30 January 2017, Volume 48 Issue 1
    

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    Focuses & Concerns
  • Progress and outlook on organic electrolytes of lithium sulfur battery
    LU Hai, YUAN Yan, YANG Qinghao, HOU Zhenzhong, LAI Yanqing, LIU Yexiang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1001-1013. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Lithium sulfur (Li/S) battery is considered to be one of the most promising energy storing devices due to the advantages of high energy density (2 500 Wh/kg in theoretical), low cost and environmental friendliness. However, its practical application is greatly restricted by poor cycle capability, low utilization of active material, severe self-discharge, etc. The reason causing above problems lies mainly in the polysulfides (Li2Sn, 4≤n＜8) formed during the electrochemical process. These intermediate products are soluble in organic electrolyte, which leads to the loss of active material. What's more, they can diffuse to the Li anode subsequently and react with it, destroying the anode structure as well as generating so-called “shuttle effect”. Modification of sulfur cathode is a primary strategy for tackling these problems, but it is realized gradually that electrolyte composition also greatly influence the battery performance. Therefore, the researches on the electrolytes have attracted wide interests and attentions in recent years. In this paper, the basic principles for designing an electrolyte suitable for Li/S battery were analyzed at first. Then, the research progresses on lithium salts, organic solvents, ionic liquids and functional additives of the electrolytes were reviewed. Finally, the further developing directions of the electrolyte in Li/S battery were discussed briefly.
  • Synthetic optimization of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials for lithium ion batteries via co-precipitation method
    MO Yan, WEI Yaqing, LIU Dun, TU Jinchun, CHEN Yong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1014-1018. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.002
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    Spherical LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 was prepared by calcining a stoichiometric mixture of Li2CO3 and Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2(OH)2 precursor. The precursor was synthesized via a co-precipitation route with sulfate as raw materials, NH3·H2O as complexing agent and NaOH as precipitant. The crystalline structure, morphology were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), scanning electron microscope (SEM). And the effects of the pH value and calcination temperature on physical and electrochemical properties of the samples were deeply investigated. The cathode material with the well-ordered structural was obtained at the optimum synthetic conditions of the pH value 11.5 and the calcination temperature of 900 ℃. At the same time, the resultant powder of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 delivered a high discharge capacity of 159 mAh/g at 0.1 C, and excellent capacity retention of 92 % was retained after 60 cycles.
  • Research status of electrode materials for flexible transparent nanogenerators
    LIU Peibo, YANG Jun, WEI Dapeng, SHI Ruiying, SHI Haofei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1019-1028. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.003
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    Transparent flexible nanogenerators can harvest various types of energy, such as mechanical energy, thermal energy. Due to the excellent transparency,flexibility and stretchability,the nanogenerators are designed to meet the anticipated requirements of specific environment conditions. It has been shown great potential for low-power portable devices, self-powered electronic systems and implanted sensors, etc. In this paper, we demonstrate the working principle and the classification of transparent flexible nanogenerator. Based on the research both in China and abroad, the power generation characteristics of the transparent flexible nanogenerator based on different transparent flexible electrodes was analyzed, including indium tin oxides (ITO), carbon nanotubes and graphene. And then the problems of these transparent flexible nanogenerators were pointed out and discussed. In order to overcome these problems, the study on transparent flexible nanogenerators should focus on improving the characteristics of transparent flexible electrodes materials. And the structure and fabrication process of transparent flexible nanogenerators should be continually optimized to improve the performance of the device. At last, transparent flexible nanogenerators with high using value must be designed in the future.
  • Electrocatalytic performance of palladium nanoparticles supported on functionalized MWCNTs by ammonium fluoride for methanol electro-oxidation
    ZHANG Xiaofeng, DONG Peng, ZHANG Yingjie, XIA Shubiao, DUAN Ben, JIN Zhenhua, XU Mingli
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1029-1033. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.004
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    In this paper, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were firstly pretreated with sodium hydroxide solution (f1-MWCNTs), and then f1-MWCNTs were covalently modified by ammonium fluoride (f2-MWCNTs), which were used as a new support for Pd nanoparticles. The new catalysts (Pd/f2-MWCNTs) were prepared by one-step photochemical reduction technique. FT-IR,TEM,XRD and XPS measurements revealed that the C-F and C-N covalence bonds were easily formed on the surface of f2-MWCNTs.In addition, the surface of Pd/f2-MWCNTs had the coordinate bonds Pd-F. The mutual interaction of these chemical bonds made the change of electronic structure of Pd,which enhanced the loading effect and dispersity of Pd nanoparticles. Cyclic electrochemical experiments indicated that electro-catalytic activity of Pd/f2-MWCNTs catalyst for methanol in alkaline medium was about 2.4 times higher than that of the commercial Pd/C (JM) catalyst at the same conditions.
  • Study on the preparation of graphene/polypyrrole conductive composites supercapacitor electrode
    DU Wei, JU Xiangyu, WANG Meili, ZHAN Jie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1034-1037. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.005
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    Supercapacitor has higher cycle stability and higher energy density than lithium battery. In order to obtain better electrochemical performance, it is important for the electrode materials to obtain high chemical stability and large ion adsorption specific surface area. Graphene was prepared by the wet chemistry method. The polypyrrole was deposited on the surface of graphene with the constant potential in-situ electrochemical deposition method. The microtopography of electrode material was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The supercapacitor electrochemical properties were investigated by the electrochemical workstation. And the same time, the deposition solution concentration, deposition time were discussed. The excellent specific capacitance with the value of 388 F/g was obtained when the deposition solution concentration was 0.2 mol/L pyrrole and deposition time was 22.5 min.
