28 February 2017, Volume 48 Issue 2
    

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    Focuses & Concerns
  • Study of hydraulic mechanical erosion resistant coatings sprayed by supersonic plasma spraying
    WU Yanming, FU Li, CHEN Xiaoming, ZHOU Xialiang, MAO Pengzhan, MA Honghai
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2001-2004. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.001
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    The advanced SQC-100 supersonic plasma spraying system has both high speed of HVOF, and deposition efficiency of APS, and it can effectively reduce the cost of the coating under the premise of quality assurance. In this study, SQC-100 supersonic plasma spraying technique will be used to spray WC-10Co-4Cr coating, and study its erosion resistance. The results showed that: the porosity is 0.77%, hardness is 1 210 HV0.2, binding strength is 72 MPa. Coating performance basically reached HVOF the same level. In addition, the obtained coating has good resistance to erosion and sediment properties, erosion Resistance of coating is 3.88 times than ZG0Cr13Ni4Mo stainless steel. The ductile trancrystalline fracture is the main propagating mode of cracks in the coating. WC-10Co-4Cr coating has a wide range of applications of hydraulic machinery parts in the field of high sediment-laden flow.
  • Preparation and electrochemical properties of PEDOT/AC composites electrodes for supercapacitors
    YANG Wenyao, LI Jie, GAO Junhua, TANG Ke, REN Xiaoxia, YANG Bangchao, XU Jianhua, WU Zhaokun, LI Xin, ZHANG Haiyang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2005-2008. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.002
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    Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/activated carbon (PEDOT/AC) composite was synthesizedby a chemical precipitation method with P-toluenesulfonic acid iron (Fe(TOs)3) as dopant and oxidant. Their morphology and structure were investigatedby SEM, FT-IR and TGA/DTG respectively. Electrodes for spiral wound supercapacitors with varying compositions of PEDOT and AC were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to understand their electrochemical properties. The results show that PEDOT/AC composite has high thermal stability. When the mass ratio of AC and EDOT is 20%,the specific capacitance of composite electrodes estimated to be 176.3 F/g. Moreover, the capacitance retained 83.6% after 1 000 galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles, suggesting a high cycle stability of the composite electrodes.
  • Adsorption properties and kinetic study of Cu2+ removal using five kinds of modified starches
    XIE Xinling, XIONG Haiwu, TONG Zhangfa, HUANG Jie, GAO Hongliang, LIAO Anping, ZHANG Youquan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2009-2012. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.003
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    Modified starch with specific functional groups can increase the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions. Cationic starch, phosphate starch, distarch phosphate, oxidized starch and urea starch were used as adsorbent respectively, and the ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to measure the concentration of Cu2+. What's more, the adsorption effect and kinetics of above modified starches on Cu2+ were investigated. The results show that phosphate starch has the maximum saturated adsorption of Cu2+ in the five kinds of starches, which can reach 50.7 mg/g under the conditions when the dosage of modified starch was 0.1 g, the initial concentration of Cu2+ was 2 g/L and the volume of solution was 100 mL. Adsorption kinetic studies showed that the adsorption isotherm data of these modified starches match with the Freundlich isotherm model. The data of cationic starch is in accord with pseudo-second order kinetic model, and the others' adsorption data more coincide with pseudo-first order kinetic model.
  • The conductivity research of different particle sizes of titanium dioxide coated antimony tin oxide
    QIAN Jianhua, LIU Jiao, XU Jiasheng, LIU Lin, XING Jinjuan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2013-2019. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.004
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    The chemical coprecipitation method was adopted to prepare TiO2@ATO conductive powder by coating Sb-doped SnO2 on TiO2. The effect of the different particle sizes on the conductive properties of powder was examined, and the powder was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The results of cyclic voltammetry (C-V) curves and impedance measurements analyzing on the composite electrode investigated by the electrochemical workstation showed that with an increase in the scan rate, the anodic and cathodic peaks of the C-V curves shifted to higher and lower potentials, respectively, and the shape of the peaks didn't change obviously, instructing the composite electrodes was with high ratio of performance and low internal resistance. The impedance measurements instructed when the particle size was less than 25 nm, the capacitive reactance arc radius of high frequency region was the minimum, the intersection point value of the curve and the horizontal axis was the minimum and at the low frequency zone, slope was bigger, revealing within a certain scope, the smaller the particle size, the better the conductivity. The results showed that when the particle size was less than 25 nm, the resistance of TiO2@ATO powder was the minimum, the electrical conductivity was the best. This result was in accordance with the resistivity measured by electrical resistivity device.
  • Adsorption of boron in aqueous solutions by Mg/Al layered double oxides
    LI Xiaoyan, LIU Yibao, ZHANG Weimin, ZHANG Ming, LI Xun, YANG Bo, HUA Rong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2020-2025. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.005
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    Mg-Al layered double hydroxides was synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method. Mg/Al layered double oxides (Mg/Al-LDO) was prepared by calcination of Mg-Al layered double hydroxides and characterized by SEM. Removal of boron by Mg/Al-LDO was investigated under the effect of pH of solution, Mg/Al-LDO dosages, contact time and adsorption temperature. The results showed that Mg/Al-LDO has very good adsorption capacity on boron in simulated wastewater. When pH of solution is 9.5, the dosage of Mg/Al-LDO is 0.2 g, initial boron concentration is 100 mg/L, the contact time is 100 min at 303 K, the removal rate and adsorption capacity reached 94.47% and 47.24 mg/g, respectively. Experimental isotherm data were well described by Langmuir model, indicating that the adsorption of boron mainly occurs in active region on the surface of Mg/Al-LD and belongs to saturated monolayer of adsorptive molecules.
