20 November 2016, Volume 47 Issue S1
    

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    Focuses& Concerns
  • HU Zhongliang, LI Xuefeng, XI Liujiang, HUANG Zhi, CHEN Xianhong, DING Yanhong
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Graphene is of a unique structure and has excellent physical and chemical properties, so it could be a promising material for water treatment. In this paper, the main properties of graphene, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide related to water treatment were introduced, the recent progress for adsorption of heavy metal ions and organic compounds by graphene and its derivatives was reviewed, and the related adsorption mechanisms and the main factors influencing adsorption for the adsorbents were analyzed. The applications of kinds of graphene composites for water treatment were introduced one by one, including magnetic graphene composites, non-magnetic graphene composites, and photocatalytic graphene composites. Finally, the problems and challenges related to the researches on graphene materials for water treatment were analyzed and the trends of this research field were predicted.
  • CHEN Guohong,ZHANG Jian, WANG Ruoming,MIAO Chunhui,ZHENG Zhixiang, TANG Wenming
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    Electrolessplating Ni-P alloy layer can enhance the plating ability of Cu on Al substrate. In this paper, a method for fabricating Al/Cu composite was introduced by electroless plating Ni-P alloy layer followed by electroplating Cu. Planar and cross-sectional morphologies, compositions and formation mechanism of the electrolessplating Ni-P alloy layer and microstructure and electrical properties of the Al/Ni-P/Cu composite were investigated. The results show that Ni-P alloy particles are preferentially deposited on corrosion pits and embossments on Al surface, and gradually a continuous Ni-P alloy film was formed. A uniform and dense Ni-P alloy layer of 5 μm in thickness was deposited on Al substrate after electroless Ni-P alloy plated in the alkali solution for 5 min and the in the acidic solution for 25 min. After electroplating a thick Cu layer of 140 μm in thickness, the Al/Ni-P/Cu composite has an electrical resistivity of 2.92×10-8 Ω·m. After heat treated at 150 ℃ for 360 h, interdiffusion between Al and Cu is not detected, and electrical resistivity of the Al/Ni-P/Cu composite is just 3.04×10-8 Ω·m, indicating that microstructure and electrical resistivity of the composite areextremely steady.
  • YUAN Zhiqing, HUANG Juan, PENG Chaoyi, CHEN Yu, WANG Xian,
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    A superhydrophobic surface with nano-structure was obtained by depositing candle soot on a copper surface. The water contact angle and sliding angle of the as-prepared superhydrophobic surfaces were respectively 160 and 1° under common condition (23±2) ℃. The anti-icing property of the superhydrophobic copper surface was studied. When the samples were transferred to a refrigerator at (-40±10) ℃, the water droplets (50 μL) which dropped from the height of 5 cm to the superhydrophobic copper surface (3 cm×3 cm×2.5 mm) rolled quickly off the surface, which would be frozen on the ordinary copper surface (t=2 s). The water droplets were not frozen before slipping off from the superhydrophobic copper surface result of the shorter roll time than the frozen time (t=50 s). The testing of ice shear stress showed that ice shear stress of common copper surfaces was 4.9 times of the superhydrophobic copper surface. In addition, the ice-water mixtures could slip off the superhydrophobic copper surface when suffered the breeze or slightly tilted 6° at common condition. The results showed that the anti-icing property of the superhydrophobic copper surface was better than the common copper surface.
  • GENG Kuiwei, LUO Long, WANG Jing, ZHENG Xiangzhong
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    In this paper, Introduces the synthesis of flower-like ZnO by hydrothermal method. Research on the concentration of sodium hydroxide’s impact on the structure of flower-like ZnO indicates that synthesis of flower-like ZnO depends on the concentration of sodium hydroxide. The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was assembled using TiO2/ZnO composite filmed photoanodes and current-voltage (J-V) characteristics under illumination of AM1.5 simulated sunlight with a power density of 100 mW/cm2. I-V and EIS curves were analyzed. The results show that, The open circuit voltage (UOC) of TiO2/ZnO composite film photoanode of DSSC is 0.80 V; ISC is 4.65 mA/cm2; η is 2.32%. The performance of TiO2/ZnO composite film photoanode of DSSC are better than that of the pure TiO2.
  • Review & Advance
  • ZHOU Yangyang, WANG Haidou, MA Guozheng, LI Guolu,
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    Compared with traditional coatings, the plasma spray coating of the preparation of nano powder exist a significant advantage in the strength, toughness, wear resistance, thermal barrier and thermal shock etc. This paper firstly introduces the application prospect of nano powder plasma spraying coating, explains three kinds of plasma spraying nano powder preparation method included the liquid phase method,gas phase method and solid phase method and spray drying method of nano powder feeding way. Then this article makes a more detailed discussion in plasma spray coating of nano powder preparation superior wearing resistance,corrosion resistance,thermal shock thermal barrier properties and briefly described the existing problems and development direction in future.
