31 October 2017, Volume 48 Issue 10
    

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    Focuses & Concerns
  • Progress in research of TiO2/ACF composite photocatalytic materials
    WU Miaomiao,LI Mingyang,LIU Jiahao,LIU Yudan,LI Guohua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10001-10008. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.001
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    Activated Carbon Fibers with TiO2 loaded can solve the industrial application problems of separation and regeneration of nano-titanium dioxide particles. Generally, titanium dioxide can be loaded on activated carbon fibers via physical methods (powder sintering, coupling, etc. ) or chemical methods (sol-gel, hydrothermal process, chemical vapor deposition, etc. ). In the paper, the recent progress in TiO2/ACF composite photocatalytic materials has been reviewed, including the preparation methods of the composite materials, the degradation process of pollutants by composite photocatalysts and the synergistic mechanism between titanium dioxide and activated carbon fibers. The best method for preparing TiO2/ACF composite photocatalytic materials was explored.
  • Addition of Co, Fe to regulate the structure and hydrogen storage property of (TiZr)1.1Cr2.0 alloy
    XU Li,SHENG Peng,LI Jigang,JIANG Xiaojing,LI Xingguo, LIU Haizhen,LIU Shuangyu, ZHAO Guangyao,WANG Bo,HAN Yu,CHEN Xin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10009-10012. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.002
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    (Ti0.9Zr0.1)1.1Cr2.0-xMx (M=Co or Fe, x=0-0.1) alloys were prepared by argon plasma arc melting, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), pressure-composition-temperature (PCT), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed on the structure and hydrogen storage capacity of this series of alloys. The result showed that the structure of this kind alloys was all C14 type Laves phase. From the PCT measurement, the hydrogen absorption and desorption of this alloys had weak hysteresis effect. Using some amount of Co or Fe to substitute for partial Cr of (Ti0.9Zr0.1)1.1Cr2.0decreased the volume of cell unit, and increased the absorption platform pressure. At the condition of 293-304 K, the addition of Co had no obvious effect on the maximum hydrogen storage, but reduced the reversible hydrogen storage. The maximum hydrogen storage didn’t change at 293-304 K and the reversible hydrogen storage increased at 293-324 K when Fe substituted for partial Cr. The temperature of desorption about the residual hydrogen was not impacted by Co substituting for partial Cr, but increased from 613-713 K to 653-733 K when Fe replaced partial Cr.
  • Synthesis and characterizations of linear alkyl modified hydrophobic graphene oxide
    JIANG Yun,LIN Run,ZHANG Tao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10013-10016. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.003
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    Graphene oxide (GO) have attracted substantial attentions in various area owing to its unique structure and extraordinary properties. In this study, a hydrophobic GO derivative was prepared by simply reacting GO with linear dodecyl isocyanate. In order to verify the structure of modified GO, multiple characterization methods including Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) were performed and the results suggested that the linear alky chains have successfully grafted onto the GO layers where the hydroxyl and carboxyl of GO were distributed. Compared with pristine GO, the modified hydrophobic GO were confirmed a remarkably hydrophobicity.
  • Molecular dynamics simulation to the thermal conductivity of bimodal nanocrystalline Cu-Ag
    ZHANG Jing,ZHANG Shibing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10017-10023. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.004
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    In the paper,the preparison method of nanocrystalline alloy was described and bimodal nanocrystalline Cu-Ag was obtainedby high pressure sintering method in argon atmosphere.
       The equilibrium molecular dynamics is also used to study the effects ofgrain size and temperature on the thermal conductivity ofnc Cu-Ag at 100-300 K. The effect of theaverage grain size on the thermal conductivity of nc Cu-Ag is investigated by optimizing the cut-off radius and the time step for initial condition of molecular dynamics. At the same time, the results of simulation and experiment results were compared, which show that the simulation results are basically identical with the experimental data. The thermal conductivity of nc Cu-Ag is lower than the coarse grained copper or silver. The decrease of the thermal conductivity of nc Cu-Ag can be mainly attributed to the nano-size effect, due to the reduction of heat transport carrier concentration in fine crystalline structure and strong scattering of carriers at the interface of Cu/Ag nanoparticles.
  • Synthesis of co-catalyst Pt-Co alloy nanoparticles for effective photocatalytic hydrogen production
    DUAN Lixuan,LU Pan,ZHANG Jingxing,WU Qiang,YAO Weifeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10024-10028. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.005
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    Pt-Co alloy nanoparticles in different proportions were synthesized by hydrothermal method, the sizes of which were about 4 nm. The Pt-Co alloy nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of commercial CdS as cocatalyst. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy spectrum analysis (EDS) and so on. The results indicated that Pt-Co alloy nanoparticles were synthesized successfully and loaded perfectly on the surface of commercial CdS. The performances of splitting water to achieve hydrogen under visible light were tested on the condition of simulative solar light. The results illuminated that the performance was best when the molar ratio of Pt and Co was 3∶1, 1 049 μmol/h. The photo-quantum efficiency was up to 36%, which was equal to pure Pt.