    • Review & Advance
  • Research progress on preparation of polyacrylonitrile fiber by electrostatic spinning method and its application in electrochemical supercapacitor
    CHEN Jiankang, JIANG Qi, CHEN Zi, JIANG Xue, JIANG Li, LU Xiaoying
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2026-2032. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.006
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    In this paper, the research progress on preparation of polyacrylonitrile fiber by electrostatic spinning method and its application in electrochemical supercapacitor was summarized. According to the morphology and composition of the obtained materials, the obtained materials have be divided into three kinds, porous carbon nanofibers based on PAN, doped carbon nanofibers based PAN and carbon nanofiber composite based PAN. This paper focuses on how to carry out the works of pore forming, doping and compounding on the PAN fibers with different methods and thus how to enhance their electrochemical energy storage performances. And at the same time, the improvement directions are brought out based on the discussion in detail on the advantages and disadvantages of the methods mentioned above.
  • Progress of phosphorus-based anode materials in ion batteries
    ZENG Yan, WANG Liyuan, ZHU Ting, WANG Wei, XU Zhiwei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2033-2040. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.007
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    Phosphorus with advantages of super-high specific capacity and high-rate performance is considered as a promising anode material of ion batteries. In recent years, the studies of ion batteries have made a substantial progress and the related research system have been enriched, including the lithium-ion system and the sodium ion system. The current research of phosphorus-based anode materials is reviewed in detail with emphasis on research progress and electrochemical properties of elemental phosphorus, phosphorus/carbon composites, metal phosphide as anode materials. The characteristics and main problems of the phosphorus-based anode material are also analyzed in this paper. It proposes that amorphous coating and the crystallization process are the best way to solve the problem. Effect caused by electrolyte additive FEC on the electrochemical performance of phosphorus anode materials is briefly introduced. Finally, the development prospect of phosphorus anode materials in the future is also forecasted.
  • Progress in metalloporphyrins immobilized on silica series in heterogeneousbiomimetic catalysis processes
    WANG Qiying, LIU Zili, ZOU Hanbo, ZUO Jianliang, WU Junrong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2041-2047. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.008
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    Biomimetic catalytic oxidation using metalloporphyrins as catalysts is a new green process for catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons. The heterogeneous catalytic processes with metalloporphyrins immobilization can solve the problems that result from homogeneous processes,such as catalyst deactivation due to the oxidative decomposition and dimerization of the metalloporphyrins. Furthermore,metalloporphyrins immobilization can help catalyst recycling. A review was provided in this paper about metalloporphyrins catalysts with silica and modified silica as support. Pure or modified silica gels,mesoporous silica,silica prepared by the sol-gel method,and core-shell magnetic particles covered with silica as matrixes were described in detail. Interactions between active component and the support,such as covalent binding,coordinative binding,ionic interactions,and entrapment were discussed. The sol-gel process to construct hybrid organic-inorganic catalytic materials,and the core-shell magnetic particles covered with silica as hopeful catalyst supports were prospected.
  • Clinical study progress of PMMA-based bone cement
    LIANG Peiqing, QUAN Changyun, KANG Ting, CHE Youlu, TANG Yong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2048-2054. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.009
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    It is emergency to develop a bioactive PMMA-based bone cement, which can prolong the implantation time and avoid the second surgery, along with the rapid development of percutaneous vertebroplasty on the vertebral fractures caused by osteoporosis in our aging population. In this article, the mechanical property and bioactivity of PMMA-based cement incorporated with bioactive materials such as hydroxylapatite, calcium phosphate, bioceramics were investigated for clinical application.
  • Progress of the one-step solution method in organic metal halide perovskite fabrication
    ZHANG Linxing, ZHAO Hongfei, NIU Fangfang, ZENG Pengju, LIAN Jiarong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2055-2062. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.010
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    The organic-metal halide perovskite solar cells are showing their great commercial potential due to their excellent power conversion ability and low cost fabrication. Up to date, their power conversion efficiency has been boosted to more than 22% profiting from the sharply improved perovskite film morphology. The one-step solution fabrication that is easy going for massive production, is playing a key role in the development of perovskite solar cells. Herein we first made a brief introduction about the fabrication method for perovskite film, then stressed on analyzing the four strategies to improve the film morphology in one-step solution method, and summarizing their recent advancement, finally forecasted the further development in this field based on the present challenging they are facing.
  • Research progress of preparation of porous carbon materials by mineral template method
    LI Aijun, CHUAN Xiuyun, CAO Xi, HUANG Dubin, SU Shuangqing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2063-2070. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.011
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    Template method is considered as a simple method of synthesis of porous carbon compared with the traditional synthesis method in terms of pore size control. Natural mineral has provided the ideal template for the preparation of porous carbon materials with micron and nanometer channel structure, richness in resources and low prices. The properties of mineral templates are introduced, as well as research progress of synthesis of porous carbon materials using mineral as template. Problems existed in process of preparation of porous carbon materials and their development prospect are also discussed.
    • Research & Development
  • Synthesis of a novel terpolymer and option of its optimal conditions
    YU Rong, LU Peining, YAN Cheng, MA Zhixiang, HE Leigang, ZHAO Dan, LIU Yuanbo
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2071-2073. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.012
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    With maleic anhydride (MA), acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HAMA) as the monomer,sodium bisulfite ammonium persulfate as initiator, a novel terpolymer scale inhibitor was synthesized though aqueous radical polymerization, orthogonal experiment on factors affecting the scale properties of the copolymer were optimized ,the optimal condition is determined. By the static experiment method ,the performance of terpolymer scale inhibitor is evaluted. When the copolymer dosage was 4 mg/L, the scale inhibiting rate for CaCO3 was best,reaching 93.72%. The copolymers was analyzed with infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope, it containing carboxyl,ester, amide and sulfonic acid , and the specific surface area made dispersion and agglomeration inhibiting CaCO3 precipitate easy.