  • LIU Ting, DAN Weihua, DAN Nianhua
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    Collagen-based tissue-engineered skin has become the direction of future development and a hot research area. This article briefly reviews the research progress of tissue-engineered skin. Critical science and technology issues of preparation on collagen-based tissue-engineered skin, such as the method of modifying and pore-creating of collagen, the selection of seed cells and its co-culture with the collagen scaffold, the regeneration of blood vessel and cutaneous appendages will be also indicated in this article.Additionally, the article provides ideas and methods for solving the science and technology problems and offers beneficial lessons to the study of tissue-engineered skin.
  • LIU Guochang, GAO Congjie, GUO Chungang, LI Xiaoming,CHEN Jiangrong,
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    The successful process for preparation of PTFE hollow fiber membrane is known as paste extrusion-stretching. However, the process does not generally provide a membrane having fine pores size and high porosity. The structure control, therefore, has been the main issue among researchers and manufacturers. This article provides an overview of recent progress on microporous structure control related to selection of PTFE fine powder, mechanical operations and post treatment. The effects of PTFE fine powder species, reduction ratio and molecular weight on the preforming were introduced in detail. Subsequently, a series of mechanical operations and process parameters were analyzed as suitable for the preparation of PTFE hollow fiber membrane and changes of microporous structure. About the post treatment process, the surface coating, physical vapor deposition and spiral wrapping techniques would bring a host of salutary effects. It was pointed out the ingredients of PTFE fine powder wasfoundation for getting microporous membrane, the process of mechanical operations was most directly effective approach, and post treatment was the beneficial supplement. Finally, the tendency about microporous structure controlling technology were suggested and forecasted.
  • LI Ze, XU baocai, WANG Jianjiang, CAI Xudong, GAO Haitao
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    The application of radar microwave absorbing materials extremely improve the combat effectiveness and survivability of weapon equipments. Microwave absorbing composite materials can make full use of designing ability of multiple microwave absorbing materials. The advantages of different absorbing materials can be concentrated and the shortcomings of a single material can be overcome. Microwave absorbing materials with the requirements of “thin, light, wide and strong” are expected to obtained. In this paper, the basic types of microwave absorbing composite materials and the preparation process of blend and surface modification microwave absorbing composite materials are overviewed, and the future research is proposed.
  • LU Bingwen, CUI Xiufang, JIN Guo,WANG Haidou, XU Binshi
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    Amorphous Fe-based magnetic coating with excellent soft magnetic properties, corrosion resistance and wear resistance, is a new type of functional material,which has become a hotspot in the field of metal functional materials. The special performance of amorphous Fe-based magnetic coating was introduced. The influence of the electrodeposition conditions on composition, structure and magnetic properties of amorphous Fe-based coating were also reviewed. Finally, the problems existing、improving methods and future direction of amorphous Fe-based coating were put forward.
  • WANG Xue, LIANG Xiaotong, ZHANG Qiang, GU Mengxin, ZHAO Yiping, FENG Xia, CHEN Li
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    chiral separation| separation membrane| resolution mechanism| preparation method
  • ZHANG Xuehui, LI Xiaoxian, ZHANG Biao, WANG Cheng, ZHU Taiheng
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    W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys were widely used in national defense military industry, aerospace, advanced manufacturing industry and other fields due to its excellent properties. Moreover, as the vitamin for industry, the rare earth elements with their unique performance and activity could effectively restrain grain growth, refine grain organization and improve the mechanical properties. Therefore, adding rare earth elements into W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys became one of the important approach and hottest researches. The present paper reviews the domestic and abroad research progress in which reinforcement fine grain tungsten alloys by using the rare earth elements and its oxide, analyzes the existing problems, and looks forward to further improve the performance of alloys in future.
  • GAO Tingting, CHANG Dan, LIU Fengqi, GAO Ge
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    Organic composite hydrogels have been widely applied because of their many unique properties. But the defects of traditional hydrogels in mechanical properties, thermal properties, response rate and biocompatibility and so on, limit their applications as a new material. The use of organic molecules to modify hydrogels has become one of the hot topics in the research field of hydrogels in recent years. This paper reviews the research progress of organic composite hydrogels in recent years and describes material preparation, properties and potential applications, and looks forward to their future development.
