30 April 2016, Volume 47 Issue 4
    

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    Focuses& Concerns
  • Investigation on ureolytic microbiologically-induced calcium carbonate precipitation
    XU Jing,DU Yali,BAI Huili
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.001
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    The effects of calcium source type on the bio-chemical processes of ureolytic microbiologically-induced calcium carbonate precipitation was investigated in this paper. By using potentiometric analysis, calcium ions concentration, ammonium ions concentration, and pH value were measured. Cell density was also monitored by microscopic counting method. Sediments were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the processes of microbiologically-induced calcium carbonate precipitation consists the abiotic precipitation stage, the microbiologically-induced calcium carbonate precipitation stage, and the calcium ions depletion stage, regardless of the calcium source type. The efficiency of bacterially-induce mineralized precipitation in organic calcium source environment is higher than that in inorganic calcium source environment. Significant morphological difference of precipitated calcites from two types of calcium sources was detected.
  • Study on the microwave absorption properties of SiCf/epoxy composite
    LI Huazhan, LI Yongcai, LAN Lin, LI Siwei, CHEN Lifu, DING Matai
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 6-10. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.002
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    The SiCf/resin composites with different fiber content (10%-40%) are prepared to study the dielectric and microwave absorption properties. The results show that with the addition of SiC fibers, both the permittivity and tangent loss of the composites are increased when the fiber content ranges from 10%-25%. When the content of fiber was 25%, and the sample thickness was 3 mm, the average reflection loss in X band was -7.81 dB which was an appropriate value for dielectric medium to absorb microwaves.
  • Fabrication and photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution of graphene-CuO/TiO2 composite photocatalysts
    TU Shenghui, HU Yaping, ZHANG Ting,ZHU Minjian, LIANG Haiying, PENG Hailong, DU Jun
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 11-16. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.003
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    Graphene-CuO/TiO2 composite catalyst was prepared by and solvent thermal methods. The micromorphology, structure and optical properties of the composite catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance (DRS). The inorganic precursor of H2PtCl6 was used to load Pt. The effects of the content of graphene loading on hydrogen production activity under different irradiation were investigated. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production was best with the graphene content of 0.5wt%. The co-existence of CuO and graphene could produce a synergistic effect, which could improve the utilization of visible light and further enhance the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production of decompositing C2H5OH/H2O of TiO2. The hydrogen production was up to 1 083.54 μmol under visible light irradition for 5 h, while its hydrogen production (4 374.51 μmol) was 2.74 times of P25 (1 598.25 μmol) under sunlight irradition for 5 h.
  • The controllable performance of Ge15Ga10Te75 thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering
    QI Lei,WANG Guoxiang,LI Shuang,SHEN Xiang,XU Peipeng,LI Jun, LV Yegang,DAI Shixun,NIE Qiuhua
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 17-22. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.004
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    The amorphous Ge15Ga10Te75 thin film was prepared by magnetron sputtering deposition technique. Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and optical properties of Ge15Ga10Te75 thin films has been investigated. The films annealed in the range of 200-280 ℃ were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and spectrophotometer. The results indicate that the as-deposited films prepared by three different processes were close to the target composition. These as-deposited films were amorphous, possessing the cut-off wavelength about 1 μm. With the annealing temperature increasing, the optical band gap decreased. The optical band gap of the as-deposited thin films were 1.05, 1.06 and 1.07 eV, which finally decreased to 0.38, 0.42 and 0.45 eV after annealing at 280 ℃. Experimental results show that Ge15Ga10Te75 thin films, prepared under three different processes, exhibiting a uniformly controllable composition, approximately thermal and optical parameters.
  • Finite analysis of the compression in deployment and pulsating service behavior of the big band and Z-shaped self-expanding stent
    WANG Weiqiang,ZHANG Huijuan, QI Min
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 23-27. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.005
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    The significant compression before implantation and pulsating load process of the super-elastic nitinol stent have important impacts on its security application. Significant compression can result in substantial strain in local area of the stent, and when the strain exceeds the strain limit of the material, the permanent deformation will occur. While in service, the stent will receive a periodic pulsating compressive load, and undergo fatigue cycles. Regarding the big band Z-stent, in this paper, we make use of the finite element method to analyze the influence of V-type connector radius and the length of the support strut of stent on its compression and pulsation cycle. The results showed that during the implantation and pulsating process, V-type connector is compressed inside and stretched outside; increasing the length of the support strut and the arc radius will reduce the compressive strain and increase fatigue resistance. Moreover, to evaluate the safety of the stent, it needs to analyze not only the long-term fatigue resistance, but also the significant compression deformation before implantation.
    • Review & Advance
  • New progress of surface modification of the magnetic Fe3O4 particles in biomedicine applications
    LI Li, MO Zunli, GUO Ruibin, LIU Huandong, QI Lei, WU Qijun
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 28-32. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.006
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    Magnetic materials is widely used in biomedical fields due to their unique structure and excellent properties, the magnetic material can have a better bio-compatibility of biomaterials surface by surface modification. The magnetic material in biomedical applications, such as magnetic resonance imaging, biological separation, targetable drug carriers and magnetic fluid hyperthermia are reviewed in the present paper, and the development trend of magnetic materials is also forecasted.