    • Review & Advance
  • Preparation,characterization and biomedical applications of collagen based hydrogels
    HU Yang, YU Xiaoyue, DAN Weihua, YIN Tao, YOU Juan, XIONG Shanbai
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1038-1046. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.006
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    Collagen based hydrogels have been used successfully as three-dimensional substrates and have shown promise for biomedical engineering. This article comprehensively reviews the research work carried out in the last few years on collagen based hydrogels with particular emphasis on preparation, characterization and biomedical applications. A significant body of this work has been devoted to state the relationship between the preparation conditions and the structure and performance of products. Ultimately, this review can serve as a resource for selection of fabrication parameters and hydrogels characterization methodologies.
  • Research progress of microstructure regulation for hydroxyapatite
    ZHAO Hongxia
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1047-1055. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.007
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    Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) has a chemical similarity to the inorganic component of nature bone. Due to the excellent biocompatibility, osteoconduction and osteoinduction, HA has received great attention of researchers and has been widely used in bone tissue engineering. During the synthesis processing, there are various factors that effect on the nucleation, crystal growth, morphology and crystal size of HA, resulting in prepared HA with different microstructure. As the microstructure has a great influence on the physical, chemical and biomechanical properties of HA, microstructure regulation for HA has become a hot research area in recent years. This review briefly addresses recent progresses of HA microstructure regulation in processing method, synthesis parameters, ion replace and organics template. The existing problems and research trends are objectively pointed out as well.
  • Progress of dielectric/metal/dielectric transparent conductive multilayer films
    LIAN Jiqing, WANG Lijun, WANG Xiaoping, CHEN Haijiang, SONG Mingli, NING Renmin, KE Xiaolong, AN Ningning
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1056-1063. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.008
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    Dielectric/metal/dielectric (D/M/D) multilayer films are one kind of transparent conductive films with high performance by unique design. It is widely recognized and have been applied to many areas own to the outstanding performance.This paper discussed the status, the designable principle, the material selecting mechanism of this field. It also summaries the controlling factors that promote the film structure,the optical and the electrical properties: such as the metal layer thickness and annealing temperature.
    • Research & Development
  • The structure and transport properties of Bi1.85In0.15Se3 single crystals
    ZHANG Min, WEI Zhantao, YANG Xinsheng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1064-1067. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.009
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    The phase structure, electrical and magnetic transport properties of Bi1.85In0.15Se3 were studied. The sample with rhombohedral layered crystal structure can be cleaved easily. A metal-insulator (M-I) transition behaviour of resistivity was observed at low temperature region, which come from the contribution of the variable range transport mechanism. For high temperature region, the phonon scattering and the ionized impurities scattering effect were both existed. Magnetic-field-induced metal-insulator transitions were observed in the Bi1.85In0.15Se3 sample with negative magnetoresistance (NMR). The change in MR was related to the competition between lorentz force and the decreasing of spin disordered resistivity.
  • Bone induction of TiO2 and Al2O3 ceramic
    PENG Haitao, LI Hong, LV Guoyu, Joost D. de Bruijn, YAN Yonggang, YUAN Huipin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1068-1072. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.010
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    Protein absorption, release of calcium and phosphate ions, surface calcification are the possible material mechanisms of calcium phosphate-induced ectopic bone formation. We studied the bone induction of non-microporus hydroxyapatite ceramic (HA-S), microporous HA (HA-R), microporous bioinert ceramics (TiO2 ceramic; Al2O3 ceramic; both incapable to release Ca/P ions and to get surface calcification). It was found that protein adsorption was material-specific. With almost no absorption of rhBMP-2, mirocporous TiO2 ceramic and Al2O3 ceramic induced bone formation. The results indicate that release of calcium and phosphate ions, surface calcification do not play a key role in osteoinduction, and surface microstructure induces bone formation may not be through protein adsorption.
  • Study on the thermal conductivity of foam materials prepared from hollow microspheres
    QU Yanan, MI Haihui, SU Zhenguo, XU Xingxing, LV Ruifang, LIU Pai, YANG Jinlong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1073-1077. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.011
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    Ultra low bulk density foam materials were prepared by a method of sintering hollow microspheres. The influences of temperature, bulk density and open porosity on the thermal conductivity were studied. It was observed that the thermal conductivity of the obtained foam materials increased with the increasing of temperature. When the closed pores transformed into open pores, the thermal conductivity of foam materials increased. The thermal conductivity of the sample was 0.054 W/(m·K) when the bulk density was 146 kg/m3. When the bulk density was in the range of 100-600 kg/m3, the relationship between the thermal conductivity and bulk density of the samples was given as:y = 0.00023 x +0.028
  • Study on the preparation and anticorrosion of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate coating modified by P-phenylenediamine-aniline
    HOU Jingli, SHEN Yiding, WANG Haihua, FEI Guiqiang, HU Miaomiao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1078-1083. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.012
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    P-phenylenediamine-aniline copolymer P(ANI-PDA) was synthesized by micro-emulsion polymerization; waterborne polyurethane - acrylate composite emulsion (WPUA) was prepared by in-situ emulsion polymerization; P(ANI-PDA)/WPUA were prepared according to the physical blending method. The thermal ability and morphology of P(ANI-PDA)/WPUA were characterized by TGA and AFM, the anticorrosion properties of composite coatings were studied by water absorption, Spray salt test and electrochemical test, and the anticorrosion properties of coatings with different contents P(ANI-PDA) were studied. The results showed that the crystallinity of P(ANI-PDA) is high; the latex particle diameters were increased ,the thermal ability were improved with increasing the content of P(ANI-PDA),when P(ANI-PDA) in an amount of 1.5%, the coating displays the best salt spray resistance and anticorrosion property, the water absorption of films is 4.1%, the corrosion potential is -1.034 V, the corrosion current density is2.75×10-7 A·cm2.