  • LI Shuting, WANG Weijing, CHEN Shuhua, WANG Jingchang,LI Mingming, ZHAN Shiping
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    The characteristics and principle on the folate-targeted drug particles are described briefly in this article. It is especially discussed that the different polymers as carrier and preparation methods of the folate-targeted drug loading particles. Aim at the questions of the residual organic solvents, particle size and morphology hard to control and so on in traditional methods, a green and efficient method, supercritical anti-solvent method (SAS) is put forward, and the principles and applications of the method are discussed. Finally new folate-polymer targeted drug loading microspheres that prepared by the supercritical CO2 anti-solvent method are prospected.
  • WU Tuo, PAN Huayan, LUO Dong, CHEN Rubiao, ZHANG Hong, SHEN Ye, LI Yanghui, WANG Le
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    In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles and lanthanum rare earth fluorescent materials have been aroused a wide range of the researchers' interest because of their unique magnetic and fluorescent properties. However, with the development of biological science and technology, materials with single function have failed to meet the needs of experimental research. Therefore, the materials with both magnetic and fluorescent properties have attracted much attention. This paper summarizes the research progress of magnetic-fluorescent, which was about different rare-earth fluorescent host-based nanocomposites, mainly introduced the preparation methods, composite way and performance characterization of the magnetic-fluorescent nanocomposites, which Fe3O4 nanoparticle was used as the magnetic core and lanthanum rare-earth doping nanoparticles were used as the fluorescent shell. The research based on the bifunctional nanoparticles with both magnetic and fluorescent properties, which will play a key role in promoting the development in the field of biological, medical and so on.
  • ResearchandDevelopment
  • LUO Rui,CHENG Xiaonong,XU Guifang,LI Dongsheng,ZHENG Qi,TANG Zhending, YAO Yongquan,ZHANG Yanyan
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    Hot compression tests of alloy 800H were carried out at deformation temperatures of1 000-1 150 ℃ and strain rates of 0.01-1 s-1 by Gleeble-3500 thermo-mechanical simulator. The evolution of microstructure were analyzed combined with the technique of OM, SEM and TEM. The experimental result shows that the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) is more likely to occur at a low strain and high temperature, the DRX nucleation mechanisms of alloy 800H mainly include grain fragmentation, grain boundary and substructure coalescence; a developed hyperbolic sine equation was established which take into account the effect of strain on constitutive equation, then the accuracy of the constitutive equation was verified. Compared with experimental results, the correlation coefficient and average relative error of predicted and measured values are 0.99648 and 2.019%, respectively, indicating that the developed equations can give an accurate estimate of the flow stress for alloy 800H.
  • CHEN Xiaolei,WU Bin,ZHENG Xiangyu,LIANG Zhijie
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    Nano-Al2O3/Ni composite coatings were prepared on 45 steel substrate by using a novel friction spray electroplating system. The surface morphology, microstructure and composition were analyzed by SEM, XRD, EDS and TEM. The mechanical and tribological properties of the composite coatings were also respectively analyzed by HV-1 000 microharness tester and MM200 wear testing machine. The experimental results showed that nano-Al2O3/Ni composite coatings possess smoother, finer and more uniform microstructure. The main peaks (111), (200) were demonstrated by the XRD pattern and average grain size of 20.8 nm was calculated. The cross-section morphology of composite coating exhibited denser microstructure and coating was combined tightly with matrix metal nickel. The results of EDS analysis showed that little nickel is oxidized during the co-deposite process. Due to synergism among friction, spraying and nanoparticles, the composite coating was strengthened by the hard-particles-dispersion intensification, fine-crystal intensification intensification and high density dislocation intensification, and average hardness 676 Hv was obtained. The main wear mechanism of composite coatings was adhesive wear and slight cutting under oil lubrication condition.
  • LEI Ping, ZHENG Xudong, SHANG Shanzhai, YUAN Dalin, HAN Jingmei,WANG Jin, CHEN Yongkuan, TANG Jianguo
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    Aerogel is the current solid material which has the lowest density and thermal conductivity in the world.Aiming at the defects of low strength, poor toughness and destructible nanostructure under the action of external force, the domestic and foreign researchers have been committed to the development of flexible aerogel. In this review, the latest research progresses of flexible aerogel were summarized, and the preparation methods, such as derivation, fiber-reinforced method and polymer complex, were introduced.The prepared flexible aerogel were successfully applied in the fields of thermal insulation, solar celland lithium ion battery. Finally, its application prospect in the future was foretelled.
