30 July 2018, Volume 49 Issue 7
    

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    Focuses & Concerns（The Project of Chongqing Press Fund in 2017）
  • High photocatalytic activity of ordered macro-mesoporous anatase TiO2 flakes prepared by dual templates method based on rose petals
    ZHAO Jianquan, LIAO Chanjuan, CHEN Xia, LU Zhao, TONG Hua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7001-7007. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.001
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    Ordered macro-mesoporous TiO2 flakes were successfully synthesized by a sol-gel method in an acidic medium, using natural rose petals and triblock copolymer P123 (EO20PO70EO20) as dual templates. The resulting flakes were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic activity of the porous TiO2 flakes was evaluated by characterizing the photocatalytic effect on the photodegradation process of Rhodamine B (RhB). The results reveal that the hierarchically macro-mesoporous TiO2 flakes are in anatase phase, and the three-dimensionally ordered macroporous walls are composed of ordered mesopores. The prepared TiO2 flakes calcined at 450 ℃ show the highest photocatalytic activity, and their apparent reaction rate constants k attain 2.21×10-2 min-1.
  • Structure evolvement of nanoscale zero-valent zinc particles for light-free catalytic degradation
    REN Guangpeng, LI Shengjuan, XU Bo, SUO Lulu, ZOU Yicheng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7008-7013. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.002
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    The reaction activity of metal materials was obviously aroused by the mechanical stress loading. The organic pollutants in dye wastewater could be effectively degraded by nanoscale zero-valent metal which had strong reducibility. In this paper, the raw zinc powders had been activated and nanoscale zero-valent zinc(NZVZ) particles were prepared by roller vibration milling with different time without any additives. The observation of the scanning electron microscope(SEM) indicated that the grain sizes of NZVZ ranged from 40-90 nm and presented periodical changing with loading time. The NZVZ particles were still close-packed hexagonal wurtzite structure. The analysis results of Lorentzian approximation function with least-squares calculation displayed that the stacking fault probability of NZVZ particles with 15 h milling reached up to 2.03%. The light-free degradation experiments to MB solution showed the NZVZ particles had the different reaction rate. 15 h milling samples obtained 72.72% degradation after 30 min reaction.
  • Preparation of extra-fine K2Ti6O13 by low energy consumption method and its photocatalysis properties
    WANG Yonghong, ZHANG Chunchen, WANG Zhongshang, ZHU Jianhua, CHEN Gan, WANG Xu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7014-7017. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.003
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    The nano TiO2 powders were prepared by an epoxide epoxy-driven sol-gel method with TiCl4 solution as titanium source. Then, the self-made nano TiO2 powders were mixed with potassium acetate to prepare K2Ti6O13 whisker. The effects of sintering temperature and holding time on the crystal structure and morphology of potassium titanate were investigated in detail. The phase composition and morphology of the prepared whiskers were analyzed by XRD and SEM and the photochemical reaction apparatus was utilized to analyze the photocatalytic activity of whiskers. The results indicated that high quality of potassium hexatitanate whiskers with a better yield could be obtained under the calcining condition of 900 ℃ for 3 h. The average diameter of prepared whisker with uniform thickness and good dispersion is in the range of 0.3 μm, the ratio of length to diameter (L/D) can approach as 12. Furthermore, TC modeling molecular can be decomposed completely by the whiskers irradiated for 1 h with a 500 W mercury lamp, which shows that the prepared potassium titanate whiskers are a good type of materials for the pollution management.
  • Ammonium benzoate-doped synthesis and luminescence properties of CePO4 and Ce0.95PO4∶Tb0.05 nanowires
    BAO Qishisan, ZHAO Xin, YAN Yu, BIAN Yulong, GUO Xueyuan, WANG Mingyuan, BAO Jinrong, LI Wenxian
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7018-7023. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.004
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    Nanostructured hexagonal phase CePO4 and Ce0.95PO4∶Tb0.05 nanowires were controllably synthesized through an ammonium benzoate-induced hydrothermal route (ammonium benzoate denote as L). The structures, sizes and morphologies of the products were studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electronic microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results indicated that when the amount of L molar ratio was increased, the morphology of CePO4 nanostructures changed from nanorods into nanowires and then grew into nanoparticles. When the Ce3+∶L molar ratio was 1.0∶1.0, the uniform CePO4 nanowires with high aspect ratio were obtained, which had diameters of about 20-30 nm and lengths of about 1-2 μm. The ammonium benzoate was found to play an important role for the synthesis of the products with different sizes and aspect ratio. The luminescence properties of the obtained products demonstrated that the CePO4 nanowires prepared with Ce3+∶L molar ratios of 1.0∶1.0 exhibited strongest emission intensity. Simultaneously, Ce0.95PO4∶Tb0.05 nanowires had high enhanced luminescence.