  • The influence of magnetic field on the electrochemical behaviors of coating for EMI shielding in marine environment
    HE Zebang, YANG Minna, LU Lin, LI Xiaogang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1084-1088. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.013
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    Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is applied to research the protection performance of single and double system of Ni/acrylic polyurethane electromagnetic shielding coating which influenced by external magnetic field in 3.5wt% NaCl solution. The stereo microscope and SEM are adopted to represent the surface of Ni/Acrylic polyurethane electromagnetic shielding coating and cross-section morphology characteristics after soaking. The results suggest that magnetic field slows down the performance of the solution diffusion in single Ni-based coating, which delays the decrease of the low frequency impedance ｜Z｜0.01 Hz with the increase of immersion time. It shows that the magnetic field makes Ni particles rearrange inside the coating and reducing the inner coating defects. As for the double-layer system of Ni/Acrylic polyurethane electromagnetic shielding coating, EIS results show that the applied magnetic field makes the low frequency impedance ｜Z｜0.01 Hz fall faster, however, the magnetic field direction has no obvious effect on the low frequency impedance｜Z｜0.01 Hz. Analysis shows that magnetic field optimize the distribution of Ni in coating and improves the corrosion resistance of electromagnetic shielding coating. But for the failure process of topcoat (Acrylic polyurethane), the magnetic field plays a main role in accelerating the diffusion of electrolyte. In summary, the magnetic field accelerates the corrosion process of double coating system.
  • Preparation of ultrasmall lysine nanoparticle de novo for Glioblastoma fluorescent imaging
    SONG Xiaojie, LIAO Han, WANG Bing, WANG Yanfang, ZHANG Ying
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1089-1094. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.014
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    Preparation of a kind of ultrasmall fluorescent lysine nanoparticle for Glioblastoma fluorescent imaging was as follows:first, the lysine-fluorescein (Lys-FITC) moleculewas synthesizedthrough fluorescein isothiocyanateand reaction with amino group of Fmoc-Lys-OH·HCl; second, the end-product Lys-FITC was cross-linked by genipin in reversed microemulsion. After purification, UV absorbance spectrum was investigated to validate no free Fluorescein isothiocyanate remained. Fluorescence property was measured on PerkinElmer LS 55 which showed fluorescence spectrum not changed. The particle size and morphology were observed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), which showed (198.33±0.03) nm and 39.78 respectively. Finally, Lys-FITC nanoparticle was cultured with U87 cell for fluorescent imaging and imaging signal in U87 cell was clearly visible. CHO cell tested by CCK-8 cultured with different concentration of nano confirmed no cytotoxicity when bellow 8 mg/mL.
  • Nano-mechanical behavior of Ti(58-x)Cu42Nix alloy investigated by nanoindentation
    YU Feifei, WANG Hefeng, YUAN Guozheng, SHU Xuefeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1095-1098. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.015
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    Based on nanoindentation, tests on Ti(58-x)Cu42Nix(x=0,5,10)were launched to investigate effect of Ni content on the nano-mechanical of TiCuNi alloy. Plastic strain-total strain ratios during nanoindentation process were adopted to characterize plasticity of alloy. Based on Oliver-Pharr method and indentation work correction algorithm method, analyze surface morphology of indentation and mechanical parameter of alloy, respectively. Results demonstrating that the plasticity of alloys decreases with the increasing of Ni content, namely, plasticity increases. Pile-up phenomenon of Ti48Cu42Ni10 is slightly apparent than that of Ti53Cu42Ni5 and Ti58Cu42 is the one with the smallest pile-up. The relationship of wear resistance of these three alloys strengthened with the increasing of Ni content.
  • Preparation and adsorption performance of hyperbranched polyamide nanofiltration membrane
    DENG Zhaolong, DENG Huiyu, CHEN Qingchun, HE Yanyan, ZHANG Xiaoguang, NA Bing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1099-1104. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.016
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    A negatively charged nanofiltration membrane was prepared by interfacial polymerization of amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide (monomer in aqueous phase) with 1,4-benzenedicarbonyl dichloride (monomer in oil phase) at certain concentration. The salts rejection order of this membrane for 1 000 mg/L NaCl,Na2SO4,MgCl2 and MgSO4 was MgCl2＞ MgSO4＞ Na2SO4＞ NaCl and the rejection coefficient of Na2SO4 was 73.5%. The effects of the operation pressure and the concentration of Mg2+ on the Mg2+ adsorption of the membrane were investigated. The results indicated that adsorption equilibrium time could be reduced by increasing the operation pressure or increasing the CMg2+ in feeding solution which can also enhance the adsorption capacity of the membrane for Mg2+. Pseudo-first-order kinetics model provided better fit to the adsorption data, however, which needs some modification. The data analysis also indicted that most Mg2+ deposited on the surface of the membrane and existed in the membrane pore.
  • Calcium carbonate scale inhibition performance in the presence of poly(aspartic acid-itaconic acid)
    ZHANG Yuling, KANG Shaoxin, LI Wei, WANG Jilong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1105-1108. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.017
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    In order to enhance the inhibition performance on CaCO3, polyaspartic acid (PASP) has been modified into a new product poly(aspartic acid-itaconic acid) (PAI) . Static scale method was employed to study the effect of different water quality conditions on PAI scale-inhibiting performance, which was compared with another modified product aspartic acid - lysine copolymer (PAL) and commercial PASP. From the perspective of the crystallization kinetics, the difference on inhibition performance of PAI, organic phosphine inhibitor PBTCA and PASP was investigated difference under a certain condition. The results show that , under the same experimental condition, the inhibition rate of PAI can reach up to the peak of 90.12%, which is slightly better than PAL while significantly higher than the PASP. Crystal growth rate constants of calcium carbonate are k(PBTCA)=30.39＜k(PAI)=34.806＜k(PASP)=40.557. The data above shows that PAI is a new modified product with excellent scale-inhibiting property, which is suitable for the water system with unstable water quality conditions and longer HRT.
