25 May 2010, Volume 41 Issue 05
    

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    研究与开发
  • Synthesis and Characterization of the Nanorods of Gd2O3:RE3+(RE=Eu，Tb)
    Zhang Jilin ;
    . 2010, 41(05): 1-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    One dimension of the rare earth oxide doped with Eu and Tb fluorescent materials have attracted much research interest over the recent years because of their unique fluorescent properties different from their bulk fluorescent materials. In this article, the (Gd0.9Eu0.1)(OH)3 and (Gd0.9Tb0.1)(OH)3 nanorods precursors were first synthesized using a hydrothermal method, then the Gd2O3:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb) nanorods were prepared through annealing treatment. The testing results of the FE-SEM morphologies showed that Gd2O3:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb) nanorods have diameter about 20-60 nm and length ca. 200-500nm. The structural measurements of the XRD confirmed that the Gd2O3:RE3+ (RE=Eu,Tb) nanorods belong to cubic crystal system. The results of the PL measurement indicated that the characteristic emission peaks of Eu3+ and Tb3+ in the Gd2O3:RE3+ (RE=Eu,Tb) nanorods exhibit broadened phenomena as compared with those of their bulk fluorescent materials. Surface effect of the nanomaterials may be mainly responsible for the broadened phenomena of the characteristic emission peaks of Eu3+ and Tb3+.
    • 综述
  • Research progress in metallic surface nanocrystallization induced by surface mechanical attrition treatment
    jiacheng Gao;qiang wang;zhengyuan gao
    . 2010, 41(05): 2-0.
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    Abstract: By means of the surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT), surface nanocrystallization of metallic materials can be achieved due to the severe plastic deformation. The gradient structure of which the grain size along the depth increases from nanometers in the top surface to micrometers can be obtained. After SMAT, the surface hardness and the mechanical properties of the materials are much enhanced and improved. The activity of the SMATed surface is improved and benefic for the future chemical treatment. In this paper, the recent research progress of the SMAT is presented, including the principle, the preparation technique, the mechanism of nanoocrystallization, the structures and properties and the chemical treatment.
    • 研究与开发
  • Synthesis of Vanadium Carbonitride by Carbothermal Reduction and Nitridation Method
    Deng Li;
    . 2010, 41(05): 3-0.
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    Vanadium carbonitride, V(C1-xNx) synthesized by the carbothermal reduction and nitridation processing of V2O5 and nanometer carbon in N2 atmosphere were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that the composition containing 24.8% nanometer carbon synthesized at 1200~1250℃obtained the better quality of V(C1-xNx) powders which had a pure phase and the higher x values. The average size of particles was 500nm. There were some oxides in products when the reaction temperature was below 1150℃. However, increasing the temperature higher than 1250℃, the system began to react towards carbonizing direction leading to lower x values. Furthermore, the particles were agglomerated and some even fused together.
  • Fabrication of apatite coating on single crystal silicon by sol-gel method
    WU Zhen Jun ;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 4-0.
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    Apatite (AP) coating was fabricated on single crystal silicon (SCS) by sol-gel method. SEM, EDS and XRD were applied to investigating the morphologies and compositions of coatings formed on SCS. SBF soaking was carried out to test the inductive ability of the obtained AP coating for bone-like apatite. Results show that sol-gel precursor coating can be transformed into dense HA coating at 500 ℃ for 2 h, and bigger AP crystals form the coating with interstitial structure after calcination at 700 ℃ and 800 ℃, respectively. Crystallinity of HA coating is improved with the increase of calcination temperature and no decomposition of AP is observed at 800 ℃. Soaked in SBF for one week, AP coating is not desquamated from SCS. Formation of bone-like apatite identifies good in vitro inductive ability on sol-gel derived AP coating on SCS.
  • A Study on the Critical Damage Factor of AZ80 Magnesium Alloy under Different Temperatures and Strain Rates
    QUAN Guo zhengTONG Ying;
    . 2010, 41(05): 5-0.
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    The main research objective is to analyze the influence of deformation conditions on the critical damage factor of AZ80 magnesium alloy. A basic research approach that physical experiments and numerical simulation provide mutual support for the critical damage factor was established. As several series of billet samples had been compressed on heat physical simulation machine under different deformation temperatures and strain rates, the true stress-strain data collected resulted the performance of simulations. Simulation results show that the maximum damage value appears on the outer edge of upsetting drum, and damage softening behavior is more sensitive to strain rate. A concept of damage sensitive rate was brought forth and its values were computed. The intersection of line fitted and horizontal axis was obtained as the fracture step and its relative maximum damage value was as a critical damage factor. The critical damage value distribution computed shows that it is not a constant but a change with a range 0.0218 ~ 0.378, and it is more sensitive on strain rate than temperature.
  • The property and structure of PFCY sandy soil consolidation material
    . 2010, 41(05): 6-0.