    • Review & Advance
  • Application and prospect of field induced resistance material in strong electromagnetic pulse protection
    LIU Jiawei, WANG Jianjiang, XU Baocai
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10029-10035. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.006
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    To realize the dual function of electromagnetic protection under strong electromagnetic pulse and normal work of the electronic equipment in normal electromagnetic environment, an intelligent electromagnetic protection material, field induced resistance material, based on the characteristic of variable impedance is introduced. The shielding material use the insulator/conductor phase transition properties, which can achieve the high impedance state transition to a low resistance state in strong electromagnetic pulse radiation. The field induced resistance material which is applied for electromagnetic protection has the characteristics of electromagnetic energy selection. The safe electromagnetic wave with low power can be transmitted efficiently and the electromagnetic pulse with high power can be effectively shielded. Finally, the material can rapidly achieve the sensing of electromagnetic environment changes and quickly adjust the electromagnetic performance requirements. In this paper, several new materials with variable impedance characteristics are proposed. Their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the future development of electromagnetic energy selective materials is prospected.
  • Research progress in superhydrophobic fabric surface preparation technology
    LI Jie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10036-10041. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.007
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    Superhydrophobic fabric with non-wetting and self-cleaning properties has aroused great interest owing to its potential application in functional textiles. Two models under superhydrophobic state and their relationship are presented, and the influence of surface rough microstructure on contact angle is discussed in this paper. Superhydrophobic fabric surface preparation technology is summarized in this paper, and the development of superhydrophobic surface is prospected.
  • Progress of silicon-based (oxy)nitrides phosphor for white LEDs
    CHEN Hui,LI Haili,ZHANG Na,ZHANG Ruoyu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10042-10045. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.008
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    In this paper, the characteristics, types, preparation methods and application of silicon-based (oxy)nitrides phosphor for white LEDs were introduced. The problems in this kind of phosphor were pointed out and the research future was put forward.
  • Research development and improvement on the durability performance of gerpolymer
    GUO Xiaolu,WU Liang,SHI Huisheng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10046-10054. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.009
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    As a new type of cementitious material, geopolymer has received extensive attention and research in recent years. From the aspects of carbonation resistance, heat resistance, acid corrosion resistance and sulfate resistance, the current status of the researches on the durability of geopolymer are reviewed, and the differences of macro performance between geopolymer and Portland cement are compared. The effects of calcium content and types of alkali activator on carbonation resistance and sulfate resistance, the effects of water content on acid corrosion resistance, and themolecular dynamic simulation process of N-A-S-H gel at elevated temperatures are analyzed respectively. The ways to modify the durability of geopolymer such as nano additives, high temperature curing and adding fiber materials are reviewed.
  • Review on the metal three-dimensional lattice topology configurations research and application status
    YI Changyan,BAI Long,CHEN Xiaohong,LIU Fuqiang,ZHANG Junfang,LONG Zhang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10055-10065. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.010
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    Due to the mechanical property of the metal three-dimensional lattice structures is superior to the solid structures, scholars made many researches on them. In this paper, the research achievements of the three dimensional lattice topology configurations and applications in recent years are summarized. Firstly, reviewing the body-centred-cubic (BCC), face-centred-cubic (FCC), and its derived topology structure, and the pyramid topology. Pointing out that it is difficult to predict the mechanical properties of structures because of the limitation of the machining precision. And the pyramid structures lack a comprehensive and systematic comparison, so it is difficult to specify its mechanical performance. Secondly, graded density lattice structures and steel wire woven structures are described briefly, indicating that they have excellent energy absorption properties, but the premature failure of the lattice structures resultes in the incompletion of the whole structure, and the steel wire woven structures are highly anisotropic and highly dependent on the quality of brazed joints, which are still worthy of further improvement. Thirdly, other several topology configurations are proposed. Finally, the metal three-dimensional lattice structure applications were reviewed, analysis showing that a lot of research is needed because of the immaturity of the processing and filling technology, the too ideal experimental environment.
    • Research & Development
  • Experimental study on pore characteristics of different coarse aggregate concrete based on NMR technique
    LIU Qian, SHEN Xiangdong, XUE Huijun, WANG Renyuan, LIU Zheng, HAN Chao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10066-10070. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.011
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    Based on NMR measurement technology, selecting natural red pumice, black pumice and gravel as coarse aggregate, studies on the pore characteristics of concrete with different coarse aggregate were carried out, and the compression strength of concrete was tested. The results show that the strength of concrete with the age of 28 d declines in sequence from ordinary gravel concrete, black pumice concrete to red pumice concrete.Natural pumice concrete has mainly two peaks in NMR T2 spectrum, while ordinary gravel concrete hasthree.T2 spectral areashows a sequence from large to small as red pumice concrete > black pumice concrete > ordinary gravel concrete. Theproportion of the sum ofthe pores and the non capillary pores in natural pumice concrete is higher than that of ordinary gravel concrete.
