25 July 2011, Volume 42 Issue 07
    

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    研究与开发
  • Carbon Nanotubes Gas Sensors and Oxide Semiconductor Doping with Carbon Nanotubes Gas Sensors
    LIN Yutao;XU Tao;LIU Qingju
    . 2011, 42(07): 1159-1162.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Carbon nanotubes gas sensors are attracted more attentions for its exceptional properties of lower work temperature and detection limit. While the oxide semiconductor doping with carbon nanotubes gas sensors have the advantages both of carbon nanotubes gas sensors and oxide semiconductor gas sensors, such as higher sensitive, lower work temperature and detection limit. The progress and gas-sensing mechanism of this two kinds of gas sensors are introduced and summarized in this paper, and also the problems and developing tendency are pointed out.
  • The Effects of H+ Concentration on the Chemical Bonds and Crystal Microstructure of WO3 Nanoporous Powder
    HE Zhiwei;LI Chunyan;ZHANG Jianjun
    . 2011, 42(07): 1163-1165.
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    Abstract：The nanoporous WO3 powder is prepared by sol-gel method at strong and weak acid condition, respectively. The crystal structure, microstructure, transmittance and chemical performance of the samples are compared through XRD, SEM, FTIR spectra. Results show that strong acid condition can improve the reaction velocity, facilitate the formation of non-crystal, and be beneficial to forming the network structure.
  • Preparation and formation mechanism of polymer coating with binary structured surface
    DOU Zhaoling;WANG Jiadao;YU Feng
    . 2011, 42(07): 1169-1172.
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    A kind of polymer coating with submilli- microscale binary structured surface was prepared though spray-painting technology. The MicroXAMTM surface profiler was utilized to study the surface structure of polymer coating. Based on the experimental studies and numerical simulations of the solidification process of wet coating, the formation mechanism of binary structured surface was analyzed, which showed that interfacial convection and deformation induced by solvent evaporation played a key role. Test results in a water tunnel showed that the polymer coating had a visible drag reduction property.
  • Study on Nitrogen Concentration of Diamond Crystals in FeNi-C-FeS System
    ZANG Chuanyi;CHEN Kui;CHEN Xiaozhou
    . 2011, 42(07): 1173-1176.
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    Abstract: Large gem diamond crystals were synthesized successfully in FeNi-C-FeS system by temperature gradient method(TGM) at high pressure and high temperature (HPHT), and the effect of FeS on nitrogen concentration of diamond crystals was mainly investigated. It is found that, with FeS content inceasing in the system, the quality of crystals would be suffered a certain degree of damage, especially in the {100} growth region. As for nitrogen concentration in the crystals, when the content of FeS increases form 0.75% to 1.25%, the nitrogen concentration of the {111} growth region almost shows no change, compared to that in the pure FeNi-C system; however, the nitrogen concentration in the {100} growth region would be changed greatly, which is far lower than that of the FeNi-C system. This indicated that, with the introduction of FeS into the growth system, the {100} growth regions of diamond crystals would be easier to be damaged, or, S element is easier to be incorporated into the {100} growth region, so there exists a competition between the sulfur and nitrogen atoms,which makes the probability of nitrogen atoms incorporated into diamond crystals reduced greatly, and leads to the great decrease of the nitrogen contentration of the {100} growth region.
  • Fabrication and investigation of blocking layer in dye-sensitized solar cells
    TAO Yong;LIAO Zhijun;WU Dengxue
    . 2011, 42(07): 1177-1179.
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    Abstract: Dense TiO2 films were prepared on conducting glass substrates by electron beam evaporation, and annealed in O2 atmosphere at different temperatures. In order to prevent the charge recombination at the interface of conducting glass substrate/electrolyte ( ), the film was used as a blocking layer in dye-sensitized solar cell. The structure and composition were characterized by XRD and XPS，respectively. The influence of different thickness blocking layers on the photovoltaic properties of DSSC was investigated. The results reveal that the introduction of blocking layer effectively prevents the charge-transfer reaction and enhances the open voltage, short current, FF and photoelectric conversion efficiency. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is higher than that of without blocking layer by 31.5％.
  • Computational Study of Nanopumping System Based on Carbon Nanotubes
    CHEN Min;XIAO Dingquan
    . 2011, 42(07): 1180-1183.
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    Nanopumping via carbon nanotubes has potentially wide applications in many areas, such as drug or gene delivery, new nano-actuators and nano-sensors. Among these uses, it is very crucial that the stable nanopumping system must be established. In this paper, the way to construct a steady pumping system and the barrier at the boundary of pumping system were investigated by using MD simulations. For an established stable system, we simulated the pumping process, by acting an external actuation and making the encapsulated molecule overcome the system barrier. The research works presented in this paper are essential and very helpful for the applications of nanopumping based on carbon nanotubes.
  • Improving the damping ability by the addition of Nano-SiO2 to the concrete materials
    LIU Tiejun;QIAO Guofu;ZOU Dujian
    . 2011, 42(07): 1184-1188.
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    Damping in structures is commonly provided by viscoelastic nonstructural materials. Due to the large volume of structural materials in a structure, the contribution of a structural material to damping can be substantial. In this paper, the experimental investigation on damping ability of concrete materials and its members with Nana-SiO2 is carried out by the method of 3-point bending beam damping measurement and cantilever beam free vibration respectively. The microstructure of concrete mix with Nano-SiO2 was observed by XRD and SEM, then damping mechanism was discussed. The experimental results show that the damping reinforced effect achieved best with the 4％mixture ratio of Nana SiO2, but the optimal adulteration quantity of Nano-SiO2 was 3% of cement weight by the comprehensive consideration of cost, workability, strength and dynamic properties. Nano-materials as a mixture increase interfaces, and the non-uniform stress distribution under external force improves frictional damping energy consumption ability of concrete. The experimental results on the damping ratio and the loss tangent of the concrete materials with Nano-materials are consistent.