  • Progress in research on heat transfer properties of microencapsulated phase change material suspensions
    LI Xiaoyan, LI Kaidi, QU Dongqi
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 33-39. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.007
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    As a new type of a latent functional thermal fluid, microencapsulated phase change material suspension (MPCMS) has attracted much attention of researchers due to its unique properties. This paper reviews previous studies and developments with regard to the heat transfer properties of a MPCMS. We analyzed the relationship between several key parameters and heat transfer ability of MPCMS. These key parameters include the volume concentration of the suspension, the Reynolds number (Re), the Stefan number (Ste), the Nusselt number (Nu). We characterized both thermal conductivity and convection heat transfer, and we discuss how these properties can be significantly improved by adding nanoparticles (nano-Al2O3, nano-Fe, nano-TiO2) or magnetic materials. Furthermore, the key issues related to the heat transfer of MPCMS which needed to be solved in future were further pointed out.
    • Research & Development
  • Structure-activity relationship of amphoteric ionic waterborne polyurethane
    WANG Xuechuan, ZHANG Zhe, GUO Zidong,WANG Na, QIANG Taotao
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 40-44. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.008
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    With isophorone isocyanate, containing sulfonic group of polyester glycol, polyethylene adipic acid butyl glycol ether glycol, 1, 4-butanediol as raw materials, to tertiary amine type chain extension agent for the hydrophilic chain extender, water-soluble polyester polyols containing a anionic sulfonic group was introduced into the cationic waterborne polyurethane molecular structure, contains Yin and Yang amphoteric ionic polyurethane was prepared. By infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, laser particle size analyzer, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and emulsion potential analysis method analyses the zwitterionic emulsion characterization, it is found that amphoteric ion waterborne polyurethane under different pH environment with different state of ionization, emulsion under acid condition, zeta potential of 50.4 mV, rendering, cationic emulsion in alkaline conditions, zeta potential of 48.3 mV, emulsion exhibits for the anion, that between Yin and Yang characteristics of waterborne polyurethane. Therefore, the aqueous polyurethane waterborne polyurethane amphoteric properties than a single ion in the drying process more prone force between particles and particles, can show greater tack and more suitable for the preparation of aqueous polyurethane adhesives.
  • “One pot” synthesis of oleic acid-coated Fe3O4 and the effect of oleic acid dosage
    LIANG Hao,LI Decai,ZHANG Zhili
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 45-49. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.009
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    By one-pot reaction, the method of directly adding oleic acid (surfactant) before the “co-precipitation” method of synthesizing nano-Fe3O4 particles, the nano-Fe3O4 particles coated with oleic acid were synthesized. The phase structure, composition, size, and MH curve of Fe3O4 particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, thermo-gravimetric analyzer. The effect of oleic acid dosage on the structure, composition, size and magnetization of nano-Fe3O4 particles was studied at the same time. The results show that when the molar ratio of oleic acid and Fe3O4 is 0.4, the “one pot” synthesis of Fe3O4 nano-particles average particle size 9 nm, dispersion well, the saturation magnetization 56 A·m2/kg.
  • Study on binary surfactants-induced interfacial polymerization of pyrrole and capacitance characteristic
    YANG Qinghao, TU Zhongyi, HOU Zhenzhong
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 50-54. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.010
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    With the assistance of binary non-ionic surfactant system, polypyrrole film was prepared through interfacial polymerization at 0 ℃. The influence of Span80/Tween80 complex system on obtained polypyrrole film was investigated. The performance of polypyrrole film was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, cycle voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that, the polypyrrole particles are entangled intertwined together to form a three-dimensional pore network structure at a low hydrophile-lipophile balance value (HLB value); with the increase of HLB value, polypyrrole particles become more uniform and fluffy, until a later class “algae” structure formed; an optimized film with a better cycle life and specific capacitance value of 100.72 F/g was yield at the HLB value of 11.0, and the concentration of Span80 and Tween80 were 1.12 and 1.88 g/L respectively.
  • Preparation, performance and comparison of co-electrospun and coaxial-electrospun drug-loaded PVA-SbQ/Zein composite nanofibers
    CUI Jing, QIU Yuyu, LU Hangyi, NIE Qingxin, WEI Qufu
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 55-59. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.011
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    Drug tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)-loaded PVA-SbQ/Zein composite nanofibers were fabricated by co-electrospinning and coaxial-electrospinning, respectively. Then the nanofibers were irradiated under UV light to get the cross-linked ones. The morphologies and diameter distributions of drug-loaded PVA-SbQ/Zein composite nanofibers were observed by SEM. TEM was used to compare the structure of the two kind of nanofibers. The strength test showed that the tensile strength of coaxial-electrospun nanofibers was better than the co-electrospun ones. The spectra of FT-IR indicated that composite nanofibers maintained their own original functional groups. Finally, the drug release behavior of drug-loaded nanofibers prepared with two methods was compared.
  • The surface properties of low oxygen high carbon type silicon carbide fiber
    WU Shuang, LIU Ling, DING Shaonan, LI Fengping, LAN Lin, LIU Anhua
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 60-63. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.012
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    In this paper, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were employed to study the surface physical and chemical properties of silicon carbide fibers with low oxygen and high carbon. Results show that fiber surface is smooth and compact, and disorderd free carbon exists in the surface of the fibers, which is in accordance with the chemical compositon of fibers. Also, the surface of fibers is mainly composed by SiOxCy, followed by SiC, and SiO2. The fiber surface physical and chemical properties can help the combination of fibers and matrix with proper strength, which is beneficial to enhance the strength and improve the fracture toughness of the composite materials.