  • Sol-gel synthesis of Mn-doped Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathode material and its electrochemical properties
    HU Yong, LIAO Guixiang, ZHANG Xiaoping, LIU Jiequn, WU Ling, ZHONG Shengkui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7024-7028. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.005
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    Mn-doped Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathode materials were synthesized via sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, galvanostatic charge/discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test. The results show that a proper amount of Mn doping does not obviously change the structure of Na3V2(PO4)2F3. With the increase of Mn doping amount, the intensity of the diffraction peak increases and the grain size increases. The particle size and pore size of the material first decrease and then increase. Among the samples, Na3(V1-2y/3Mny)2(PO4)2F3 (y=0.05) exhibits the most impressive electrochemical performance. The sample has the initial discharge capacities of 116.7 and 61.9 mAh/g at 0.1 and 1 C rates, respectively, and shows the discharge capacities of 112.1 and 60.8 mAh/g even after 50 cycles.
    • Review & Advance
  • Study of the factors influencing the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at CoFeB/MgO interface
    SHI Hui, LI Minghua, FANG Shuai, WANG Shasha, WANG Shuanghai, ZHANG Shijie, WANG Dongwei, YU Guanghua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7029-7038. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.006
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    In this paper, the reports about improving the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at the CoFeB/MgO interface in recent years were reviewed. The influence factors of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at the CoFeB/MgO interface were summarized from the aspects of multilayer structure (thickness of each layer, stack sequence, periodic numbers, interfacial roughness, and the degree of crystallization in the buffer, layer, ferromagnetic layer, or oxide layer), multilayer composition (composition of the ferromagnetic layer, and material types of the buffer layer and capping layer), and material process (annealing process, applied electric field and applied strain). Understanding the influence factors of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at the CoFeB/MgO interface is helpful to better understand the source of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the nonmagnetic metal/CoFeB/MgO multilayers in the deep physical mechanism and optimize the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by using proper structure and technology.
  • Research progress of TiO2-based composite photocatalysts
    CHEN Shunsheng, CAO Xin, CHEN Chunhui, ZHOU Yuwen, LU Xiaoju
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7039-7049. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.007
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    TiO2 is widely used in the field of photocatalysis due to the stable chemical properties, non-toxic, low price, easy to recovery and so on. However, TiO2 possesses wide band gap and only responses to the ultraviolet light. On the other hand, the photogenerated charges are easy to recombined, which results in low photocatalytic activity. The recent researches show that the above problems can be solved to a great extent by compositing TiO2 with materials such as semiconductors, noble metals, carbon and dyes. The hybridized TiO2 with semiconductor can form the internal electric field, so as to efficiently separate the photogenerated charges. The noble metal deposited on the surface of TiO2 can enrich the photo-induced electrons and separate them. In particular, the surface plasmon resonance effect of nano-metal can enhance the light-response range of the catalysts. The composites of TiO2 with carbon materials or dyes can improve the light absorption and extend to the visible-light range. Besides, it can accelerate the transfer of charges and suppress the recombination of photo-induced charges. Finally, the problems and future developments of the TiO2 based composites are briefly analyzed and elaborated.
    • Research & Development
  • Calibration of contact parameters of DEM for fresh self-compacting concrete
    QI Lan, LIU Canping, CUI Wei, LI Yongjie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7050-7056. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.008
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    In order to realize the calibration of contact parameters of fresh self-compacting concrete, different combinations of the parameters were designed by the response surface optimization methodology. Seven key parameters were screened by Plackett-Burman test. It was found that the surface energy for mortar-mortar contact, the rolling friction for mortar-mortar contact and the static friction for mortar-mortar contact had significant effects on the slump flow. Then the optimal value scope of the significant parameters was screened by the steepest ascent test. On account of the Box-Behnken test result, a regression model for the slump flow and the 3 significant parameters was created. By solving the optimized regression equation, the best parameter combination was obtained: mortar-mortar surface energy of 0.12 J/m2, mortar-mortar static friction coefficient of 0.64 and mortar-coarse aggregate rolling friction coefficient of 0.07. The best combination of the parameters was validated by comparing the simulation results with the physical test values, and it was found that the relative error was 2.78%.Therefore, the response surface optimization methodology for calibration of contact parameters of DEM for fresh self-compacting concrete is reliable.
  • Effect of adding copper elements on corrosion and wear properties of titanium-based alloys
    SHI Zhendong, JIN Xiaomin, WANG Hefeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7057-7061. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.009
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    In this paper, the effects of adding a small amount of copper on the corrosion and wear properties of titanium-based alloys were investigated. The friction and wear properties of the alloy were studied by ball-disc wear tester. The morphology after wear of the alloy were observed and analyzed by SEM and EDS. The electrochemical behavior of the alloy in artificial body fluid was studied by electrochemical method, and its corrosion resistance was evaluated by the corrosion morphology. The results show that the wear resistance of Ti-2Cu is better than Ti-1Cu and Ti-3.5Cu. The corrosion resistance of titanium-based alloys improved with the increase of Cu content: Ti-3.5Cu＞Ti-2Cu＞Ti-1Cu.