  • Composition design and microstructure analysis of Cu-7Ni-0.75Al-1.5Cr alloy
    ZHANG Shiqing;NIE Zunyu;WANG Hong
    . 2011, 42(07): 1189-1192.
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    Abstract:By means of the copper alloy Cu-7Ni-0.75Al-1.5Cr’s main chemical elements analyzed,designing alloy’s composition.meanwhile,the alloye’s relative status microstructure include cold-worked, solution heat treatment,aging after deforming,aging after solution are studied.The test that the best solutiong treatment temperature, morphology of solution,and the precipitated phase morphology by aging strengthening.
  • Influence of heat treatment on the anti-corrosion of coat- TiO2 pure magnesium
    XIE Fengyu;GAO Jiacheng;QIAO Liying
    . 2011, 42(07): 1193-1196.
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    Nanometer TiO2，prepared by sol-gel technique using titanium tetrachloride and ammonia water as raw materials, was coated on pure magnesium by the method of dip-coating, followed by heat treatment at 100℃, 300℃, 500℃ for 2 h, respectively. The phases and microstructure of the coated-TiO2 magnesium at different heat treatment temperatures were characterized using XRD, TG/DSC, FE-IR, FE-SEM. Electrochemical polarization tests were performed to investigate the effect of heat treatment temperature on the corrosion resistance of coated-TiO2 pure magnesium. The results show that TiO2 coating can improve the corrosion resistance of pure magnesium, that 100℃-treated TiO2 coating with the corrosion current density of 4.5×10-3 mA/cm2, compared with a much higher 3.256mA/cm2of pure magnesium, has the optimal anti-corrosion among the experiment coated-TiO2 samples, and that the corrosion resistance decreases with the increased heat treatment temperatures. Also, the anti-corrosion mechanism of TiO2 coating was discussed.
  • Effect of Process Conditions on Ctrength of Green Body Prepared by Gelcasting
    WANG Xiaofeng;WANG Richu;PENG Chaoqun
    . 2011, 42(07): 1197-1202.
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    The effect of process conditions (monomer concentration, monomer/crosslinker ratio, reaction temperature and solids loading of suspension) on strength of green body prepared by gelcasting was investigated. The change reason of the strength and homogenization of pure gels was analyzed based on free-radical polymerization theory, and the ranges of each process parameters were achieved. The results show: the strength of pure gel and green body increase with increasing monomer concentration, but the homogenization of these prepared with higher monomer concentration are decreased, and thus monomer concentration should be between 10% and 20% (mass fraction); increasing the ratio between AM and MBAM, the strength and homogenization of gel decrease, and so the ratio between AM and MBAM is between 20:1 and 30:1; as the reaction temperature rises, the strength of gels enhance firstly and then decrease, but vice versa the homogenization of these, therefore, the reaction temperature lies between 20℃ and 30℃; the strength of green body reduce but homogenization increase with solids loading , and so the solids loading of suspensions for green body with enough strength should be as much high as possible.
  • Synthesis and properties of PVA/ β-CD composite hydrogels
    WANG Xiaoyan;ZUO Yi;GAO Shibo
    . 2011, 42(07): 1203-1206.
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    Poly (vinyl alcohol) /β-cyclodextrin (PVA/β-CD) composite hydrogels were prepared by co-solution method and treated with repeated freeze-thawing recycle. The composite material was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. The hydrophilicity and cytocompatibility were also tested. The results show that new hybrid system of PVA/β-CD has been successfully prepared. The hydrophilicity of the composite can be adjusted by the amount of β-CD. The PVA/β-CD composite hydrogel exhibits good cytocompatibility, showing promising prospect as a new biomaterial.
  • Study of electronic structure of interstitial Ni-doping in silicon nanowires
    LIANG Weihua;WANG Xiuli;DING Xuecheng
    . 2011, 42(07): 1207-1210.
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    The structural stability and electronic properties of interstitial Ni-doped silicon nanowires were investigated by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The results show that Ni can preferentially occupy hexagonal interstitial position in the interior of silicon nanowire. The density of state near Fermi level is derived from Ni 3d states. Moreover，different configurations of Ni-doped silicon nanowires have different band gaps, the band gap of interstitial Ni-doping in silicon nanowires are reduced.
  • Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO/SnO2 Composite Film by Electrophoretic Deposition Method
    ZHAO Li;FAN Jiajie;YU Jiaguo
    . 2011, 42(07): 1211-1214.
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    ZnO/SnO2 composite films were prepared on electro-conductive glass substrate by an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method and were further characterized by SEM and XRD. The results showed that the optimum deposition time for obtaining compact and uniform films is about 20 min, and these films with 20 min deposition min showed the highest photocatalytic activity(0.016 min-1) for photocatalytic decolorization of Rhodamine-B aqueous solution. A hetero-junction structure composed of ZnO and SnO2 is formed and makes it easier for exitons to be separated and result in a higher activity. Moreover, the effects of calcination temperature on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO/SnO2 composite films were further investigated. The decoloring rate will be decreased as raising the calcination temperature, and at 300℃, the ZnO/SnO2 composite films showed the highest photocatalytic activity.