  • Fabrication and composite oil-water separation performance for superhydrophobic sponge and silica powder
    ZHU Qing, LIU Huihui, XIAO Chun, LUO Guan, LI Shangbin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2074-2079. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.013
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    Two forms of superhydrophobic materials, superhydrophobic polyurethane sponges and superhydrophobic silica powder, were both prepared by one step reaction based with hydrolysis and cross-linked tetraethyl orthosilioate (TEOS) and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane in solution. The morphology and functional groups of the surface were characterized by SEM and FT-IR and the mechanism of superhydrophobicity was analyzed as well. The pretreatment for sponges produces hydrophilic group —OH in the surfaces which provided anchors for immobilization of silica particles. The immobilized particles on the sponge's surface increased the roughness of skeleton of sponges. The cross-linked hexadecyltrimethyloxysilane provided long-chain alkyl for low surface energy. Hierarchical structure and low surface energy on the surface of sponges resulted special wettability. The contact angles investigated for special wettability showed that the prepared materials were both superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. Furthermore, diameters of the prepared superhydrophobic silica particles could be controlled from nanoscale to microscale under different catalyst concentrations in reacted solution. The two forms of superhydrophobic materials could be satisfied various needs in different environment for oil-water separations. The porous superhydrophobic sponge absorbed amount of oils from water surface in large area except in scattered region. Some oils which could not be cleaned by superhydrophobic sponges still leaved on water surface. However, the problem could be solved well by superhydrophobic silica powder which reached anywhere and absorbed residual oils on water surface. The two forms of superhydrophobic materials were used simultaneously and performed excellent in oil-water separation.
  • Microstructure and magnetic properties of Cu/Co bilayer films
    LIU Hongliang, CHEN Leng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2080-2083. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.014
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    The surface morphology and microstructure of Cu/Co bilayer films with different thickness were investigated by atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the hysteresis loops of Cu/Co bilayer films were measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results reveal that the surface of the films was composed of uniform islands. As Co films thickness increased, the height of islands increased while parts of them merged and grew up. Only fcc Co films obtained at the thickness of 5 and 15 nm, but fcc and hcp coexisted while Co films grew up to 30 nm. Further investigation shows that coercive force, saturation magnetization and squareness of hysteresis loops increased with the deposition of Co films.
  • Reduced thermal conductivity for possible thermal buffer coating application in aero engine turbine blade
    LI Lei, DUAN Li, QIN Gehua, MA Dechuan, WANG Yunsheng, TAO Wenzhong, CHEN Shangrong, LU Xueliang, LIU Min, ZHANG Yafei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2084-2090. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.015
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    The thermal barrier coating (TBC) used for aero engine turbine blade requires a low thermal conductivity layer to buffer the surface heat wave into the base super alloys. Since air has a nearly lowest thermal conductivity, adding the air or increase the porosity would improve the thermal buffering effect. In this paper this principle was demonstrated by using the deep trenched silicon wafer with ICP deep trench etching technique, by ionized porous Ti surface, by foamed copper and foamed nickel and by porous YSZ TBC film. SEM, AFM and thermal conductivity measurements were used to characterize the morphology and thermal insulating properties. Computer simulation was also conducted to analyze the thermal conducting properties using the porous structure in the thermal buffer structure.
  • Investigation on monocrystalline silicon quickly phosphorus diffusion
    KONG Fandi, CHEN Nuofu, TAO Quanli, HE Kai, WANG Congjie, WEI Lishuai, BAI Yiming, CHEN Jikun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2091-2095. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.016
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    It takes long time to diffuse phosphorus into crystalline silicon by conventional method, and it is a high-energy progress. But it can be achieved in tens of seconds by using rapid thermal progress (RTP). This method has a prosperity prospect. In this paper, phosphorus diffusion into p-type monocrystalline silicon wafer was carried out by using the strategy combined phosphorus paper with rapid thermal progress. Then the p-n junction depth was explored by using angle lapping and staining technique in order to obtain the best diffusion temperature and time. Finally, the diffusion coefficient and diffusion activation energy of phosphorus in silicon by RTP were calculated, and the reason of difference between RTP and conventional method was analyzed.
  • Study on structure and hemostatic property of mesoporous bioglass/silk fibroin composite sponge
    LI Jingjing, ZHU Hailin, LEI Caihong, CHEN Jianyong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2096-2101. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.017
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    The mesoporous bioglass/silk fibroin (M58S/SF) composite sponge was prepared by freeze-drying method. The morphology and structure of the composite sponge was characterized by TEM, FESEM, etc. The hemostatic property and cytotoxicity of the composite sponge were measured by in vitro coagulation method, rat liver injury model and in vitro cytotoxicity experiments. TEM images verified a highly ordered nano channel structure in M58S. The BET surface area and pore size of M58S were calculated to be 400 m2/g and 7.3 nm, respectively. FESEM images showed that the micromorphology of composite sponge were porous gully shape. The porosity of the composite sponge was more than 80%. APTT and PT measurements reflected that the composite sponge mainly activated the intrinsic pathway of coagulation cascade. The result of murine hepatic injury model showed that the hemostatic effect of the composite sponge was better than that of gelatin sponge when the content of M58S was more than 15%. In this study, the M58S/SF composite sponge may be a potential biomaterial for rapid hemostasis.
  • Fabricated nano-TS/Au catalysts via high soluble oxidized starch and their performance in propylene epoxidation
    ZHANG Shuidong, LIN Zesheng, HUANG Jiale, HUANG Hanxiong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2102-2106. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.018
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    Oxidized starch (OST) with high carboxyl contents (CC) ranging from 18.9% to 42.1% were prepared by H2O2 depending on the H2O2/starch molar ratios. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) was fabricated via OST with 42.1% CC (OST42.1) reducing the chloroauric acid,respectively,then Au NPs was embedded into the Titanium silicalite (TS). The effects of preparation conditions on the catalytic performance of propylene epoxidation were evaluated. Both structure and soluble performance of OST were studied. TS/Au was characterized by UV-Vis,TEM,XRD and BET. Furthermore,effect of TS/Au catalyzed the propylene epoxidation was assessed to explore the relationship between the structure and performance of the catalysts. The results showed that when the concentration of OST42.1 increased from 20 g/L to 40 g/L,the diameter of Au NPs presented a trend that first decreased and then increased. When concentration of OST42.1 was 20 g/L,Au NPs could achieve 0.5% with 1.8 nm averaged diameter. BET surface area (SBET) and adsorption pore volume (Vp) of TS/Au-20 (fabricated by 20 g/L OST42.1) was 353.01 m2/g and 0.293 cm3/g, respectively. When this most active catalyst was employed,conversion rate,H2 efficiency and PO selectivity was 18.5%,31.3% and 68%,respectively. OST42.1 exhibited better solubility property and lower viscosity in water,which was easy to control the structure and morphology of Au NPs. As a result,the size of Au NPs decreased and Au NPs content increased,which were attributed to improving conversion rate and the selectivity of propylene epoxidation significantly. The results revealed that TS/Au catalyst prepared by OST42.1 had a potential application in propylene epoxidation.