  • Synthesis and adsorption properties of MoS2/WO3 nanocomposites
    YING Jiani, WANG Xiaojuan, YANG Qian, HU Xianchao, ZHENG Yifan, HUANG Wanzhen
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7062-7069. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.010
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    MoS2/WO3 nanocomposites with sodium tungstate dihydrate, sodium sulfate, sodium molybdate and thioacetamide as raw materials were synthesized via a facile two-step hydrothermal method in a water system without any surfactant and sacrificial template. The phase structure, size, morphology, adsorption properties and surface area of MoS2/WO3 nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, FT-IR spectrograph, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and Brunauner-Emmett-Teller measurements. The results show that the MoS2/WO3 samples exhibited a higher surface area (139.9 m2/g), optimal nanostructures and excellent adsorption properties. The MoS2/WO3 nanocomposites adsorbent has high selectivity to methylene blue (MB). In the case of 100 mL MB aqueous solution with an initial concentration of 10 mg/L, the removal efficiency of MB by MoS2/WO3 nanocomposites (10 mg) reaches about 100% within a contact time of 60 min (no further photocatalysis) and the adsorption capacities for MB can reach more than 380 mg/g.
  • Research on heat management of power cell based on PCM/foamed copper/porous heat pipe composite phase change materials
    LIU Jun, ZHOU Wei, ZHANG Wencan, TONY Shay
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7070-7075. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.011
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    In this paper, this paper studies the thermal management of composite phase change materials on the thermal performance of power batteries,Including the type of heat pipe, environmental temperature, discharge rate, number of heat pipes and composite phase change materials, etc. By changing the mechanical structure of the composite phase change material and the heat conducting copper tube, the influence of the thermal performance of the power battery was enhanced. In this paper, the thermal performance of the composite phase change material and the heat conduction copper tube was experimentally investigated.The results show that the heat dissipation effect of the high-rate (4, 5 C, transient) discharge of the power battery pack at different ambient temperatures (30, 35 ℃) does not increase with the increase of the usage, and the cooling effect has uncertainties. The temperature of the power battery pack under its operating conditions is higher than the temperature of the PCM (265.9 g) operating conditions generally.In the case of changing the amount of PCM/foamed copper/porous heat pipe composite phase change material,when the coupling module of PCM/foamed copper/porous heat pipe composite phase change material is 343.7 g in different ambient temperature and different working conditions under experimental verification,the thermal conductivity of the phase change material is improved, the internal temperature difference can be reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. It is superior to other coupling modules and has good heat dissipation performance. The coupling of the thermally conductive copper tube and the composite phase change material is feasible.
  • Simulation analysis on temperature field of buckypaper/SMP composites
    ZHANG Aying, LYU Haibao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7076-7081. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.012
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    For the optimal design of the embedded methods and size parameters of buckypaper in the buckypaper/SMP composites, FLUENT is used to analyze the effect of shape and thickness of buckypaper on the temperature distribution of the buckypaper/SMP composites in the heating process. The analysis show that, compared with composites reinforced by flat buckypaper, the maximum and average temperature of the composites reinforced by pulse bending buckypaper are lower, the heating rate is slowly and the time to reach the steady state is shorter in the heating process under the same working conditions, but the temperature distribution is more even. It is concluded that the shape and thickness of buckypaper can change the unit volume heat of buckypaper, thereby affecting the temperature field distribution of buckypaper/SMP composites. When the unit volume heat of buckypaper is bigger, the heat production is bigger, the maximum and average temperature are higher, and the temperature distribution is more uneven. Because the heat dissipation rate is lower than the increase rate of heat production, it takes longer time for buckypaper/SMP to reach the steady state.
  • Microstructures, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Ni-Cu-P-PTFE composite coatings
    YANG Yuming, LI Wei, LIU Ping, ZHANG Ke, MA Fengcang, CHEN Xiaohong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7082-7087. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.013
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    The effects of Cu addition on the microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Ni-P-PTFE composite coatings were studied in this paper. The microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical workstation, nano-indenter, and friction wear testing machine, respectively. The results show that Cu addition has great influence on the composition, microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Ni-P-PTFE composite coating. With the increase of Cu2+ concentration in the plating solution, Cu content in the coating first increased and then decreased, while the content of Ni, P, and PTFE first decreased and then increased. With the increase of Cu content in the coating, the corrosion resistance and hardness of Ni-Cu-P-PTFE composite coatings improved, while the friction performance decreased.