  • Research on thermal protection effect of a new thermal protection coat material
    WANG Hongbo,QIAN Lixin,NIU Gongjie,WEI Xueting,LU Yonggang, LU Zhonghua,ZHANG Zhonglin,ZHANG He
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10071-10076. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.012
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    The thermal protection effect of a new thermal protection coat material was researched by fast cook-off and numerical simulation. Based on fast cook-off test, in which the test sample was coated with thermal protection coat but without explosives, the thermal protection effect was investigated. Equivalent thermal physics parameters of thermal protection coat material were obtained by numerical simulation and the numerical simulations were presented to analyze thermal protection performance of new thermal protection coat material. The results indicated that the protection effect of new thermal protection coat material was obvious. The ignition reaction time was effectively delayed. The new thermal protection coat material can obviously gain more time for ammunition succor in fire.
  • Hydrothermal synthesis and photocatalytic performance of BiVO4/rGO
    LIU Nailiang,PANG Bo,LI Shasha,LIAN Xinqiao,YAO Binghua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10077-10081. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.013
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    The BiVO4/reduced graphene oxide (BiVO4/rGO) nanocomposite photocatalyst was synthesized by one-step solvent hydrothermal method using graphene oxide (GO) as carrier and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) as chelating agent.The obtained BiVO4/rGO photocatalyst was characterized and analyzed by XRD,FT-IR,SEM, TEM, UV-Vis diffuse reflection and BET, respectively. Methylene blue (MB) was degraded to evaluate the performances of the photocatalyst materials. The results show that the monoclinic polyhedron structure of BiVO4 nanoparticles (80-100 nm) was uniformly dispersed on the large reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layers surface.The band-gap of BiVO4/rGO (2.21 eV) was narrower than BiVO4 (2.32 eV),which is beneficial to the formation of electron-hole pairs,and the pore size and specific surface area of BiVO4/rGO (4.32 nm, 16.04 m2/g) were higher than these of BiVO4(3.54 nm, 12.17 m2/g). The degradation rate of MB (10 mg/L in aqueous solution) reached to 88.49% in BiVO4/rGO compare with 65.56% in BiVO4 under visible light irradiation in 100 min. The enhancement of photocatalytic activities of BiVO4/rGO photocatalysts can be attributed to rGO providing a transfer channel between photoinducedelectron-hole pairs, which restrained the complex of the electron-hole pairs. The effective electron-hole separation by rGO.
  • P content fluctuationon DH36 ship plate steel mechanical property
    WU Jianzhong,LI Honglang,YANG Wensheng,GUO Hanjie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10082-10088. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.014
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    Based on the industrial big data of DH36 shipboard steel in a domestic steel plant, the mathematical model of DH36 shipboard steel is established by Matlab software, and the effect of P content fluctuation on the mechanical properties of DH36 ship plate steel is investigated. It is found that the impact work, yield strength and tensile strength of DH36 ship plate steel increase first and then decrease with the increase of P content, while the shrinkage rate of DH36 steel plate decreases first and then increases. When the content of P is about 0.02%, the tensile strength, yield strength and tensile strength reach the maximum value, and the shrinkage of the section shows a downward trend, but the range is very small.
  • Research on magnetic field design and temperature distribution in magnetic liquidtumor hyperthermia
    YANG Xiaorui,YANG Qingxin,YANG Wenrong,LIU Dan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10089-10093. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.015
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    Magnetic liquid is a kind of liquid magnetic material and can absorb magnetic field energy into heat in the alternating magnetic field. Magnetic liquid has good biocompatibility as the thermal medium for tumor treatment. Based on the magnetocaloric effect, the coil for experiment was designed, and the uniformity and intensity of the magnetic field was simulated. A three-dimensional simulation model of magnetic liquid tumor hyperthermia was established. The effects of injection volume and injection points of magnetic liquid on the temperature field in tumor tissue were studied. The simulated results show that the temperature of the tumor tissue increases with the injection volume and the injection points of the magnetic liquid. Finally, the experimental device for biological tissue was built. The temperature data the biological tissue are measured. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.
  • Effects of Mn doping concentration on electronic structure and magnetic properties of Mn-N co-doped ZnO
    QIN Yingxing,FU Silie,JIANG Lianjiao,DING Luocheng, WU Xianqiu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10094-10098. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.016
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    The formation energy, energy gap structure, density of states and ferromagnetism of ZnO single-doped Mn and Mn-N co-doped dopant system at 1∶1 and 2∶1 were calculated respectively using first-principles super-soft pseudopotential method. The calculated results show that the single doped Mncan not obtain the stable ZnO doping system, but Mn-N co-dopedcan form p-type ZnO. Compared by Mn-N co-doped (Mn doping concentration of 6. 25%), Mn-N co-doped dopant system at 2∶1 (Mn doping concentration of 12. 5%) has lower formation energy and a higher chemical stability. Further studies on the magnetic properties of ZnO doping system show that the single-doped Mn and Mn-N co-doped both make the ZnO system ferromagnetism, and its magnetic properties mainly come from Mn 3d electrons. The increase of Mn doping concentration in Mn-N co-doped dopant system at 2∶1 leads to the increase of the total magnetic moment and the enhancement of ferromagnetism.