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    PFCY sandy soil consolidation material was prepared by water-soluble polymer, crop straw, industrial solid waste and cement, and the microstructure characteristics, mechanical properties and mechanism between components of PFCY were studied. Moreover, the formation process of strength system was analyzed. The results show that, the flexural strength of PFCY was increased by 24.7%, when water-cement ratio is 0.4, the mixing amount of polyacrylamide is 1%, the mixing amount of straw fiber is 2%. The polyacrylamide, straw fiber and inorganic gelling material can disperse evenly in PFCY and polyacrylamide exists in the form of filamentous and network. Meanwhile, the bond between particles in PFCY can be enhanced, and the interface between straw fiber and hardened cement pastes can be improved.
  • Microstructure and property of VO2 thin films deposited on glass substrate by R.F magnetron sputtering
    . 2010, 41(05): 7-0.
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    The VO2 thin films were deposited on glass substrate by R.F magnetron sputtering. The crystal structure，optics properties and phase transition character of VO2 thin films obtained under different substrate temperature were analyzed by XRD, AFM and FTIR technique. The results show that with the increasing of the substrate temperature, the crystalline of the VO2 thin film is improved and the thin film has the perfectly (011) orientated. The better phase transition character of VO2 thin film was shown when the substrate temperature is over 400℃, especially at 500℃. The transmittance in infrared region of the thin films is increasing with the substrate temperature.
  • Effect of Dental Heat-pressing on the Microstructure and Properties of a Novel Lithium Disilicate Glass-ceramic
    Gao Jing;;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 8-0.
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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dental heat pressing on the microstructure and properties of a novel lithium disilicate glass-ceramic located in Li2O–SiO2–K2O–Al2O3–ZrO2-P2O5 system. Before and after respective heat pressing conditions, the crystalline phase composition and microstructures were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Three-point flexural strength of glass-ceramic specimens was measured following the instruction of ISO 6872. The results showed that the bonding strength of the heat-pressed specimens was higher than that of the heat treated controls. XRD examination showed the main crystallization in specimens after heat pressing was lithium disilicate as controls. The SEM examination indicated crysta1s were aligned along the direction of pressing，and while in control groups crystals randomly interlocked．Dental heat pressing procedure leads to an anisotropic structure in lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, which is a useful method to improve the mechanical property. With the results under the present conditions, the novel lithium disilicate glass-ceramic may be considered as a promising candidate material for dental all-ceramic application.
  • THE RESEARCH OF PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF La, Y DOPED RUTILE TiO2
    Ma Li yang;dong fa qin ;;Li Jian xiang;
    . 2010, 41(05): 9-0.
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    Using Ti(OBu)4 as the source of titanium, rutile TiO2 powder and La2O3, Y2O3 doped rutile TiO2 powder were prepared by one step Synthesis. The crystal structure, optical absorption properties were characterized respectively by XRD, UV-Vis, Zeta potential, etc. The degradation of Methyl red was chosen as the probe reaction to examine the photocatalytic activities of as prepared TiO2 materials. The results showed that rare earth-ion doping could enhance optical adsorption; The best results of catalysts is that rutile RE-doped to 1.00 percent TiO2, The result of the experiment is in accordance with the theoretical prediction.
  • Preparation and properties of polyurethane used for molecular stamps
    Zheng-Chun LIU
    . 2010, 41(05): 10-0.
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    Polyureathane elastomer for polar molecular stamps based on polypropylene glycol (PPG) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) was obtained through pouring technique using 3,3'-dichloride-4,4'-methylenedianiline (MOCA) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) as co-crosslinker and a 20% dibutyltin dilaurate in dimethyl phthalate as catalyst. The optimized prescription was as follows: the molar ratio among PPG, TDI and crosslinker was 1:2.5:0.90, the molar ratio between MOCA and TMP was 5:1. The polyureathane elastomer showed a change in the volume of swelling of less than 0.5％ after dipping in either acetonitrile or ethanol for 2h. Its mechanical hardness, tensile strength and 50% recovery rate of compression were measured to be 72 HA, 3.57 MPa and 99.6%, respectively.
  • STRUCTURE AND ENERGY SAVING PERFORMANCE OF TIN FILMS PREPARED BY ATOMSPHERIC PRESSURE CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION
    . 2010, 41(05): 11-0.
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    TiN films for solar control coatings application were deposited on glass substrates by a simple atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition method. The crystallization, cross-sectional morphology, sheet resistanceransmittance and reflectance spectra of the films were investigated with respect to the deposition time. The results showed that the structure of the films varied from single-layer to double-layer as the deposition time extended to 180s. The formation of double layer structure can be attributed to the gas phase nucleation and growth during the deposition process. The sheet resistance of the films decreased as the deposition time increased. The UV-vis spectra showed all the films exhibit solar control performance with visible transmission band and high infrared reflectance. The infrared reflectance of the films with double-layer structure decreased rapidly with the increasing deposition time, which is ascribed to the light scattering induced by the rough surface of the films.
  • Synthesis and Photoluminescence of a new red long afterglow material
    . 2010, 41(05): 12-0.