  • SHEN Zicai,DAI Wei,MA Ziliang
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    The mechanical property and mechanism of polyimide film in near ultraviolet was studied and following results can be obtained: with the increasing of near ultraviolet, the rupture elongation and tensile strength of polyimide decrease firstly and then exponentially increase utile to stable. The breakage and cross linkage of molecular bond is the major cause of change of polyimide’s mechanical property in ultraviolet environments, and breakage of C—O, C—C, C—N is the major origin in early stage of irradiation and cross linkage is for the increase of mechanical property in subsequent ultraviolet irradiation.
  • ZHOU Kuiyuan, LI Qiang, LIU Xuyan, PAN Deng
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    NP-PtNiMo catalysts were fabricated by dealloying method in present study. The surface morphology, composition, phase constitutions, and electrocatalytic properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical measurements, respectively. The electrocatalytic activity of the NP-PtNiMo for methanol electrooxidaion was evaluated characterized by the cyclic voltrametry and chronoamperometry at room temperature. Compared to commercial Pt/C, NP-PtNiMo electrocatalysts exhibit better electrocatalytic performance, better electrocatalytic stability, and more tolerant to CO poisoning.
  • ZHANG Wenqiang, ZHANG Deyuan
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    Amorphous silica porous structure of the disk-shaped diatom shell has the property of large specific surface area and light weight. It is possible to prepare a high-quality functional magnetic particles by combining the high permeability ferrite material with diatom shell. In this paper, according to thermal decomposition principle of iron pentacarbonyl change to iron atoms and carbon monoxide at high temperature, using dropping method and steaming method with N2 carrying, the feasibility of diatom shell particles deposited metal surface iron were explored. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrant sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to make clear their morphology microstructure, chemical composition, crystal structure, and magnetostatic characteristic. Experimental results showed that the magnetic functional of diatom shell by thermal decomposition limited forming method of iron pentacarbonyl could be achieved. Moreover, the uniformly iron coated magnetic particles were fabricated by steaming method with N2 carrying with the saturation magnetization Ms at 118 A·m2/kg and coercive force Hc at 2.39×104 A/m.
  • HU Xuan,JI Xiaoyu,SHAO Changwei,WANG Jun,WANG Hao
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    Amorphous silicon nitride fibers were prepared by nitridation of polycarbosilane fiber, and their composition, structure and properties were characterized using popular methods. KD-SN fiber was produced by National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), given near chemical stoichiometric composition of Si3N4 with traces oxygen and carbon. The volume density and linear density were 2.3 g/cm3 and 280 tex respectively. The dielectric constant was 6-8 and the tanδ was 0.01-0.08. The tensile strength and modulus of elasticity were 1.5 and 140 GPa respectively. The high temperature tests were taken in the nitrogen atmosphere at 1 300, 1 350, 1 400 and 1450 ℃ with a holding time of 1 h. The tensile strength was kept above 90% of the original fiber. Over 1 350 ℃, the tensile strength and modulus decreased sharply, even though the composition changed little. The fibers could keep their amorphous state before 1 450 ℃ but nanopores’ volume was increased significantly. Overall, the KD-SN silicon nitride fiber offers a promising choice for high temperature ceramic matrix composites.
  • XIAO Weiyi,GUAN Panpan,WANG Duo
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    The composite FO membrane was prepared through interfacial polymerization withm-xylylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride supported by PSf membrane. In this paper, the studies were focused on preparation and characterization of the FO composite membrane.The optimized parameters forcomposite FO membrane were 16%PSf, 6%PVP, 60 s evaporation time, 40 ℃ water bath and 0.5%m-XDA, 0.05% TMC, 120 s reaction time. When deionized water is served as feed solution and 1 mol/L NaCl as draw solution, thewater flux of the FO composite membrane can reach to 17.5 L/(m2·h) and the solute reverses diffusion flux is 1.7 mol/(m2·h), the membrane rejection of NaCl is about 90%.In the HA simulated solution, the water flux of composite FO membranewas decreased. After a further contrast of pH=5.5 and pH=8.0, a fact was confirmed that lower pH value accompanies with more severe pollution. Studieson chlorine resistance of the composite FO membrane was shown that the chlorine resistance capacity of the composite FO membrane was up to 2 000 ppmh.
  • JI Xiangbo, JING Wei, KANG Bin, ZHU Mingshui
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    Nd∶YAG ceramics were prepared by sintered the green body contained Y2O3, Al2O3 and Nd2O3 powders. The effect of sintering aid of MgO and TEOS on the microstructure and laser output were studied. The results show that much pores were observed on the grain boundary of sintered ceramics without sintering aids. Obviously, the addition of 0.1% MgO as sintering aid to Nd∶YAG inhibits the grain growth during sintering and allows the sintering process to proceed to theoretical density. MgO is segregated as solute at the grain boundaries where it then exerts a drag on grain-boundary motion. The TEOS addition plays a benefic role in the grain growth. The Nd∶YAG ceramics with 83.1% transparence and 1.4 W laser output was prepared by controlled the sintering aid and hold time.