  • Controlled synthesis, optical and electric performances of flexible transparent silver nanowire conductive films
    QIAN Xiaoli, ZHANG Huan, WANG Wentao, LIAO Jingwen, PENG Haiyan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2107-2111. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.019
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    It is urgently needed to develop novel flexible transparent conductive thin films with high transparency and low sheet resistance as the flexible electronics grows rapidly. Herein, silver nanowires were firstly synthesized through reduction of silver nitrate by ethylene glycol in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The nanowire diameter and length were finely tuned by adding ferric chloride (FeCl3), thus uniform silver nanowires with a diameter of 100 nm and length of 47 μm could be obtained. Then, silver conductive thin films were formed by depositing silver nanowires on the poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films. The effects of deposition density and nanowire diameter on the film transmittance and sheet resistance were investigated. It was indicated that when the deposition density increased, both transparence and sheet resistance decreased, but the Figure of Merit (F.O.M) for these films increased, which could up to a maximum of 410. The conductive films based on the silver nanowires with diameters of 35 and 70 nm afforded a relatively low sheet resistance of 132 Ω/□ at the transparency of 80%. In addition, the conductive films showed good electrical and mechanical bending resistance.
  • Influence of water content of melamine-formaldehyde resin on the foam microstructure
    WEI Qingqing, SUN Jie, QIAN Kun, YU Kejing, LU Xuefeng, LI Huaqiang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2112-2116. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.020
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    Melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin with different water content was prepared by controlling the time during the process of vacuum distillation. Then, the foam samples were produced under the same processing conditions with the same mass ratio of MF condensate and blowing promoters. The resin was characterized by solid content test, gelation time test and rheological test. The results showed that the lower the water content (WC) is, the higher the solid content (SC) would be. And the curing process was accelerated due to the more reactive resin. In addition, the apparent density of the foam sample was higher. SEM results showed that the cell size became smaller and the distribution of cell was more homogenous when the WC of MF resin decreased. Moreover, the WC of resin also had an influence on the micro-structure of foam skeletons. According to the cross-section of foam skeleton, the lower the WC was, the larger number of micro-voids could be.
  • Preparation and properties of Sm-TiO2 photocatalyst for degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation
    PENG Fuchang, GAO Honglin, LIU Qingju
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2117-2121. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.021
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    The nano-TiO2 photocatalysts doped Sm was synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, XPS, UV-Vis-DRS, PL and nano-sizer nano particle size analyzer, etc. The photocatalytic activity of Sm-TiO2 with different doping dosage was evaluated by their ability to degrade methylene blue (MB) under the irradiation of fluorescent lamp. The results show that lattice strain caused by substitution of Sm promote the formation of rutile phase, but Sm species located crystal boundary and surface can restrain the phase transition from anatase to rutile and refine grain. Appropriate doping amount of Sm can broaden the absorption region to visible light, inhibit the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and enhance the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of the sample at pH=1.5, molar ratio of n(Sm)∶n(Ti)=0.006 and sintered temperature of 500 ℃ is the best under the irradiation of fluorescent light, the first-order apparent rate constants increased by about 4 times than that of pure TiO2 under the same experimental conditions.
  • Study on the preparation of TiO2 nanofibers and the composition of ZnIn2S4/TiO2
    CHEN Shunsheng, YU Jiaguo, LI Shaozhen, WANG Tongtong, XIONG Liangbin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2122-2128. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.022
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    TiO2 nanofibers are prepared successfully by electrospinning method, and we explore the process of heterogeneous composite of TiO2 and ZnIn2S4. It finds that the granular ZnIn2S4 is cubic structure and these nanoparticles ZnIn2S4 can grow evenly over the surface of the TiO2 nanofibers when using the indium nitrate as indium source, cysteine as sulfur source and the deionized water as solvent; however, the globular ZnIn2S4 with flakes is hexagonal structure, and these ZnIn2S4 flower-flakes grow also well on the surface of TiO2 nanometer fibers when we alter the indium source of indium nitrate as indium chloride. Further study indicates that the optimal molar ratio of ZnIn2S4 and TiO2 is 10%, and no additional ZnIn2S4 with flower ball appears.
  • Molecular dynamic study of conformation and binding strength of dendrimer-gold complex systems
    ZHANG Yao, XU Jingcheng, LIU Yi, ZHANG Fada, PAN Deng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2129-2134. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.023
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    Three different sizes of ligands have been employed to build PAMAM dendrimer-gold complex systems via PAMAM dendrimer entrapping. Classical molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to systematically investigate interactions between PAMAM dendrimers and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), which were initially encapsulated inside PEG-cored PAMAM dendrimers. In particular, effects of sizes and surface PEGylation functionalization of PAMAM dendrimers as well as the number and sizes of Au NPs are investigated to explore energetic stabilities and diffusion behaviors of the complex systems. Results show that surface PEGylation helps PAMAM dendrimers to carry more Au NPs with greater strength without considerable volumetric expansion. This study is of great significance for exploring the new multifunction contrast media in the field of biomedicine application.