  • Preparation and Characterization of Imidazole Blocked Waterborne Polyurethane Retanning Agent
    LI Ganghui;LI Xin;YIN Zhaoxia
    . 2011, 42(07): 1215-1218.
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    Imidazole-blocked waterborne polyurethane retanning agent (BPU) was prepared by the reaction of 1,6-hexanediamine (HDI), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane(BPA), polyesterglycol and imidazole as blocking agent through molecular design method. FTIR, Dynamic Laser light Scattering (DLS), TEM, TGA, DSC characterized the structure of BPU, the particle size distribution and morphology of the resultant dispersions and thermal properties of BPU, respectively. At the same time, molecular basis of action mechanism of BPU were analyzed. The results show that structures of carboxyl, imidazole ring and polyurethane are found in BPU molecular structure. The morphology of the particle is comparatively regular sphericity with core/shell structure and the poly-dispersity of particle sizes is the microcosmic reason of BPU with favorable selective filling. Indicated by TGA, the heat-resistant properties of BPU is properly high and decrease appreciably with increase of the blocked ratio of BPU. According to the result of DSC analysis, deblocking temperature of BPU ranges from 107.5℃ to 124.5℃ and its peak value is 115.1 ℃.During the application, the deblocking of BPU rarely occurs and it is advantageous for the increasing of auxiliary dyeing.
  • Microstructure and Properties of polynary system (1-x)PZT-x(0.2PFN-0.2PZN-0.6PNN) Ferroelectric Ceramics
    LIU Tingqian;LIN Xiao;ZHOU Zhidong
    . 2011, 42(07): 1219-1221.
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    A series of ferroelectric ceramics with variable compositions of (1-x)PZT-x(0.2PFN-0.2PZN-0.6PNN) (x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 0.5) were prepared by the precursor method. The proveskite structure and ferroelectric domains were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The morphotropic phase boundary was determined and the relations among electric property, composition and microstructure were briefly discussed. It was found from XRD data that with an increase of x value the crystal structures transformed from tetragonal to rhombohedral phase. The transformations from herringbone-like domain patterns with parallel stripes to small relaxor ferroelectric domains, observed by TEM, significantly influenced the electric properties. The Curie temperature decreased apparently with the increase of x values according to the temperature-dependent relative permittivity measurements. The typical feature of relaxor ferroelectrics was observed at x?0.3 with the maximum dielectric constants of 3050 at x=0.3. At x=0.2 the ceramics exhibited excellent dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties: the maximal piezoelectric coefficient reached 485 pC/N with the maximal remnant polarization being 37μC/cm2. The maximal relative dielectric constant of 22000 was achieved at Curie temperature. The morphotropic phase boundary was determined to be 0.2<x<0.3 based on the experiment.
  • Reserch on the structure and high temperature electrochemical properties of the as-cast and annealed La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5Si0.10 hydrogen storage alloys
    GUO Pei;LIN Yufang;ZHAO Haihua
    . 2011, 42(07): 1222-1226.
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    The discharge capacity,the cycle life,the high-rate dischargeability and the self-discharge characteristics of the as-cast and annealed (940℃、8h) La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5Si0.10 alloys were investigated at 30℃、45℃、55℃ and 70℃,respectively.The results analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) showed that both alloys had multiphase structures containing LaNi5 , (La,Mg)2Ni7 and (La,Mg)Ni3 phases.The LaNi5 and (La,Mg)Ni3 phases decreased while the (La,Mg)2Ni7 phases increased after annealing treatment,but the main phases of both alloys were all LaNi5.It is found that the activation characteristics obtained at every test temperature were all excellent in both alloys,but for each alloy the maximum discharge capacity decreased with the temperature increasing,and annealing treatment can improve this,especially at 70℃,the maximum discharge capacity increased from 238.4mAh/g to 342.5mAh/g.The high-rate dischargeability of the as-cast alloy increased first and then decreased.However,the high-rate dischargeability of the annealing alloy increased monotonously with the temperature increasing. The charge retention of both alloys decreased with the temperature increasing,and the annealing treatment improved the charge retention at every test temperature.
  • Surface morphology and electrical properties control of p-InGaN by MOCVD growth temperature to improve LED light power
    HAN Jun;XING Yanhui;DENG Jun
    . 2011, 42(07): 1227-1229.
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    Abstract: InGaN: Mg films have been grown by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition, the surface morphology and electrical properties of the p-InGaN are optimised by changing the epitaxial growth temperature. The sample grown at 800°C had a lower resistivity than the other samples, hole concentration of the p-InGaN is 1.9x1019cm－3, many knolls for roughen sample surface were observed by Atomic Force Microscopy, its root-mean- square is highest in all samples. The optical power of the LED with roughened surface and optimal electrical properties of p-InGaN contact layer was improved 23%.
  • Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Expanded Graphite/Stainless Steel Fiber/ABS Composite
    ZHENG Kai;DONG Faqin;YANG Yushan
    . 2011, 42(07): 1230-1233.
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    In this research, silane coupling agent (KH550) modified expanded graphite (EG) and stainless steel fiber (SSF), composite was prepared by melt extrusion using modified and unmodified EG and SSF, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin. Effect of EG and SSF contents, modification treatment of EG and SSF on electrical and mechanical properties of composite were studied. The experimental results showed that electric volume resistivity of composite gradually decreased with the increase of EG content, and the law accorded with “percolation effect”, modification treatment of EG made electric volume resistivity of composite decrease, tensile strength and zoid notched compact strength of composite increase and weaken. Keeping modified EG content was 20%, conductive property of composite was improved greatly with the increase of SSF content, modification treatment of SSF made electric volume resistivity of composite increase, and both tensile strength and zoid notched compact strength of composite increase; electric volume resistivity of composite was 5190??cm, tensile strength and zoid notched compact strength of composite were 50.11MPa and 2.1KJ?m-2 when modified SSF content was 16%.