  • CHEN Fuqiang, HUANG Hong, SU Jiahui,LIU Xiaoxuan
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    Novel branched unsaturated polyester resin was synthesized by the polyhydric alcohols partly instead of traditional dihydric alcohol with two-step loading, and blocking with acrylic ester (with photosensitive double bond). The resin was characterized by FT-IR spectrum and GPC. Through a set of orthogonal optimum experiments, we had got the best performance of the resin which had a good adhesion and great hardness on a substrate of wood. The UV Hg lamp and UV-LED power was used as an irradiation power to investigate the UV-curing kinetic behavior of the branched unsaturated polyester as aprepolymers. And through adjust the formula of different initiator and content, the result shows that the prepolymer can also curing under the UV-LED power, and also doing under the high pressure Hg lamp.
  • TANG Menglong,YU Sirong,SUN Weisong,LI Jingda,ZHANG Shanbao
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    In this paper, epoxy resin was reinforced by graphene oxide to produce graphene oxide/epoxy resin composites, and the phenolic amine T-31 was as curing agent. FT-IR, TG and shore hardness of the composites were tested. The results show that a ester bond was formed in the composites, but the strength of this bond was weak, so the binding force between graphene oxide and epoxy resin was low. Compared with pure epoxy resin, the thermal stability of the composites increased. With increasing the content of graphene oxide, Tmax first increased and then decreased. When the content of graphene oxide was 0.5wt%, the thermal stability was optimum. Compared with pure epoxy resin, the shore hardness of the composites increased. With increasing the content of graphene oxide, the shore hardness first increased and then decreased. When the content of graphene oxide was 0.3wt%, the shore hardness was maximum.
  • XU Zhijie, GUO Jie, DU Baosheng, DU Shengjie, SUN Naikun
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    FeCo/TiO2 nanocomposites, prepared by the mechanochemical synthesis, exhibit fluctuation of ε′ and an intense dielectric resonance peak of ε″ at 13.5 GHz. Real and imaginary part of the complex permittivity ε′ - ε″ on the complex plane Cole-Cole plot show a full circle. Diffraction peak of FeCo nano particle is observed narrowed down can be attributed to increase of grain size, decrease of lattice imperfection and release of internal strain. And meanwhile, dielectric resonance is greatly weakened after annealing at 500 ℃, as a result of which the clear Cole-Cole full circle disappeared. Annealing also led to increase of saturation magnetization and decrease of coercivity. For the as-milled sample, a maximum of reflection loss (RL) as large as -38.3 dB at 12.6 GHz for a layer of 8.15 mm thickness. However, for the annealed sample, a RL value exceeding -10 dB was obtained in 12-16.5 GHz for an absorber thickness of 7.5 mm, almost covering the entire Ku-band (12-18 GHz). The great improvement of microwave-absorption properties for as-milled sample can be ascribed to a dielectric resonance and an excellent match of magnetic and dielectric loss.
  • WANG Kun,LIN Jun,SHEN Fan,ZHANG Zhiyong,GUAN Jintao,ZHANG Kaicheng,DAI Zhiqun
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    Using the Adler-Longo method, the two series of the 8 kinds of a median tetra-substituted ester porphyrin compounds which has the symmetrical structure have been designed and synthesized in this paper, and their structure was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR. Their optoelectronic properties were studied by UV-Vis absoption spectra and Fluorescence emission spectra, and its orbital energy level was studied by the cyclic voltammetry. Results indicate that the synthesis of the median tetra-substituted ester porphyrin compounds have a high quantum efficiency and a lower orbital energy gap. In addition, they are preferable light calling material and have broad application prospects in the organic semiconductor material, organic solar cells, etc.
  • YOU Junhua,MA Li,QIU Keqiang,QU Yingdong,LI Rongde
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    Mg68Zn28Ca4, Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 and Zr60Nb5Cu20Fe5Al10 amorphous alloys are prepared using copper mold casting. The thermal stability of the samples are investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). And 3D thermal processing window was set up. The results showed that the supercooled liquid region of Mg68Zn28Ca4 did not obviously move to high temperature region with the increase of the heating rate. The supercooled liquid region of Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 and Zr60Nb5Cu20Fe5Al10 amorphous alloy move to the high temperature region with the increase of heating rate. According to the Kissinger’s method, the Ex of the three components is respectively 177.26, 288.98 and 288.75 kJ/mol. From the thermal processing window, the processing technology of amorphous alloy, the processing temperature and maximum heating time can be determined.
