30 November 2018, Volume 49 Issue 11
    

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    Focuses & Concern(The Project of Chongqing Press Fund in 2017)
  • Hydrothermal-sol-gel synthesis of Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material and its electrochemical performances
    HAO Yueying, SHI Shaonan, LIU Jiequn, LI Wei, LIU Yongping, ZHONG Shengkui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11001-11004. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.001
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    Na3V2(PO4)3/C as cathode materials for sodium ion batteries were synthesized by sol-gel method and hydrothermal-sol-gel method respectively. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, constant current charge and discharge. The results show that Na3V2(PO4)3/C materials synthesized by sol-gel method and hydrothermal-sol-gel method at all temperatures were pure phase with porous structure. The Na3V2(PO4)3/C sample prepared by the hydrothermal-sol-gel method had smaller particle size. It was more conducive to the deintercalation of sodium ions, which could improve the electrochemical performance of the material. The initial sample prepared by the conventional sol-gel method exhibited a first discharge specific capacity of 98.3 and 31.3 mAh/g at 0.1 and 2 C rates. The initial discharge specific capacity at 2 C rate was as high as 111.9 and 94.1 mAh/g, and the electrochemical performance was significantly improved.
  • Construction and application of bifunctional transition metal compounds
    HUANG Liping, ZHOU Lin, GAO Yuan, XIONG Kun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11005-11013. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.002
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    Hydrogen energy as a clean energy is considered to be one of the most promising technologies to solve the energy crisis and environmental crisis. Electrochemically splitting water into hydrogen by renewable energy has attracted much attention. Electrolytic water reactions must use high-efficiency catalysts to reduce the overpotentials of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Therefore, the development of high-efficient, inexpensive bifunctional catalysts has the advantage of simplifying the overall system and reducing costs. In this article, the latest advancements in several major types of the HER-OER bifunctional catalysts for the past three years were reviewed, including the synthesis, catalytic activity, and stability. Additionally, the prospects for the challenges and research directions were proposed to shed light on future development of dual-function catalysts.
  • Preparation and performance analysis of magnesium ion battery cathode material Mg2Fe0.25MnO4
    JIANG Jinhe, MA Xinxin, LIU Fangwang, JIANG Guanyu, CAO Changqing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11014-11017. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.003
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    Under the protection of nitrogen, the doping transition metal iron (ferrous ion) of magnesium ion battery manganese cathode materials was prepared by the method of high-temperature solid-state thermal crystallization with basic magnesium carbonate, manganese acetate and ferric citrate as raw materials and stearic acid and anhydrous ethanol as dispersants. The battery cathode materials at different temperatures were characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and then the assembled button battery was tested to study the performance. The test results showed that when the calcining temperature was 800 ℃, the thermal crystallization of the sample Mg2Fe0.25-MnO4 was more ideal, and the particle size was small and uniform. In the 0.3-2.1 V voltage range, when the charge and discharge current was 0.025 mA, the first discharge capacity of 82 mAh/g could be obtained.
  • Effects of nitric acid doping on the adsorption properties and diffusion behavior of Li adsorption on graphene: a first-principle study
    TAN Xin, WEI Xueyuan, LIU Yaoyao, LIU Zhixin, CHEN Luhua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11018-11022. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.004
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    In order to study the influence of nitric acid doping on the adsorption of Li on the surface of graphene, the adsorption and diffusion behavior of Li adatoms at three high symmetry sites on graphene and NO3--graphene were systematically investigated by the first-principle method based on density functional theory. The electronic properties of the adatoms were also calculated. The most stable adsorption of Li atoms on the surface of graphene changed from H site to B site after nitric acid doping. Nitric acid doping enhanced the stability of adsorption of Li adatoms onto the graphene surface, and the adsorption energies of H, B and T increased by 2.176, 2.816 and 2.747 eV, respectively. There were three charge transfers after the adsorption of Li adatoms onto the surface of the NO3--graphene system: Li→graphene, graphene→NO3- and Li→NO3--, respectively. The adsorption of Li adatoms onto the surface of the NO3--graphene system exhibited both N-type and P-type doping. Nitric acid doping enhanced the ionicity of the system. Nitric acid treatment reduced the activation energy of Li adatoms on the surface of graphene and promoted the migration of Li adatoms on the surface of NO3--graphene.