  • The influence of LHM on the distribution of the electromagnetic field inside the cavity
    DUAN Jiming,WANG Fuzhong,ZHANG Huichun,ZHANG Guanglu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10099-10103. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.017
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    The optimization of the electromagnetic field distribution inside the cavity is restricted by dielectric loss and mode interference in the process of resonator design, therefore it is difficult to design a high quality factor resonator. In this paper, according to the special natures of the “left-handed materials”, the method of theoretical calculation has been used to calculate the electromagnetic field distribution inside the cavity. And the results have been simulated by the software of HFSS. The results show that the filling of LHM can improve the distribution of the electromagnetic field inside the cavity. LHM can both concentrate the distribution and increase the strength of the electromagnetic field in central part of cavity, compared with the traditional materials. The strength of electric field can reach 3.5009×10-1 V/m, which is a thirteen percent increase over the vacuum, and a four percent increase than filling the air. And the strength of the magnetic field can get to 5.8722×10-3 A/m, which is a one hundred and fifty-six percent over the vacuum, and a one hundred and thirty-four percent increase than filling the air. The simulation results of the high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) are in conformity with the results of the theoretical calculation. The method overcomes the limitation of the traditional material in optimizing the electromagnetic field distribution in the cavity and can provide a theoretical guidance for the design of new cavity.
  • Effect of the distance of the doped Mn ion on the magnetic property and absorption spectrum of ZnO
    WANG Lei,GUAN Yuqin,HOU Qingyu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10104-10112. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.018
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    Undoped ZnO and Mn double doped ZnO supercell models with and without oxygen vacancy had been built by using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) plane wave pseudopotential method based on the spin density functional theory (DFT). The effects of distance change (along c axis and perpendicular to c axis respectively) of double magnetic ions Mn on the structural stability, magnetic properties and optical properties of ZnO were analyzed. With the gradual increase of distance of magnetic ions, the formation energy of ZnO without oxygen vacancy gradually decreased both along c axis and perpendicular to c axis, while the formation energy of ZnO with oxygen vacancy decreased perpendicular to c axis but increased along c axis. The antiferromagnetism of configuration with or without oxygen vacancy decreased along both c axis and perpendicular to c axis, but more significantly along c axis, and the antiferromagnetism decrease of configuration with oxygen vacancy was more obvious than that of configuration without oxygen vacancy. Absorption spectrum of configuration without oxygen vacancy red shifted along c axis and blue shifted perpendicular to c axis, but red-shift was observed in the absorption spectrum of configuration with oxygen vacancy both along c axis and perpendicular to c axis.
  • Study on preparation and properties of multicomponent copolymers/silver
    YANG Bo,TANG Jianguo,WANG Yao,LIU Jixian,HUANG Linjun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10113-10118. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.019
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    A new ionic polymer matrix: poly(styrene-co-butyl acrylate-co-sodium allyl sulfonate) was synthesized by semi continuous emulsion polymerization, and the structure and morphology were characterized. A novel ionic polymer composite electric driving materials (IPCEDM) was fabricated with silver modified carbon fiber (SM-CF) electrode layer covering the surface of poly (St-co-BA-co-SAS) film, which reduced the fabricating cost significantly, and the electric properties were also studied preliminarily. The results revealed that IPCEDM based on the poly (St-co-BA-co-SAS) matrix were provided with good energy conversion mechanism between electrical energy and mechanical energy; as the working voltage (3-7 V) increases, the initial deformation speed, deformation time and maximum deformation angle all increase. Water content is a major factor affecting the electric driving performance. Both electric driving performance and ion exchange performance can be effectively enhanced as water content (38%, 42%, 51%) increase.
  • Preparation and properties of nano-particle modified stilbene fluorescent brightener
    ZHANG Guanghua,LU Yuqun,GUO Mingyuan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10119-10125. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.020
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    In this paper, using 4, 4’- diamino stilbene-2, 2’-disulfonic acid (DSD acid) and cyanuric chloride as raw materials, ethanol amine, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-540) and stilbene type fluorescent whitening agent were combined into one molecule through the nucleophilic substitution reaction. Then, using the products as the raw material, the SiO2 fluorescent composite nanoparticles containing stilbene type fluorescent whitening agent were prepared by the improved Stober hydrolysis method. The structure was determined by infrared spectroscopy, the morphology and thermal stability of the films were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nano-particle size analyzer and thermogravimetry (TG), and the photophysical chemistry were characterized by UV-Vis spectrum and fluorescence spectrum. The effect of fluorescent nanoparticles on the yellowing inhibition of chemical pulp was investigated by UV accelerated aging experiments. The experimental results show that on the use of performance, with the same amount of fluorescent whitening agent, the whitening effect on paper and light inhibition effect were improved after nanoparticles modification.
  • Study on electrochemical performance of polyaniline/mesocarbon microbeads composite prepared by different oxidizing agent
    HE Mingji,ZHONG Xinxian,HUANG Hanxing,WANG Hongqiang, MAO Quanyuan,LI Qingyu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10126-10129. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.021
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    In this work,polyaniline/mesocarbon microbeads (PANI/MCMB) composite was prepared by situ chemical polymerization in room tempetarure, using manganese dioxide or ammonium persulfate as oxidizing agents, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) were carried out to characterize the structure and morphology of PANI/MCMB composite. Symmetric redox supercapacitor was assembled with PANI/MCMB composite as active electrode material and 1.0 mol/L H2SO4 aqueous solution as electrolyte. The electrochemical characteristics of these supercapacitors were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge/discharge tests. These results show that single specific capacitance of MPANI/MCMB composite electrode prepared by manganese dioxides is 336.4 F/g in current density for 0.1 A/g, which is higher than NPANI/MCMB electrode prepared by ammonium persulfate. After 1 000 charge/discharge cycles, the capacity retention of MPANI/MCMB composite is 92.3 %, which is better than NPANI-MCMB electrode materials.