  • Effect on the performance of mortar using different volume content of SiO2 aerogel
    WANG Fei,LIU Zhaohui,DENG Zhiping,JIA Yifan, DING Yidong,BAN Guodong,LIN Rui
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 64-69. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.013
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    Using a low thermal conductivity of SiO2 aerogel particles as insulation aggregate, the equal volume SiO2 aerogel particles was adopted to replace sand in mortar to prepare thermal insulation mortar. The density, mechanical properties, water absorption, the thermal conductivity and other performance were studied when the SiO2 aerogel particles replacement ratio was 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60%. And on this basis, the thermal conductivity was focused on study when fiber, air-entraining agent and powder were added into the mortar. The results show that when the dosage was 0.2%, 0.05% and 1% respectively, the thermal conductivity is the lowest (0.0859 W/(m·K)).
  • Preparation and properties of polycrystalline silicon thick film on graphite substrate
    YANG Bo, CHEN Nuofu, KONG Fandi, MU Xiaoye, TAO Quanli, BAI Yiming, CHEN Jikun
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 70-73. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.014
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    Polycrystalline silicon seed layers are grown on thin plates of graphite by using magnetron sputtering technology, and rapid thermal annealing. Polycrystalline silicon thick films are deposited via CVD on the silicon seed layers. XRD measurements show that the silicon thick films deposited on seed layers have highly (220) preferred orientation, which indicates that the silicon thick films have the same preferred orientation with the seed layers. SEM measurements reveal that the silicon thick films grew well, which demonstrates that thin plates of graphite, as one of the cheap substrates, are expected to be put into industrial production, in order to reduce the preparation cost of solar cells.
  • Effect of Co and Ni contents in MCrAlY bondcoats on microstructure and lifetime of APS TBC systems
    JI Qiang,SONG Peng,WANG Yiqun,LIAO Hongxing,LU Jiansheng
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 74-78. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.015
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    The dense alumina layer was generated on the surface of the MCrAlY bondcoats within thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) at high temperature service process, which could improve the oxidation resistance of the coating and superalloy. The Co and Ni concentrations and interface micro-structure of the bondcoats were the important factors to affect the oxidation properties for the TBCs prepared by APS. In this paper, the high-temperature cycle oxidation experiment of TBCs specimens with CoNiCrAlY and NiCoCrAlY bondcoats was carried out at 1 050 ℃. The TBCs oxidation lifetime and failure characteristics were carefully studied. The results indicate that the spinels are easily formed within thermally growth oxide (TGO) for CoNiCrAlY bondcoat, which would cause TBC spallation due to a discontinuous Al2O3 layer formation. In addition, the NiCoCrAlY bondcoat shows a different failure modes. Meanwhile, the strongly inter-diffusion phenomenon of Ni and Co within the bondcoat and Ni-base alloy matrix was observed during oxidation. The content of Co and Ni show different influence on generation of macroscopic pores at the interface between bondcoats and the matrix.
  • Research on the influencing factors for the spectral characteristics of silicon carbide quantum dots fluorescent material
    ZHU Yanmin, SONG Yuepeng, KANG Jie,GAO Dongsheng, MAO Zhiquan, KIM Hyoungseop
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 79-83. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.016
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    The aqueous silicon carbide quantum dots (SiC-QDs) were prepared by chemical corrosion method. The fabrication process was listed as following: take the nitric and hydrofluoric acid as the mixture chemical etchants; through the ultrasonic cavitation dispersion and tomographic clipping in ultra-gravity field, the aqueous phase solution of silicon carbide quantum dots was obtained. The effect of fabrication parameters on spectral characteristics of SiC-QDs was investigated. The results indicated that the most remarkable influencing factors on the photoluminescence(PL) intensity (fluorescence intensity) were deacidification times with ultrapure water and the duration of ultrasonic treatment. While the components and its relative concentration of the chemical etchants, the ultra-gravity coefficient can also influence the photoluminescence intensity and emission wavelength of SiC-QDs. Meanwhile, the red shift of PL peak will occur with the increase of hydrofluoric acid’s concentration, while the blue shift appears following the increase of ultrasonic cavitation’s time length and ultra-gravity coefficient. Moreover, the corrosive process and relevant mechanism of SiC-QDs were also discussed.
  • Study of electro-catalytic properties of carbonated bacterial cellulose-encapsulated copper nanoparticles
    MA Bo, ZHU Chunlin, HUANG Yang, CHEN Chuntao, SUN Dongping
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 84-87. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.017
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    Carbonated bacterial cellulose-encapsulated copper nanoparticles (CBC/Cu) have been successfully synthesized via in situ reducing and carbonize synthesis and by using coppersulfate as source for the metal, bacterial cellulose (BC) as carbon source. The morphologies and structural features of the sample were investigated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and laser Raman spectroscopy (Raman). A glass carbon electrode modified with CBC-Cu was prepared as working electrode. The electrochemical behavior of p-nitrophenol was tested by cyclic voltammetry in alkaline solution. Compared with the bare glassy carbon electrode, the modified electrode exhibited a excellent eletrocatalytic activity, good reproducibility, and long-term stability.
  • Researching the influence factors of asphalt mixture performance under the damage of deicing salt and freezing-thawing cycles
    WANG Lan, GONG Ningning, XING Yongming
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 88-93. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.018
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    In order to study the crack resistance of asphalt mixture under the freeze-thaw cycle and deicing salt solution, using SCB test to complete destruction test on the basis of fracture mechanics and evaluate crack resistance of asphalt mixture throughthe J integral;using the range analysis and the analysis of grey entropy to analyze the impact of asphalt mixture of asphalt type, freezing and thawing cycles and deicing salt concentration.asphalts show that:the influence degree of salt freezing and thawing cycle is that:the type of asphalt >cycles>salt concentration;the rubber powder modified asphalt mixture have the best crack resistance among all of them;the crack resistance of asphalt mixture become weaker gradually along the the increase of cycling times.