  • Effect of environmental humidity on the functional materials of organic light-emitting diode
    LIN Yang, SI Changfeng, PENG Cuiyun, PAN Saihu, CHEN Guo, WEI Bin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1109-1114. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.018
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    With accelerated marketization process of the organic light-emitting diode (OLED), organic optoelectric functional materials were more widely applied. However, the research results about the effect of environmental humidity on OLED functional materials were rarely reported. A typical hole-transporting material, N,N′-bis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-biphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (NPB) was taken as an example to investigate the humidity effect on the photoluminescent properties of organic materials and electroluminescent performance of and OLED devices. The NPB material was stored in various controlled relative humidity (RH) values at 5%, 20%, 35% and 50% at 25 ℃ for 24 h. OLED devices were fabricated with the NPB as hole-transporting layers and tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminium (Alq3) as light emitting layer. The effect of environmental humidity on the performance of OLED was studied. The results indicated that the performance of OLED was progressively decreased with increasing humidity ranging from 5% to 50%, and the maximum current efficiency reduced from 3.96 to 3.31 cd/A. Furthermore, current density-voltage characteristics of the hole-only devices presented that the hole mobility of NPB was increased with increasing humidity, which resulted in poor charge balance. The photoluminance spectra of the NPB film exhibited obvious red-shift with increasing the material storage humidity, which may due to the excited states from the locally excited state to an excited state with the strong charge transfer character.
  • Polypyrrole-modified ZSM-5 type zeolite for acetylene hydrochlorination
    LIU Huijie, ZHU Mingyuan, DAI Bin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1115-1119. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.019
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    In this study, polypyrrole (PPy) was modified at ZSM-5 zeolite for synthesizing PPy-ZSM-5 materials. The materials were characterized using FT-IR, TEM, BET to determine structural and morphological characteristics of the sample. The results proved that PPy was successfully deposited onto the surface of ZSM-5 carrier. PPy-ZSM-5 were by used as carriers to prepare 1%AuCl3/PPy-ZSM-5 catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination. 1%AuCl3/8PPy-ZSM-1 000 was optimal catalyst, the conversion rate of acetylene can reach 99%. The results shown that the existence of PPy significantly enhanced catalytic performance by affecting the adsorption of hydrogen chloride, and then inhibiting the conversion of Au3+ to Au0, the aggregation of gold particles and the coke deposition during acetylene hydrochlorination.
  • Influence of arsenic acid to ZTS solution stability and crystal growth
    YU Huajian, CHANG Xinan, CHEN Xuean, XIAO Weiqiang, TU Heng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1120-1124. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.020
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    For improving the stability of ZTS solution and gaining the better growth condition of the crystal growth, arsenic acid was taken into the growth system as an additive. So the stability of ZTS solution was explored by measurements of the metastable zone width and induction period, then the growth experiments of ZTS crystal were done by slow-cooling method. The results show: the stability of the ZTS solution can be raised along with the increasing of arsenic acid concentration within the experiment range; arsenic acid adding can bring that the growth of ZTS crystal is accelerated significantly along a-axis and the crystal morphology is changed, the number of the crystal face reduces sharply; moreover, the cell parameters increase slightly due to the doping of trace amounts of AsO43- into the crystal.
  • Synthesis and research of Kaolinite-Benzyltrimethylammonium intercalation compound
    LI Xin, GAO Ke, HONG Yubin, HE Xumin, DING Matai, LAN Weiguang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1125-1129. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.021
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    Lamellate kaolinite-benzyltrimethylammonium intercalation compound was synthesized first by DMSO and kaolinite intercalated reaction,then replaced by methanol and benzyltrimethylammonium chloride(TMBAC) successively. The new intercalated compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),thermal gravity analysis (TG) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The possible intercalation mechanism and theoretical model of intercalation compounds were discussed.
  • The characterization of N-V-Si-codoped TiO2 and its photocatalytic performance study under visible light
    WANG Shuqin, DU Zhihui, ZHAO Shaopeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1130-1134. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.022
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    N-V-Si-codoped nanosized TiO2 powders were prepared by the sol-gel method with tetrabutyl titanate as Ti resource, hexamethylene tetramine as N resource, ammonium metavanadate as V resource and ethyl silicate as Si source. The surface structure and crystal ratio of N-V-Si-TiO2 powders were characterized by BET, UV-Vis and XRD. The photocatalytic decomposition property of N-V-Si-TiO2 to formaldehyde, toluene and SO2 under visible light was investigated. The results showed that the N-V-Si-TiO2 of calcination temperature at 500 ℃, the N-doped amount of 28%(molar ratio), the V-doped amount of 1%(molar ratio) and the Si-doped amount of 5% (molar ratio)has a small average pore size, a large specific surface area and a strong absorption ability under visible light. The degradation efficiency of formaldehyde, toluene and SO2 can up to 89.6%, 83.4% and 98.7%, which are highly improved than that of N-V-TiO2 and pure TiO2 respectively. The continuous using time of N-V-Si-TiO2 can be up to 9 h, which is 3-4 h longer than that of N-V-TiO2 and pure TiO2. The regenerative recovery rate of the deactivation sample is up to 95%, and it has a quite high activity after reuse for 5 times.