  • Progress of extracting lithium by manganese oxide ion-sieve adsorbent
    QI Guicai, HAI Chunxi, ZHOU Yuan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11023-11032. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.005
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    As the lightest metal element in nature, lithium is an important strategic resource and is widely used in many parts of modern society. With the acceleration of modernization, the demand for lithium resources is increasing around the world. Lithium ores in the world are gradually declining and are no longer able to meet needs. Lithium resources in seawater and salt lake brines can solve this contradiction very well, therefore, extracting lithium from liquids is of great significance. Among the various methods for extracting lithium, the adsorbent method is more environmental-friendly, and is in accord with green and sustainable development requirements. The key to extract lithium by adsorbent method is the adsorbent materials. Because of its greenness and high-efficiency, manganese oxide lithium ion-sieve is an ideal adsorbent. In this paper, the concept of lithium ion-sieve, the structure of manganese oxide lithium ion-sieve and the lithium intercalation/de-intercalation mechanisms were introduced. The research progress of extracting lithium by manganese oxide lithium ion-sieve adsorbent is reviewed in detail, including the preparation methods of precursor, the molding and applications of lithium ion-sieve. Finally, many suggestions and prospects for the future research direction of manganese oxide lithium ion sieve are put forward.
    • Review & Advance
  • Research and development trend of amorphous alloy thermoplastic microforming technology
    LI Chunyan, ZHU Fuping, DING Juanqiang, YIN Jinfeng, ZHAO Yanchun, KOU Shengzhong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11033-11040. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.006
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    Due to the amorphous structure of amorphous alloys, amorphous alloys exhibit high strength, high hardness and poor processability at room temperature. However, amorphous alloys exhibit superplastic characteristics of low viscosity and high fluidity in the supercooled liquid region(SCLR), which provides a new way for plastic processing of amorphous alloys. In this paper, the characteristics of the thermoplastic micro-forming technology in SCLR of the amorphous alloy were reviewed. Compared with the traditional crystalline materials, the advantages of amorphous alloys as ideal micro-forming materials were summarized. In addition, the attractive application prospect of amorphous alloys in the field of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) was introduced and the research results of domestic and overseas in the field of thermoplastic micro-forming of amorphous alloys were listed. The applications of amorphous alloys in microelectronic systems, precision gratings, super-hydrophobic surfaces, bio-chips and micro fuel cells were summarized. At the same time, the problems in the development of micro-forming technology for amorphous alloys were pointed out and the importance of developing micro-forming technology for amorphous alloys was reaffirmed.
  • Progress of electromagnetic absorbing fabric
    MA Jiangjiang, LI Kexun, ZHANG Zekui, ZHANG Jie, WANG Donghong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11041-11046. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.007
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    Electromagnetic absorbing fabric has wide range of application in electromagnetic compatibility technology and stealth technology. Therefore, strengthening the research of absorbing fabric has very important significance in civilian and military fields. In this paper, the development of electromagnetic absorbing fabric was focused on, and its main working principles were summarized. Several types of electromagnetic absorbing fabric were summarized and the research actualities in accordance with preparation methods of electromagnetic absorbing fabric were analyzed. Based on the previous studies in this field, the main problems on developing process of electromagnetic absorbing fabric were put forward, and the its future trends were predicted. Lowering the frequency and intelligence are the developing tendency of electromagnetic absorbing fabrics.
  • A review upon the recycled aggregate carbonation and its effect on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete
    LIANG Chaofeng, YANG Jincheng, PAN Yiqian, TIAN Yuan, LUO Shuai
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11047-11051. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.008
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    The carbonation treatment of recycled aggregate (RA) enhances its physical properties and sequestrates greenhouse gas CO2, which is an environmental friendly approach. Firstly, the mechanism and methods of accelerated carbonation of recycled aggregate are introduced. Secondly, the physical properties of recycled aggregate after carbonation and the workability, mechanical properties and durability of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) incorporating carbonated recycled aggregates are summarized. Finally, the main problems that need to be further studied in the carbonization modification of recycled aggregate are proposed. It suggests that carbonation treatment is an efficient and feasible method for improving the mechanical properties and durability of RA and RAC.
  • Synthesis, surface modification and biochemical sensing applications of zinc-based quantum dots
    CHEN Qiuju, XIE Qilong, MA Liping, WANG Qiong, HU Yunchu, WANG Wenlei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11052-11060. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.009
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    Zinc-based quantum dots have been widely used in analysis detection and biomarker due to their unique optical properties, low toxicity and good biocompatibility. Based on the research progress, in this paper, the synthesis methods and functionalized modifications, as well as the application of zinc-based quantum dots in the field of biochemical sensing were systematically described. The development trends and prospects of application of zinc-based quantum dots were also discussed in detail.