  • Finite element analysis of the effect of self-expansion stent geometry on its performance
    ZHANG Huijuan, WANG Weiqiang, QI Min
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 94-98. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.019
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    The successful performance of self-expansion stent, in terms of stent design, is mainly influenced by the used material and geometric parameters of the stent. Big band Z-strutstent, for the reasons thatit has simpleproduction process, easy to test, and has a good clinical applicability, is widely used in experimental analysis and finite element analysis. In this paper the finite element method was used to analyze the influenceofthegeometric parameters of self-expanding stentonits mechanical service. Through parametric simulation control, it was found that increasing the crown radius, the length of the support, and the number of V-shaped strut alongcircumference will reduce the radialresistance. But stent oversizing has little effect on radial stiffness.Withpython script processing, the state of stress and strain distribution was analyzed, thelocation of fatigue zone and the stress and strain state of this zone were analyzed and discussed as well.Itwasdiscovered that when the stent moved with diastole and systole pressure, the mean strain and alternating strain distribution areinconsistentwith each other, and the position of the first occurrence of fatigue exist insideof the crown where stress state is compressed.
  • Preparation of PI/ZIF-8 hybrid membrane and study of CO2/N2 separation performance
    ZHU Nana, LI Yue, GAO Huiyuan
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 99-104. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.020
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    Polyimide based hybrid membranes (PI/ZIF-8) were prepared with the BTDA-ODA polyimide membranes as matrix materials, the 2-methylimidazole zinc (ZIF-8) as dopants. The FT-IR, XRD, SEM and EDS were used to characterize the chemical structure and microstructure of the hybrid membranes with different content of ZIF-8, and the hybrid membranes were carried out a single gas permeation test of CO2 and N2. The results showed that: ZIF-8 and PI phases are fully compatible and the hybrid membranes showed high selective permeation on CO2.When the mass fraction of ZIF-8 was 7% (PI/7Z), the permeability coefficient of CO2 was 2.79×10-9 mol·m-2s-1Pa-1, the corresponding ideal selectivity coefficient of CO2/N2 is up to the maximum number of 13.6, greater than the separation coefficient of lofty Knudsen diffusion (0.79).
  • Biodegradation of photo-degraded mulching films based on polyethylenes containing polyethylene oxide modified TiO2 as pro-oxidant additives
    YANG Wei, YANG Yuying, CAI Yijin, ZHANG Guiqiao, LUO Ying
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 105-109. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.021
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    The photodegradable TiO2/PEO/LDPE composite film was prepared by an addition of TiO2 as a pro-oxidant containing polyethylene oxide (PEO) into commercial LDPE. The biological mineralization in a seal composting environment and microbial degradation of oxidized LDPE were studied. The results show that the intensities of carbonyl group peak in the TiO2/PEO/LDPE composite film with exposed to UVA340 irradiation for 600 h increased would be due to ester, acid and aldehyde compounds, which were produced by LDPE degradation, increased in films and the structure of TiO2/PEO/LDPE composite film destroyed clearly. The TiO2/PEO/LDPE composite films with pro-oxidant exposed to UV irradiation followed by compost for 180 days or soil microbial degradation for 254 days. In this process, the mineralization rate of TiO2/PEO/LDPE composite film reached 15.26%. On the other hand, microscopic examination showed a profuse mycelia growth and spores on the oxidized TiO2/PEO/LDPE composite films, which illustrated that the soil microbial were fully capable of utilizing degradation products as a carbon source. The addition of PEO improves the hydrophilicity of nano-TiO2 in LDPE matrix, thus the photocatalytic degradation efficiency increases facilitating the oxo-degradation of LDPE greatly which promotes the subsequent biodegradation.
  • Influence of minor addition of Y on corrosion resistance of Zr-based metallic glasses in HCl solution
    LE Wenkai, YUAN Zizhou, LI Duanxian, ZHOU Zigang, WANG Lin
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 110-113. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.022
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    The (Zr56Al16Co28)100-XYX(X=0, 2, 4) alloy samples were prepared by single roller melt spinning in high vacuum. Effects of Y on corrosion behavior of samples in 1 mol/L HCl solution were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Electrochemical polarization curve, Scanning electron microscope(SEM). A first-principles plane-wave pseudo-potential method (PWP) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA) method based on the density functional theory(DFT) was used to investigate the Influence Mechanism of corrosion resistance. The results indicated: corrosion resistance of the Zr-Al-Co-Y alloy was better than 1Cr18Ni9Ti, and moderate of Y addition can increase fermi level, promote the formation of a passive film and improve the corrosion resistance of Zr-Al-Co-Y remarkably.
  • Preparation of photochromic composite films by layer-by-layer self-assembly method and its properties characterization
    LI Leihong, Li Guoliang, Hui Bin, HU Haiqing
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 114-118. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.023
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    Photochromic composite films were prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly method between photosensitive color material and PVA. The chemical compositions and cross-section morphology of photochromic composite films were characterized by using the Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The photochromic property of composite films under the ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was studied. The mechanical properties and thermostability of composite films were analyzed by the universal testing machine and the thermal gravity analysis (TGA), respectively. The results show that the photochromic composite films were composed of the blends of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and photochromic materials via hydrogen bond. SEM analysis indicates that the photochromic composite films were the typical structure of sandwich. With the increase of photochromic materials concentrations, the ΔE* values of composite films under UV irradiation increased more. The tensile strength of composite films first increased and then decreased, and the elongation of composite films decreased with the photochromic materials concentrations increase. TGA analysis shows that the thermostability of photochromic composite films was between PVA film and photochromic materials.