  • Study on the effect of nano-CeO2 on the leaching behaviors of heavy metal in lead-zinc mine tailings
    XU Yali, CHEN Feiyun, WU Qiuping, YU Yan, LIN Yuanbiao, LIN Jin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2135-2139. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.024
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    Lead and zinc mine tailings contain a variety of heavy metals, which may leach in certain circumstances and cause serious pollutions. In this work, we investigated the basic characteristics of lead-zinc tailings such as gangue minerals, chemical composition, heavy metal, organic matter content and pH. Based on these results, the leaching behaviors of heavy metal under different pH with and without nano-CeO2 used as adsorbent of heavy metal were researched. The optimal amount of nano-CeO2 and the effects of pH on the adsorption were also studied carefully. It is evident that the dissolution capacity of heavy metal is decreased with the increase of pH. The optimal dosage of nano-CeO2 is 0.5wt% mine tailings. Furthermore, when the pH is in the range of 5-8, nano-CeO2 exhibits high adsorption rate of heavy metal. In this regard, this work provides a solution for reducing the pollution of lead and zinc tailings.
  • Research on microstructure and low temperature performance of modified asphalt
    HAN Jiwei, CUI Yanan, LI Zhen, ZHAO Lin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2140-2143. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.025
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    The infrared spectroscopy (IR), atomic force microscope (AFM) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) were used to study microstructure and low temperature performance of three asphalts (matrix asphalt, SBS modified asphalt and rubber powder modified asphalt), and the modified mechanism were analysised. The results showed that modifier can be evenly mixed with asphalt by both physical blending and chemical reaction form an integrated structure. This structure can adsorb light components of asphalt commendably so that the viscosity of asphalt was increased. BBR test results showed that the low temperature performance of modified asphalt was better than matrix asphalt, and it has different applicable temperature range for different kinds of asphalt, so it can provide the selection basis for the asphalt type in cold area road construction.
  • Study on structure and properties of copper films deposited by DC pulsed magnetron sputtering
    TAN Shuyong, ZHANG Xuhai, ZHU Di, CHEN Jian, JIANG Jianqing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2144-2148. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.026
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    Copper films were prepared by DC pulsed magnetron sputtering. The film phase structure was analyzed using X-ray diffraction and the film morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The hardness, elastic modulus, and contact stiffness of Cu films were calculated based on nanoindentation load-displacement curve. The film hardness was also tested by microhardness tester. Thus, effects of sputtering power and bias on the structure and mechanical properties of copper films were investigated systematically. The results show that the mechanical property calculation of thin films through the nanoindentation load-displacement curves is reliable. With the increase of sputtering power the copper film always presents no preferential growth, and the elastic modulus and contact stiffness are almost unchanged, but the hardness decreases slightly. However, the copper film presents obvious preferred orientation of (111) with increasing bias, and all of the contact stiffness, elastic modulus and hardness decrease.
  • Study on fabrication and properties of in-situ ZrB2p/6063Al composites
    MAO Zemin, ZHAO Yutao, KAI Xizhou, SUN Xiafei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2149-2152. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.027
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    In-situ nano ZrB2/6063Al composites were synthesized using Na2B4O7 instead of KBF4 by two-step procedure Method under high intensity ultrasonic field in 6063Al-Na2B4O7-K2ZrF6 system.The process reduces the dosage of fluoride salt,at the same time B elements absorption rate improves.The phase composition and microstructure of the composite were investigated by XRD and SEM,and the mechanical properties were studied by electronic tensile test machine.The results indicate that the ZrB2 particulates present polygon,which disperse in the grain boundary chiefly.While the ultrasonic filed is introduced,particles are refined and the size ranges from 30 to 90 nm.Comparing with the martix,the prepared nano composite has a good elongation as well as the strength.With the increase of volume fraction,the tensile strength of the composite increases first and then decreases(the highest tensile strength of the composite is 190 MPa ),and the ductility presents decreased trend.The observation of fracture surface of the composite shows that large dimples consist on the section and the fracture mechanism is plastic fracture.
  • Dielectric and microwave absorption properties of SiC ceramics derived from pre-oxidized polycarbosilane precursor
    SHI Yimin, LUO Fa, DING Donghai, ZHOU Wancheng, ZHU Dongmei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2153-2157. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.028
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    SiC ceramics were obtained by pyrolyzing oxidation cured polycarbosilane (PCS) from 800 to 1 200 ℃ in vacuum. The oxidation curing PCS powders at different temperature and pyrolysis product were characterized by FT-IR and Raman spectrum, respectively. The dielectric properties of SiC ceramics are investigated by measuring their complex permittivity using rectangle wave guide method in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz, and the reflection loss of samples were calculated based on the transmission line theory. The results show that Si—H and Si—CH3 groups are oxidized to form Si—OH bonds during the oxidation curing process. The order of free carbon increases with the increase of pyrolysis temperature, which can contribute to the increasing of the real and imaginary parts of permittivity of SiC ceramics. When the sample thickness is 3.5 mm, the peak value of SiC ceramics derived from PCS after cured at 170 ℃ and pyrolyzed at 1 200 ℃ is -18 dB, and the reflection loss exceeded -10 dB in the whole frequency,which exhibits best absorbing performance.
  • Synthesis of CZTS nano powder materials and performance characterization
    MIAO Yanmei, LIU Ying, HAO Ruiting, GUO Jie, YANG Haigang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2158-2161. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.029
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    Cu2ZnSnS4 nano powder materials were prepared by the solid state reaction method. The composition ratios and phase structures of the powder samples were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro Raman spectroscopy, the morphology and optical properties were characterized by TEM and UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The results show that the XRD diffraction peaks of the samples are one-to-one correspondence to the peaks of the JCPDS card 26-0575, which proves that the samples contain CZTS phase at different sintering temperatures. It shows a pure CZTS phase while the sintering temperature is above 500 ℃. The diffraction intensity and the grain size of CZTS powders are affected by the sintering temperature. The atomic ratios Cu/(Zn+Sn) are close to 1, consistent with the stoichiometric composition. Besides, it has nothing to do with the sintering temperature that the sample is copper rich or poor copper, which is mainly caused by the random error of the experiment. The atomic ratios Zn/Sn are approximately equal to 1, and the Zn/Sn values decrease with the increase of the sintering temperature. Besides,As-obtained CZTS powders have obvious absorption in the visible region, and the band gap was derived by extension method , is about 1.51 eV. This material can be used to suppress the CZTS target, which lays the foundation for depositing the CZTS film by magnetron sputtering technique.