  • Progress of multifunctional metal-organic framework composites
    FENG Ailing, WANG Yanni, XU Rong, LIN Shebao, JIANG Peng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11061-11070. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.010
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    Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), also known as coordination polymers, assembled by metal ions with organic ligands have recently emerged as a new class of crystalline porous materials because of their easy preparation diverse structures and accessible functionalization of surface. However, the application of MOFs is limited in some fields due to their low mechanical and chemical stability. The drawbacks of MOFs can be overcome by construction of MOF-based composites. Moreover, it can introduce improved properties and advanced functions into MOFs materials. Compared with pure MOFs materials, MOFs-based composites have larger surface area and porosity, and higher catalytic efficiency and stability. In this paper, the research progress of MOFs-based composites in recent years is reviewed, including synthesis methods and categories. The applications in gas absorption, optics, catalysis, sensing and drug delivery are concluded. Besides, an outlook for future development in the field of MOFs-based composites is prospected.
    • Research & Development
  • Photocatalytic properties of BiFeO3 thin films fabricated by sol-gel method
    SALAMU Abidiguli, IMINNIYAZ Hoernisa, MAMAT Mamatrishat, WU Rong, WU Zhaofeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11071-11074. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.011
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    A multiferroic material BiFeO3 thin film was fabricated on Si/SiO2 substrate by sol-gel method. X ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer and photocatalysis experiment were used to test and study the crystal structure, surface morphology, UV-Vis absorption spectrum and photocatalytic degradation effect of the films. The experimental results show that all BiFeO3 thin films had perovskite structure. The films annealed at the temperature of 550 ℃ had better crystallinity, more uniform surface and no interspace. Meanwhile, BiFeO3 films could absorb visible light well and had better photocatalytic activity for different concentrations of methylene blue solution. The BiFeO3 film had a good degradation effect for the methylene blue solution with the concentration of 20 mg/L. The result indicated that the concentration of degraded pollutants also had a certain effect for the photocatalytic efficiency of BiFeO3 thin film.
  • Analysis of residual strength for corroded pipeline and customized secondary development of ANSYS software
    ZHENG Hengwei, YANG Guoxin, WANG Dongzhe
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11075-11079. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.012
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    With the rapid development of industry, the pressure pipeline in the field of chemical and chemical engineering occupies a very important position. But because of the existence of corrosion and other issues, it is necessary to analysis the remaining strength of the pipeline through mechanical perspective. Firstly, the ultimate load carrying capacity of the pipeline under different corrosion defects is simulated by ANSYS software. The numerical results are compared with the corresponding test conditions, and the accuracy of software simulation is verified. Then, the influence of different corrosion size on the equivalent stress of the pipe was analyzed by ANSYS software. Analysis of different corrosion defect size models in ANSYS software is cumbersome, and requires repeated operation in the GUI interface. In order to simplify the analysis process and save time, in this paper, the secondary development of the software is based on APDL language and GUI interface, and the corrosive defect size of the pipe model is parameterized.
  • Preparation of polypropylene grafted 4-propoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone
    ZHANG Wenlong, JIN Shanshan, LIANG Yue, HU Deshuai, DAI Yajie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11080-11084. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.013
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    In this paper, PP-g-AHB was prepared by melt grafting methodand the grafting rate of the process and the change of volume resistivity were studied. The results show that when the temperature was200 ℃, rotor speed was 50 r/min, time was 9 min,and the material ratio was m(PP)∶m(AHB)∶m(DCP)=50∶0.8∶0.03, the grafting ratio was 0.73% and the volume resistivity significantly increased, which was 2.1 times that of pure PP. It provides an effective way to prepare high-electricity environment-friendly polypropylene cable insulation materials.
  • Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymeric microspheres for nitrendipine and drug release research
    XING Zhanfen, CHENG Hongda, REN Cuiju, ZHANG Pingping
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11085-11088. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.014
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    Nitrendipine molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) were prepared through methacrylic aid as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker. The structure of MIPs was characterized by SEM and IR. The adsorption property of MIPs was analyzed by BET adsorption test and the sustained release of NT was tested in the simulated body fluid. The results indicated that the MIP particles had the size of 1 μm, excellent molecular recognition properties and specific adsorption for NT. The adsorptivity of MIPs to NT was far bigger than that of NIPs. The drug release performance of the polymer were tested in the buffer solution of pH 7.4. The drug release rate of NIPs was fast and almost had a linear relationship with time. The drug release rate of MIPs was stable, 62% of the drug was released in the first 15 h. The release rate was slowly increased between 15-35 h, and drug release rate reached 83% at 35 h, which displayed remarkably controlled release characteristic.