  • Comparative study on structure and optical properties of TiO2 films by DC magnetron sputtering and energy filtering magnetron sputtering
    ZHAO Zunjie, WANG Zhaoyong, WU Dan, ZHANG Shihui, XIA Yu, YAO Ning
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7088-7092. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.014
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    Energy filtering magnetron sputtering is a kind of thin film preparation technique that has been improved on the basis of magnetron sputtering technology by our group. In this work, a series of TiO2 thin films were prepared by changing the mesh size of the filtering electrode with the energy filtering magnetron sputtering technique. The effect of mesh size on the phase structure, surface morphology and optical properties of the films was studied, and compared with the TiO2 thin films which were prepared by magnetron sputtering. The results show that the energy filtering magnetron sputtering technique is superior to the magnetron sputtering technique. The structure of the films was more uniform, the transmittance of the film increased from 86.5% to 91.4%, the refractive index increased from 1.61 to 1.68 at the wavelength of 500 nm, and the extinction coefficient decreased from 0.42 to 0.12 at the wavelength of 300 nm. There is a periodic change in the crystallization properties, surface roughness and optical properties of the films prepared by the energy filtering magnetron sputtering technique at different filtering electrode mesh size. The crystallization properties, the uniformity and the transmittance of the films prepared by the energy filtering magnetron sputtering technique are the best when the filtering electrode mesh number is 8.
  • Study on photocatalytic activities of Bi2WO6 coupled with wide-band-gapsemiconductor titanium oxide under visible light irradiation
    LU Mingjian, YANG Zhou, ZHAO Wenfeng, LI Yan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7093-7098. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.015
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    Based on the nanoscale coupling effect, Bi2WO6/TiO2 nanocomposites photocatalysts were synthesized by sol-dip-coating method. The obtained Bi2WO6/TiO2 photocatalyst was characterized and analyzed by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis, XPS, PL, respectively. And their photo-catalytic activities were evaluated for the degradation of ethylene under visible light irradiation. The result show that Bi2WO6/TiO2 nanocomposites have higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2 and pure Bi2WO6. When the coating ratio of Bi2WO6/TiO2 is 3∶1, the photocatalytic degradation of ethylene under visible light is the highest, which is 5.4 and 2.4 times higher than that of TiO2 and Bi2WO6 ,respectively. The improvement of the photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite is mainly due to the formation of the staggered heterjunctions in the contact interface of TiO2 and Bi2WO6. This can refine the grain and produce lattice defects in the interface of the composite, which could provide more active sites.Therefore, the separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pair is improved, and the spectral response range is extended to the visible light region, thereby the absorption and utilization of light energy is improved.
  • The relationship between dynamic mechanical properties and structure of TiN cermet
    WANG Haitao, ZHANG Zhiyuan, ZHANG Yuanpeng, BAI Yun, LIANG Dejian, CHI Runqiang, PANG Baojun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7099-7105. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.016
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    The quasi-static and dynamic stress-strain curves of the TiN cermet were respectively tested by split Hopkinson pressure bar and pulse echo modulus determination equipment at room temperature. The surface character, microstructure and Ti/N ratio were analyzed by SEM, XRD and XFD before and after sintering. The results showed that the elastic modulus and shear modulus constants of the TiN cermet were in good agreement with the values reported in literatures, whereas Poisson’s ratio was lower than the values reported in literatures. The microstructure and mechanical properties were also discussed.
  • First principles study on transition metal doped monolayer MoS2
    NIU Xingping, ZHANG Shiding, DOU Lixuan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7106-7110. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.017
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    The effect of transition metal doping on electronic structure and optical properties of monolayer MoS2 is conducted by using the plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory method. Calculations indicate that lattice distortion in doped monolayer MoS2 is relative to the magnitude of the covalent radius of doping atom. Analysis of band structure shows that Co, Ni, Cu, Tc, Re and W doping make the transition of energy band structure change from direct to indirect. Besides Cr and W, other doping system induce different number energy levels in the forbidden band of MoS2, and these impurity levels are composed mainly by doping atom-d, S3p and Mo4d. The doping has also changed the optical properties of monolayer MoS2. The static dielectric constant, imaginary part peak of dielectric function, refractive index and conductivity peak are increased with various degrees.
  • Hydrothermal synthesis of Nd3+-doped SiO2 mesoporous molecular sieves and their properties
    CHEN Dong, GU Shijia, ZHAO Yuye, JIANG Wan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7111-7115. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.018
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    In this paper, the Nd3+-doped mesoporous molecular sieves (FDU-12) nanocomposites were synthesized by hydrothermal method with the triblock copolymer (F127) as the template and the ethylorthosilicate (TEOS) (AlCl3) as modifier. Nd3+ was rapidly doped into FDU-12 mesoporous molecular sieves during the synthesis. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), isothermal adsorption-desorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that the element Nd is present in the FDU-12 mesoporous molecular sieve in the +3 valence state. The synthesized FDU-12/Nd molecular sieve has a regular face-centered cubic pore structure. When the sample is subjected to fluorescence test with the LED laser 808 nm, the characteristic emission peaks of neodymium ions at 912, 1 065 and 1 350 nm indicate that FDU-12/Nd mesoporous molecular sieves exhibit good fluorescence performance and are favorable for achieving high efficiency laser output. FDU-12/Nd mesoporous molecular sieves can be a new type of Nd-doped laser or amplifier materials and have broad application prospects.