  • The synthesis and chelating properties of a bis(catecholamine) derivative
    ZHANG Qingchun,SHI Zhaotao,JIN Bo,PENG Rufang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10130-10136. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.022
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    In order to get a uranyl ligand with high efficiency, low toxicity and selectivity, a bis(catecholamine) ligand was synthesized by incorporating the catecholamine chelate moiety into molecular scaffolds with flexible alkyl chain and β-diketone. The structure of the synthesized compounds was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and APCI-MS. The chelating properties of the ligand with UO22+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions were investigated by spectrophotometric titration and potentiometric titration techniques. The results indicated that the bis(catecholamine) ligand has effective binding ability with UO22+ and Cu2+, but weak bingding ability with Zn2+. Its pM values are 20.98, 15.14 and 7.31, respectively, which indicated that the bis(catecholamide) ligand has a selective binding ability with UO22+ and can be a potential decorporation agent in future.
  • Study on piezoresistivity and thermosensitivity of magnetorheological elastomers filled by nickel particles
    WEN Hui,LIAO Changrong,LIAO Ganliang,XIE Lei,FAN Yuqin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10137-10141. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.023
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    Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) has potential in the field of flexible tactile sensing because of its good pressure and temperature sensitive resistance features. Using carbonyl nickel powders as the filling conductive media and silicone rubber as the matrix, MRE samples with uniform particle dispersion and magnetically structured particle chains were prepared, respectively. The piezoresistivity properties at different temperatures and the thermosensitivity behaviors were investigated respectively. The effects of particle volume fraction, voltage, and magnetic chains of nickel powders on the piezoresistivity of MRE were analyzed. Besides, the piezoresistivity of MRE under different temperatures was also analyzed. The results show that at low voltages, the MRE with particle volume fraction of 26% has a good linear relationship between the pressure and the logarithmic resistance, as well as a wide pressure-sensing range. MRE with magnetic chain structures significantly enhances its piezoresistive sensitivity. In addition, when there exists a consistent trend, all the temperature-resistance curves under different constant pressures decline first and then rise.
  • Synthesis and characterization of reactive shape memory polyurethane based on DMBA
    LEI Guojiao,LUO Yanfeng,WANG Jinfeng,WANG Yuanliang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10142-10148. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.024
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    A reactive shape memory polyurethane (PUU-COOH) was prepared via a solution polymerization. Wherein, dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA) used as the functional ingredient and chain extender has been cooperated into the hard segment to endow a polyurethane with a large number of reactive carboxyl-groups. The bioactive maters named PUU-RGDS were synthetized with the reaction of NH2 and COOH from NH2-RGDS and PUU-COOH using EDC as condensation agents and the reactivity of COOH from PUU-COOH was confirmed. The chemical structure and properties of materials were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR, GPC, DSC, tensile investigation, rhodamine dye-interaction method and acid-base titration. The results indicate that PUU-COOH with shape memory effect and bio-functional groups has been synthesized by introducing DMBA. The materials could be fundamental materials to form a smart and shape memory biomaterials for improving cell growth and weak stress-shielding.
  • Preparation and characterization of modified diatomite/fatty acid form-stable phase change material
    MENG Duo, WANG Dongxu, WANG Lijiu, ZHANG Dan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10149-10153. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.025
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    A kind of form-stable phase change material (PCM) was prepared by vacuum impregnation method using binary eutectic of capric acid and lauric acid as thermal absorbing core material and diatomite modified by high-temperature roasting and sulfuric acid leaching as the supporting matrix. Different solid-liquid separation methods were conducted for desiccation of the form-stable PCMs to obtain the best one. The compositions, structural characteristics, thermal properties and thermal stability of the composite PCM were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and thermal cycling test. The results showed that the porosity and absorptive property of the modified diatomite was promoted significantly after being roasted at 500 ℃ for 5 h and acid leached in 50% sulfuric acid for 5 h. The modified diatomite/fatty acid composite PCM had the optimal thermal properties after the single suction filtration treatment. The absorption capacity of fatty acid in the composite was 42.7% (mass fraction) and the latent heat of the composite PCM was 66.65 J/g with a phase change temperature of 17.68 ℃. The modified diatomite was able to absorb and constrain the fatty acid in the pores and behaved good thermal stability. It was concluded that the prepared modified diatomite/fatty acid form-stable PCM was a potential material for thermal insulation and thermal storage building material applications.