  • Preparation and thermal decomposition kinetics of epoxy resin modified with cyclotriphosphazene
    BAO Dongmei, FANG Li, WEN Zhu, LONG Gaohan, REN Ying, HU Xiaobi, AO Fujia
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11089-11095. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.015
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    Hexakis(4-formacylphenoxy) cyclotriphosphazene(HAPCP) was synthesized by one-step synthesis using hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene(HCCP) and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde as raw materials. Then HAPCP was used in epoxy resins as flame retardant in certain proportion. The thermal decomposition kinetics of EP and FR/EP in the atmosphere of nitrogen were studied by TG-DTG. The thermal decomposition kinetic parameters,including pre-exponential factor A and activation energy E, the thermal decomposition kinetic mechanism function and reaction order of the thermal decomposition reaction of EP and FR/EP were calculated by Kissinger, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO) and Coast-Redfern equation.The results show that the activation energy E of FR/EP is lower than that of EP with the same heating rate. The thermal decomposition activation energy of FR/EP are 1.34×105 J/mol(Ek)and 1.38×105 J/mol (EO) and its pre-exponential factor A is 1.4×1010 min-1. The thermal decomposition kinetic equation of FR/EP can be expressed as g(α)=1-(1-α)3, while the reaction order n=3.
  • Synthesis and characterization of conductive electrical plaster based on graphene
    LIU Yang, LIU Jianjun, ZHENG Yongli, YANG liheng, ZHAO Yueju
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11096-11101. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.016
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    Modified graphene modified by silane coupling agent(CA-Si-1),Get the RGO-CA-Si-1. It was characterized by SEM and TGA. We use RGO-CA-Si-1 to prepare conductive electrical plaster and the effects of RGO-CA-Si-1 dosage on the dripping point, the cone penetration, change coefficient of cold contact resistance and volume resistivity of composite grease were analyzed. The efficiency of RGO-CA-Si-1, Nano copper powder and Nano silver powder to reduce the change coefficient of cold contact resistance is analyzed through experiment.
  • Preparation and study of an antioxidant phycocyanin/collagen composite hydrogel
    WANG Mingchao, QIN Song, DU Zhenning, LI Wenjun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11102-11106. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.017
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    The type I collagen extracted from Tilapia skin was mixed with phycocyanin of different concentrations, and the composite hydrogel was prepared by self-assembly properties of collagen. The permeability, microscopic morphology, infrared spectrum, swelling rate and antioxidant of the composite hydrogel were investigated. Results show that permeability, microscopic pores and swelling rates of composite hydrogel increased significantly with increase of phycocyanin content. Infrared spectra showed that characteristic absorption peaks of these two proteins did not be destroyed by the preparation method. In the antioxidant experiment, composite hydrogel with excellent antioxidant capacity showed scavenging capacity of DPPH free radicals andhydroxyl radical.
  • Study on magnetic performance and first order buoyancy of nano magnetic fluids
    ZHAI Yao, YANG Wenrong, WU Jianan, YANG Xiaorui, CHEN Qiang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11107-11113. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.018
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    Magnetic fluid is a kind of superparamagnetic liquid magnetic material with special structure that makes the suspension performance different from the ordinary liquid. The apparent density changes with the external magnetic field, which leads to the magnetic pressure change at different heights in the magnetic fluid and produce magnetic buoyancy. The saturation magnetization of magnetic fluids varies greatly with different base fluids and magnetic particles. The magnetic properties of each magnetic fluid are different under the same applied magnetic field. The magnetization curve of the magnetic fluid is measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and the magnetic field distribution in the magnetic fluid is obtained by the finite element simulation software. The theoretical value of magnetic differential pressure and magnetic buoyancy under different magnetic fields is calculated by the formula of magnetic pressure, and the magnetic floating test device is designed for experimental research. The results show that the first magnetic buoyancy of the magnetic fluid is positively correlated with the saturation magnetization. The magnetic buoyancy is proportional to the square difference of the magnetic field on the surface of the immersed nonmagnetic object in the weak magnetic field of the linear region of the magnetized curve and proportional to the magnetic field difference on its surface after reaching the saturated magnetic field. It has some reference value for the research of flotation performance such as magnetic fluid static ore dressing and oil-water separation.
  • Preparation of ZnFe2O4 and performance of catalytic
    ZHOU Zicheng, FAN Xiaozhen, YU Huajiang, LI Ying, GE Jia
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11114-11119. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.019
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    ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared by chemical coprecipitation process with Zn(NO3)2·6H2O and FeCl3·6H2O as raw materials and NaOH as precipitant. It was characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM and BET surface area measurement methods. The heterogeneous Fenton reaction process on the degradation of methylene blue was studied by catalyst ZnFe2O4. The influencing factors of catalytic decoloration of methylene blue including catalyst dosage, pH of methylene blue solution, H2O2 consumption, temperature, and the reusing times of catalyst were studied. The results showed that the decomposition rate were all high under acidic, near neutral and basylous methylene blue solution. The degradation efficiency also reached 83.1% after four reuses.