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    Red fluorescent material Sr3Al2O6: which can be excited by visible light was synthesized by high temperature solid-state method. Upon excitation with 392 nm and 462 nm light, the sample exhibited narrow emission peaks due to the 5DJ(J=0,1,2,3) to 7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4,5) transitions of Eu3+ ion. The main emission peak was constituted by two peaks at 612nm and 617nm which were ascribed to the hypersensitive forced electric-dipole 5D0 to 7F2 transition. With the increase of Eu3+ molar ratio, the emission peak at 612nm weakened relatively meanwhile the emission peak at 617nm strengthened relatively. When x value is 0.16, the photoluminescence intensity is highest. The red phosphor was mixed with the blue, violet long afterglow materials which were used as the excitation light source to constantly excite the sample, and enable it to continue to release red light, and thus a new type red long afterglow material was obtained.
  • Study the performance of drug loadding and release on aminopropyl modified MCM-41-(CH2)3NH2/ hydrochlorothlazide
    CAO Yuan ;;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 13-0.
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    In this paper, mesoporous molecular sieve MCM-41 and MCM-41-(CH2)3NH2 were respectively synthesized using microwavefunctionalized by using the γ-aminopropyl triethoxyl silicane and the aminopropyl modified MCM-41-(CH2)3NH2 was succesfully synthesized. The diuretic hydrochlorothlazide was induced into the before and after modified mesoporous molecular sieve. The before and after modified MCM-41,assemblies were charactered by XRD, FT-IR, low-temperature Nitrogen absorption, TG.. Drug loading of assemblies and the release in simulating body fluid were carried. The results showed that the pore size slightly decreased after aminopropyl modification. the hexagonal structure of MCM-41 was still maintain. Drug loading was larger (38.25%).The release rate decrease after modification with the increase amount of aminopropyl.
  • Research on the Formation Process and Properties of Alumino-borosilicate Glasses
    ;;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 14-0.
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    The physical and chemical reactions in melting process of alumino- borosilicate glass (ABS) was investigated by TG-DTA-DSC simultaneous thermal analyze. The properties of Na-Ca-Si (NCS) glass were also investigated as a contrast. The analysis of viscosity revealed, the softening point temperature of alumino-borosilcate glass was close to 800℃, showed excellent heat resistance. Compared with NCS, its work temperature and melting temperature, 1375-1160oC and 1699oC, respectively, increased substantially. As shown on the curve of thermal expansion, ABS showed good thermal shock resistance, with pretty low coefficient of thermal expansion, a(20~300℃)=3.9×10-6K-1.
  • Investigation of GaN-based Multilayer Structure Films on Sapphire Substrate by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
    DU Jiang-Feng
    . 2010, 41(05): 15-0.
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    Abstract: The InN/GaN/Al2O3 and Ga2O3/GaN/Al2O3 multilayer structure films are investigated by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE). All the gallium nitride (GaN) samples are grown on c-plane sapphire substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOVCD). The thickness and the optical constant spectra of the multilayer structures are obtained in the spectral range of 300～800nm by using the multilayer structure model. The influence of the interface state between layers on the refractive index is also analyzed through comparing with the GaN single layer. The measurement results indicate that a surface roughness layer is existent and can make the simulated results more exactly by using effective medium approximation (EMA) model. The refractive index of the GaN layer under the InN thin films is obviously larger than the GaN single layer, which is related with the interface state between the GaN and InN layer. A anomalous refractive phenomenon of Ga2O3 layer appeares in 300~400nm range, and the reason is probably interrelated with the strong absorbance of GaN layer in this wavelength range.
  • Influence of heat treatment for nickel-phosphorous coating’s morphology and structure on the short carbon fibers
    . 2010, 41(05): 16-0.
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    The electroless nickel coatings obtained under different process conditions on the carbon fiber surface were heated treatment .The coating morphology, phase composition and microstructure changes were analyzed and compared by using SEM and XRD.There is obvious impact of heat treatment on coating morphology and the coating has no effect on the micro-structure of carbon fiber; After heat treatment the grain size of metal nickel (111) crystal plane in the coating is nearly three-fold larger than the non-heat-treatment and the crystalline increase nearly doubled.After 550℃ high temperature treatment the coating’s phase composition changed from the initial along the (111) crystal plane preferred orientation of metal Ni and a small amount of P into disorder-oriented Ni and Ni3P.
  • The electroplated nickel from acidic citrate Electrolytes
    LI Chao qun
    . 2010, 41(05): 17-0.
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    Abstract: In most electrolytic baths recommended for electroplating nickel (Watts and sulfamate type), boric acid is used as a buffer. Owing to high toxicity of boron compounds, many countries (United States, European Union, Japan) imposed strict environmental protection by reducing acceptable values of this element in waste waters. A novel electroplating bath suitable for nickel electrodeposition was developed. Trisodium citrate was used as a complexing agent and a buffer in the bath. The citrate bath could offer higher buffer capacity than the boric acid bath did. The influence of citrate concentration was studied on cathodic polarization curves, cathodic current efficiency, on the quality of the deposits and on the throwing power of baths. The surface morphology of the Ni-deposit was examined by SEM. The results revealed that the nickel deposition obtained from the citrate bath were composed of compact, non-porous fine grains covering the entire surface. X-ray analysis indicated that nickel deposits had a fine crystal structure compared with deposits from the Watts bath. So trisodium citrate is a practical, effective, and move environmentally friendly substitute for boric acid in a Watts bath.
