30 September 2018, Volume 49 Issue 9
    

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    Focuses & Concerns(The Project of Chongqing Press Fund in 2017)
  • Progress in graphene preparation methods
    HU Chenglong, GAO Bo, ZHOU Yingwei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9001-9006. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.001
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    The mass production of graphene is the core of the industrialization of graphene. One of the key issues is the preparation of graphene. The existing preparation methods can be mainly divided into four types: physical, chemical, organic chemical bonding, and doping. The latest research progress of these four types is introduced in detail, and the research mechanism and preparation process of various methods are described. The current status of research at home and abroad is reported, the relevant research results are enumerated, and the performance and growth characteristics of graphene products prepared by different methods are separately described. By discussing the differences between different research methods and the quality of the product graphene, it is concluded that the doping method with elements is the most likely method for industrialization of graphene. Finally, the general application scope of different methods is summarized. It is proposed that the doping method with elements is the most promising preparation method for realizing the industrialization of graphene. It also gives a perspective on continuing the in-depth research and exploring the potential of this method.
  • New development of S-based composite electrode material for Li/S batteries
    WANG Jingqiang, WANAG Cunguo, SONG Hewei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9007-9014. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.002
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    Due to its high theoretical energy density, lithium-sulfur battery is considered as the most promising and high-energy secondary battery for next-generation. However, its development is hindered by some defects such as poor conductivity, shuttling effect and volume expansion effect of sulfur electrode. In this paper, the current research progress of sulfur/carbon composites, sulfur/metal-organic framework composites and new preparation methods of compounding matrix materials with sulfur were presented. Moreover, the specific capacity of S@Co-N-graphite electrode material got to 1 670 mAh/g at the current density of 0.05 C, which was closed to the theoretical capacity of 1 675 mAh/g. Therefore, the lithium-sulfur battery will be widely used in the near following years.
  • SnO2/graphene nanocomposite coating integrating strain sensing and photocatalytic cleaning properties
    LI Jiaxing, ZHANG Dong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9015-9019. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.003
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    A SnO2/graphene nanocomposite coating integrating photocatalytic cleaning properties and strain sensing was prepared through spraying method. The influence of graphene on the coating’s strain sensitivity and photocatalytic performance of SnO2 was investigated. The existence of graphene was effective at preventing the SnO2 from agglomeration and therefore enhancing photocatalytic properties of SnO2/graphene composite coating. Besides, the layered strain sensor displayed high sensitivity to mechanical strain.
  • Preparation and photoelectrical property of the TiO2-ZnO nanorod-nanosheet hierarchical structure
    SUN Bao, ZHANG Sai, SU Ziting, HAO Yanzhong, DU Jingwen, PEI Juan, LI Yingpin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9020-9026. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.004
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    A new hierarchical structure of TiO2-ZnO nanorod-nanosheet was prepared by two-step hydrothermal method without any seed layers. A spin-coating assisted successive ionic layer reaction method (SC-SILR) was used to deposit the CdS nanocrystals into the TiO2 nanorod array and the TiO2-ZnO hierarchical nanostructure to form the CdS/TiO2 and CdS/TiO2-ZnO nanocomposite films. Different analysis methods, such as SEM, TEM, XRD, UV-Vis and transient photocurrent, were utilized to characterize the morphologies, structures of the samples and investigate the light absorption properties, the photoelectric conversion performance of the electrodes. The results indicated that the transient photocurrent of the TiO2-ZnO hierarchical nanostructure film was apparently superior to the TiO2 nanorod array film after depositing the photosensitive layer of CdS and showed an evident enhancement at wavelength of 500 nm. Hybrid solar cells were assembled using P3HT as p-type polymer materials. Photovoltaic measurement results indicated that the energy conversion efficiency of the hybrid solar cell based on the hierarchical structure of P3HT/CdS/TiO2-ZnO composite film could reach 0.65%, which revealed an increasing of 58% compared with that of the hybrid solar cell based on the P3HT/CdS/TiO2 composite film.
  • Fabrication of FA0.95Cs0.05PbI(3-x)Clx perovskite solar cells using a single-step solution process
    WEI Qingbo, QIAO Yujia, ZHOU Pan, DOU Shengyan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9027-9030. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.005
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    One-step solution approach to prepare FA0.95Cs0.05PbI(3-x)Clx perovskite solar cells was demonstrated. The influence of CsI additive on the morphology, optical absorption and photovoltaic performances was investigated. The results show that compared with FAPbI(3-x)Clx films, grain sizes of FA0.95Cs0.05PbI(3-x)Clx perovskite with CsI additive were larger and compact stacking. FA0.95Cs0.05PbI(3-x)Clx perovskite film showed stronger UV-Vis absorption in the range of 300 to 810 nm. The FA0.95Cs0.05PbI(3-x)Clx solar cells exhibited open circuit voltage of 0.88 V with power conversion efficiency of 5.84%.
    • Review & Advance
  • Research progress of fluorescent probes in cell imaging
    YANG Yuan, MA Lamaocao, MA Hengchang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9031-9037. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.006
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    Fluorescence imaging has emerged as an important research tool in the field of biomedicine because it not only has the advantages of high specificity and sensitivity, but also can monitor the amount, localization, and movement of biomolecules at the cellular level without damage. In recent years, fluorescent materials have found widespread applications in diverse fields, including molecular ion recognition, medical diagnosis, biomolecule detection and biological imaging. Therefore, fluorescent materials have been paid more and more attention by chemical and material workers. In this review, the applications in the field of bioimaging of several different types of fluorescent probe materials, including carbon nanomaterials, semiconductor quantum dots, rare earth metals, organic fluorescent molecules, polymer fluorescent nanoparticles and fluorescent proteins, are summarized as well as their wavelength, fluorescence quantum yield, biocompatibility, photostability, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. The future of the field will mainly depend on designing and synthesizing bio-probe with long emission wavelength, large Stokes Shift, good biocompatibility, excellent light stability and low cost.