  • Electrorheological properties of titanium oxide/polyvinylpyrrolidone/stearic acid particles prepared by electrostatic spraying method
    HAN Pengfei, ZHAO Hong, DONG Xufeng, TAN Suokui, QI Min, JI Song
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1135-1138. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.23
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    Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and stearic acid (SA) modified titanium oxide (TiOx) particles were synthesized by electrostatic spraying(ES)method. SEM and particle size analysis results showed that TiOx /PVP/SA particles were regular sphere whose average size was 236.7 nm. FT-IR results showed that PVP and SA were introduced to TiOx successfully. XRD results showed that TiOx/PVP/SA particles were amorphous state. Two kind of TiOx/PVP/SA particles which were synthesized by electrostatic spraying and hydrolysis precipitation (HP) methods respectively were used to prepared electrorheological(ER) fluids in the mass fraction of 43%. The electrorheological properties were tested and the results showed that ES-TiOx/PVP/SA particles based ER fluid presents higher shear yield intensity and shear stability in comparison with HP-TiOx/PVP/SA based ER fluid.
  • Effect of etching process on fast-epitaxial SiC thick films
    MAO Kaili, WANG Yingmin, LI Bin, ZHAO Gaoyang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1139-1143. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.024
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    According to the requirement of 10KV high voltage power device, high quality and fast-epitaxial growth rate is required for thick SiC epitaxial growth. 4H-SiC epi-layers grown on 4° off-axis substrates at high rates usually suffer from step-bunching and extended triangular defects, both detrimental for device performance. In this paper, by using HCl gas as chloride precursors, the effects of different etching process and etching temperature on SiC epitaxial layer quality were studied. When the substrates were etched by HCl gas at 1 620 ℃ for 5 min and then epitaxial grown at 1 600 ℃, step-bunch free epitaxial layer with a minimum triangular defect density and excellent morphology could be grown. By this etching procedure, a 55.2 μm SiC layer was grown at the average rate of 55.2 μm/h. The number of triangular defects was less than 1/cm2. The surface roughness is only 0.167 nm.
  • Electrochemical properties and improvement byball-milling of CrNbO4 as a new-type anode material
    KONG Fanjun, ZHAO Hao, DENG Bingjie, HE Xiaolei , QIAN Bin, HAN Zhida, FANG Yong, YANG Gang, JIANG Xuefan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1144-1147. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.025
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    CrNbO4 was successively prepared by high solid-state method and first discussed its electrochemical properties as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries. The structure, morphology and electrochemical properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), galvanostatic discharge-charge test, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). CrNbO4 can maintain a discharge capacity of 63.5 mAh/g after 50 cycles between 0.001-3.0 V at a current density of 16 mA/g. The initial discharge/charge capacity of sample improved from 212.9/100.9 mAh/g to 572.3/343.5 mAh/g through ball-milling method, and discharge capacity kept 81.3 mAh/g after 50 cycles at a current density of 160 mA/g.
  • Preparation and mechanism of ultrafine Co particles by solvothermal method
    BU Shaojing, LI Dan, LI Shitai, HAN Xuhao, SUN Jibing, CUI Chunxiang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1148-1152. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.026
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    In this paper, ultrafine Co particles were prepared by the solvothermal method, using CoCl2·6H2O as the raw material and N2H4·H2O as the reductant. In addition, AgNO3·6H2O was introduced into the system as the nucleating agent. Chemical mechanism for the formation of zero-valent Co was discussed with the aid of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). Furthermore, phase structure, micromorphology and magnetic properties of the product particles were characterized. The influences of the nucleating agent addition and the solvothermal reaction temperature on the microstructure and magnetic performances were mainly investigated. The results show that spherical Co particles smaller than 100 nm can be achieved at 160 ℃ from the precursor solution in which the molar ration of Ag+ to Co2+ is 1:100. The obtained Co particles exhibit good dispersibility and soft magnetic properties.
  • Preparation of hemocompatible cellulose-based paper and its performance in loading growth factor
    LV Wenzhi, ZHOU Xiaofan, WANG Huili, LONG Zhu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1153-1158. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.027
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    The surface of cellulose-based paper was grafted with heparin anticoagulants by oxygen low temperature plasma technology in order to improve its blood compatibility. The results of assess to blood compatibility shows that paper grafted with heparin has higher anticoagulation than original paper. Comparing with original paper the value of APTT, PT and TT of the heparin grafted paper has been remarkably extended and at the same time its performance of anti-hemolysis and anti-adhesion to platelets and blood cells has been improved obviously. The performance of heparin grafted paper in loading VEGF and its influence to the survival and proliferation of HUVEC has been also evaluated by pNPP. For the long-term controlled release to the VEGF paper grafted with heparin is more helpful to the survival and proliferation of HUVEC.
  • Synthesis and photocatalytic performance of heterostructured SnO/Sn3O4
    CUI Lei, YANG Lijuan, GAO Jiansen, GU Shipu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1159-1162. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.028
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    Flower-like microspheres were synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The crystal structure, morphology, composition, specific surface area and optical property of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), automatic surface area analyzer and UV-Vis absorption spectrum. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by degradation of rhodamine B(RhB) solution. The results showed that the flower-like microspheres were composed of SnO/Sn3O4 heterostructures. The specific surface area of the sample was 52.6 m2/g. The band gap of SnO and Sn3O4 in the samples were evaluated as 2.90 and 2.51 eV, respectively. Finally, SnO/Sn3O4 heterostructures semiconductors performed the efficiency degradation of RhB.
  • Preparation and study of PEG-IPDI-PVA/laponite based nanocomposite hydrogels
    WANG Pei, GAO Shan, LIU Lian, ZHANG Tianxiang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1163-1166. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.029
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    To reinforce the temperature sensitivity and mechanical properties of PEG-IPDI-PVA hydrogels, laponite nano filler was added. PEG-IPDI-PVA hydrogels were prepared by in-situ graft copolymerization. The structure and fracture surface morphology of the hydrogels were analyzed by FT-IR and SEM. The swelling ratio and mechanical properties of the hydrogels were also discussed. The results showed that the swelling ratio was significantly increased, even highly up to 700%. The addition of the laponite had great influence on the structure, physical and chemical properties of the hydrogels. From 35 to 40 ℃, the swelling ratio increased rapidly and showed excellent temperature sensitivity characteristics.