  • ZHENG Xianli,LIU Min,XIA Yanfang,CHENG Pinjing,ZHANG Boli
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    By the process of SRIM,we can simulate the ion range, loss of energy, Silicon target damage by the different quality of charged particles implanted silicon. The results indicate that, the largest concentration of incidence of charged particles is located at the projection range in the silicon, and is smaller with the increase of the particle quality. The particle of mass to the mass of Silicon ratio is smaller than 1.8, the charged particle loss to electron energy to recoil of the silicon atoms loss to the energy of the electrons ratio is greater than 1 or less than 1. Ionization energy loss decreases, and phonon energy loss increases with the increase of incidence of charged particles of mass. Total displacements and total vacancies increase rapidly, and replacement collisions increase slowly with the increase of incidence of charged particles of mass.
  • SUN Naikun, GUO Jie, REN Zengxin
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    La(Fe,Si)13 hydride is regarded one of the most promising room-temperature magnetic refrigerants. A typical active magnetic refrigerator machine requires thin plate-shaped refrigerants. In this work, La0.9Ce0.1-Fe11.7-xMnxSi1.3(x=0,0.29,0.35,0.41) hydrides were prepared by sintering in a high-pressure H2 atmosphere of 40MPa. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the plate-shaped La(Fe,Si)13 hydrides consist of NaZn13-type structure with a small amount of α-Fe as impure phase, and that the lattice constants of NaZn13 phase remarkably increase after hydrogenation. Meanwhile, Mn-doping is beneficial for restraining the precipitation of α-Fe, and reduces the Curie temperature to around room temperature. La0.9Ce0.1Fe11.35Mn0.35Si1.3 thin plate-shaped hydride shows a magnetic-entropy change ΔSm of 4.3 J/(kg·K) for a field change of 2 T at 289 K.
  • DENG Fenglin, YAN Chao, CUI Li, LIU Yun, ZHU Ping, ZHANG Chuanjie
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    Composite films of sodium alginate (SA) and four types of carbocymethyl cellulose (CMC) with different degree of substitution (DS) were prepared by solution blending, and the effect of the DS on structure and properties of SA/CMC composite films was discussed. Van der waals forces and hydrogen bonding force among various functional groups of the component polymers of SA/CMC composite films was confirmed by their infrared spectra, therefore, these two components of SA/CMC composite films were satisfactory compatibility. As the increase of DS, the mount of undissolved fragments in CMC solution gradually decrease, cross section of SA/CMC composite films tends to smooth and flat, and their crystallinity and transmittance slowly increase. The tensile strength of SA/CMC composite film increases to 37.27 MPa from 6.25 MPa, their dissolving time in distilled water declines to 70 s from 162 s, and peroxide value of oxidated oil reduces to 1.9 g/100 g from 4.2 g/100 g, while the DS of CMC increases to 0.9 from 0.4.
  • OUYANG Ping,FAN Hongyong,ZHANG Xianming,CHEN Ling,LIU Xianbin
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    In order to explore the low-cost and efficient adsorbents used for waste lubricating oil regeneration by adsorption, flyash was chosen to be absorbent to regenerate waste oil. Original flyash was pretreated, and waste oil with the unique adsorbate of water in some range of concentrations was made up, whose optimum experiment conditions were selected, and the kinetic characteristics of the adsorption process of flyash to water in the waste lubricating oil was explored. Experiment results showed that the better material and structural base for pretreated flyash adsorption was equipped. The adsorption equilibrium time was 55 min, the removal rate of water was 91.15%, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 279.745 μg/g. Linearizations of the different kinetic equations showed that adsorption process was in line with pseudo secondary kinetic equation. Pore diffusion process was divided into initial rapid diffusion process and subsequent slow diffusion process, BN=101.629, and the adsorption process was mainly governed by intrapore diffusion process.
  • FENG Xiaoqin, CAO Duanlin, CUI Jianlan, AN Fuqiang
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    A novel energetic material, 3,5-dinitropyrazole-4-nitrate, was synthesized via nitration and nucleophilic substitution reaction using 4-chloropyrazole as raw material, and its structure was characterized by FT-IR, NMR and elemental analysis. The detonation properties was calculated and compared with other commonly used energetic compound. Thermal decomposition mechanism of 3,5-dinitropyrazole-4-nitrate was studied by means of TG-DSC-MS. The results show that the detonation properties of 3,5-dinitropyrazole-4-nitrate was better than TNT and near to RDX and HMX. Thermal decomposition mechanism of 3,5-dinitropyrazole-4-nitrate was supposed. At first, O—NO2 bond was broken and produced nitropyrazole, and then nitropyrazole was decomposed by free radical cleavage of either nitryl or nitroso-group from isomerization to nitritepyrazole. Finally, the pyrazole ring fission occurred and produced N2, NO, N2O and CO2.