  • Structure and magnetic properties of SrFe12O19 particles prepared with ethylene glycol as solvent
    ZHAO Yanqiu, SUN Jibing, WANG Shu, ZHANG Shuodong, DONG Zhixin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11120-11126. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.020
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    In this paper, pure SrFe12O19 particles were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of solvent types (deionized water, ethylene glycol) and calcining temperature on the structure and magnetic properties of the product were studied. The formation mechanism of the SrFe12O19 particles with ethylene glycol as solvent was also investigated. It was found that the solvent types and calcining temperature had a significant effect on the morphology of SrFe12O19 particles. The rod-like SrFe12O19 particles obtained by using ethylene glycol as solvent and calcinating at 900 ℃ for 2 h behaved the best magnetic properties, among which the coercivity reached 568.3 kA/m. When the SrFe12O19 particles were calcinated at 1100 ℃, they became the hexagonal lamellar morphology.
  • Synthesis of resveratrol imprinted polymer by living radical polymerization and its application in the analysis of grape skins
    CHU Ganghui, WU Kun, XIAO Wenqing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11127-11131. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.021
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    The resveratrol imprinted polymer prepared by RAFT reagent was used for separation and enrichment of real sample. Resveratrol imprinted polymer was synthesized by a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization method, combining molecular imprinting with living radical polymerization techniques, using the dibenzyltrithiocarbonate (DBTTC) as reversible RAFT reagent, resveratrol as the imprinted compound, and acrylamide (AM) as functional monomers, ethyleneglycoldim ethacrylate (EDMA) as cross-linker and 2,2-azob isisobuty ronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The effects of the ratio of monomer to cross-linker, initiator dosage, solvent dosage, reaction time and reaction temperature on the morphology, recognition ability and separation efficiency of imprinted polymers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),infrared spectroscopy (IR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results indicated that the polymer was selective for resveratrol with a combined amount (Q) of 1 283μg/g. Living radical polymerization method was applied to synthesize the resveratrol imprinted polymer with a better morphology and a higher adsorption efficiency for the target.
  • Preparation and adsorption properties for Pb2+ of PAM-co-OVPOSS/PU hybrid composite hydrogels
    ZHAO Gang, XIA Miaomiao, WEI Gang, GUANG Shanyi, XU Hongyao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11132-11139. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.022
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    In this paper, POSS hybridized polyacrylamide (PAM-co-OVPOSS) and polyacrylamide (PAM) were used as crosslinking agents to form crosslinked network structures with PU, respectively, PAM/PU and PAM-co-Ovposs/PU composite hydrogel. Through the comparative analysis, the influence of the molecular structure and solution concentration on the properties of the gel composites were investigated. The structure and properties of hydrogel composites were characterized and evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), universal testing machine and mechanical properties measurement, respectively. It is found that adsorption for Pb2+ of PAM/PUPAM-co-OVPOSS/PU composite gel was mainly attributed to chemical adsorption, and both gels showed good adsorption properties. The maximal adsorption capacity of PAM/PU gelatin [15wt% PAM, 40 g/L PU] 228 mg/L, and PAM-co-OVPOSS/PU [20 wt% PAM-co-OVPOSS, 60 g/L PU] 195mg/L. PAM-co-OVPOSS/PU gel composite better mechanical strength than PAM/PU Gel composite. Based on experimental study, adsorption kinetics and adsorption thermodynamic theory, the adsorption mechanism of two kind of gel composites for Pb2+, and the enhancement mechanism of mechanical properties of PAM-co-OVPOSS/PU gel were discussed in detail.
  • Synthesis and surface plasmon resonance characteristics of gold nanoplates
    CHEN Riyi, LIN Lin, QIU Liting, YOU Limin, LIN Rongqian, LI Ruiqin, FENG Zhuohong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11140-11144. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.023
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    The triangular, circular and hexagonal Au nanoplates (NPLs) were synthesized by seed-mediated growth method. The morphology and extinction spectra of the samples were characterized by SEM and UV-Vis absorption spectrometer. The SEM images show that all of the Au NPLs have regular shape and uniform size. The dipole plasmon peaks of the triangular, circular and hexagonal Au NPLs are located on 1 208, 760 and 827 nm. The in-plane hexadecapole plasmon peaks gradually decrease during the shape transformation from the triangular Au NPLs to hexagonal ones. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation was adopted to fit the extinction spectra of triangular and hexagonal Au NPLs. The simulated and experimental results of extinction spectra are similar.