  • Synthesis，thermo-optic property and dispersion of novel optically active azo polyurethane
    Cao guo-rong
    . 2010, 41(05): 18-0.
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    Abstract: A chromophore containing azo group, 4-(4 '-nitrophenyldiazenyl)-aniline (NPDA), was synthesized with 4-nitroaniline, sodium nitrite and aniline via diazo-coupling reaction. Novel optically active azo polyurethane (OAAPU) was obtained from NPDA, chiral reagent L(-)-tartaric acid and toluene diisocyanate (IPDI). The chemical structures of NPDA and OAAPU were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy and 1H NMR. The thermal property was characterized using the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The glass transition temperature (Tg) was 165.1℃ and the result showed that the OAAPU had excellent thermal stability. The measurements of refractive index (n) and thermo-optic coefficient (dn/dT) were demonstrated at different wavelengths and temperatures by ATR technique. The refractive index dispersions curve and Sellmeyer coefficients of OAAPU were obtained by Sellmeyer equation. The conclusion has a little significance to develop new the digital optical and thermo-optic switch.
  • The influence of oxygen partial pressure on the energy band and refractive index of BiFeO3 thin films grown by RF-magnetron sputtering and its optical characterization
    ;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 19-0.
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    Multiferroic BiFeO3 thin films were prepared on glass substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering, and the effect of the O2 partial pressure on the energy band and the optical properties of the BiFeO3 thin films was studied by transmission spectra and ellipsometric spectra. The results reveal that BiFeO3 thin films in the near infrared region have a great transmission, the transmittance is more than 80%, and the band gap is Eg=2.79±0.03eV. The oxygen defects and defect levels of BiFeO3 thin films decrease with the increment of O2 partial pressure, resulting in the increasing of the transmittance and energy gap Eg. It was also found that the Cauchy dispersion model which was used on the basis of OJL dispersion model was presented well in explaining spectroscopic ellipsometric data for the film optical constants.
  • Study on improving the adhesion of Al2O3 Thin Flim on Steel
    . 2010, 41(05): 20-0.
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    Abstract: Amorphous Al2O3 films on 40Cr steel were prepared by radio frequence (RF) magnetron sputtering method. Influence of processing paraneters, pretreatment and interlayer on adhesion of the films were investigated. The results show that films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering at the power of 250 W, the pressure of 3.0 Pa and the time of 3 h have the best adhesion. Both the pretreatment of the substrate and the Ni-P interlayer can improve the adhesion between the film and the substrate, especialy the Ni-P interlayer.
  • Electrical Switching Property of Single CuTCNQ Nanowire
    . 2010, 41(05): 21-0.
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    CuTCNQ nanowires were prepared by Solution Method. The morphology and structure were cha-racterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the as-obtained nanowires are phase I single-crystal, with lengths ranging from 1 to 8 μm, and diameters ranging from 50 to 300 nm. The electrical switching characteristics of single nanowire were studied. Current-Voltage characteristics of CuTCNQ exhibited a clear reversible switching threshold from high resistance to low resistance state with ON-OFF ratio of three orders of magnitude. The resistance of the nanowire increases with decreasing temperature. Negative resistance effect occurs when temperature is below 160 K.
  • Electronic properties of FeSe from ab-initio calculations
    . 2010, 41(05): 22-0.
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    In this article, structure and electronic properties of FeSe are studied from DFT calculations. For the exchange correction energy, we employ GGA in the form of PBE. The interactions between valence electrons and ionic core are represented by the ultrasoft pseudo potential. Distortion of FeSe4 tetrahedron changed with changing pressure.The five degenerate d states of Fe are split into triple degenerate t2g states and the doubly degenerate eg states, and t2g states are located above eg states. The t2g electron has the hole Conductive mechanism while eg electron has electron Conductive mechanism. The electronic structure near the Fermi energy derives from metallic Fe2+ layers with direct Fe-Fe interactions, suggesting a new superconductivity mechanism.
  • Synthesis and characterization of poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone ferrocene amide amide)
    Gang Zhang
    . 2010, 41(05): 23-0.
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    Abstract: Aromatic diamine monomer which containing thio-amide unit (bis[4-(4-aminothiophenyl)benzoyl]diamine) (ATPBA) were synthesized by two steps, then it reacted with 1,1’-Ferrocenedicarbonyl Chloride (FCDC) to prepare a new polyamide containing ferrocene and thio-ether unit. The polymers were characterized by FT-IR spectrum, 1H-NMR spectrum, X-ray diffraction, DSC, TGA, SEM and dissolvability experiment. The intrinsic viscosity of the polymers was 0.58dl/g obtained with optimum synthesis conditions. The polymers were found to have excellent thermal performance with glass transition temperature (Tg) of 276.8oC, initial degradation temperature (Td) of 391.5oC. They showed improved solubility in polar aprotic solvents. They could afford flexible and better membranes with water-flux 13.5-57.8L/m2﹒h.
  • Effect of PP-g-MMA on mechanical properties and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PP/W
    ;;ma-tai DING ;
    . 2010, 41(05): 24-0.