  • Suggestion of the non-isothermal decomposition kinetic mechanism function for acrylic resin-chitosan film
    LI Yamin, QIANG Xihuai, LIU Aizhen, AI Qian, YAN Zhe
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1167-1171. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.030
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    The thermal decomposition of Acrylic-chitosan resin containing a functional monomer named AAEM was studied by TG-DTG. The results show that the thermal decomposition curve expresses as two steps: the first step of decomposition temperature range is about 199.4-349.0 ℃; the second step of decomposition temperature range is about 323.9-450.787 ℃ where the maximun decomposition rate occurs, the decomposition rate increases with the increasing of heating rate during in this stage . The thermal decomposition apparent activation energy (E) is 119.193 kJ/mol by Kissinger equation and 123.049 kJ/mol by Ozawa equation. The thermal decomposition of Acrylic-chitosan resin containing a functional monomer named AAEM can be divided into three stages.The conversion rate of the first stage is 10%-25%, the conversion rate of the second stage is about 25%-45%,and the third stage is about 45%-90%. The initial stage of reaction is chemical mechanism in which the most probable kinetic mechanism function is C5 suggested by coats-redfern method and the reaction order is 5.The final reaction becomes diffusion reaction where the most probable kinetic mechanism function is D6. The medium reaction is transition stage.
  • The preparation and photocatalytic properties of visible-light active c-CuFe2O4 nanofibers
    LU Chuchu, QIN Chuanxiang, ZHU Aiping, DAI Lixing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1172-1176. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017. .001
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    c-CuFe2O4 nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning assisted by citric acid and subsequent heating methods. The crystal phase and morphology of obtained c-CuFe2O4 nanofibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that c-CuFe2O4 nanofibers still have a higher aspect ratio after calcination, while its surface area and pore size are 19 m2/g and 14.8 nm, respectively. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation rate for Rhodamine B (RhB) of c-CuFe2O4 nanofibers is 99%. The photocatalyst can be effectively collected by external magnet after the catalytic reaction, which avoid the secondary pollution.
  • Effect of compatibility of polyether with epoxy on toughness and its mechanism
    CHENG Xu, CHENG Wen, WANG Haibo, DU Zongliang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1177-1182. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.032
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    Hydroxy-terminated polypropylene glycol,carboxyl-terminated polypropylene glycol and epoxy-terminated polypropylene were used to modifiy epoxy resin. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis,impact strength and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the modified epoxy resin. The glass transition temperature(Tg)of epoxy resin firstly increased and then decreased as the adding amount of hydroxy-terminated polypropylene glycol increased,and phase seperation appeared. The compatibility increased when carboxyl-terminated polypropylene glycol was used as modifier,and phase seperation appeared in larger adding amount. Phase separation didn't exist when epoxy-terminated polypropylene was used. The variation of impact strength of three different modified epoxy resin consisted with the variation of phase seperation of modified epoxy resin. Test results show that the toughness of epoxy resin is enhanced by way of plasticization when adding hydroxy-terminated polypropylene glycol and when adding epoxy-terminated polypropylene glycol,the toughness is enhanced by way of increasing the flexibility of the crosslinked networks.
  • Acceptor-like behavior during the detection of CO for SnO2/LaFeO3 nanocomposite
    ZHANG Wan, ZHANG Shunping, XIE Changsheng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1183-1188. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.033
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    Template method and sol-gel method have been used to synthesize SnO2 and LaFeO3, and the CO gas sensing properties of the as-prepared SnO2/LaFeO3 nanocomposites have been studied. During the test, an anomalous phenomenon has been observed: nanocomposites 85%SnO2+15%LaFeO3 (85Sn-La) and 90%SnO2+10%LaFeO3 (90Sn-La) showed a decreased conductivity towards interaction with CO at temperature lower than 200 ℃, which we call it an acceptor-like behavior.
       Acceptor-like behavior has been observed at low temperature only and shows a maximum acceptor effect for nanocomposite 85Sn-La. The interaction between temperature; gas and the material surface has been proposed to explain the observed behavior. At low temperature, a reaction between CO and hydroxyl absorbed on the surface will occur, resulting in the increase of the material surface charge and the decrease of the conductivity.
    • Process & Technology
  • The study of Synthesis of composite powder Cu/CNTs using Cr/Cu as catalyst
    FU Shaoli, LI Shengjuan, LIU Ping, CHEN Xiaohong, LIU Xinkuan, LI Wei, MA Fengcang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1189-1194. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.034
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    Well-distributed Cu/CNTs composite powders was developed by chemical vapor deposition method (CVD). The crystal phase and micro morphologies of the as-synthesized materials are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as Raman spectrum, respectively. The results show that well-crystallized CNTs with smooth surface and high purity can be produced by chemical vapor deposition method using 10wt%Cr catalyst at a growth temperature as low as 800 ℃, a growth time of 30 min, and under a mixed Ar/H2/C2H4 gas with a flow rate of 800,2 450 and 300 mL/min, respectively.
  • Synthesis of NASICON-type Mg0.5Zr2(PO4)3 magnesium ion solid electrolyte by coprecipitation method
    LI Wenlong, LIU Huan, YANG Liqing, GUO Bin, HU Weijie, WANG Haojing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1195-1198. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.035
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    Samples of Mg0.5Zr2(PO4)3 compound with pure NASICON-phase were obtained by coprecipitation method with magnesium nitrate, zirconium acetate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate as raw material. The Mg0.5Zr2(PO4)3 (MZP) precursor powders were sintered via pressureless sintering and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that samples sintered at 750 ℃ by the pressureless sintering showed the highest total conductivity of 4.67×10-6 S/cm and its density reached 90% of theoretical density. The activation energy of the samples is 0.098 eV. The studies have shown that Mg0.5Zr2(PO4)3 is a promising magnesium ion conductive materials and of great significance for the research of solid-state magnesium ion battery in the future.