  • Preparation of the polyethylenimine dithiocarbamate crosslinked absorbing material and its adsorption of cadmium, copper and lead ions
    HU Shaozhong, ZHOU Yue, ZHOU Lihong, ZENG Qingle
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11145-11150. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.024
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    Polyethyleneimine (PEI) was cross-linked by condensation with glutaraldehyde. The resulting C=N double bonds produced during condensation were reduced with sodium borohydride. The resulting polymer with a number of primary secondary amines was grafted with carbon disulfide to form the crosslinked dithiocarbamate polymer, a kind of highly efficient heavy metal ion complexation adsorbent material. The material was used in adsorbing cadmium (Ⅱ), copper (Ⅱ), lead (Ⅱ) heavy metal ions. Experiments show that with the increase of the pH value and the concentration of heavy metal ions, the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions Cd2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+ in polymer materials first shows a trend of rapid increase and then slow down. Its absorption capability for cadmium (Ⅱ), copper (Ⅱ), lead (Ⅱ) reach 205.99, 215.02 and 451.79 mg/g, respectively. Its mechanism of action was preliminary explored.
  • Luminescent and electro-rheological property investigation of chitosan based rare-earth functional composite materials
    CUI Lina, JING Xin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11151-11155. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.025
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    Two luminescent and electro-rheological composite materials were synthesized by a simple grinding method of mixing chitosan, rare-earth salt and sulphosalicylic acid. The luminescent and electro-rheological properties were characterized. The results showed an acid-base or complex reaction happened among the starting materials. The electro-rheological property of chitosan has been enhanced by rare-earth salt and sulphosalicylic acid, among which with the one that contained terbium ion exhibited the highest electro-rheological property. The most important factors determining the electro-rheological property of the composites were composition and structure. Furthermore, composites containig terbium ion exhibited luminescent property.
    • Process & Technology
  • Research on humic acid adsorption by sludge based activated carbon with Fenton oxidation pretreatment
    PAN Minmin, WEN Haifeng, HUANG Pu, SHI Wenjian, GU Lin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11156-11162. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.026
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    The sludge based activated carbon (SBAC), which was prepared with Fenton pretreatment, was used as environmental friendly materials to remove humic acid in environmental water. The theoretical problems in the process were investigated in this research. The results showed that with Fenton pretreatment of sludge, the chemical properties and adsorption capacities of SBAC could be effectively improved, the BET of which increased from92.65 to 172.8 m2/g. The adsorption capacity was larger when the aqueous solution was near neutral. The adsorption capacity increased with the rise of temperature. Furthermore, based on the Freundlich model analysis, the maximum adsorption capacity of HA on SBAC was 87.63 m2/g at 298 K under the pH value of 8, which was larger than that of the commercially available activated carbon and attapulgite/active carbon composite. The adsorption kinetics could be better described by the Lagergren-second-model. The reaction was endothermic and entropy increasing, and could be carried out spontaneously at room temperature. In a word, sludge based activated carbon can be used for the adsorption and removal of humic acids in wastewater.
  • Effect of sodium citrate on electrolytic polishing of tungsten
    LIU Fengyan, HE Daihua, LIU Ping, LIU Xinkuan, CHEN Xiaohong, LI Wei, ZHANG Ke, MA Fengcang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11163-11167. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.027
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    In this paper, a sulfuric acid-methanol-sodium citrate system that can be used to polish tungsten alloys was studied. By changing the concentration of sodium citrate, the microscopic morphology and surface roughness of the surface of the electropolished metal tungsten sample were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to investigate the mechanism of action of sodium citrate in tungsten electropolishing. When the concentration of sodium citrate is low, the effect of electrolytic polishing is not obvious. When the concentration of sodium citrate is too high, the electrolytic polishing excessively destroys the surface. The results showed that the sample had the smallest surface roughness and good surface morphology when the concentration of sodium citrate in the electrolyte was 0.25 mol/L under the condition of 20 ℃,22 V and 7 minutes polishing time. Tt showed that moderate amount of sodium citrate made a positive effect on electrolytic polishing.