  • Synthesis and luminescent properties of two new aromatic tetracarboxylic acids
    MENG Chao, ZHI Taixin, SHI Dabin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7116-7120. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.019
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    Two new extended aromatic tetracarboxylic acids, namely, N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis(4-(4’-carboxyl)biphenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine and N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis(4-(2-carboxylvinyl)phenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine were successfully synthesized from 1,4-dibromobenzene and diphenylamine via Buchwald-Hartwig, bromination, Suzuki coupling, Heck and hydrolytic reaction. Their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to study their photophysics properties. The results show that compound 4 and 6 have UV absorption peaks at 254, 360 and 254, 374 nm in the aqueous solution respectively, and their emission maxima in the aqueous solution are 530 and 525 nm excited by 360 and 374 nm respectively. Moreover, compound 4 and 6 possess green fluorescent properties and good fluorescence quantum efficiency.
  • Residual stress of aluminum nitride ceramics sintered at high pressure
    LI Xiaolei, WANG Hongliang, CAO Xinxin, MA Hongan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7121-7124. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.020
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    AlN ceramics were prepared by high-pressure sintering at 5.0 GPa and 1 700 ℃ for 75-125 min in a cubic anvil high-pressure and high-temperature apparatus (China type) without sintering additives. The residual stresses have been evaluated by micro-Raman spectroscopy in AlN ceramics sintered at high pressure. The influence of sintering time on the residual stress was studied, and the causes and elimination method of residual stress were investigated. The results show that the Raman spectra can effectively measure the residual stresses in AlN body materials. The residual compression stress of the AlN ceramics sintered at 5.0 GPa and 1 700 ℃ for 125 min is 2.0 GPa, which increases with the extension of the sintering time. Residual compression stress of the AlN ceramics sintered at 5.0 GPa and 1 700 ℃ for 75 min is 1.4 GPa. It is important to point out that the stress arises from lattice mismatch and distortion. And high pressure sintering is considered to be the main factor that would cause the lattice distortion of the ceramics. Annealing is an effective method which removes residual stresses in AlN ceramics.
  • Study on mechanical properties of abandoned glass fiber reinforced phosphate concrete
    ZHENG Hongyong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7125-7128. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.021
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    The short fiber reinforced phosphate concrete was prepared by using environment-friendly materials such as abandoned glass fiber, phosphate, fly ash and sand aggregate. The mechanical properties of concrete, such as tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength were studied by electronic universal testing machine. The failure mechanism of glass fiber in concrete was studied by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that glass fiber reinforced phosphate concrete had excellent mechanical properties. The fiber length was 13 mm. The compressive strength, tensile strength and bending strength of fiber reinforced concrete with a fiber volume fraction of 2% were 56.6, 2.96 and 10.1 MPa, respectively, which increased by 12.3%, 46% and 260% compared with those of concrete without glass fiber. The mechanical properties were comparable to Portland cement concrete. The fiber failure mechanism of glass fiber reinforced concrete is the fiber fracture mechanism, not the fiber pulling mechanism.
  • Study on the effect of carbon nanotube on the properties of magnesium phosphate cement
    LI Yue, XIE Mengyang, LIN Hui, LI Yaqiang, WANG Zigeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7129-7133. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.022
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    In this paper, the effects of different carbon nanotube content on the mechanical and electrical properties of magnesium phosphate cement were studied, and the composition and microstructure of MPC were analyzed by mercury intrusion method, XRD and FTIP. The results show that with the increase of the amount of carbon nanotubes, the compressive strength of magnesium phosphate cement increases first and then decreases, and the optimum content is 0.03%. The porosity of MPC increases and conductivity decreases with the increase of carbon nanotube content. The addition of a certain amount of carbon nanotubes can promote the hydration of magnesium phosphate cement, but no new hydration products are produced.
  • Synthesis and antibacterial activity of acrylate resin with capsaicin in the side chain
    ZHAO Haizhou, NI Chunhua, YU Liangmin, LI Xia
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7134-7137. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.023
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    The acrylate resin with capsaicin in the side chain was synthesized with self-made compound 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-methylthio benzyl acrylamide (HMMBA) and acrylate monomer by radical polymerization, and the structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectra (1H NMR). The effects of the amount of initiator, polymerization temperature and polymerization time on the resin synthesis were investigated and the optimal synthesis conditions of the resin were determined as follows. The amount of initiator was 1.5% of monomer mass, the polymerization temperature was 100 ℃ and the polymerization time was 8 h. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized resin was tested by using the common bacteria Escherichia coli in the nature as the tested bacteria. The experimental results showed that the antibacterial rate of the prepared resin to Escherichia coli increased with the increase of HMMBA content.