  • Study on the electronic structures of LaCoO3 before and after Ga doping
    WANG Mindi,WU Zhimin,HU Aiyuan,CUI Yuting,XU Jian
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 119-124. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.024
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    The geometrical structures of LaCoO3 with different Co3+ spin states and Ga doping were optimized by using the first principle density functional theory based on the full potential linearized augumented plane wave method and combined with local density approximation plus Hubbard U (LSDA+U). The electronic structures were calculated and discussed in details. LaCoO3 is a non-magnetic insulator when Co3+ is low spin state (LS). The strong hybridization of Co3d and O2p electrons makes LaCoO3 becomes a magnetic half metal when Co3+ translate to intermediate spin state (HS). It shows metallic ferromagnetic when Co3+ is high spin state (HS). The magnetic moments increase form 0.91 of IS to 2.2 μB of HS. Ga doping makes Co3d electrons hybrid with Ga4p and O2p electrons, introduces the impurity bands to form acceptor energy level. The system enhances its conductivity and shows half metallic ferromagnetic. Its net magnetic moment is 4.01 μB.
  • Preparation and microstructure of the three-dimensional Ni submicron columns array
    CHEN Chang, ZHANG Wei, CHEN Jian, LIU Chunhai, ZENG Xianguang, YANG Ruisong, WANG Long, PU Guo
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 125-128. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.025
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    Ni submicron columns array was prepared by magnetron sputtering on anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. The influence of different annealing temperature on the structure stability of Ni submicron columns array was studied. The crystal structure and surface morphology of Ni submicron columns array, which was prepared under the different annealing temperature, were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that the Ni submicron columns array has a polycrystalline Fcc structure. The arrangement rule and the thickness are uniform, and the diameter is about 400 nm. After annealing at 400 ℃, the intermetallic compound Al1.1Ni0.9 and AlNi begin to form. After annealing at 500 ℃, hollow Ni submicron columns form, and Ni submicron columns expand and thicken. And on increasing the annealing temperature to 600 ℃, Ni submicron columns fall off partly.
  • Electron transition of amino acids clusters and phospholipid on montmorillonite surface: a simulation research
    ZHOU Qing,DONG Faqin,BIAN Liang,SUN Shiyong,GUO Yuting,HUO Tingting
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 129-133. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.026
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    Molecular simulation has been an important tool in the study of interface interaction due to its visibility at the scale of molecular. To simulate the interaction between montmorillonite and cell membrane, the adsorption of the amino acids clusters and phospholipids on montmorillonite surface was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. Moreover, the heavy metal ions Cr(Ⅲ), Cr(Ⅵ), Cd(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ) was added into the calculation system to acquire its effect on the adsorption process. The results showed that amino acids and phospholipids both had good affinity with montmorillonite. However, amino acids were stronger than phospholipids. Heavy metal ions then played a synergistic role. The electron transition between montmorillonite and the biomolecules was found by the calculation of electronic structure with Density Fuctional Theory. During the process, montmorillonite acted as donor and the biomolecules acceptors.
  • Study on the synthesis and photocatalytic activity of BiOCl/CQDs complex photocatalysts
    LI Lingling, NI Gang,WANG Jianan, LI Jing, LI Wei
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 134-138. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.027
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    The water-souble carbon quantum dots(CQDs) were synthesized using the hydrothermal carbonization method with glucose as carbon source. Then a bit of CQDs was loaded on the BiOCl surface by a ultrasonic assisted hydrolysis, and the BiOCl/CQDs complex photocatalysts was goated. The structure and properties of BiOCl/CQDs photocatalysts was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier infrared spectrum (FT-IR) and Fluorescence spectrophotometer. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B, and investigated different CQDs content of photocatalytic performance of the photocatalyst. The experiments demonstrated that the degradation rate was enhanced obviously compared with the single phase BiOCl, and the degradation rate reached to 93% in 40 minutes when the concentration of CQDs was 1.5 mg/mL.
  • Preparation and formation mechanism of various morphology of Cu2O crystals by reducing Cu(Ⅱ) salt with tartaric acid
    RUAN Qingfeng, QIU Zhihui, HUANG Liping, SONG Lin, YANG Yang
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 139-142. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.028
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    Micro- &; nano-crystals of Cu2O with different morphology and 3D cross dendrite were prepared by reducing Cu(Ⅱ) salt with tartaric acid as the reducing agent under different conditions by hydrothermal method. The as-prepared Cu2O crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The influence of environmental factors on Cu2O crystal morphology was discussed. The results indicate that the crystal morphology and size can be controlled by the crystal growth process, and the morphology of Cu2O crystal change with the experimental conditions. Cu2O crystal are conducive to the formation of octahedron in low temperature, weak alkaline and high concentration solution, and easy to form dodecahedron in high temperature, alkalinity and low concentration solution.
  • Influence of homogenization treatment on microstructure and properties of Cu-20%Fe composites
    ZUO Xiaowei, FAN Zhengjie, QU Lei, AN Bailing, WANG Engang
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 143-146. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.029
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    Cu-Fe composite was paid attention because of the low price, good deformability and strengthening. However, Fe has high solubility in Cu matrix and it is hard to precipitate at low temperature. Effects of homogenization treatment on microstructure, and mechanical properties Cu-20wt%Fe composites were investigated in this paper. Homogenization treatment induced well-developed Fe dendrites to break and spheroidize. This refined the size and decreased the spacing of Fe fiber by 14%-24% during the cold drawing. Both ultimate tensile strength and electrical conductivity of Cu-20%Fe composite with homogenization treatment were increased by 4%-10%. It was resulted from the spheroidized Fe dendrite and the precipitation of Fe from Cu matrix.