  • Preparation and anti-icing property of superhydrophilic coating based on modified PAMAM
    WANG Qiangfeng, ZHANG Qinghua, ZHAN Xiaoli
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11168-11173. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.028
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    The superhydrophilic polymer coating was fabricated by using the sol-gel method and introducing silica nanoparticles into modified PAMAM. The characterization was conducted through FT-IR, SEM, AFM and polymer surface tensiometer to investigate the wettability of the modified PAMAM polymer and structure characteristics of the surface. Moreover, the ice prevention performance was studied. The results showed that the modified PAMAM polymer coating had the micro-nano composite structure and the static contact angle was 9.4°, which reached at superhydrophilic state. Super hydrophilic coating based on modified PAMAM displayed favourable anti-icing characteristics owing to amino and molecular cavity of PAMAM, which contributed to form water film on superhydrophilic surface to suppress icing process. At temperature of -5 ℃, the quantity of ice was only 1.19 g within 40 min, and icing delay time reached to 133 s while that of the hydrophobic coating was only 38 s. The ice adhesion force of ice on the surface was about 0.33 N, which was significantly better than that of ordinary hydrophilic and hydrophobic coatings. For the test of stability, the average variation rate of the static contact angle and the surface adhesion force of ice on the surface was 1.4% and 1.2%, respectively.
  • Study on the technology and properties of in-situ synthesis of Cu/Zn/Al-LDHs/ZnO films based on ZnO template
    DU Baozhong, WANG Miaojuan, ZHANG Qianlan, LU Leilei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11174-11179. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.029
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    Cu/Zn/Al-CO3-LDHs/ZnO film precursor and La-Cu/Zn/Al-CO3-LDHs/ZnO composite film were obtained by in-situ synthesis on ZnO surface by using metal sheets in Na2CO3 solution. The process conditions were optimized. The structure and performance were characterized and analyzed by XRD, FT-IR, UV, TG/DTA and electrochemical measurements. The results indicated that the ab plane of hydrotalcite crystal was parallel to the matrix and the film formed multilayer stacking structure on ZnO surface. The hydrophobicity of LDHs films was improved by modification of laurate. The films were bounded firmly with its matrix and showed excellent corrosion resistance for Zn metal.
  • Composition design, metallurgical and heat-treatments processes of a new-type Ni-Cr-Fe base alloy
    ZHANG Yubi, TANG An, XU Weiwei, LIU Haiding, YANG Xiaoliang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11180-11187. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.030
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    The Ni-Cr-Fe alloy was designed by means of the increasing contents of Ni, Al and the decreasing contents of Cr and Ti with CALPHAD method. The alloy composition, metallurgical process, hot working and heat treatment processes were researched systemi-cally by using emission spectrometer, infrared carbon sulfur analyzer, differential thermal scanning calorimetry, vacuum induction melting and electroslag remelting double metallurgical processes and scanning electron microscope. It is found that the dual metallurgical process has successfully realized the effective control of the design components. Through forging and rolling hot processing, the uniform and clean rolled microstructure is obtained. The mechanical properties of the alloy, which subjected to the two-step heat treatments of solid solution 900-980 ℃×30 min and aging 720 ℃×8 h↘ furnace cooling /2 h→620 ℃×8 h/ air cooling, can still reach the level of the foreign Incoloy 925 alloy. The optimum mechanical properties were obtained in the rolled structure through the direct aging. The aging microstructure of the alloy is a single austenite fine-crystal microstructure, and the microstructure of solid solution aging state is dominated by austenite γ phase, and the initial MC carbide is precipitated along the grain boundary or intragranular dispersion. The research results have important reference for the development of the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy.
  • Preparation of poly(lactic acid)/poly(caprolactone) mixture porous scaffold based on supercritical fluid
    JIANG Jingzhi, MA Liying, CUI Haiting, PENG Peiying, GENG Shimin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11188-11193. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.031
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    With dichloromethane as solvent, the poly(lactic acid)/poly(caprolactone) mixture tissue engineering scaffolds with mass ratio of 1:1 were prepared by supercritical CO2 induced phase separation-circulation drying process. The influences of operating parameters, such as polymer concentration, operating pressure, operating temperature, cycling drying time and CO2 flow rate, on the pore size and structure are also investigated. The results showed that with the increasing of polymer concentration and operation temperature, the diameters of pore scaffolds decreased. With the increasing of the operating pressure, the diameters of pore scaffolds increased and pore diameter distribution became non-uniform. With the increasing of CO2 flow rate, the diameters of pore scaffolds decreased. Circulation drying time made a little influence on the scaffolds pore diameters, but had an important influence on process feasibility. In the range of this work, the mixture scaffolds, prepared at the blend solution of 25 wt%, the operating pressure of 12 MPa, the operating temperature of 45 ℃, the CO2 flow rates of 31 kg/h, are favorable to tissue engineering.