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    Abstract: The influence of compatibilizing agent, polypropylene grafted methyl methacrylate (PP - g -MMA) ,on the mechanical properties and the nonisothermal crystallization of polypropylene/wollastonite (PP/W) system were investigated. The nonisothermal crystallization data was analyzed using Avrami、Ozawa、Mo、Dobreva and Kissinger methods.The parameter values of 、ε、n、α indicate that the wollastonite has better nucleating activity ,the mechanisms of nucleation and growth of crystallization are changed by mixing wollastonite and PP-g-MMA.The values of Kc、t1/2、F(T) 、Tp、Xc show that the crystallization rate of polypropylene is increased by adding wollastonite and PP-g-MMA. The values of △E、ε reveal that the movement of the chain segments of PP macromolecule is impeded by filling wollastonite, and enhanced by adding PP-g-MMA. Simultaneously，the stiffness、strength and toughness of PP/W composite are improved by adding PP-g-MMA.
  • Research on beta-FeSi2 thin films from Fe/Si multilayers deposited by ion beam sputtering
    ; ;;;;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 25-0.
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    Abstract: beta-FeSi2 films were prepared on quartz substrates by depositing Fe/Si multilayers with ion beam sputtering method. The effect of different thickness ratio of Fe/Si multilayers on microstructure, surface morphology and optical characteristics of the films were investigated. The results indicate that β-FeSi2 films of Fe(2nm)/Si(7.4nm) multilayers have a homogeneous and dense surface with single beta-FeSi2 phase after annealing. A direct gap of 0.84eV was obtained by optical absorption measurement. The optical absorption coefficient is higher than 105cm-1 at 1.0 eV.
  • Effect of Al3+ Impurity on the Optical Properties of KDP Crystal
    . 2010, 41(05): 26-0.
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    KDP crystals were grown by traditional temperature cooling method and point seed technique method respectively. The properties of crystals, such as transmittance, optical homogeneity, scatter particles, laser damage threshold (LDT) were determined in detail. The results show that Al3+ impurity has no obvious effect on the transmittance of crystals grown by both methods. More scatters were observed inside crystals when the concentration of Al3+ impurity increased. The homogeneity and LDT were lowered evidently with the increase of impurity in solution. The LDTs of the crystals grown by point seed technique are lower than those of crystals grown by traditional temperature cooling method.
  • Analysis of friction properties of silicon-doped diamond-like carbon thin films in micro-meter scale
    . 2010, 41(05): 27-0.
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    By ball probe with diameter in micro-meter scale, the friction experiments of the doped diamond-like films are carried out .This paper focuses on the influence of plus load, adhesion and scan rate on micro-friction properties of films in micro-meter scale. Considering the influence of adhesion during analysis of the friction, emendatory Amonto function is given for the characterization of contact friction with low load. Also, the experimental phenomena between the friction coefficient and the roughness of the films’ surface is explained. And based on the genuine distribution of surface roughness, equivalent contact models which is about ball probe of micro-meter size and the roughness of film surface is presented. Besides, the function of the friction f (p, Φ) about load parameters (p) and surface parameters (Φ) is deduced by law of transition of energy-power. Among the surface parameters that determine the friction properties, the density of the rough peak contacting with the probe on unit area plays a primary role. The developed contact model has successfully illuminated the cause for the phenomena of the fraction experiment.
  • Synthesis and electrochemical performance study of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material
    CHENG Xue-LianJin Wang;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 28-0.
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    abstract:layer-structured LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material was prepared by self-propagating solid-state metathesis-rheological phase method. LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 materials prepared at different sintering temperatures were studied by SEM, XRD and electrochemical test. The result indicates the sample sintered at 850℃，20h has the best two-dimensional layered structure and cationic degree of order. The particle size is 250nm and its distribution is uniform. the initial specific discharge capacity of 169mAh/g is obtained between 2.8~4.3V, at 80 mAh/g, and discharge capacity retention rate is 82.6% after 30 cycles. Increasing charge cut-off voltage could improve the previous discharge capacities .The discharge capacity cycled at 32mAh/g is 17４mAh/g after 10 cycles in the voltage range 2.8~4.4V, but after that ,the capacities decay quickly and capacity retention becomes poor
  • Measurement Methods and Technology of thin-film thermal conductivity
    . 2010, 41(05): 29-0.
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    With the micro-electro-mechanical systems and integrated circuits development, a large number of micro and nano-scale films are used in devices. The studying on the thermal conductivity measurement of the film will help the design and thermal optimization of the devices. In this paper, several main measurement methods and technology of thin-film thermal conductivity are reviewed, the advantages and limitations of theirs are analyzed, and the future development trend is briefly analyzed.
  • Preparation of low quality fraction Mo-Cu alloy by mechanical alloying process
    HU Bao-Quan
    . 2010, 41(05): 30-0.