  • Effects of yttrium content and thickness on the phase evolution of HfO2 thin films
    YANG Xirui,WANG Xuexia,ZHOU Dayu,XU Jin,YAN Yong,LIANG Hailong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10154-10158. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.026
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    Hafnium oxide has been widely used in fabrication of microelectronic devices as an insulator dielectric material, and stability of its tetragonal or cubic phases with higher dielectric permittivity is controlled by the concentration of dopant elements and the film thickness. In this work, yttrium doped hafnium oxide thin films were prepared on the low resistance silicon substrate by sol-gel method using inorganic aqueous precursor. The crystalline structure of the films were investigated by using X-ray diffraction method, the critical yttrium content and thickness required for stabilization of the tetragonal/cubic phase at room temperature has been identified. The effect of phase structure on the evolution of the dielectric permittivity and the leakage current was reported as well. The results are of technical importance for application of hafnium oxide thin films in micro/nano-structural capacitors.
    • Process & Technology
  • Preparation and properties of chitosan microspheres/nHA/PLGA compound scaffolds contained with PDGF and BMP-2
    BAI Yan,BAI Lijuan,CHEN Huali
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10159-10164. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.027
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    In order to construct a bone regeneration scaffold that could sequentially releasedifferent growth factorsat proper stage, the composite of sustained-release microspheres and biodegradable porous scaffolds was prepared in this study. Firstly, BMP-2 loaded chitosan microspheres (CMs) were prepared and compounded to the nano hydroxyapatite/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (nHA/PLGA) with PDGF to build a scaffold that can release growth factors sequentially. The results showed that the BMP-2-CMs were spherical shape with diameters of 4-10 μm. The encapsulation efficiency of the BMP-2 in CMs was 65.9% and the loading capacity was 0.134%. The prepared PDGF/BMP-2-CMs/nHA/PLGA scaffold possessed 100-200 μm pore diameter, 51.2% porosity, 7.7 MPa compressive strength and 20.1% degradation at 8 weeks. The cumulative releases of PDGF and BMP-2 from PDGF/BMP-2-CMs/nHA/PLGA scaffolds were respectively about 75.0% and 42.2% at 7 d and 79.9% and 53.5% at 14 d. PDGF and BMP-2 released from scaffold could promote cell proliferation and differentiation effectively. The biological activity of these growth factors was more durable and effective. The results demonstrated that PDGF/BMP-2-CMs/nHA/PLGA scaffolds had excellent drug sustained-release performance, which would controllably release PDGF and BMP-2 sequentially and maintain their biological activity effectively.
  • Study on fabrication and application of three phase solid buoyancy material
    ZHOU Yun, WANG Dongsheng, WANG Liping, YIN Yansheng, DONG Lihua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10165-10168. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.028
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    Drilling riser system is a critical component of marine oil drilling, and buoyancy material is an essential for deep-sea drilling riser system. In this paper, three phase epoxy solid buoyancy materials filled with carbon fiber reinforced hollow macrospheres and hollow glass microspheres was prepared by vacuum pour molding. The density of the composite is 0.29-0.52 g/cm3 and the compressive strength is 8.27-32.35 MPa. The water absorption of the composite is less than 3% and hydrostatic pressure resistance is 10-45 MPa. The industrial production of huge reliable solid buoyancy module for 981 semi-submersibleoil platformis also designed and accomplished. The buoyancy module for deep-sea drilling is comprehensively designed, fabricated and characterized.
  • Preparation of Sb2S3 nanowire and its application in photodegradation and photoelectric sensing
    CUI Xiaojing,HE Ou,LI Linhong,YANG Li
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10169-10173. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.029
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    Sb2S3 nanowires have been synthesized via a low-temperature solvothermal routine. XRD, SEM, TEM and SAED were employed to characterize the obtained nanocrystals, showing the orthorhombic phase of the single-crystalline Sb2S3 nanowire. In addition, the electronic valence states of the synthesized product were explored by XPS analysis. The band gap can calculated at about 1.55 eV from UV-visible reflection spectrum. The degradation for RhB under visible light exhibits the Sb2S3 nanowires have excellent photocatalytic activity. Besides, a photoelectric device by using Sb2S3 nanowires was fabricated. Under intermittent irradiation, the nanodevice can deliver an obvious photo-switching effect with a short response and recover time less than 280 ms. These investigations suggest that the prepared Sb2S3 nanowires can be potentially applied in photocatalysis, photoelectric sensing, and others.
  • Preparation of TiO2@SiO2 and its effect on surface photocatalysis and water absorbency of cement-based materials
    WANG Han,WANG Dan,HOU Pengkun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10174-10177. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.030
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    The concrete is widely used in the world. It is known that improvement of the surface quality of the concrete structure, as well as making its surface photocatalytic can extend the service life of concrete and improve the environmental quality. In this paper, nano-SiO2 prepared on the surface of commercial nano-TiO2 by the Stober method was used to make TiO2@SiO2 core-shell nanomaterials. Based on the characterization of the photocatalytic property, the TiO2@SiO2 was applied to the surface treatment of hardened cement mortar with the goal of improving the surface quality of cement mortar by taking the advantage of the chemical reaction of the high pozzolanic reactive nano-SiO2 and the matrix of cement mortar. The results showed that the photocatalytic degradation rate of TiO2@SiO2 was 20% higher than that of commercial P25. Compared with the blank cement sample, TiO2@SiO2 reduced the water absorption by about 10%. The core-shell nanomaterials can make the cement-based materials photocatalytic, and as well as improve the surface quality and the durability of hardened cement-based materials, which provides a new way of the functionalization of cement-based building materials.