  • Influence of clamping effect on magenetoelectric effect of magnetoelectric laminated composites
    YANG Chao, ZHANG Tianjin, LIANG Kun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2162-2165. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.030
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    In this article, magnetoelectric laminated composites, including Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D (T/P/T), Terfenol-D/PZT (T/P) and Terdenol-D/PZT/Glass (T/P/G) were fabricated and the clamping effect on vibration mode and magnetoelectric effect of which were investigated. The results show that there is only length vibration mode for symmetry structure whereas asymmetric one has bend mode and length mode concurrently. Clamping effect can drive the resonate frequency of these two vibration modes toward high frequency and enhance the intensity of first-order bend vibration mode at low resonance frequency. The maximum magnetoelectric coefficient of T/P/G can reach 0.89 V/(cm·Oe) under quasi-static frequency. At low frequency, the bend vibration mode is the dominant one between the two vibration modes and clamping effect can restrict the length vibration mode significantly. Hence, there is an enhancement of the total magnetoelectric effect because the two vibration modes have inverse effect on it, which is of significance for the application of magnetoelectric devices at low frequency.
  • Study on microstructure of MgO cement-based materials
    LI Weiwei, CHEN Changli, LEI Ping, YANG Huashan, FENG Yilin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2166-2171. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.031
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    In order to prompt the application of MgO concrete, the microstructure of MgO cement-based materials autoclave-treated has been studied by mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscope. The results show that the pore structure of all specimens was improved with adequate MgO content no matter what kind of cement-based materials. However, the pore structure of specimens was deteriorated and the microstructure emerged cracks when the MgO content exceeds the ultimate content. By using fly ash, the pore structure of MgO cement mortar specimens was optimized and the microstructure became denser. The expansion deformation regularity of MgO cement-based materials was not changed with fly ash. Owing to the over expansion of MgO, the pore structure of specimens was still damaged when the MgO content exceeds the ultimate content.
    • Process & Technology
  • Synthesis and luminescent properties of (Sr0.98-xMx)Al2O4 (M=Ba,Ca)∶0.02Eu3+,yG(G=Li+,Na+,K+) red phosphor
    YAN Fengyun, LIU Lan, XIA Xinjun, HE Ling
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2172-2176. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.032
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    SrAl2O4∶Eu3+red phosphor was prepared by chemical co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction(XRD),photoluminescence measurement system (PL) were used to research the phosphors' properties of adding auxiliary activator and changing the content of matrix elements.The results showed that Li+, Na+ and K+ used as the auxiliary activator,the luminescence intensity of Li+ was the best. Changing the amount of Li+ ,when the amount of Li+ was 0.04 mol,the intensity was the best. Changing the content of Sr2+in the powder , the emission peak of the phosphor was “blue shift” when Ba2+ was added and the emission peak of the phosphor was “red shift” when Ca2+was added.
  • Ti4O7 material from Zr reduction method and their electro-catalytic treatment of 2, 4-diaminotoluene wastewater
    TIAN Man, LI Xueming, HE Hongyun, GUO Xiaogang, YANG Wenjing, SU Deshui, SHAO Fang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2177-2181. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.033
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    The electric catalytic material Ti4O7 was prepared by Zr reducing anatase TiO2 in high temperature. The compositions and morphologies of sample were characterized by XRD and SEM techniques. The results showed that the relatively pure Ti4O7 can be obtained when reaction temperature was 1 050 ℃, reaction time was 8h and the molar ratio of Zr∶TiO2 was 1∶3, in Ar atmosphere, respectively. Moreover, the 2, 4-diaminotoluene (TDA) wastewater was treated by electrolysis, using the self-made Ti4O7/Ti electrode as anode and Pt electrode as cathode, and the current was controlled at 0.3 A,the current density was 0.15 A/cm2. The results showed that the Ti4O7/Ti electrode has the certain catalysis for the TDA wastewater. The removal rate of TDA wastewater and COD can reach 62% and 40.3%, when reaction time was 180 min.
  • Gas sensing properties of SnO2-MWCNTs film prepared by electrostatic-enhanced ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
    TAO Qiang, WANG Rui, WANG Wei, XU Lei, WANG Chunhong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2182-2186. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.034
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    Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified with oxygen plasma. And as-prepared MWCNTs was ultrasonic dispersed in tin tetrachloride solution. SnO2-MWCNTs film was prepared by Electrostatic-enhanced ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The relationship between the deposition temperature and MWCNTs doping concentration was researched.The results of Raman spectra showed that sp3 hybridization C contents increase in the MWCNTs , reflecting the MWCNTs surface grafted oxygen-containing functional groups.The film morphology were characterized by Field emission scanning electron microscopy and Atomic force microscopy, showing that with deposition temperature and MWCNTs doping concentration increasing, the film porosity and uniform rate increased. X-ray diffraction results showed that all SnCl4·5H2O transform into SnO2, and its crystallite size is about 3nm. Gas sensing performance test results showed the optimal condition is 300 ℃, the amount of doped MWCNTs is 10 mg/mL.
  • Influence of nano-TiO2 on early hydration of sulfur aluminate cement
    MA Baoguo, LIU Xiaohai, MEI Junpeng, LI Hainan, JIANG Wenbin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2187-2191. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.035
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    This paper studied the influence of nano-TiO2 on setting time, early hydration process and hydration products of sulfur aluminate cement (SAC) through Vicat apparatus, isothermal calorimetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and so on. The results showed that nano-TiO2 could significantly improve the early setting and hardening process of SAC and reduce the time interval between the initial setting and the final setting, meaning that the hydration induction period was significantly shortened. The rapid acceleration reached in advance, but there was no significant effect on the rate of hydration heat during stable hydration period. Nano-TiO2 influenced the crystal formation rate and the degree of crystallinity, but it did not change the type of the hydration process. In addition, the structure of hydration products with nano-TiO2 was compact, and its content and microstructure changed to some degree.