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    Abstract: The low quality fraction Mo-Cu alloy were fabricated by using a technology consisting of mechanical activating powder preparation , liquid-phase sintering and densification treatment processes of compactification . An analysis was made on the micrograph of Mo –Cu composite powder，microstructure of liquid-phase sintering and densification treatment processes by means of XRD and SEM , the effects of all kind of technology parameter on the density , tensile strength and the elongation. The results indicate that Mo-Cu alloy with relative density 98.2% can be prepared by the processes of mechanical alloying using high-energy milling and liquid-phase sintering , Full density of Mo-Cu alloy is achieved when specimens are treated through compactification transformation processes, tensile strength is 569Mpa and the elongation is 6.3% when transformation degree is 40%.
  • Preparation and Characterization of Solid Acid S2O82- /Al-Zn-O
    WANG Jun-Xia
    . 2010, 41(05): 31-0.
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    Abstract: A series of solid acid S2O82-//Al-Zn-O was prepared by sol-gel method and was applied to the esterification of acetic acid and n-butanol. The influence of the preparation conditions of the catalysts on the catalytic properties was investigated, and the structures of the catalysts were characterized by XRD、IR、TG/DSC and SEM techniques. The experimental results indicated that preparation conditions of the catalysts had some effects on the catalytic properties. The esterification efficiency could reach 98.06% under the best preparation conditions of the catalysts.
  • The effect of Ti content on dielectric properties of CaCu3TixO12 ceramics
    . 2010, 41(05): 32-0.
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    CaCu3TixO12 giant dielectric ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The effect of Ti content on the phase structure, microstructure and dielectric properties of CaCu3TixO12 ceramics was discussed. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that there was a second phase (Cu2O) when x <4.00, and a pure phase was obtained when x ≥4.00. SEM and EDX analysis showed that a large number of copper-rich phase (Cu2O) was found at the grain boundary region of ceramics with x <4.00. Impedance spectroscopy analysis showed that, with the Ti content increasing, the grain resistance Rg and the grain boundary resistance Rgb decrease at first, minimum values( 1.48 Ω.cm and 94.5 kΩ.cm, respectively) were obtained at x = 4.00, and then increased. From room temperature dielectric frequency spectrum, it was found that the dielectric constant of the ceramics with x = 4.00 are more than 5.50×104 in the frequency range of 40 Hz to 105 Hz, and at 1 kHz, dielectric constant value is as follows: εr = 6.15 × 104，tanδ = 0.044.
  • The preparation and application of uvioresistant self-cleaning nanocoating
    . 2010, 41(05): 33-0.
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    Nanoparticles (nano TiO2 ，nano SiO2，nanoZnO) are surface modified by silane coupling agent KH-570, the functional nano-modified coatings will be obtained after they are added to fluorocarbon coatings. Transmission election microscopy (TEM) and settlement experiments are used to characterize the effects of modified-nanoparticles. The results show that nanoparticles can be uniformly dispersed in the organic solvent such as toluene. By UV spectrophotometer and the contact angle measuring instrument, the UV absorption of the coating and the surface hydrophobicity of the self-cleaning properties were characterized. The final results illustrate that modified coatings can effectively improve the absorption in the UV band, and the contact angle of the nano-modified coating significantly increased as compared to the unmodified coating. Lastly, the surface hydrophobicity of self-cleaning effect is better.
  • The electrochemical corrosion of TiO2 nanotubes in artificial saliva
    . 2010, 41(05): 34-0.
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    Abstract： Anodic oxidation was adopted to prepare TiO2 nanotube layers on pure titanium and analysed the surface morphology of TiO2 nanotube layers using the scanning electronic microscope (SEM). A three-electrode system was adopted to test the corrosion resistance of nanotubes in artificial saliva of different pH (by contrast with the pure titanium). The results showed that TiO2 nanotubes had very good corrosion resistance in the artificial saliva of different pH like pure titanium. The corrosion resistance of TiO2 nanotubes / Ti-based biomaterials were slightly better than pure titanium in the acidic artificial saliva of pH 5.5, made it have good exploitation and application prospects as a dental materials .
  • Research of The Growth Characteristics and Biological Activity of TiO2 Thin Films on Nano-titanium Substrate
    . 2010, 41(05): 35-0.
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    Abstract: TiO2 thin films deposited on nano-grained titanium and coarse-grained commercial pure titanium by DC reactive magnetron sputtering were researched. The structural morphology, nucleation and growth, crystal structure and biological activity in vitro of films on nano-grained Ti were studied. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the surface morphology and crystal structure of TiO2 thin films. Simulated body fluid immersion test in vitro induced hydroxyapatite growth was used to characterize the biological activity. The results show that nano-grained titanium has a strong induction of TiO2 film nucleation effect and rutile crystallization effect; the size of TiO2 grain on nano-grained titanium is about 100nm, half of that on commercial pure titanium; nano-grained titanium led to TiO2 films and itself better biological activity.
    • 综述
  • Research progress in p-i-n microcrystalline silicon solar cell
    LI Xin-Li;Jing-Xiao Lu;
    . 2010, 41(05): 36-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Comparing the microcrystalline silicon solar cell with the single crystal silicon and amorphous silicon solar cells, the former has more advantages. The high-deposition-rate high efficiency microcrystalline solar cell has been come into the focus of the current study. The principles and structures of the microcrystalline silicon solar cells are introduced as well as its development and present situation of research.