  • Study on Supercapacitor Preparation Techniques of Polystyrene-based Hierarchical Porous Carbons
    LI Zhenghui;MO Jianbo;WU Dingcai
    . 2011, 42(07): 1234-1237.
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    In this study, the relationship between supercapacitor preparation technique and electrochemical performance for polystyrene-based hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) have been studied in detail by means of constant charge/discharge measurements, impedance spectrum, cyclic voltammetric measurements, and so on. The techniques studied here include electrode preparation conditions like electrode weight, percentage of binder (PTFE) and pressing pressure, and concentration of electrolyte (KOH). The experimental results show that the techniques play an important role in the electrochemical properties of HPC. When the electrode weight, PTFE content, pressing pressure and KOH concentration were 9 mg, 8%, 4 MPa and 4 M, respectively, HPC exhibited the highest capacitance of 135 F/g. However, when changing the techniques to the case of 9 mg, 8%, 1 MPa and 6 M, the specific mass capacitance was as low as 56 F/g, only 41% of the above optimal value.
  • Organic Modification and Ball Milling of Bentonite and Its Retention Properties
    CHEN Wei;LI Youming;WAN Xiaofang
    . 2011, 42(07): 1238-1241.
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    Stearyltrimethyl ammonium bromide was used for organic modification of bentonite and then ball milled the modified bentonite. The organically modified bentonite was analyzed by SEM, FT-IR and XRD. The results show that the stearyltrimethyl ammonium bromide has been interalated into the layers of bentonite. The layer distance of the bentonite is increased from 1.256nm to 2.694nm. The appropriate experimental conditions of interplanar spacing increasing were the dosage of STAB 40%, reaction time 4h, temperature 75℃. The ball milled organically modified bentonite was analyzed by SEM. The results show that the particle mainly reach submicron to nanometer when ball mill 2h. The particle size distribution range is from 100nm to 500nm. Ball milled organically modified bentonite/CPAM can improve retention rate of OCC pulp obviously than organically modified bentonite/CPAM because of smaller grains and better unigormity of ball milled bentonite.
  • Study on Preparation and Characterization of n-HA/PA46 Composites
    HAO Xinyan;WEI Kebing;WEI Jie
    . 2011, 42(07): 1242-1245.
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    Nano-hydroxyapatite /polyamide 46 composites were prepared in N,N-dimethylacetamide solution by co-deposition method. The composition and the interface of the two composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), burning test, FT-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The physical properties were characterized with tensile strength, flexural strength and compressive strength. The results showed that the n-HA particles uniformly dispersed in the composite. The SEM and XRD results indicated that the morphological and phase composition kept unchanged after combination between n-HA and PA46. The FT-IR, XRD and XPS analysis showed hydrogen bonds are found at the interface between the n-HA and PA46 in the composites. The tensile strength, compression strength and flexural strength of the n-HA/PA46 composite were about 67MPa, 202MPa and 146MPa. The new nano composite of n-HA/PA46 have a potential application in load bearing bone repair and replacement.
  • FeCuNbSiB Nanocrystalline Magnetic Powder Core Moulded by Powder Press Extrusion Method
    DU Yan;HU Xuesong;ZHU Zhenghou
    . 2011, 42(07): 1246-1248.
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    The research moulded FeCuNbSiB nanocrystalline magnetic cores by powder press extrusion method, and studied their magnetic conductance of different core sizes. The study shows that: by adopting a composition (stearic acid 1%, polypropylene 40%, paraffin 59% ) to make adhesive, mixing with the powder, of a powder/adhensive = 5:1 (weight), FeCuNbSiB nanocrystalline magnetic powder core can be produced by powder press extrusion method; mixture of different sizes of powders can enhance magnetic powder core density. A mixture of 300, 200 and 100 mesh (6:3:2, weight) powder, possesses a 5% higher density, reaches 3.76 g/cm2, compared to nanocrystalline magnetic powder coreprepared by 300 mesh FeCuNbSiB. Of core made of 200-mesh FeCuNbSiB nanocrystalline powder with a weight percentage of 33%, and heat treatment processed at temperature 180oC for 1 hour, its μe is 10.44, center frequency is 600kHz, and Q value equals 44.
  • Performance of composite reverse osmosis membranes fabricated with polyester mesh as support
    HUANG Yan;WANG Duo
    . 2011, 42(07): 1249-1252.
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    Abstract : Reverse osmosis (RO) is an important membrane technology in water treatment, in which the fabrication of high performance RO membranes plays an especially significant role. A novel kind of reverse osmosis membrane was fabricated with polyester mesh as the support in place of the traditional non-woven fabric. Of the membranes under series of different conditions, the performance under RO test achieved a high water flux of 38.5L.m-2.h-1 and rejection reached to 99%，which was better than the traditional non-woven supported RO membrane. And furthermore, the flux and rejection of the composite membrane didn’t decrease in 30 minutes operation time, which suggested that the polyester mesh-supported composite RO membranes could be used in RO process.
  • Preparation and Properties of Modified Epoxy Resin for UHMWPE /Carbon Fiber Composite
    LV Shenghua;LI Di;DUAN Jianjun
    . 2011, 42(07): 1253-1256.