  • Study on the technology of combined seal of magnetic fluid seal and mechanical seal
    ZHU Shanshan, LI Decai, WANG Zhisen, YANG Xiaoxue
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2192-2196. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.036
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    In order to improve the capacity in the magnetic fluid seal for sealing liquid, a kind of combined seal of magnetic fluid seal and mechanical seal was designed. But the performance of increasing saturation magnetization and magnetic field strength was not good. It mainly introduced the pressure-resistant capacity of combined seal of magnetic fluid seal and mechanical seal in this paper and verifies the pressure-resistant capacity of combined seal is better than the independent magnetic fluid seal both in the static seal and rotary seal for sealing liquid. The test indicated that this kind of combined seal structure had certain practical value. It presented a new type of fluid hydrodynamic combined seal according to the fluid hydrodynamic sealing principle in this paper, which would provide the basis for the structure optimization on combined seal.
  • Ferromagnetic resonance linewidth ΔHω measurement of microwave ferrite by shorted microstrip method
    YANG Ruili, CHEN Fu, NIE Yan, FENG Zekun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2197-2200. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.037
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    A broadband shorted microstrip line measurement method of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) linewidth ΔHω for microwave ferrite is proposed based on transmission line theory. Different from conventional ΔH derived from field width, ΔHω is obtained by sweeping frequency. The effective parameter model is utilized to analyze the changes of the reflection coefficient S11 of microstrip line with and without a sample. By the method mentioned above, the ΔHω =Δω/γ is obtained, where Δω is the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) for the peak in the imaginary part of complex permeability at resonance. Using the designed test fixture, ΔHω of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) material is reported. The effect of thedemagnetizing factors at the resonance frequency is investigated. Meanwhile, the impact of the sample surface imperfections on ΔHω is discussed. Compared to the conventional method, this method is easily operated with high accuracy and the disadvantages of linewidth measurement at low frequency are overcome.
  • Preparation of mesoporous Co3O4 by electrostatic self-assembly
    WANG Yan, CAO Min, XU Xiaowen
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2201-2205. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.038
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    Mesoporous Co3O4 was prepared with the assistance of MoO42- as templating agent at room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and surface area and porosity analyzer (ASAP) were used for characteration of mesoporous Co3O4. It has a high surface area of 127.4 m2/g and a mesoporous structure with an average pore diameter of 3-4 nm. Its catalytic activities were evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange (MO), rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution with H2O2 as oxidizing agent.
  • Synthesis and characterization of PVC-based hollow fiber composite nanofiltration membrane
    LIU Sihua, WANG Zhongyang, SUN Xuechao, WANG Yue, WU Chunrui, LV Xiaolong, JIAN Xigao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2206-2210. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.039
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    A PVC-based hollow fiber composite nanofiltration (NF) membrane was fabricated via interfacial polymerization of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). The effects of preparation conditions (concentration of the monomers, flow rate of purge gas and sweeping time) on the performance of the hollow fiber NF membranes were studied. When tested at 0.35 MPa, room temperature, the obtained membrane exhibited a MgSO4 rejection of 96.4% and a flux of about 24.1 L/(m2·h).
  • Study on the effect of heat stretching behavior on COC/PETG microvoid shrink film
    DONG Xingguang, ZHOU Shenjie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2211-2214. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.040
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    COC/PETG shrink film with microvoid was manufactured by using single heat stretching process. The film surface morphology, cross section pattern, microvoid structure, film shrink behavior and thermal property were studied by SEM, DSC, Ultraviolet spectrophotometer, shrinkage tester, shrink force tester, electronic tension machine, etc. The result showed that COC/PETG blending system belongs to incompatible system during extrusion process and microvoid structure could be formed during heat stretching process. The shrinkage of COC/PETG blending system under 95 ℃ increased with the decrease of stretching temperature and increase of stretch ratio. The shrink force decreased with the increase of stretching temperature and stretching temperature. When COC/PETG=20wt%/80wt% blending system was stretched under 80 ℃ and 5.0 ratios, microvoid structure with 25% porosity was achieved, stable and 72% high TD shrinkage under 95 ℃ water bath was achieved, over 99% UV light under 200-400 nm wavelength was blocked by the microvoid formed during heat stretching process.
  • Study on antifogging properties of modified polyethylene films
    WEI Lijuan, YANG Fuxin, DU Yunpeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2215-2220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.041
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    Surface modification on polyethylene (PE) resin was carried out with surfactants to fabricate antifogging films. The antifogging polyethylene films with polyethylene wax emulsions (WE1) as a dispersant, homemade antifog masterbatch (YS) and polyglycerol fatty acid ester (PGFE) as antifoggants were prepared by extrusion casting after mixing granulation. The microstructure, antifogging properties, mechanical, optical, air and moisture permeability and thermostability of modified polyethylene films were studied. The results showed that the compatibility among antifogging agents and polyethylene films were good. The modified polyethylene films have excellent obstructing and antifogging performance. With the enhance of the YS, the tensile strength of the film increased, the light transmittance reached 86.22%, tensile strength was 8.63MPa, the elongation at break was 453.31% and the high temperature antifogging periods reached 232h as the contents of YS and PGFE were 2%, respectively. It makes the film have promising application as a kind of antifogging packaging material.