  • Research Development of Light Trapping Structures for Thin-film Silicon Solar Cells
    . 2010, 41(05): 37-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    For high efficient silicon thin-film solar cells an effective light trapping and low reflectivity over the entire sun spectrum are necessary. Light trapping structures based on silicon substrate have been intensively investigated with numerous studies in the last years. This paper reviews the present status of light trapping structures on substrate. The influence factors are analyzed and possible developments in this field are prospected.
    • 研究与开发
  • Synthesis of MgAlON-based Multiphase Powder from Boron-Rich Slag
    . 2010, 41(05): 38-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The paper investigated the synthesis of MgAlON-based multiphase powder by Carbothermal Reduction and Nitridation using boron-rich slag as main raw material, carbon black as reductant, silica fume and Al(OH)3 as adjustment components. The effects of carbon content and the MgO content of the ingredients on the synthesis process and phase assembly were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The results showed that: stoichiometric value of carbon content for the reaction is the most appropriate; with the increase of MgO, the amount of MgAlON(Al23O27N5?xMgO) gradually increase. x value of 4.5 is the appropriate amount of MgO added in the raw material .Continue to increase the MgO content, MgAlON content changed little, SiAl6O2N6 gradually reduced, while the CaAl4O7 and BN gradually increased.
  • Synthesis and characterization of monodispersed spherical mesoporous silica
    . 2010, 41(05): 39-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Using alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) as template, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source, methanol as co-solvent, sodium hydroxide as catalyst, single scattered and highly ordered mesoporous silica microspheres with different size were synthesized by hydrothermal method，and the synthesized microspheres were characterized by SEM. The effects of the CTAC concentration, the TEOS concentration, the methanol ratio and the temperature on particle size and dispersibility of the prepared slilca spheres were studied, respectively. At the same time, the synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, BET, HRTEM and other methods. The results showed that the synthesis of monodispersed spherical silica had ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure and high specific surface area.
  • Research on non-magnetic and stainless controlled expansion alloy Ti-27Mo-1.5Nb
    . 2010, 41(05): 40-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A new non-magnetic controlled expansion alloy Ti-27Mo-1.5Nb were designed.The expansion coefficient is 7.70×10-6/℃. The permeability is 1.0003. At the same time,The microyield strength,The physical properties and The mechanical properties of Ti-27Mo-1.5Nb alloy has been studied. The alloy is a fine Resistance to corrosion material too. The results indicated that Ti-27Mo-1.5Nb alloy is a fine joining materials to pure Al2O3 ceranic or glass for example electrostatic gyroscope.
  • Characteristics of Hydrogenation of carbon disulfide by magnesium-based hydrogen-storage material
    ;;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 41-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Magnesium-based hydrogen-storage material was prepared by reactive milling under hydrogen atmosphere. The hydrogen released from hydrogen-storage material to be heated was used for the hydrogenation reaction of CS2 to convert into H2S. X-ray diffraction analysis suggested that Mg reacted with H2 and crystal MgH2 was formed in the process of ball milling. The MgH2 released hydrogen when heated, and it became crystal Mg. CS2 reacted with the hydrogenation from MgH2, then the resulted H2S was absorbed by Pb(NO3)2 solution, and crystal PbS was obtained. The hydrogenation experiments at different temperatures showed that too high or too low temperature was not in favor of the matching of the dehydrogenation of hydrogen-storage material and the hydrogenation of CS2. Only at a specific temperature could the hydrogen conversion from hydrogen-storage material into H2S reach a peak.
  • Growth process and morphology control of palladium nanoparticles in PVP aqueous solution
    . 2010, 41(05): 42-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Palladium nanoparticles were prepared by ultrasonic in the palladium(Ⅱ) chloride aqueous solution by the addition of a small quantity of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP); The growth process of Palladium nanoparticles were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS). The effect of amount of added PVP on the growth morphology of palladium nanoparticles was also investigated. The results show that monodispersed palladium nanoparticles with sphere type and a uniform size of a diameter of 8nm were prepared when the mass ratios of PVP/ PdCl2 was 10:1, the reaction time was 50 min. The stable dispersion of nanoparticles was vertified by coordination between the PVP and palladium on the analysis of XPS and UV-Vis.
  • Microstructure and hydrogen storage characteristics of as-cast and quenched Mg20-xLaxNi10 (x=0-6) alloys
    Yanghuan Zhang ;;;Qing-chun Wang;
    . 2010, 41(05): 43-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Mg2Ni-type Mg20-xLaxNi10 (x = 0, 2, 4, 6) hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The structures of the as-cast and quenched alloys were studied by XRD, SEM and HRTEM, founding that no amorphous phase forms in the as-quenched La-free alloy, but the as-quenched alloys containing La hold a major amorphous phase. Thermal stability of the as-quenched alloys is studied by DSC, showing that La content and the quenching rate induce a negligible influence on the crystallization temperature of the amorphous phase. The hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the as-cast and quenched alloys are measured using an automatically controlled Sieverts apparatus, confirming that the hydrogen absorption and desorption capacities and the kinetics of the as-cast alloys are markedly ameliorated with increasing La content, and rapid quenching significantly improves the hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the alloy (x = 2). The electrochemical measurement shows that the discharge capacity of the as-cast alloys grow with the increase of La content, and for the as-quenched alloy (x = 2), the discharge capacity increases with rising quenching rate. The substitution of La for Mg markedly enhances the cycle stability of the as-cast and quenched alloys.