  • Morphology and reconstructed unit cell at GaAs(001)-(2×6) surface
    ZHOU Xun,LUO Zijiang,WANG Jihong,GUO Xiang,DING Zhao
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 147-151. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.030
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    The morphology and reconstructed unit cell at GaAs(001)-(2×6) reconstructed surface were studied using reflection high energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We found that GaAs(001)-(2×6) reconstructed surface can be obtained annealing the GaAs(001)-β2(2×4) reconstructed surface under 530 ℃ and 1.33 μPa As beam equivalent pressure. The morphology at GaAs(001)-(2×6) surface was disordered flat which existed series of islands and pits with 1monolayer height. To clarify the actual structure of GaAs(001)-(2×6), a new method to calculate the As coverage on GaAs(001) surface was proposed and used it to determine the GaAs(001)-(2×6) reconstruction. Combined the STM images and ball-and-stick model to confirm that there were two As dimers and two Ga dimers in a reconstructed unit cell on GaAs(001)-(2×6) surface, then utilized this unit cell to conceive the (2×6) reconstructed surface which was highly consistent with STM image.
  • Study and modeling surface charge characteristics of montmorillonite
    CAO Xiaoqiang, CHEN Yanan, ZHANG Yan, QIU Jun, LI Lin, LV Xianjun, ZHAO Xiaofei
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 152-156. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.031
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    The surface charge characteristics of Fuxin (Liaoning province) Na- montmorillonite were studied by acid–base potentiometric titrations and surface complexation models. The results indicated that the point of zero net proton charge values (pHPZNPC) were 6.26, 7.47 and 8.18 at 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 mol/L NaNO3, respectively, and a linear relationship between the pHPZNPC and the logarithm of the ionic strength was obtained; the protonation was take place at structural charge sites at pH<pHPZNPC and deprotonation was take place at variable charge sites at pH>pHPZNPC. The structural charge were not neutralized in protonation-deprotonation reaction.
    • Process& Technology
  • Research on production of recycled total-fine aggregate and its influence on concrete performance
    YANG Yibo, ZHENG Zilin,GUO Wenying, LEI Haoxuan
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 157-163. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.032
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    Traditional recycled fine aggregate is hard to use because its water demand is higher and strength is lower. Recycled total-fine aggregate means crushed the total concrete to fine aggregate, it is effective to improve the performance of recycled fine aggregate. Based on the prior period research, the system research on production of recycled total-fine aggregate and its influence on concrete performance were processed. The results showed that the production of recycled total-fine aggregate should include crush, screen separation and reshaping; the fine powder less than 0.15 and 0.075 mm is useful for strength, so it is inadvisable removed; consider the fine powder include the stone powder, the content limitation of fine powder can increase than the standard value. The performance of recycled total-fine aggregate has a prodigious improvement than traditional recycled fine aggregate, its water demand of mortar is lower and strength of mortar is higher, and the performance of C30 and C50 concrete of its is better. The partial performance of recycled total-fine aggregate, such as water demand of mortar, is still lower than manufactured sand and river sand; but compressive strength of mortar is higher than manufactured sand and river sand. The compressive strength of C30 and C50 concrete of its is obvious higher than manufactured sand and river sand concrete, special in higher water binder ratio, but the concrete workability of its is lower. Taking one with another, recycled total-fine aggregate can replace all manufactured sand and river sand as fine aggregate in C30 and C50concrete.
  • Microstructure and property development of C194 copper alloy during continuous extrusion
    JIN Chen, LIU Xinkuan, LIU Ping, CHEN Xiaohong, HE Daihua, MA Fengcang, LI Wei
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 164-168. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.033
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    The microstructure and property development of C194 copper alloy obtained by continuous extrusion forming (CEF) were investigated with methods of optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), micro-Vickers hardness measurement and universal-testing machine. The results indicate that no massive obvious dynamic recrystallization (DRX) structures are found during the whole CEF process, whereas small amount of incomplete DRX grains are found preferentially precipitated along grain boundaries at after-right-angle bending region. With the increment of plastic deformation, hardness of C194 copper alloy rises from 88.7 HV to 136.1 HV, an increasing rate slowdown occurs at after-right-angle bending region. Tensile strength was drastically promoted from 263 MPa to 476 MPa during CEF process while elongation drops from 26.5% to 18.7%. Second-phase precipitate with morphology of ellipsoid measuring 60-80 nm and micro dispersed particles measuring 10-20 nm, respectively, are found during CEF process.
  • Preparation and characterization of hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres used calcium carbonate as template
    CHEN Jiwei,SHEN Juan, HU Wenyuan,QI Yongcheng
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 169-173. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.034
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    Uniform and hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres were prepared by calcium carbonate as the template with diammonium phosphate using hydrothermal method. As-prepared hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results showed that as-prepared hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres had the similar morphology and size with calcium carbonate microspheres. The formation mechanism of prepared hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres was explored by changed the reaction time. Therefore, as-prepared hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres have great application prospect in the biomedical field.