  • Preparation and characterization of modified graphene/polyethylene composite films
    XIAO Dongsheng, ZHENG Yuying, OU Zhongxing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2221-2225. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.042
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    The graphite oxide was prepared from natural graphite by the modified Hummers method. The GO was modified by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) to obtain functionalized graphene oxide (IP-GO), then IP-GO was reduced by using hydrazine hydrate to prepare IP-RGO nanocomposites. The functionalized graphene/PE composite films were subsequently obtained by solution coating method on a coating machine. Structures and properties of the functionalized graphene/PE composite films were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, FE-SEM and digital megger. The results show that isocyanate groups remain on the IP-RGO, while most of the oxygen-containing groups on GO is reduced, and its electrical conductivity is restored. Meanwhile, the prepared IP-RGO are evenly dispersed in PE matrix. Comparing to pure PE, the volume resistivity of IP-RGO/PE composite film is decreased by about seven orders of magnitude when the mass fraction of IP-RGO is 4%, whose antistatic performance improved significantly.
  • Post-buckling numerical simulation of FGM variable cross section column made of ceramic zirconia and metal Ti-6Al-4V
    LI Qinglu, ZHU Zuoquan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2226-2230. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.043
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    Base on Mori-Tanaka scheme of equivalent properties, the post-buckling behaviors of a functionally graded material (FGM) column with variable cross sections under distributed load is considered in this paper. Considering of the geometric equation, physical equation and equilibrium equation of the deformed column, the governing differential equations of post-buckling of a FGM column with variable cross-section subjected to distributed load are established. It is assumed that the properties of the materials along the direction of the column thickness vary in a simple power law. The buckling and buckled behaviors of FGM variable cross-section column made of zirconia and Ti-6Al-4V are obtained by employing the numerical shooting technique. The equilibrium paths as well as the post-buckling configurations of the deformed column with different variable cross-section coefficient and different gradient index are presented. The effects of variable section coefficient and power law index of FGM on the buckling and post-buckling are discussed in details.
  • Synthesis and characterization of hydrogel microparticles based on dextran
    ZHANG Wen, TAO Senlin, SU Hongying, JIA Qingming, SHAN Shaoyun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2231-2235. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.044
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    Microgels based on dextran were prepared by the inverse microemulsion cross-linking technique using Span 80/Tween 80 as mixed-surfactants and cyclohexane as the continuous phase. These hydrogel particles were formed in the water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion system via the reductive amination reaction between the oxidized dextran (Dex-CHO) and ethylenediamine at room temperature. Effect of the composition of the mixed emulsifier (or HLB value) on the size of the microgels was studied. SEM and DLS measurement showed that the particle size of the resulted microgel was controllable by modulating the composition of the mixed-surfactants (HLB value). When HLB value increased, the particle size of the resulted microgel decreased firstly, then increased, and maintain constantly at last. Dextran-based microgels synthesized using the mixed-surfactant of Span 80/Tween 80 were obviously smaller than that prepared with Span 80. And, dextran microgel with a relatively small diameter of (21.60±1.65) μm and particle size distribution between 15 and 28 μm was prepared as the HLB=5.27 (m(Tween 80)/m(Span 80)=10).
  • Latent heat of melting of Mg-based eutectic alloys as high temperature phase change materials for latent heat storage
    SUN Zheng, CHENG Xiaomin, ZHU Jiaoqun, ZHOU Weibing, LI Yuanyuan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2236-2240. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.045
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    By adding elements of Bi, Sn, Cu, Zn, Ni and Si into Mg matrix, respectively, seven kinds of binary and ternary Mg-based eutectic alloys were prepared for high temperature latent heat thermal storage. The solution model and its two reduced forms were used to calculate the latent heat of melting and the calculated values were verified by comparing the DSC values. The results show that the melting points of Mg-based eutectic alloys fall into the range from 450 to 600 ℃ and the latent heat of melting is approximately 200 kJ/kg. The calculated values from model agree well with the measured results. It is believed that model is convenient and effective for estimating the latent heat of melting of Mg-based multi-component eutectic alloys. Besides, the latent heat can be greatly improved by increasing the proportion of element with high melting entropy and increasing the component of eutectic alloy.
  • Study on nano-TiO2 photocatalytic cement paste with automobile exhaust degradation capacity
    KUANG Yachuan, ZHANG Zhaohuan, JI Xiaoyong, ZHANG Xiaoxing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2241-2246. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.046
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    With irradiation of ultraviolet light, harmful ingredients like CO, HC and NOx in automobile exhaust could be oxidized and converted into harmless ingredients like CO2, H2O, HNO3 and so on by nano-TiO2, so as to implement the purification of air. At first, this paper analyzed photocatalytic mechanism of the nano-TiO2 that degraded automotive exhaust, and then fabrication techniques and technology of nano-TiO2 photocatalytic cement paste were studied. The effect rules that factors like dispersant, dispersion mode, nano-TiO2 doped amount and so on influenced performance of nano-TiO2 photocatalytic cement paste were studied by experiments. Finally, a new evaluation methodology that focused on photocatalytic products of nano-TiO2 photocatalytic cement paste was studied. The photocatalytic cement paste was used in expressway toll station and the photocatalytic degradation performance of automotive exhaust was evaluated. The results showed that nano-TiO2 photocatalytic cement paste had excellent photocatalytic performance and application prospect.
  • Effect of Bi addition on microstructures and mechanical properties of as-extruded AZ61 magnesium alloy
    WU Xia, PAN Fusheng, CHENG Renju, LUO Suqin, DONG Hanwu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(2): 2247-2252. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.02.047
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    The microstructure and mechanical behaviors of as-cast, solid solution and as-extruded AZ61 (Mg-6wt%Al-1wt%Zn) magnesium alloys with different bismuth additions (0-3wt%) were investigated. The results indicated that with the addition of Bi,some flaky and granular Mg3Bi2 phases were observed in the matrix and the crystal grains of as-extruded alloy were refined effectively. The mechanical properties of the as-extruded AZ61 alloys were modified remarkably with bismuth additions and AZ61 alloy with 2%Bi content was found to exhibit better ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of 322.6 and 239.4 MPa, respectively. When the content of Bi is above 2.0% (mass fraction), the amount of Mg3Bi2 phase increased markedly which split the matrix and deteriorated the tensile strength.
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