  • SI Huitong, WANG Bing, SHAN Juanjuan, HUANGFU Fengyun, SUN Zhichun
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    The bare Fe3O4 nanoparticles were endowed via the solvothermal method. Adding silica coatings to magnetite nanoparticles and using the carbon-carbon double bond on the surface of silicon dioxide (SiO2) modified by 3-(methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MPS). Magnetic core-shell molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres (Fe3O4/SiO2@MIPs) were prepared by distillation precipitation polymerization using dibenzothiophene (DBT) as template molecule and methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer. The core-shell structure, morphology and magnetic properties of Fe3O4/SiO2@MIPs were systematically characterized by FT-IR, VSM, TGA. The Fe3O4/SiO2@MIPs exhibited excellent recognition and binding capacity for DBT than non-imprinted polymer (Fe3O4/SiO2@NIPs).
  • SONG Yunfei,PENG Weike,ZHU Hongxi,DENG Chengji,ZHANG Xiaojun
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    Pore diameter of forsterite materials prepared in NaCl-Na2CO3 molten salt media was determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and pore volume fractal dimension of materials was characterized by the fractal theory on the basis of Menger tectonic model. The comprehensive thermal analyzer was used to analyse pore formation mechanism and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure of pores. The connection of pore volume fractal dimension with the porosity, and pore size distribution were investigated by comparing the different sintering temperatures and contents of salt to the effect of fractal dimension. The porous materials synthesized by molten salt media have three fractal characteristics resulted from different pore forming mechanism, when pore size distributed in <6.6, 6.666 μm, and >66 μm, respectively. The porous materials sintered at 1 100 ℃ exhibited good properties as the pore diameter was homogeneous concentrating on 6.666 μm, meanwhile, the content of NaCl and Na2CO3 were both 20% and the fractal dimension was low to 2.16895.
  • WANG Guirong, CHEN Dongping, FENG Xuepeng, ZHANG Rong
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    The easy hydrolytic degradable polyesters which used Polyethylene glycol (PEG) or tetraethylene glycol (TTEG) as the fourth monomer were synthesized by ester exchange-esterification polycondensation method. The molecular structure, molecular weight and thermal properties of synthesized polymers were studied. The results showed that increase the fourth monomer can improve hydrolysis properties of polyesters. Furthermore, it was found that high temperature and basic concentration can accelerate the hydrolyzing rate.The hydrolysis property of samples with PEG are better than that with TTEG.
  • ZHU Siqiao,WANG Changsong,LIANG Bing
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    Firstly, using inorganic base as a catalyst, 2-dihydroxymethylbutanal(DMB) was synthesized with formaldehyde and butyraldehyde taking place reaction. Then DMB and DOPO reaction synthesis DOPO ternary alcohol, last chose the reaction of DOPO ternary alcohol with dibutyltin oxide to synthetize novel spiro compound. And the final product through IR and NMR confirmed their molecular structure, confirm the products are all target products. Spiro compound cationic initiator volume expansion rate of the ring-opening polymerization process was 3.46%. The experiment also examines the spiro compounds of epoxy resin modified with the change of the volume expansion ratio, when the content of the spiro compounds was 20%, the epoxy resin volume expansion rate of 2.67%.
  • LI Yang, SU Zhenguo, LIU Wei, WANG Jue, YANG Jinlong
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    Highly porous materials with ultralow density and desirable strength were prepared by low-temperature sintering of the hollow sphere body derived from waste glass. The influence of sintering temperature and holding time on pore structure and sound absorption property of the samples was researched. The results show that the average pore size increased gradually with the sintering temperature increased and the open porosity increased with the holding time extended; the sound absorption property of samples was better with increasing open porosity; the influence of the average pore size on sound absorption property in the range of middle and high frequency was more significant, and the sound absorption coefficient of samples with an average pore size of 2.51 mm reached 0.84 while the acoustic frequency was 1 000 Hz. The average sound absorption coefficient of porous materials increased at the beginning and then decreased with increasing the air-flow resistivity, and the best property of materials was obtained when the air-flow resistivity was 4.805×105 Pa·s/m3.
  • ZHANG Huoli, WANG Min, LIU Xiaojie
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    Silver nanoparticles were synthesized from AgNO3 by an ultrasonic-assisted chemical reduction process with additive of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) as a stabilizing reagent in a water bath. Sodium citrate was employed as a reducing reagent. When the reactive process was radiated by ultrasonic, silver nanoparticles were gained with a narrow particle size and good dispersion. Silver nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS). The results show that silver nanoparticles prepared by ultrasonic assisted process are uniform spherical which have narrow particle size distribution(10-20 nm).