  • Preparation and selective laser sintering behavior of carbon fiber/polyamide 12 composite
    WU Qiong, CHEN Hui, WU Jing, XIA Xiaohong, XU Xiaoshu, BIAN Hong,LIU Hongbo
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 174-177. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.035
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    The PAN-based chopped carbon fibers were surface modified by liquid-phase oxidation, mixed with polyamide 12, and the carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 12 composites were prepared by selective laser sintering technology. Scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrum were applied to the characterization of the surface state on the carbon fibers before and after modification, the dispersity of composite powder, and fracture morphology of the sintered components. The sintering behavior of composite powder, the relationship between mechanical property and porosity of the sintered components were also discussed. The results show that the oxygen-containing groups on the surface of modified carbon fibers are thermal decomposed and release gas in the process of laser sintering, which cause a high porosity and poor mechanical properties of the sintered components. While the carbon fibers treated under high temperature after modification can preserve the surface roughness, lower the porosity at the same time, and compared with the unmodified carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 12 sintered components, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus are incresed at different degrees.
  • Preparation and characterization of magnesium aluminate spinel powder
    WU Xiaojuan, LI Junshou, WANG Mingyuan, LI Su
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 178-181. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.036
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    The composite powders of MgAl2O4 and TiB2 were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method with Mg powder, Al powder, TiO2 powder and B2O3 powder as raw materials. Then relatively high purity magnesium aluminate spinel powders were obtained after ultrasonic pickling by using 20wt% nitric acid to remove TiB2 and residual reactants in the product. The effect of different magnesium sources on the product was studied by MgO partially replacing Mg; the productivity and the particle size of the two reaction system were analyzed in contrast by XRD and SEM. And also the purity of MgAl2O4 after acid pickling was studied. The results show that MgAl2O4 in the products account for 85.96% with Mg as magnesium source, the particles are fine with average particle size 5.36 μm and 80.68% of the particles range from 0.1 to 10 μm; MgAl2O4 in the products account for 71.55% with Mg and MgO as magnesium source, the particles are relatively large with average particle size 11.18 μm and the particle size distribution is relatively wide as 54.96% are in the range of 0.1-10 μm. Reaction products MgAl2O4 without MgO addition have high transimittance and wide wavelength range as the transmittance of MgAl2O4 reaches more than 50% between 1 100 and 2 978 cm-1. MgAl2O4 of high transimittance has low radiation, so it can be used as infrared stealthy materials.
  • UV polymerization and characterization of self-crosslinking polyacrylic acid superabsorbent
    Mamatjan Yimit, Amatjan Sawut, Ismayil Nurulla,SHI Qingdong,XU Wanting
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 182-186. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.037
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    A self-crosslinking polyacrylic acid superabsorbent was prepared with acrylic acid as raw materials by UV polymerization. The samples were further characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H NMR and SEM. The effects of preparation conditions such as power of ultraviolet light source, irradiation distance and the polymerization temperature on the absorbency were evaluated. The results show that: power the UV lamp was 1 000 W, the polymerization temperature was 15 ℃, the light irradiation time was 40 min, and irradiation distance is 15 cm. Results show that absorbencies of the resin which is polymerized under the optimum condition are as follows: the deionized water absorbency was 4 391 g/g, the saline water (m(NaCl)=0.9%) absorbency was 206 g/g. Meanwhile, absorbency under load of the resin was compared with other different absorbing resins.
  • Research on preparation and performance of silver coating SnO2 by electroless plating
    TANG Qifeng, WANG Yong, XU Yonghong,ZHANG Ying,WEI Xiaowei
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 187-190. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.038
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    Optimizing the parameters of type of dispersant, time of ball milling in liquid and type of activator,the AgSnO2 electrical contact materials with good performance were prepared by electroless plating. The results shows that polyethylene glycol had a good effect for dispersing SnO2 particles, but not completely eliminate the agglomeration of SnO2 particle; ball milling in liquid could make AgSnO2 had uniform organization, but had high electrical resistivity; activator of Bi2O3 and CuO could effectively improve the density and reduce the electrical resistivity of materials; the relative density and electrical resistivity of AgSnO2 were 98.2% and 2.25 μΩ·cm at ball milling in liquid of SnO2 particle with 0.25% Bi2O3+0.25%CuO for 4 h, respectively.
  • Formation of hydrotalcite nanocrystals by oriented growth in the glycerol/water system
    DU Jinze, ZENG Hongyan, LIU Xiaojun, CHEN Chaorong,DUAN Hengzhi, DING Pengxuan, ZHENG Mengkai, YU Chao
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 191-195. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.039
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    MgAl hydrotalcites with a crystallite size of 38.61 nm in a axis direction and low aspect ratio were successfully synthesized by urea method in the glycerol/water system. The effect of glycerol on the morphology development of the products were investigated by means of the XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET, laser particle analysis and point of zero charge. The results showed that glycerol as excellent solvent and structure director played the key role in the crystal oriented growth such as selectivity of crystal growth in different directions and the particle size of the products. The glycerol/water system provided a crystal growth condition that facilitated the crystal growth in the a direction, i.e [110] crystal plane. The adsorbility of the thin MG-LDH with a narrow particle size distribution to Cd2+ was increased.