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    The matrix resin of UHMWPE fibers/carbon fibers composites was prepared by modified epoxy resin E-51 with methyl acrylic acid (MA). The effects of reaction time and catalyst amount on properties of modified epoxy resin and composites were investigated. The results showed that the modified epoxy resin and its UHMWPE/carbon fibers reinforced composite displayed excellent properties when molar ratio of MA and epoxy group is 1.1: 1.0 and the modification reaction was carried out at 110℃ for 6h using 35wt% diethylaniline as catalyst. The structure and properties of the modified epoxy resin and composite were characterized by FTIR, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and SEM. The research show modified epoxy resin has stronger adhesive force for UNMWPE and carbon fiber. The thermal and mechanical properties have improved obviously through using the modified epoxy resin as matrix of UHMWPE fiber/carbon fiber composite.
  • Effects of FeCl3/APS composite oxidant on electrochemical properties and structure of polyaniline prepared by emulsion polymerization
    MA Li;LI Xiaofeng;LUO Laizheng
    . 2011, 42(07): 1257-1260.
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    Polyaniline (PANI) doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid was prepared by emulsion polymerization using ferric chloride (FeCl3) and ammonium persulfate (APS) as composite oxidant for the first time. The effects of FeCl3 and APS molar ratio (nFeCl3/nAPS) and the molar ratio of composite oxidant and An (ncomposite oxidant (cod)/nAn) on the electrochemical properties of PANI were discussed by cyclic voltammogram (CV) and Tafel curve using the carbon paper loaded PANI as working electrode. The characterization results of the electrochemical properties of PANI were proved by ctrast analysis of the thermal stability of conductivity, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PANI. The experimental results showed that compared with PANI prepared by APS, PANI prepared by composite oxidant there were larger redox current, higher corrosion potential and better thermal stability of conductivity when nFeCl3/nAPS is 3.5:1 and ncod/nAn is 3:1. The results of XRD and TGA indicated that PANI prepared by composite oxidant had better crystallinity and thermal stability.
  • Electrochemical Deposition of Bi-Te-Se Thermoelectric Thin Films
    REN Dahai;DAI Zhenyu;YOU Zheng
    . 2011, 42(07): 1261-1264.
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    Bi2Te3-ySey thermoelectric films were prepared by electrochemical deposition on stainless steel substrates. Cathodic polarization curves and the growth processes of thermoelectric films were studied. The morphology, and the composition of the films were analyzed by SEM and EDS. The results indicate that bismuth, tellurium and selenium could be deposited to form Bi2Te3-ySey thermoelectric films in the aqueous solution containing Bi3+, HTeO2+ and Se4+. The ions concentration in the aqueous solution and the deposition potential play important roles in controlling the composition of the Bi2Te3-ySey compound. The surface morphology of the film deposited at the potential of -0.07V is comparatively compact and smooth. The grain size of the gained thermoelectric films is very uniform. The composition of the film is Bi2Te2.75Se0.95, which is good thermoelectric film.
  • Surface modification of PET by MPC immobilization and its anticoagulant property
    YU Hongfei;ZHAO Yuancong;WANG Jin
    . 2011, 42(07): 1265-1268.
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    Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) film was exposed to oxygen plasma glow discharge to initiate graft polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and introduce the carboxylic acid groups. Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (Poly-MPC)were grafted onto PET surface by surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with diffuse reflectance mode and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that Poly-MPC was effectively grafted on the surface of PET. The hydrophilicity of MPC grafted PET (MPC-PET) was improved compared to control PET. There is less extent of in vitro platelet adhesion, activation and fibrinogen activation on the surfaces MPC-PET than that of the untreated PET.
  • Study on the synthesis and thermal properties of poly(vinyl benzal)
    JIN Bo;PENG Rufang;SHEN Juan
    . 2011, 42(07): 1269-1272.
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    Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was modified by aldehyde acetal reaction with benzaldehyde to give poly(vinyl benzal) (PVB). The structure of PVB was characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR). The glass-transition temperature of PVB was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the thermal stability of PVB was tested by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). DSC traces showed that polymer PVB has one single glass transition temperature at 106 oC. DTA and TGA curves proved that PVB has good thermal stability.
  • Preparation and properties of the magnetic strontium-ferrites acid catalyst
    LIU Chenglun;XIE Taiping;XU Wanjun
    . 2011, 42(07): 1273-1275.
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    The magnetic catalyst (SO42-/SrFe12O19) was prepared by sulfuric acid with strontium ferrites (SrFe12O19) particle, which exhibited excellent magnetic properties as a magnetic matrix for the first time. With the characterization of catalytic synthetic products, surface properties and catalytic performance of the magnetic catalyst was analyzed by means of XRD,BET,VSM. The results indicated that the saturation magnetization of SO42-/SrFe12O19 was strong and separate easily. The study of catalytic synthesis of ester showed that catalyst could be used repeatedly and yield of the ester was still above 74% after repeating 6 times.
  • Synthesis Technics of Au Nanoparticles in Aqueous Phase Influence
    ZHOU Yawei;YANG Chaoshun;FANG Zhenhua
    . 2011, 42(07): 1276-1280.
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    Respectively using citric acid three sodium and sodium borohydride as the reducing agent, we prepared stable gold colloid by reducing chloroauric acid in aqueous phase. Transmission electron microscope, dynamic light scattering, Uv-vis spectrophotometer were used to characterize the size, shape, structure, size distribution and optical properties of the prepared Au nanoparticles. The influence of reductant amounts, reacting time, reaction temperature, PH value of the precursor on the concentration, size, shape and monodispersity of Au colloid were investigated. It’s found that we can control the synthesis of Au nanoparticles by adjusting the synthesis technics. Spherical Au nanopartilces with the average size of 5 nm ~ 70 nm can be prepared in this method.