  • A highly sensitive colorimetric molecular imprinted photonic crystal for the detection of trace tetracycline
    QIN Liyan, SHI Dongjian, CHEN Mingqing, LIU Shirong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7138-7143. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.024
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    A colorimetric molecular imprinted photonic crystal sensor(MIPC) prepared based on the combination of a colloidal crystal templating method and a molecular imprinting technique has become a new detection method for macromolecules. The number of imprinted sites and the structural integrity of three-dimensional channels are two key factors influencing the responsiveness. In this paper, a new functional monomer, itaconic acid which has two active carboxyl groups in the single molecule, was adopted to form a highly sensitive colorimetric MIPC film for the detection of trace tetracycline with the aid of the "sandwich" structure to control the filling of the precursor fluid. After removal of the colloidal crystal template and the molecularly imprinted template, the final inverse opal MIPC film was obtained. The Bragg diffraction peak displacement of the film reached 111 nm, and its macroscopic color changed from purple to yellow-green when the concentration of tetracycline in the range of 10-9 mol/L to 10-4 mol/L which can be clearly identified by naked eyes. In this case, a sensitive, visible and convenient sensor was obtained, the developed method was expected to be applied to clinical and food testing.
  • Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of tungsten on nano zero-valent ions
    ZHAO Changduo, WU Fan, YANG Xiaobo, FAN Meiling, XIA Qibin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7144-7150. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.025
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    Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) was synthesized by the liquid-phase reduction method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscope(TEM), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) method. The adsorption performance of tungsten (HⅥ) on nZVI were investigated by adjusting the parameters, such as additive amount of nZVI, initial concentration of tungsten (Ⅵ) and initial pH value. In addition, the adsorption isotherms and kinetic curves of tungsten (Ⅵ) on nZVI were measured. Results showed that nZVI exhibited a regular core-shell structure with an average particle size of 10-30 nm and a BET surface area of 53 m2/g. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of tungsten (Ⅵ) decreased with the increasing of initial pH value and additive amount of nZVI. The maximum adsorption capacity of tungsten (Ⅵ) reached 172.82 mg/g at 25 ℃.The adsorption isotherms of tungsten(Ⅵ) on nZVI fitted well with Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics of tungsten (Ⅵ) on nZVI could be well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
    • Process & Technology
  • Design and development of a new high spectral coating
    XIA Chenshuo, CHEN Le, SUN Huimin, GUO Xuesong, GU Zhaozhan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7151-7155. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.026
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    The characteristics and mechanism of the spectral curves of green plants were analyzed in the 400-2 500 nm band. On this basis, BaCl2·2H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O and chrome green were used as the basic filler and polyuria was used as a resin matrix to prepare a coating. Test results showed that the coating had a similar spectral curve with green plants in the range of 400-2 500 nm. When compared the spectrum curve with that of mulberry leaves, the correlation coefficient reached 0.9249, the cosine of the similar angle reached 0.9883, and the whole curve fitted the spectral channel green coating requirements. The spectral stability of the coating was tested at high temperature. The results showed that the spectral stability of the coating was good at high temperature. The coating could effectively combat the threat of hyperspectral detection technology.
  • Synthesis of Ni(OH)2 cubic hollow architecture and their application in AA detection
    HE Gege, TIAN Liangliang, LI Lu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7156-7160. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.027
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    As a transition metal hydroxide, Ni(OH)2 has the advantages of abundant reserves, low price and high catalytic performance. Inspired by kinetics, the hollow structure has a large specific surface area, good internal space and orderly passageway, which can effectively improve the electrocatalytic activity of the material. In this work,Ni(OH)2 cubic hollow architecture is constructed through coordinating etching and precipitating method. Ni(OH)2 electrode exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity in terms of high sensitivity (1 678 μA/(cm2·mM)), the lower detection limit (0.25 μM) and reliable stability. This work shows that the Ni(OH)2 of the hollow porous architecture has practical application for testing ascorbic acid. The construction provides an effective nanoengineering strategy for high-performance electrocatalysts.
  • Preparation and properties of contact flexible electrode based on cellulose fiber fabric
    QIN Haiming, WU Kunze, LI Junrong, QIAN Liying
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7161-7165. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.028
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    Cellulose fiber fabric with excellent electrical conductivity was prepared by in situ silver plating method. The effects of AgNO3 concentration, glucose content and temperature on the silver plating and conductivity of the fabric were investigated. The electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, hydrophobicity and coating combination of silver-plated cotton fabrics were analyzed by means of surface resistance test, tensile strength, contact angle and washing resistance. The surface resistance of the silver-plated cotton fabric is as low as 75 mΩ/□. The scanning electron microscope images show that the surface of the fiber is evenly covered with silver nanoparticles. After plated with silver, the hydrophilic surface of cellulose fibers is transformed into hydrophobic surfaces and the thermal stability and mechanical properties of cotton fabric are improved significantly. Conductive fabric has good washing resistance and is expected to be used as electrode material for wearable intelligent fabric.