  • Study on the evolution of magnetic properties in preparing Fe-6.5%Si alloy by means of PVD method
    MA Tianguo, LI Hui, TIAN Guangke, BI Xiaofang
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 196-199. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.040
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    In the processes of preparing Fe-6.5%Si alloy by means of PVD method, both pre-treatment techniques to the starting substrate and Si-enrichment have distinct effect on the soft magnetic properties. The total loss is subdivided into hysteresis, classical and excess components to clarify the changing mechanism of the soft magnetic properties under different conditions. Resistivity of the samples is measured by four-probe method. Curie temperature is characterized by thermo-gravity curve of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) with appendix of permanent magnet. Magnetic properties were evaluated by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), automatic DC B-H curve tracer and alternating current (AC) iron loss analyzer. Maximum permeability of PVD-prepared Fe-6.5% Si alloy reaches to 16 400, and its iron losses are declined about 40-50% comparing with the starting substrate.
  • The effects of synthesis route on the electricalproperties of Fe-doped PZN-PZT pyroelectric ceramics
    WEI Hui,CHEN Yongjun,GUO Dong
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 200-204. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.041
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    Fe-doped 0.075 Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.925Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 (PZN-PZT) pyroelectric ceramics were prepared by a conventional oxide-mixed one-step method and precursor two-step method, respectively. The phase structure and electrical properties of the prepared ceramics were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the ceramics fabricated by the one-step method possess a mixture of perovskite phase and pyrochlore phase, while the ceramics prepared from the two-step method have a single perovskite phase structure. Scanning electron microscopy observation suggests that the ceramics prepared by the two-step method have a dense microstructure with uniform grains. The dielectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties were measured, which revealed that the ceramics with single phase and dense microstructure have enhanced ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties.
  • Synthesis and properties of sulfomethylated humic acid polycondensation
    ZHANG Guanghua,ZHANG Xinwei,LI Junguo,GUO Yi
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 205-209. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.042
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Two kinds of humic acids dispersants of coal water slurry (polycondensate of sulfomethylated humic acid (HBF) and polycondensate of sulfomethylated humic acids-urea(HBUF)) with different side chains were synthesized by sulfonated methylation and polycondensation reaction with humic acid, formaldehyde, amino benzene sulfonic acid sodium, urea. The performance of the slurry and the effection of dispersants on the stability and adsorption of coal water slurry have been investigated. The results show that the dispersion viscosity and stability of HBUF with long side chains was better than HBF, and the maximum concentration was 68% with the dispersant dosage was 0.45%. Two kinds of dispersing agents on the surface of coal show a single molecular layer adsorption characteristic. The adsorption capacity of HBUF is better than HBF.
  • Fabrication of PLLA scaffolds with hierarchical porous structure
    BO Dongying, GUO Zhenzhao, LI Hong, LI Qiyan, ZHOU Changren, ZHAO Yaowu
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 210-213. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.043
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    PLLA scaffolds with hierarchical porous structure were fabricated via a thermal induced phase separation in a 1,4-dioxane/water system. The effects of coarsening and the ratio of solvent/non-solvent on scaffold structure and properties were studied. Results indicated that the ratio of solvent/non-solvent affected the morphology of scaffolds. The scaffolds with interconnected and hierarchical porous structure presented macropores up to 300 μm and micropores below 10 μm embeded in the wall of macropores, when the ratio of 87/13 (1,4-dioxane/water) was applied via coarsening for 1h. The macropore size increased with the extension of the coarsening time. Cell culture results showed that the hierarchical scaffolds were beneficial to the cell’s ingrowth and cell proliferation.
  • Preparation of YSZ ceramic and the co-firing with insulation Al2O3 for planar oxygen sensor
    ZHANG Rongrong,LIN Jian,ZHANG Runjing
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 214-217. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.044
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    YSZ/Al2O3 bilayer ceramics should be co-fired during the producing process of planar oxygen sensors. To ensure the function of the porous platinum electrodes of the sensors, the co-firing temperature should not be higher than 1 500 ℃. YSZ nano-powders,prepared by solvothermal method with altered reaction temperature and reactant concentration,could be fully sintered under 1 400 ℃ with 99.1% sintered-density,and the electrical conductivity measured at 500 ℃ was 11.5 Ω·m. The sintered temperature of Al2O3 was reduced by introducing hybrid sintering aids, such as CaO,MgO,SiO2. Then sintered shrinkage between Al2O3 and YSZ was matched by adjusting the ratio of α-phase and γ-phase of Al2O3, and the electrical conductivity of Al2O3 ceramic measured at 500 ℃ was 1.3×104 Ω·m. Thus,the co-firing of YSZ/Al2O3 under 1 400 ℃ was achieved, and non-warped-non-cracked bilayer ceramics were prepared to meet the demand of the preparation and usage requirements for planar oxygen sensors.
  • Study oncopper plating and properties on surface of graphite fiber
    ZENG Dahai, ZHANG Peng,LI Wei
    功能材料. 2016, 47(4): 218-224. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.04.045
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    By the method of orthogonal experiment for chemical copper plating on the surface of graphite fiber, which SnCl2 were used as sensitizer, silver ammonia solution were used as activator and formaldehyde were used as reductant, the graphite fiber reinforcement for copper matrix composites was successfully achieved. The optimum parameters of electroless copper plating on the surface of graphite fiber was studied. Results show that under the majorizing parameters of orthogonal testing, the well quality and uniform thickness of copper coating on the surface of graphite fiber was obtained. The optimum parameters of the electroless copper plating reaction is 15 g CuSO4 · 5 H2O, 30 g EDTA - 2 Na, 10 mL of formaldehyde, temperature 60 oC. The optimum pH of copper plating reaction is 12.4. During the plating process, air mixing method was used to obtain the better stability and uniform coating. Under the electrical conductivity performance test of copper coated fiber which was made on the optimized process, the results found that the electrical conductivity of fiber was greatly enhanced.
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