  • Process& Technology
  • LIU Zhe,LI Qing,LIN Hua,QIN Lizhao,LI Yuan,NIE Ming,XIE Guomeng
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    With PEG-1000 as the surface active agent, ZnO nanosheets were prepared using a convenient, efficient and environmental friendly method at room temperature. The products were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis. The results show that the average diameter of the products is 300 nm, the average thickness is about 40 nm.The products were uniform nanosheets, which have good crystallinity. The mechanism of the formation of ZnO nanosheets and the experimental conditions were discussed. It was found that the PEG-1 000 was the key factor effecting the morphology and size of the products. Besides, the temperature had important influence on the products. The photocatalytic experiments shown that the as-prepared ZnO nanosheets had excellent photocatalytic properties. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange mediated by the as-prepared ZnO nanosheets under sunlight irradiation reached 99.3%. This method is convenient, green, fast and has a good prospect of industrial production. It can also be used in the preparation of other nanomaterials.
  • XIONG Chengjing, YANG Yan, SHEN Ganglin, ZHANG Liu, CUI Yanyan, LIU Xiaoxuan
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    In this paper, a kind of RAFT agent named S-1-Dodecyl-S’-(a,a’-dimethyl-a”- acetic acid)-trithiocarbonate (DDAATB) were synthesized. Polyacrylic acid is prepared by using the RAFT agent as a chain transfer agent, then use the polyacrylic acid as the macro-RAFT agent to prepare the block copolymer (PAA-b-PIBOA). Using this block copolymer as the adhesion promoter, it was added into the coatings formula with addition of different contents. Then the complex was separately painted to the PP substrate and cured. The peel strength of the coating was measured, and compared with CPP was made. The results showed that the prepared acrylate block copolymer can effectively improve the adhesion to the PP substrate. The greater the molecular weight of PIBOA segment, the more obviously of the adhesion effect. Meanwhile, PAA-b-PIBOA was added to the coating formulation of polyester acrylate and chlorinated polyether resin, it could effectively be to improve the coating adhesion on PP substrate.
  • LI Jing,ZHANG Chunhua,HOU Dianhao,JIANG Yuzhao
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    Using the method of melting blending, it get three rubber-plastic alloy of Thermoplastic Elastomers(TPE)(TPE2, TPE4, TPE6). After getting TPE, we characterize the TPE alloy by IR and FM, concluding that the melt blending process of preparing TPE is dominated physically; then, we use the TPE to modifify the base asphalt, simultaneously, getting the conventional indexes, which showed the greatly improvement; we also use AFM to contrast the surface of asphalt and modified asphalt as a result of a great change of asphalt after modifying, however, we owe this phenomenon to the influence of modifier on asphaltenes.
  • ZHANG Ting, FU Liuwa, CHEN Zhikang, CUI Yanyan, LIU Xiaoxuan
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    An acrylic emulsion was prepared by methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), acrylic acid (AA) and 1,6-hexanedioldiacrylate(HDDA) via self-emulsifying process. The emulsion paticles had an average diameter of 249 nm and showed narrow polydispersity. The photochromic particles were prepared by doping photo-responsive spiropyran into the emulsion. The photochromism and fatigue resistance of the particles were determined by UV-Vis spectrum at ambient temperature. Owning to the parameter Z50, which was the number of cycles required to reduce the initial absorbance at λmax by 50%, the fatigue resistance of spiropyran was determined quantitatively. According to the results, the Z50 of the particles was much higher than that of the solution. It demonstrated that the spiroyran particles had excellent fatigue resistance as well as photochromism.
  • GAO Xurui,YAO Bolong,JIANG Jun, WANG Likui, DENG Liduo
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    The UV-curablewaterborne THPDMS modified multiam waterborner polyurethane was prepared by using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polycarbonate glycol (PCDL), terminal hydroxyl polyether-modified silicone oil (THPDMS), 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), heamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) trimer, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) as the main materials. The structure and propertises were characterized by particle size analyzer, optical contact angle measuring instrument and electronic tensile machine. The water resistance, mechanical property, hardness, water contact angle,and the thermal resistance of the TWPU-Si coating with different contents of THPDMS were investigated. The results indicated that with the content of THPDMS increase the particle size of the TWPU-Si emulsion increased and the particle size distribution gradually widened. Water resistance and thermal performance of the films were improved. The tensile strength of the films firstly decreased then increased and lastly decreased.