  • Preparation of high viscosity dimethicone with NKC-9 catalyzed D4 ring-opening polymerization
    CAI Tianyu, DENG Jianguo, ZHOU Yuanlin, MA Chunyan, JI Lanxiang, BAI Xiaofeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7166-7169. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.029
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    Here a convenient method for preparation of high viscosity dimethicone with ring-opening polymerization of octmethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and end-capped with hexamethyldisiloxane (MM) catalyzed with highly active and low corrosive strong acidic cation exchange resin(NKC-9) was explored. The influences of catalyst dosage, polymerization time, polymerization temperature and end-capped reagent on the polymerization were studied. The results exhibited that when n(D4)∶n(MM)=75, catalyst dosage was 7wt% of the amount of D4, polymerization temperature was 80 ℃ and its time was 3.5 h, the yield of the dimethicone obtained was 88.51% and the viscosity was 23 520 mPa·s.
  • In situ synthesis of the Ag/AgBr/AgVO3 composite photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity
    YI Junhui, SONG Jiaxing, MO Huimei, XIE Haimei, YANG Yupeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7170-7174. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.030
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    Ag/AgBr/AgVO3 composite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized through an in situ ion exchange technique and photo reduction method using one dimensional AgVO3 as substrate. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) were used to study their structure, morphology, chemical state and optical absorption property of the obtained samples. Acid orange Ⅱ(AO-Ⅱ) was used as simulated pollutants, and their photocatalytic activity were investigated under visible light irradiation. The test results show superior visible-light-driven photocatalytic activities in degradation of AO-Ⅱ compared with pristine AgVO3 and AgBr/AgVO3. The degradation efficiencyruns up to 84 percent after 60 min of visible light exposure, and keeps a good stability. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the synergistic effects between AgBr and AgVO3 heterostructure and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag nanoparticles (NPs). Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism and the active species in the photocatalytic process were investigated by adding different sacrificial agents.
  • Preparation of phosphated graphene oxide and its adsorption properties for Gd3+
    YANG Qiyi, REN Sili, XU Haiyan, JIA Weihong, LIU Hongxia, WANG Jinqing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7175-7182. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.031
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    In this work, the phosphated graphene oxide (PGO) was successfully prepared using the precursor graphene oxide (GO) on the basis of the high-coordination capability of phosphines-groups with rare earth ions. The chemical properties of PGO were characterized by XRD, FT-IR and XPS, while its morphology and microstructure were investigated by TEM, SEM and BET, respectively. In addition, the adsorption properties of PGO in Gd3+ solution were measured. Comparing with GO, the adsorption properties of PGO and the key factors on Gd3+ solution were studied. The results showed that PGO is a two-dimensional and surface-phosphated carbon material, and the chemical absorption controlled by group-coordination was the main adsorption mechanism. The optimal adsorption capability could be achieved under the conditions of 120 min, 20 ℃ and the solution with the pH value of 4. The optimal adsorption capability of PGO was 351.85 mg/g, which was improved by 47.52% compared with the value of 238.51 mg/g for GO.
  • Preparation and characterization of hydrazone bond covalent organic polymer based on Schiff-base reaction
    ZHANG Chengjiang, YUAN Xiaoyan, ZHOU Yaping, WANG Anjun, YUAN Zeli
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7183-7187. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.032
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    A new hydrazone bond covalent organic polymer (BTH-PD-COP) was well designed and successfully synthesized based on the principle of Schiff-base reaction and the concept of reticular chemistry with 1,3,5-Benzenetricarbohydrazide (BTH) and 1,4-phthalaldehyde (PD) as organic monomers. The structure and properties of BTH-PD-COP materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 13C solid state NMR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results show that the BTH-PD-COP material has excellent physical and chemical properties.
  • Synthesis of a novel metal organ frames material and study on adsorption performance of dye wastewater
    HUI Yuanfeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7188-7191. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.033
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    A novel MOF material [Zn3O (H2O)2] [(mttb)·2DMF ]L· 2H2O was successfully prepared under hydrothermal conditions with 4,4′,4″,4′′′-silanctctra-yltctrabcnzoic (SiH4L) and 5-(4-(4H-1,2,3-tria-zol-5-yl)phenyl)-1H-tetrazole (mttb) as the organic ligands. Single crystal X-ray diffractometer was used to determine its structure. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis further proved that the sample was in pure phase. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and N2 adsorption/desorption analysis further analyzed the physical property. Finally, the adsorption performance of methylene blue using MOF as the adsorbent was investigated.