  • Analysis on corrosion resistance of CrWMn iron-based coatings on the surface of 316L steel in liquid lead bismuth eutectic
    HUANG Fei, LEI Yucheng, LU Chao, GU Jun, ZHU Qiang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1199-1203. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.036
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    CrWMn iron-based alloy was clad on the surface of 316L by TIG and the corrosion resistance of coatings in dynamic(relative flowing velocity, 1.70, 2.31, 2.98 m/s) liquid lead bismuth eutectic at 550 ℃ was studied in this paper. The results show that dissolution of steel composition is observed and. a double layer oxide film is formed on the surface of coatings. The phase of outer layer is loose and porous Fe3O4, while the phase of inner layer is dense FeCr2O4. When the relative flowing velocity is over 2.31 m/s, diffusion of Fe, O elements is accelerated and new phase (Fe0.6Cr0.4)2O3 has been created. In the short term, the faster the flowing velocity is, the more severely the outer layer is corroded, the thinner its thickness is, but the thickness of inner layer is almost unchanged. Especially the dense inner layer protects coatings well, also guards the surface of 316L and prevents the elementary dissolution of Ni, etc.
  • Influence of cold deformation on martensitic transformation and elastic properties of medical beta TiNb alloy
    ZHENG Bo, MA Fengcang, ZHANG Quancheng, WANG Fei, LIU Ping, LIU Xinkuan, LI Wei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1204-1208. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.037
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    Ti-35Nb-2Ta-3Zr beta titanium alloy was prepared by using magnetic control tungsten electrode arc furnace and rolling were carried out. The influence of cold rolling deformation on martensitic transformation and elastic properties of beta titanium alloy was studied. The influence of cold rolling deformation of TiNb alloy on the microstructure and elastic properties was studied by polarizing microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy analysis and Nano indentation test method. The results show that in the process of rolling deformation, β→α″ phase transition happened in the beta titanium alloy. With the increase of the deformation, the martensite changed from needle-like to thick strip. When the deformation reaches 90%, the martensite became small and had obvious orientation. Nano indentation test results showed that with the increase of the deformation, alloy elastic rebound rate showed a trend of decrease gradually and modulus of elasticity basic remain unchanged.
  • Investigation of diamond like carbon thin film deposited by coupling DC/RF reactive magnetron sputtering
    LIU Lei, WANG Tao, HE Zhibing, ZHANG Ling, YI Yong, DU Kai
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1209-1214. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.038
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    Diamond like carbon films were deposited on Si (111) substrates by coupling DC and RF reactive magnetron sputtering from pure carbon target. The films were characterized and analyzed by stylus profilometer, Raman spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, XPS, SEM, white light interferometer and nanoindentation techniques. The effects of working pressure on the deposition rate, structure, morphology and hardness properties were investigated. The working pressure was varied between 0.35 and 1.25 Pa. It was found that as the working pressure increased, the deposition rate decreased gradually and the sp3 content in the films first increased then decreased; the surface roughness presented a trend that first decreased then increased and gained the minimum surface roughness which is 6.68nm at the working pressure of 1.0 Pa. With the pressure increasing, both hardness and modules of films first increased then decreased, and reached the maximum value of 11.6 and 120.7 GPa respectively at the work pressure of 1.0 Pa.
  • Study on the removal of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in water by the geopolymer-based inorganic membrane
    LI Qiaoyun, HE Yan, XU Mengxue, LIU Jing, HE Miao, HUANG Lucong, CUI Xuemin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1215-1220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.039
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    This study used metakaolin as raw material, used modified industrial water glass as alkali activator, and used deionized water as foaming agent. The geopolymer slurry was prepared by mixing evenly according to the formula molar ratio (n(SiO2)/n(Na2O)=1.3,n(Na2O)/n(Al2O3)=0.8, n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=2.96, n(H2O)/n(Na2O)=10-24). After the slurry was cast into mould, and it was cured under the condition of 60 ℃ and demoulded after 1 d,and then cured at room temperature for 7 days so that we could get the geopolymer-based inorganic membrane. Using XRD(X - ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), specific surface area and porosity testing apparatus, automatic pore size analyzer, compressive strength and water flux test, it is found that the inorganic membrane has large porous volume and surface area structure, uniform pore size distribution, high porosity and good mechanical strength, which are good at removal of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in tap water. The experiment results showed that inorganic membrane has a high rejection rate, and it has good practical significance.
  • Effect of rare earth elements Gd doping on microstructure and magnetic properties of MnBi alloy
    ZHANG Suyin, LIU Zemin, SHAO Cheng, ZHANG Rui, ZHANG Pengyue
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1221-1224. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.040
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    MnBi1-xGdx (x=0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) alloys were prepared by melt-spinning method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to measure and investigate the phase structure and magnetic properties. The effect of Gd doping concentration on the phase structure, phase-transition temperature and magnetic properties was investigated. The relationship between the microstructure and magnetic properties of the MnBiGd alloys was discussed. The results show that the optimal content of Gd for the coercivity of MnBi1-xGdx alloys is x=0.3 and the coercivity reaches a maximum value of 0.654 T which is 4.7 times of the undoped samples.