  • Study on the technology of sodium polyacrylate in the sanding dispersion of chlorination process titanium dioxide
    YANG Yibang, LI Haiyan, YANG Zhen, LONG Xiang, ZHANG Jianlin, ZHAO Lijuan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10178-10182. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.031
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    In this paper, using titanium dioxide slurry prepared with chlorination process as raw material, the dispersion of titanium dioxide suspended particles sand grinded by sodium polyacrylate has been researched. Compared with the traditional dispersant sodium silicate and sodium hexametaphosphate, the stability, viscosity and particle size distribution of titanium dioxide after sand grinding were tested. The results show that the sodium polyacrylate has better dispersion effect on chlorination process titanium dioxide. Meanwhile, according to the stability and viscosity of titanium dioxide suspended particles, the sodium polyacrylate consumption was optimized. The optimum dosage of sodium polyacrylate is 0.2% of the mass fraction of titanium dioxide. Under this condition, the titanium dioxide has uniform particle size distribution, while the particle size D(0.5) is 0.331 μm and D(0.9) is 0.527 μm. It has good dispersion effect on the agglomeration of titanium dioxide particles.
  • Preparation and characterization of chitosan-based injectable nanocomposite hydrogels
    WANG Yanan,SU Hong,LI Yan,WANG Yuanyuan,YANG Xinlei, FENG Haotian,WU Jian,ZHAO Ansha
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10183-10187. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.032
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    The traditional hydrogel scaffolds are facing the problem of wound trauma, infection and inadaptation of the recipient site, which could lead to scaffold implantation failure. Injectable thermosensitive hydrogels will change their condition from liquid flow to gelation when the hydrogels are injected in the subcutaneous tissue or muscle tissue. They can reach the deep tissues and complete filling of the defect area in minimally invasive surgical procedures without damaging the repair area’s blood supplies. Generally,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell derived factor -1 (SDF-1) have a short half-life.The nanocomposite hydrogels will have good effects on their extended releasing,if the factors are loaded into the nanocomposite hydrogels.In this study, different components chitosan-based injectablehydrogels system wereprepared, and the gel time, the porosity and cytotoxicity of different hydrogels were studied. At the same time, chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticlesloading VEGF and SDF-1 were prepared. The size, zeta potential and the factor release of the nanoparticles were tested.The results showed that the chitosan-based injectable hydrogels are temperature-sensitive and increasing the volume of β-glycerphosphate will reduce the gel times. The SEM micrographs of formed hydrogels showed three-dimensional networks,and the hydrogels showed no cytotoxicity. The particle size distribution of nanoparticlesis uniform and stable, and the results showed a sustained releaseeffect of the nanoparticles in the hydrogels. Thus, itis an effective way to manufacture a safe, reliable and thermosensitive hydrogels,which will be a promising research direction for the future to meet the different needs of biomedical materials.
  • Synthesis and properties of hybrid luminescence materials of earth complexes/MCM-41
    JIANG Yuanru,GAN Junyang,ZHANG Xuanzhuoyi,HUANG Yuan, SUN Qiangqiang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10188-10191. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.033
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    The mesoporous silica materials MCM-41 were synthesized by employing hydrothermal method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as Si source. The solid ternary rare earth complexes Eu(Sal)3Phen was synthesized by ethanol solution method using Eu3+as central ion, salicylic acid as first ligand, and orthophenanthrene as second ligande. Then the as-synthesized rare earth of Eu(Sal)3Phen and MCM-41 molecular sieve were assembled by using impregnation method. Samples were characterized by XRD, IR, SEM and other methods. The results showed that the as-synthetized products were ordered mesoporous materials with good ordered structure and typical uniform aperture size. IR showed that rare earth complexes successfully entered into the MCM-41 pore. XRD analysis showed Eu(Sal)3Phen had good crystallinity. MCM-41 diffraction peak intensity became weak and the ordered mesoporousmaterials reduced after assembling.Underexcitation of 365 nm either near-UV or blue light, intense red emission with a main peak of 623 nm is observed, ascribed to the5D0-7F2 transition of Eu3+ions.When the doped-Eu3+ amount is 9%,the luminescent intensity reaches to the maximum.Meanwhile in the scope of the concentration of 12%, there are no quenching phenomenon.
  • Effect of particle morphology on electrical conductivity in silver print ink synthesized by one-step method
    CAI Wenjun, ZHANG Zhejuan, HU Qiang, CAI Bin, SUN Zhuo
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10192-10197. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.034
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    A simple one-step method for synthesizing nano-silver print ink with high-solid content is introduced in this study. Lauric acid (C12H24O2) is used as the protectant, when hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O) is used as deoxidizer. In this way, the silver conductive ink with the solid content of 14% is fabricated, where the diameter of silver particles is 20 nm. The effects of the silver nitrate amount and hydrazine hydrate content on the morphology and solid content of the products were investigated. The morphology and dimension distribution range of nano-silver print ink are characterized by scanning electron microscope and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. It is concluded that the morphology and solid content are directly affected by the molar concentration of silver nitrate and hydrazine hydrate. After sintering below 200 ℃, the resistance of silver film based on nano-silver print ink was as low as 17 mΩ/□, which established the foundation for the application of nano silver ink in the flexible circuit.