  • Synthesis and properties of optically active methylacrylamide polymer
    YAN Huijun, XU Huabei, XIE Wei, ZHANG Xiaoshan, JIANG Yanli, YANG Lipeng, BAI Jianwei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7192-7196. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.034
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    One chiral vinyl monomer N-(S)-(phenyl glycine ethyl ester) methyl acrylamide (S-OCB) bearing one chiral center was synthesized via two-step reaction. The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of optically active S-OCB with MMA was carried out under various conditions to obtain the diblock copolymers. IR, GPC and DSC were employed to characterize the properties of the products. As evidenced by the nearly linear relationship between the concentration of S-OCB and number-average molecular masses (Mn) of the polymers, a good control of polymerization was achieved with this system. This control of the polymerization was also supported by the relatively low polydispersity. Copolymer 2, Copolymer 3 and Copolymer 5 were coated onto silica gel as the chiral stationary phase (CSP) for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The CSPs exhibited superior chiral recognition ability for cobalt tris(acetylacetonate).
  • Preparation of silver nanoparticles with multiform morphologies
    LIU Jintao, MA Yunzhu, LIU Wensheng, TANG Siwei, HUANG Yufeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7197-7203. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.035
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    With the development of electronic components in the direction of miniaturization, precision and flexibility, the nanoscale of metal conductive filler has become an inevitable trend of silver paste. In this paper, liquid phase reduction method was used to control the growth process of silver nanoparticles through the addition of various surfactants, and multiform morphologies such as spherical, flaky and cubic silver nanoparticles were prepared, and their growth mechanism was revealed. The results showed that with the increasing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) concentration, the dispersion of nano silver particles has been gradually optimized. When the concentration of PVP was 2 mmol/L, well dispersed spherical silver nanoparticles with an average diameter of about 20 nm were prepared. Sodium citrate and hydrogen peroxide were added to induce transformation of silver nanoparticles to the lamellar structure. When the concentration of sodium citrate was 20 mmol/L and hydrogen peroxide concentration was about 25 mmol/L, the formation of a large number of flake silver nanoparticles could be observed. Sodium chloride (NaCl) could induce transformation of silver nanoparticles to the cubic structure. When the concentration of NaCl was 20 mmol/L, cubic silver nanoparticles with regular shape could be obtained.
  • Effect of insulation content on the magnetic properties of Fe-Si-Al soft magnetic powder core
    HAN Shijie, WU Peng, ZHANG Zheng, TANG Fenglin, SU Hailin, WU Yiming, DU Youwei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7204-7209. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.036
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A uniform and continuous silica layer was coated on the surface of Fe-Si-Al powder by using a silica nanoparticle/epoxy resin composite insulation method. The Fe-Si-Al powder cores with different insulation contents were prepared through adjusting the addition amount of the silica nanoparticles. The influence of the silica insulation content on the magnetic properties of the formed powder core was studied in detail. It was found that increasing the silica insulation content decreases the effective permeability and improves the DC-bias performance, while the core loss exhibits different variation tendencies at different frequencies or at different magnetic flux densities. The fact that the addition of the nonferromagnetic silica insulation material with a high resistivity into the powder core, which can dilute the magnetic moment per volume, enhance the demagnetization field, inhibit the magnetization process, increase the hysteresis loss and decrease the eddy-current loss was regarded as the underlying mechanism for the core’s magnetic properties varying with the silica insulation content. And the variation of the total loss at different frequencies or at different magnetic flux densities for the cores with different insulation contents was believed to be determined by the competition between the hysteresis loss and the eddy-current loss. Compared with the regular commercial sendust 60μ powder core products, the Fe-Si-Al powder cores fabricated in this work were proved to possess a much higher DC-bias performance.
  • Synthesis and characterization of PLZT nanocrystalline powders
    ZENG Yang, WANG Lielin, XIE Hua, WANG Wenwen, HU Dengchao, FENG Zhiqiang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7210-7214. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.037
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    The PLZT (10/65/35) ceramic powder was synthesized by sol-gel pyrolysis. The samples were analyzed by thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that a single PLZT crystal can be achieved when the precursors are sintered at 900-1 000 ℃. The phase of PLZT ceramics will be changed and decomposed into ZrO2 and Pb0.64La0.206Ti0.949O2.846 when the sintering temperature exceeds 1 100 ℃. SEM analyses reveal that the powder samples are nanocrystals. TEM analyses show that the PLZT grains are of spherical and polycrystalline structure.
  • Effects of sodium bentonite on structures and properties of foamed concrete
    XIE Yue, LI Jun, LU Zhongyuan, JIANG Jun, NIU Yunhui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(7): 7215-7220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.07.038
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Through using the swelling of montmorillonite in bentonite, sodium bentonite pre-saturated slurry was used to partially replace prefabricated foams for different volume fraction (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) and prepare foamed concrete. Optical microscope, MIP, XRD and SEM were used to represent the air-void structure, mineral composition and microstructure of foamed concrete. Moreover, effects of sodium bentonite on compressive strength and thermal conductivity of hardened foamed concrete were investigated. The results show that the substitutive utilization of sodium bentonite pre-saturated slurry could optimize both the air-void structure and pore size distribution of foamed concrete, increase the number of capillary pores and improve the mechanical property and the thermal insulation property of hardened samples.
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