  • Effect of Si and P content on microstructure and properties of lead-free brass
    WANG Juan, LIU Ping, LIU Xinkuan, CHEN Xiaohong, LI Wei, MA Fengcang, HE Daihua, ZHANG Ke
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11194-11199. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.032
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    The lead free silicon phosphorus brass was prepared by medium frequency induction furnace. The microstructure of the alloy was analyzed by metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope, and the influence of the change of silicon and phosphorus content on the mechanical properties and cutting properties of the alloy was studied by tensile test and cutting test. The results show that with the decrease of Si content, the hardness and cutting properties of the alloy gradually decrease, and the elongation increases gradually. In the case of Si content from 2.5% to 2%, the trend of hardness reduction is the most significant. From the tool life, the Si content should be reduced to 2% and below, and 2.0%Si+0.3%P not only maintains the cutting performance, but also has low hardness. It can reduce tool wear and improve tool life, getting the combination of cutting performance and tool life.
  • Finite element simulation analysis of heat transfer characteristic with metal foam composite phase change material
    HU Jie, LU Yuan, LIU Zhiwei, YANG Xing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11200-11204. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.033
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    The composite phase change material was constructed by pouring the phase change energy storage material into the high porosity metal foam structure. The composite phase change material model was established on the basis of their structure characteristics with ANSYS. Due to the value of enthalpy changed with temperature value, the phase change latent heat could define into the material’s enthalpy. Based on this, the finite element simulation analysis was built to study the phase heat transfer process of phase change material with metal foam and without metal foam. The results showed that the composite phase change material’s heat transfer characteristic was highly improved compared with the pure material. The using of metal foam increased the heat transfer speed with the pure phase change material, and the time of melt and solidification was greatly shortened. The convenience and flexible operation of ANSYS provided some reference for the study of complicated phase changeproblem.
  • Study and preparation of biodegradable coatings for drug-eluting stents
    SHU Yuting, CHANG Zhaohua, YE Ping, ZHANG Jie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11205-11208. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.034
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    In order to understand the effect of preparation methods on stent coating, sirolimus loaded polylactic acid coating were prepared on the surface of stent by ultrasonic spraying method and the ink-jet printing method respectively. The gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and strain-stress test of PLA demonstrated that the physical and chemical properties of the coating material could be used as a drug coating. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) showed that sirolimus was effectively distributed in PLA. The two stents were used to observe the appearance of the coating under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Furthermore, the bonding strength between the coating and the stent was analyzed by Balloon dilatation and the drug release kinetics curves of the two stents were tested in simulated humoral by PBS (pH=7.4). The results demonstrate that there are some differences in surface morphology and bonding strength. The drug release curve indicates that the overall release trend of drug-eluting stents obtained by inkjet printing is more stable.
  • Synthesis, characterization and light-physical property of cationic iridium(Ⅲ) complex
    YAN Caixian, HOU Wenming, LI Jie, ZHAO Tongming, LUO Yuan, LIU Weiping, ZUO Chuan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11209-11214. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.035
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    A novel charged iridium complex [Ir(mppy)2(Br2bpy)]+PF6- was designed, synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, NMR (1H and 13C), MS and FT-IR. Photophysical property of this complex was investigated. Single crystals of complex was prepared, via a solvent evaporation technique, and was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis. The results show complex is in the triclinic system with a space group of P-1. A strong red-emission at 625 nm was observed in photoluminescence absorption spectra of the compound.
  • Preparation and properties of nickel foam supported silica gel structured adsorption materials
    LIU Jinglei, WANG Hao, ZHANG Shengzhong, FAN Dequan, ZHANG Ying, XU Hong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(11): 11215-11220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.11.036
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    Using nickel foam sheet as carrier, structured silica gel adsorption material was obtained by dipping and drawing process. The surface morphology and structure of silica gel were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and porous media pore analyzer. The effects of impregnation times, concentration of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) solution and treatment time on the adsorption properties of silica gel were investigated. The results show that the surface of the structured silica gel adsorption material has a homogenous honeycomb structure. The silica gel is mainly mesoporous and its pore size is concentrated in 5-15 nm. The structured silica gel adsorption material has good moisture absorption property. The silica gel with high conversion rate can be obtained under the condition of less impregnation times. With the increase of PAC solution concentration and treatment time, the specific surface area of silica gel increases, the pore size decreases, and the maximum specific surface area is 343 m2/g. When the solubility of PAC solution is more than 10% or the treatment time is more than 2 hours, the specific surface area of structured silica gel decreases and the hygroscopicity of structured silica gel decreases.
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