  • Surface modification of anhydrite whisker with mono-alkyl phosphate and the effect on the mechanical properties of PP composites
    HONG Tianzeng,XU Naicai,NAI Xueying,LIU Xin, LV Zhihui,LI Wu,DONG Yaping
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10198-10203. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.035
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    In this study, anhydrite whisker was modified using mono-alkyl phosphate. The modified anhydrite whisker was investigated by contact angle (CA), field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fouier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that mono-alkyl phosphate has remarkable effect on anhydrite whisker. Anhydrite whisker exhibits obviously hydrophobic quality after modification, whose contact angle reaches up to 97°. The thickness of alkyl phosphate layer is 20-50 nm. FT-IR and XPS results show that the phosphate headgroup of mono-alkyl phosphate reacts with Ca on anhydrite whisker surface through forming chemical bonds. —Ca—SO4 and —Ca—O—PO2K—O—R coexist on anhydrite whisker surface. At last, anhydrite whisker/PP composite was prepared to evaluate the influence of whisker on PP mechanical properties. The results showed that the mechanical properties of PP are obviously improved by anhydrite whisker addition. The modified anhydrite whisker has a better interfacial compatibility with PP matrix. The mechanical properties of anhydrite whisker/PP are better than that of anhydrite whisker/PP.
  • Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide modified by rare earth
    LI Yong,ZHAO Yaru,LI Huan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10204-10209. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.036
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    Graphene is an ideal reinforcement for various composites due to its unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties. However, the problem of graphene dispersibility and poor wettability severely limits its further development in composites application. (RE-M-GO) were prepared by impregnation method and heating modifier method. The morphology and phase structure of RE-M-GO were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The changes of functional groups of modified graphene oxide were analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and optical spectra (UV). And the modification mechanism was also discussed. The results show that the dispersibility of rare earth modified graphene oxide is obviously improved. The reaction of rare earth elements with the oxygen-containing functional groups of graphene oxide forms coordination bonds, resulting in a new functional group, which reduces the interfacial energy of graphene oxide and surface energy. Thereby the dispersion of graphene oxide is improved.
  • Application of the Ag nanoparticles in the one dimensional shell-core P3HT/CdS/TiO2 solar cell
    SUN Bao, PEI Juan, HAO Yanzhong, DU Jingwen, ZHANG Sai, LI Yingpin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10210-10214. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.037
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    TiO2 nanorod array films were grown on the FTO conducted glasses under hydrothermal condition. CdS/TiO2 shell-core nanostructures were prepared by immersing the TiO2 nanorod array films into the CdCl2 and Na2S solution successively for several times. Ag nanoparticles were induced into the CdS photosensitive layers through elctrodeposition. To avoid the Ag nanoparticles becoming the recombination centers, the Ag nanoparticls were deposited between the two layers of the CdS shells to form a sandwich structure. The P3HT thin layers were spincoated onto the TiO2 nanorod array films with different CdS/Ag/CdS photosensitive layers to assemble the hybrid solar cells. The effects of the Ag nanoparticle amounts on the optical absorption and photovoltaic performance of the solar cells were investigated. The results indicated that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell with appropriate amount of Ag nanoparticles could reach 0.13%, which was increased by 28% compared with the solar cell without Ag nanoparticles.
  • The preparation of PES/HA porous biomaterials and its biocompatibility
    NI Zhuo,YANG Sha
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2017, 48(10): 10215-10220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2017.10.038
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    The results of IR spectroscopy showed that the PES/ HA composites were mainly composed by physical combination. Using ammonium chloride as pore-forming agent to make four groups of porous composite materials. Respectively, the mass ratio of composites and pore-forming agent was 1∶0.25, 1∶0.75, 1∶1. When the water absorption of the porous structure of PES/HA composite material was determined, we can conclude as follows: the water absorption ratio was 40% when the mass ratio of PES/HA composite material and pore-forming agent was 1∶0.25. The higher the proportion of pore-forming agent, the higher the water absorption rate of the composites. When the mass ratio of PES/HA composite material and pore-forming agent is 1∶1, the water absorption is 88%.It can be seen that the pore sizes of the four composites are distributed in the range of 200-300 μm, the minimum pore size is about 40 μm, and the maximum pore size is about 470 μm.The experiment started from the premise that the MG-63 cells were cultured in vitro. Then we used MTT to know how PES/HA composites affect to the cytotoxicity of MG-63. The results showed that when the toxic level is I, there was no toxicity to MG-63 cells. The morphology of MG-63 cells was observed by electron microscopy. It was found that the cells adhere well not only to the surface of the material but also to the pore structure, and that the cells pseudo pods adhere to the surface of the material and the walls of the pores.
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