  • Synthesis and Properties of NaNbO3 Lead-free Ceramics
    LUO Yongwen;YANG Tongqing;YAO Xi
    . 2011, 42(07): 1285-1287.
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    In this paper, NaNbO3 lead-free ferroelectric ceramics was synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction at a low temperature. The effect of CuO and MnO2 on sintering temperature, structure and properties was studied by XRD, SEM and other methods. The result shows that CuO and MnO2-doped dense NaNbO3 lead-free ceramics was obtained at a low sintering temperature. The properties of NaNbO3 ceramics had a best sintering temperature of 1050℃. The density was 4.38g/cm3 and reached 98.6% of the theoretical density. Ferroelectric properties were observed from 15℃~120℃，the Curie temperature was 390℃. The dielectric constant was 287 and the dielectric loss was less than 2% at room temperature.
  • The exploration of the micro-mechanism of the electrophoretic deposition of chitosan
    LUO Chuanxu;MA Chunyan;LI Lihua
    . 2011, 42(07): 1288-1292.
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    Electrodepositon techniques, which are adopted to build functional surfaces of biomaterials constituted of biological macromolecules and mineral membranes, are receiving a great deal of attention. In this paper, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite with an atomically smooth surface was employed as the cathode substrate in the electrophoretic deposition of chitosan(CS), eliminating the side effect of the traditional metallic cathode to the revealing of the deposition characteristics of CS itself. SEM, TEM, AFM and XRD were applied to characterize and analyze the deposited CS coating surface. The results showed that, owing to the electric field force, the crystalline peak of its (110) plane was promoted and the orientation arrangement of the CS micro-structure existed in three levels, including the parallel arrangement of nano-scaled CS molecular aggregates in thin layers, the parallel arrangement of CS long strips with a bridge-liked structure joined each other in micron-level composed of those aggregates, and the flower-liked CS in micron-level when the deposit was relatively thick. It has been the first time to explore the parallel arrangement of CS molecular aggregates in the initial stage of electrophoretic deposition and to analyze the growth mode and the surface features of the flower-liked structure.
  • Study on β-Cyclodextrin and metal phthalocyanine effects of functional assembly
    YANG Qin;YANG Yongli;WANG Wendong
    . 2011, 42(07): 1293-1296.
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    Abstract：The assembly behavior of copper phthalocyanine (Cupc),manganese phthalocyanine（Mnpc）,iron phthalocyanine（Fepc）and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) has been investigated by UV-visible spectrometer.The assembly ratio of them was determined with adopting molar ratio method and equimolar series method; the assembly stability constants at different temperatures have been defined by using the method of double reciprocal method; The solid complex of Cupc-β-CD,Mnpc-β-CD and Fepc-β-CD have been synthesized through the saturated solution method. The results show that the assembly ratio of Cupc,Mnpc and Fepc withβ-CD is about equal to 1:2 and the thermodynamic data indicate that the assembly process can occurs spontaneously based on the van der Waals forces and dipole-dipole interaction.The results of solid complex of UV and SEM show that the solubility, the order and the photocatalytic ability were increased Compared with Metal Phthalocyanines which may become a potential medicine for antitumor uses.
  • Preventive and recoverable effects of GlcNH2, GlcNAc and low molecular CS against C2H5OH or CCl4-induced hepatocytes damage
    WANG Yongheng;DANG Qifeng;CHEN Jun
    . 2011, 42(07): 1297-1300.
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    The protective effects of D-glucosamine (GlcNH2), N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and low molecular chitosan (CS) on C2H5OH-induced or CCl4-induced mouse hepatocytes damage were investigated in the present study. The mouse hepatocytes were obtained through tissue culture. The cells activity was investigated during the subculture and the results showed the mouse hepatocytes had optimal growth condition at 6 days culture. The hepatocytes were exposed to C2H5OH or CCl4 for different times after 3 days culture of sugar-free medium, 500μg/ml or 1000μg/ml of GlcNH2, GlcNAc or low molecular CS medium, and the MTT assay was measured after 6 days culture. The results indicated the GlcNH2, GlcNAc and low molecular CS all had preventive effect to CCl4-induced damage and only the low molecular CS had preventive effect to the C2H5OH-induced hepatocytes damage. 2000μg/ml of GlcNH2, GlcNAc and low molecular CS all had positively effects on C2H5OH-induced hepatocytes damage recovery, indicating the potential applications in the treatment of C2H5OH-induced liver disease.
  • The self-reconditioning effect of the phyllosilicate lubricating material on Fe-based tribopairs
    ZHANG Baosen;XU Yi;XU Binshi
    . 2011, 42(07): 1301-1304.
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    A phyllosilicate lubricating material was prepared using mechanical ball-milling method. The self-reconditioning effect of the as-prepared material as oil additive on Fe-based tribopairs was evaluated by employing a reciprocating friction and wear tester. The mechanisms for reducing friction and wear and self-reconditioning were discussed by characterizing the self-reconditioning layer with scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) and Nano-hardness indenter. Results indicate the phyllosilicate powders as oil additive exhibit excellent tribological and self-reconditioning properties especially at the load of 50N and velocity of 1.0m/s. The corresponding friction coefficient and mass wear rate decrease by 49.6% and 83.3%, respectively, compared to those of the base oil. An induced continuous multi-apertured self-reconditioning oxide layer has formed on the rubbed surface with a thickness close to 1.08um due to the complex physicochemical interactions between the additives and rubbed surfaces. The layer shows smooth and possesses high hardness, which contributes to the effective decrease in friction and wear, mainly with Fe, C, O and small content of Mg and Si.