  • Thermodynamic analysis on synthesis of Fe-Ni alloy by chemical Co-precipitation
    ZHOU Xiangyang, LUO Chucheng, WANG Hui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1225-1229. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.041
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    We have developed a facile strategy for the mass-production techniques of Fe-Ni alloy powder by a co-precipitation - thermal decomposition reduction method. According to the principle of simultaneous equilibrium and mass equilibrium, a series of thermodynamic equilibrium equations in the system at ambient temperature were deduced. The diagrams of logarithm ion concentrations versus pH values at different solution compositions were drawn based on the calculation results. The effects of pH value on the concentration of ions in solution were investigated. At about pH 3.5, the values of [Ni2+]T and [Fe2+]T were almost the same; the Ni2+ and Fe2+ were nearly completely precipitated, and the precipitation rate of these two type of ions were almost the same. Thus, homogeneous Fe-Ni alloys precursor can be obtained under such conditions. And then, the precursor was decomposed and reduced in flowing H2/Ar atmosphere. Finally, Fe-Ni alloy powders can be obtained.
  • Fabrication and property of anti-reflection structures on multicrystalline silicon by Ag and Cu dually assisted chemical etching
    ZHENG Chaofan, SHEN Honglie, PU Tian, JIANG Ye, LI Yufang, TANG Quntao, WU Sitai, CHEN Jieyi, JIN Lei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1230-1235. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.042
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    A novel one-step metal assisted chemical etching (MACE) method with Ag and Cu dual elements as catalysts at room temperature was introduced to prepare anti-reflection structures on multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si). The effects of etching time and molar ratio of Ag/Cu on the reflectance and surface morphology of mc-Si wafer were systematically studied. The reflectance was analyzed by spectrophotometer and the morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy. It was found that mc-Si surface by Ag/Cu-assisted etching is smoother than that by Ag or Cu-assisted etching and the reflectance of the former is lower. A complex structure with pores and grooves was obtained when Ag/Cu molar ratio is smaller than 1/10 and dense nanowire structure was obtained when Ag/Cu molar ratio is larger than 1/5. The results showed that the complex structure with pores and grooves possessed a good light trapping effect. A minimum surface reflectance of 6.23% in the wavelength range from 400 to 900 nm was obtained when Ag/Cu molar ratio was 1/10 and etching time was 180 s.
  • Preparation and properties of polyurethane foams flame retarded by DAM-DOPO/ammonium polyphosphate
    LIU Juan, YAN Li, ZHANG Qi, SANG Xiaoming
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1236-1243. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.043
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    A novel reactive flame retardant, DAM-DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-[N,N-bi (hydroxyethyl) amino methyl]-10-phosphonic hetero phenanthrene-10-oxide), was synthesized with DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide), formaldehyde and diethanolamine. The structure of DAM-DOPO was characterized by FTIR and NMR. The flame retarded rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) plastics were prepared by chemical modification of PU chains with DAM-DOPO and by blended modification with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) simultaneously. The influences of different ratios of DAM-DOPO and APP on the flame retardancy and mechanical property of PUF were investigated by LOI, SDR, Ld and impact strength test. The synergistic reaction was appeared between DAM-DOPO and APP when the ratio of DAM-DOPO and APP was 1:4 - LOI reached to 24.0%, SDR decreased to 34.98% and Ld was 8mm. DAM-DOPO had a higher carbon residue rate and the maximum weight loss happened at the higher temperature than DOPO. What's more, DAM-DOPO promoted forming the smooth and loose fire phosphorus-containing char layer, which strengthen the inflatable and dense char layer from APP in the condense phase. Then the smoother and compacter char layer was obtained. In addition, the impact strength of flame-retardant RPUFs with DAM-DOPO/APP were studied. The results of impact strength suggest that with the decrease of the addition ratio of DAM-DOPO, its impact strength reduced to 0.065 kJ/m2, which can fill the demend for the application in reality.
  • Research on performance comparison of lignite-activated carbon and hypercoal-activated carbon
    FAN Lihua, WANG Xiaoliu, HOU Caixia, KONG Bihua, LIANG Yinghua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1244-1248. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.044
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    High specific surface area activated carbons were prepared from lignite and hypercoal by KOH direct activation methods. Ash content, specific surface area, pore structure and the electrochemical properties of the lignite-activated carbon and hypercoal-activated carbon were investigated in this paper. The results showed that the ash content of the activated carbons prepared from lignite and hypercoal was 5.61% and 0.49%, respectively. And their specific capacitance reached 182.40 and 337.38 F/g of the electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) in 3 mol/L KOH electrolyte. The results demonstrated that removing the ash from raw material could radically reduce the ash content and change the pore structure of activated carbon. Hypercoal-activated carbon is better than lignite-activated carbon for EDLC. Its charge and discharge performance, ratio characteristics are superior to these of lignite-activated carbon.
  • Effect of Fe doping on the phase transitions,magnetocaloric effect and exchange bias in Mn50Ni41-xFexSn9 alloys
    ZHU Rui, DONG Shiyuan, HAN Zhida, PU Lin, ZHAN Rong, ZHENG Youdou, SHI Yi
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(1): 1249-1252. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.01.045
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    Mn50Ni41-xFexSn9(x=0,2,4)alloys were prepared by arc melting method.Their crystal structure,phase transitions,magnetocaloric effect,and exchange bias were investigated by X-ray diffraction,physical property measurement system,and vibrating sample magnetometer.The results show that with the increase of Fe content,the martensitic transformation temperature decreases gradually,while Curie temperature of the martensitic phase increases.The addition of Fe leads to the increase in the magnetization change across the martensitic transformation,which gives rise to relatively large magnetocaloric effect. Furthermore,the exchange bias field decreases with the increasing of Fe concentration,which is ascribed to the fact that Fe addition can enhance the ferromagnetic interaction in Mn50Ni41-xFexSn9 alloys.
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