  • Sulfonation of Copoly(Ether Sulfone) containing Phthalazinone Moieties
    shouhai zhang ;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 44-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Sulfonated copoly(ether sulfone)s containing phthalazinone moieties (SPPBESs)(DHPZ:BP=6:4) with various sulfonation degree(SD) were prepared with sulfuric acid as sulfonating agent. The effects of the concentration of sulfuric acid, reaction temperature and time, and concentration ratio of PPBES/sulfuric acid on the SD of polymers were investigated. The SD of SPPBESs were determined by using acid base titration method, the experimental results showed that the SD increased as the increase of the concentration of sulfuric acid, reaction temperature and time, and decreased as the increase of concentration ratio of PPBES/sulfuric acid. SPPBESs with SD ranging from 0.37 to1.04 were obtained. The FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra of SPPBESs confirmed that sulfuric acid groups were introduced into the polymer chain successfully. The effects of SD and temperature on water uptake and swelling ratio of SPPBESs were investigated. It was found that water uptakes and swelling ratios of SPPBES increased as the increase of SD and temperature.
  • Studies on Past-Processing and Antibacterial Properties of Natural Fibrous Brucite
    dong fa qin ;;;
    . 2010, 41(05): 45-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Using the natural fibrous brucite as main raw materials, the ultrafine fibrous brucite powders were prepared through crushing and ultrafine grinding. The natural fibrous brucite antibacterial agents, with sterilizing rate up to 99%, through the composite of a small amount of antibacterial agents of Cu2+, Zn2+ or Cu2+/Zn2+ and natural fibrous brucite ultrafine powders by the integrative technique of ultrafine grinding and surface modification, were prepared. Copper-type, zinc-type and copper-zinc complex type antimicrobial agent were introduced into polypropylene to form an antimicrobial masterbatch, which was used in the antimicrobial composite materials. When the content of antimicrobial masterbatch was 10% (5% antimicrobial agent), the antimicrobial composite materials had the best mechanical property, the bactericite efficiency was above 81% to escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, in the copper-zinc complex type antimicrobial composite materials, synergic effect between copper and zinc ions was observed.
  • Fabrication of REBa2Cu3O7-x Superconducting Films using Low-fluorine Solution
    . 2010, 41(05): 46-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A new low-fluorine solution was developed to prepare REBa2Cu3O7-x(RE=Y, Nd, Yb) superconducting films. Using acetates as raw materials, acrylic acid, diethylenetriamine, and trifluoroacetic acid as reactants, methanol as solvent, low-fluorine REBa2Cu3O7-x precursor solutions containing fluorine-free RE-salts, Cu-salts and fluorinated Ba-salts, were obtained. Compared with the traditional All-TFA solution, due to the lower fluorine content in the precursor solution, lower amount of HF gas was released during the pyrolysis process and thus shortened pyrolysis process was achieved. Low-angle X-ray diffraction indicates that RExBayFz compound is formed in the pyrolyzed films derived from the low-fluorine solutions, which prevents the formation of BaCO3 and benefits the growth of high-quality REBa2Cu3O7-x superconducting films.
  • The microtructure and mechanical properties of fibrillar attapulgite reinforced nylon 6 nanocomposites
    . 2010, 41(05): 47-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The nylon 6/ attapulgite nanocomposites were prepared by melt compounding in a twin-screw extruder. The crystallization structure and fractured surface of the composites were analyzed by X-ray diffraction patterning (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanism of attapulgite reinforced nylon 6 was explored. The results showed that the tensile strength of the composite increased with the increase of the content of the attapulgite, and was 32.6 % higher than that of PA6 matrix when the content of AT gets to 10 %, and the impact strength of the composite enhanced 31 % compared with PA6 matrix, when the content of the attapulgite was 5 %.The thermal properties improved with the attapulgite content increasing.
  • PREPARATION AND MECHANISM OF HOLLOW CERAMIC MICROSPHERES BASED ON Ti-B4C-C REACTION SYSTEM
    . 2010, 41(05): 48-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
  • Preparation and electromagnetic property of carbon encapsulated Ni nanomaterials
    Yuliang An
    . 2010, 41(05): 49-0.
    Abstract ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Carbon encapsulated Ni nanomaterials were prepared by carbonizing the mixtures of starch and nitric nickel in flowing hydrogen. The results demonstrate that carbon encapsulated crystal Ni nanomaterials have a core-shell structure characterized by HRTEM, EDX and XRD with narrow size distribution. Furthermore, the electromagnetic property of the carbon encapsulated Ni nanomaterials was measured by wave-guide method in the frequency range of 18-26.2GHz GHz with vector network analyzer. The relationship between structure and electromagnetic property of nanomaterials was briefly discussed.
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