  • Radiation Properties of Carbon Materials for High Temperature Furnace
    ZHAO Wei;CAI Fei;CAI Xun
    . 2011, 42(07): 1305-1308.
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    In this work, on the basis of carbon materials microstructure and morphology, The radiation properties of different type of carbon/carbon composites and graphite materials was studied. The results show that the graphite crystal structure regularity and surface morphology of carbon materials is the main factor of difference in spectral emissivity. It could provide theoretical guidance to evaluation of thermal radiation performance of carbon materials and design efficient thermal field.
  • Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline/ carbon black porous composites
    WANG Haiyan;DANG Zhimin;KONG Lingbin
    . 2011, 42(07): 1309-1311.
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    Polyaniline / carbon black porous composites were prepared by using the conductive carbon black as a template and by in situ chemical oxidization polymerization. The impact of CB oxidation on morphology, thermal properties and conductivity of the composites was studied. The results showed that the composites, prepared with HCl solution which of the volume is 80ml, are porous. Because the grain-size characters of distribution and surface are improved after CB oxidation, the morphology of the polyaniline / oxidated carbon black composite is fibre texture and the conductivity value is as high as 5.55 S?cm-1. The decomposed temperatures of the porous composites are about 430℃.
  • A Novel MC/AQ Parasitic Composite as Cathode Material for Lithium Battery
    ZHAO Lei;WANG Weikun;WANG Anbang
    . 2011, 42(07): 1312-1315.
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    The mesoporous carbon(MC)/AQ parasitic composite was synthesized by filling 9,10- anthraquinone into pores of MC with sublimation. The composite was charactered by the methods of TDA/DSC, SEM and N2 adsorption. The electrochemical performance of the composite was investigated by the methods of galvanostatic discharge/charge and cyclic voltammetry. The results indicated that the specific capacity and cycle life of the composite was increased. The initial discharge specific capacity of the composite (75% AQ contained) arrived at 216 mAh.g-1, after 50 cycles, the specific capacity maintained 76 mAh.g-1, which was twice as great as AQ electrode’s .
  • Influences of deposition pressure on the structure and properties of MgO thin films prepared by cathodic vacuum arc deposition
    ZHU Daoyun;ZHENG Changxi;WANG Mingdong
    . 2011, 42(07): 1316-1319.
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    MgO thin films with preferred orientation and high optical transparence were prepared on the slide-glasses and Si substrates by the cathodic vacuum arc ion deposition. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Visible Spectrophotometer were used to investigate the influences of deposition pressure on the crystal structure, the morphology and the properties of MgO thin films, respectively. XRD patterns indicate that MgO thin films had a NaCl-type cubic structure and the film preferred orientation changed from (100) to (110) and then to (111) with the increase of the deposition pressure. SEM images show that the grain size of MgO decreased with increasing the deposition pressure and the crystal quality also became poorer. The transmittances of MgO thin films decreased with deposition pressure and the film deposited at 0.7 Pa had a higher transmittance which was more than 90% in the visible light range of 380-900 nm.
  • Effect and Mechanism of Nanocrystalline MgO on Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Hexafluoropropane
    TAN Linghua;LI Qinhua;HANG Zusheng
    . 2011, 42(07): 1320-1323.
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    The thermal decomposition characteristics of hexafluoropropane were studied in tubular reactor. The contents of decomposed gas were studied by gas chromatography online(GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ion chromatography (IC), while nanocrystalline MgO was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that dehydrofluorinationg of hexafluoropropane is the main reaction and pentafluoropropylene is the primary product. It also indicates that the higher reaction temperature can promote hexafluoropropane decomposition in the empty tubular reactor. When nanocrystalline MgO is filled in the reactor, hexafluoropropane decomposition rate increases. As the reaction temperature increases, hexafluoropropane decomposition rate enhances. After nanocrystalline MgO added under 700℃,hexafluoropropane decomposition rate raises from 23.9% in empty tubular reactor to 100% and HF content in thermal gas product decreases by 42.4%. The XRD and XPS patterns reveal a composition system of MgF2/MgO is formed. The mechanism of MgO on the thermal decomposition of hexafluoropropane was preliminarily studied. That partial MgO reacted with HF and was transferred to MgF2 during the reaction. The resulting MgF2 are very active catalysts for HF elimination from hexafluoropropane.
  • Investigations on the preparation and optical properties of Fe-doped Sheet-like ZnO crystal
    YU Xiaohong;LIU Changzhen;MENG Dawei
    . 2011, 42(07): 1324-1326.
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    Sheet-like ZnO crystal and sheet-like Fe-doped ZnO crystal were prepared by homogeneous precipitation method and in-situ doping method in room temperature under open system, respectively. In order to investigate the influence of Fe-doping to ZnO, we used stereomicroscope, X-ray diffractometer, fluorescence spectroscope and ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometer to express the structure and optical properties of the samples. The result indicated that pure ZnO and Fe-doped ZnO both have hexagon shape, wurtzite structure and two photoluminescence peaks—398 nm and 458 nm. Besides, Fe-doped ZnO crystal has 97.5% absorption rate of ultraviolet light in the range of 200 nm to 365 nm. What’s more, the diameter of the sheet-like Fe-doped ZnO crystal decreased and the energy gap increased compared to pure ZnO crystal. In addition, the lower light emission was observed when doping Fe into ZnO.
  • Preparation of ZnO Nanostructures with Different Morphologies by Using Hydrothermal Method
    LI Chen;ZHOU Ming;SHEN Jian
    . 2011, 42(07): 1327-1331.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The hydrothermal method was developed here to prepare ZnO nano-structure with different morphology on different seed layer.The substrates include silicon wafer,silicon wafer deposited with ZnO thin film,silicon wafer deposited with ITO thin flim,etc.We investgated the influence of different seed layer on the morphology of ZnO nano-structure.We also prepared ZnO nano-structure on ZnO seed layer and ITO seed layer under different temperature to study the influence of temperature and seed layer on the length of nano-rod.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD) were developed to characterize the samples.The results showed that seed layer,Reaction time， growth temperature and methanamide concentration have a great influence on the morphology of nano-structure.Nano-rod formed on ITO seed layer is shorter than prepared on the ZnO seed layer.From the SEM picture also can be seen that the diameter and length of nano-rod increases as temperature goes high. X-ray diffraction peak at 34.6 ℃ has a strong (002) wurtzite peaks, which shows a high degree of C-axis oriented nanorod arrays and of good crystalline quality.
  • Plasma Surface Modification of FEP Fibre
    CHU Guohong;LI Hui;HE Yingyuan
    . 2011, 42(07): 1332-1334.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The FEP fibers treated by air plasma were characterized by DSC, SEM and XPS. The contact angle of FEP fiber against water was measured. The results of DSC showed that the crystallinity of FEP fiber was not affected by air plasma treatment. The surface morphology became rough after plasma treatment. The atomic content of O has increased 4.65%. The atomic content of F reduced 4.37%. The cleavage of C-F caused by plasma etch induced the atomic content ratio of O/C and F/C changed from 0.19 and 0.28 to 0.25 and 0.22 respectively. The contact angle against water of FEP fiber decreased from 112.3°to 54.1°after the plasma treatment. The hydrophilicity of the FEP fiber was enhanced remarkably through air plasma treatment.
  • Study on structure and electrical properties of High-k Ta2O5 gate dielectric
    CHEN Xilin;YU Tao;WU Xuemei
    . 2011, 42(07): 1335-1338.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Ta2O5-based MOS capacitor was fabricated on p-type (100) Si substrates using a dual ion beam sputtering method (DIBSD), In this letter, influence of various assisted source energy (0eV, 100eV, 200eV, 300eV, respectively.) on the film’s growth mechanism, internal microstructure and electrical properties of Ta2O5-based capacitor have been studied. The experimental result shows that the Ta2O5 film prepared under 200eV have the smallest surface roughness and excellent interfacial characteristics. C-V and I-V characteristic curves indicate that the Ta2O5 MOS has the minimum flat voltage offset, density of oxides charges and leakage current. Eventually we found the appropriate assisted source energy can effectively improve the film’s growth mechanism and makes the film growth type from the island into a layered, which will improve the uniformity of crystalline grain and the film’s roughness and compactness. Our research will provide referential value for the double ion beam experiment based on the adjustment of assisted source energy parameters.
  • Microwave hydrothermal synthesis and luminescent properties of sphere-like Al2O3:Eu3+ phosphors
    ZHU Zhenfeng;LIU Dianguang;LI Guangjun
    . 2011, 42(07): 1339-1341.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Abstract: The Eu3+ doped Al2O3 red phosphors materials was prepared by microwave hydrothermal, and studied by XRD, SEM and luminescence spectroscopy. XRD results indicated that Eu3+ doped sample was γ- Al2O3 .SEM showed that the particles of Al2O3:Eu3+ was a spherical shape packaged by nanosheets. The results of photoluminescence displayed that the main emission peaks of Al2O3:Eu3+ could be assigned to the magic dipole transition 5D0→7F1 (594 nm) and 394 nm was the best excitation wavelength. Electric dipole 5D0→7F2 intensity of the sample could increase with the content of Eu3+.When the content of Eu3+ was up to 0.09mol%, electric dipole 5D0→7F2 intensity locating at 618 nm briefly increased.
  • Experimental study on preparation technology of CAS system fly ash glass-ceramics
    . 2011, 42(07): 1342-1345.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Abstract: Taking industrial waste fly ash as main raw materials, it detailed the process of sintering CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system fly ash glass-ceramics. Conducted a study on fly ash glass-ceramics through the use of differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and techniques and so on, and tested the physical and chemical and mechanical properties of fly ash glass-ceramics. Experimentally analyzed the effect of the dosage of binder and pressure in the molding process of glass-ceramic samples. Test results showed that: the main crystal phase of fly ash glass-ceramics was wollastonite, vice crystal phase was anorthite; it would obtain optimal samples by forming glass-cerammics in binder dosage was 20%, and under the pressure of 20Mpa.
  • Rare Earth Ce Application on Ni-Cr alloy
    ZOU Xingzheng;ZHANG Shiqing;WANG Hong
    . 2011, 42(07): 1346-1350.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The observation with optical and electrionic probe microscope show that the inclusion of Ni80 electrothermal alloy can be modified and the inclusion scale be minished to less than 5μm. The banding inclusion can be dispelled by Rare earth Ce, and numerical measure in alloy can be reduce sharply. And the mechanical working properties can be improved. The experiments show that high temperature life of Ni80 has deep relationship on rare earth Ce, and Ce component including, the high temperature life including. As the dendritic growth, dendritic brachium can grows to some ten micron. The little effect of resistance rate on Ce has been tested in this paper, at the same time, expansion coefficient has no variation in varied Ce content.
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