  • Research progress on the preparation technology of oleophobic/superoleophobic surface
    WU Haochen, LI Jie, ZHANG Xiaoqing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9038-9042. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.007
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    Oleophobic/superoleophobic surface is widely concerned now because of its wide application prospect in the prevention of biological adhesion and oil-resistant materials. In this paper, the related theory of surface wettability and classical physics model were introduced, the preparation and processing methods of oleophobic/superoleophobic surface were summarized, the further research and development were prospected, and the reference for oleophobic/superoleophobic surface to the further research was provided.
  • The research progress of alginate wound dressing
    SONG Wenshan, DAI Yuankun, LI Bafang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9043-9049. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.008
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    Modern “wet wound healing” theory proves that the healing progress would be accelerated when the wound is in a humid environment.As a natural macromolecule material extracted from brown algae, alginate has high moisture absorptivity, hydrogel formability and excellent biocompatibility. Alginate has been widely studied as a raw biomaterial to fabricate wound healing dressing.Up to date, the forms of alginate wound dressing mainly include fiber, sponge, hydrocolloid, hydrogel and so on.Generally, alginate fiber is the most widely clinically-applied among the four alginate-based wound healing dressings.Nonetheless, the alginate sponge, hydrocolloid, hydrogel have drawn increasingly attention both in basic and clinical researches due to their excellent performances in facilitating would healing under the principle of “wet wound healing”. Meanwhile, a few relevant products have been clinically approved. In this paper, the research progress of the above alginate would healing dressings are reviewed, and their application prospects were further discussed.
  • Modification and application of β-cyclodextrin as green carrier material
    ZHAN Shiping, ZHAO Yu, ZHANG Jiao, WANG Weijing, LI Mingming
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9050-9055. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.009
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    Due to its unique structure and excellent properties, β-cyclodextrin, as a green environmental material, is widely used in the fields of the drug, medicine and environment and so on, and plays an increasingly important role. The excellent properties of β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives were introduced. Several modification principles and methods of β-cyclodextrin were briefly introduced. The preparation methods of β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles and the results of their application researches in the fields of medicine and environment in recent years were mainly reviewed. Finally, the further works on the anti-tumor effect of modified β-cyclodextrin microparticles were suggested, and the modified methods to expand its application were forecasted.
  • Research progress of rare earth ion-doped AlN thin film luminescent materials
    CHEN Feifei, WANG Xiaodan, LI Xiang, ZENG Xionghui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9056-9060. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.010
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    Wurtzite aluminum nitride (AlN) is a compound semiconductor with typical direct wide band gap. Rare earth ion-doped AlN films as luminescent materials can be applied in many fields, such as display, lighting and so on. In this paper, preparation methods, structure damage, luminescence characteristics and device of rare earth doped aluminum nitride thin films are reviewed, and the factors influencing the luminescence properties are emphatically summarized. Finally, the future research direction is prospected.
  • Research progress on antibacterial activity of zinc oxide type composite antibacterial materials
    MA Xiaoxia, MA Yulong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9061-9066. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.011
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    Zinc oxide composite antibacterial materials have attracted much attention due to their excellent antibacterial activity and wide application potential. In the present paper, the effects of preparation conditions (such as methods, pH, calcination temperature, time, etc.) and particle size of the composite antibacterial materials on the antibacterial properties were reviewed. The classification and antibacterial mechanism of zinc oxide composite antibacterial materials were summarized. Finally, the prospects of zinc oxide composites were discussed. It is hoped that the paper reported here is meaningful for the research of zinc oxide composites.
    • Research & Development
  • Effects of polyurethane raw material on properties of Al2O3 porous ceramics prepared by polyurethane foaming method
    ZHANG Zaijuan, TANG Xinyue, YAN Shu, LYU Lin, YANG Jinlong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9067-9071. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.012
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    Porous Al2O3 ceramics were synthesized by polyurethane foaming method. The effect of polyurethane raw materials including polyol and isocyanate on properties of porous Al2O3 ceramics were investigated. The results show that low molecular weight polyether polyol (R2305) can increase the solid loading and multifunctional polymethylpolyphenyl isocyanate (PM200) can increase the crosslink density. Based on the optimization of polyurethane materials R2305/PM200, the porous alumina foam with porosity of 64% and compressive strength of 25.26 MPa was prepared. This polyurethane foam system could be widely applied in preparation of other porous ceramics, such as ZrO2.
  • Friction and wear properties of PTFE composites filled with different mix materials made of polyimide and graphite
    WANG Jianji, LIU Tao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9072-9077. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.013
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    Polyimide (PI), graphite and copper powder mixed in different proportion filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to form a new composite material, respectively in MMU-2 friction and wear testing machine for tribological performance tests, and will wear after sample in JMS-5600 scanning electron microscope observation of friction surface grinding crack and transfer of composite materials, and determine the best proportion. In order to study the influence of test conditions on the tribological properties of materials, the optimal ratio of PTFE matrix composites was tested again by changing test conditions. The results show that polyimide can enhance the wear resistance of PTFE, and increase the strength of the transfer film binding to the dual parts. When the mass fraction of PI is 25%, graphite mass fraction is 5%, and Cu powder mass fraction is 5%, the tribological performance of the material is the best. When the sliding velocity is more than 4.5 m/s, the load is greater than 300 N, the sample surface temperature were greater than 120 ℃, composite material has entered into the phase of high temperature and friction, the friction surface creep, transfer film a burning phenomenon.
  • Effect of strontium doping on thermal stability of alumina aerogels at high temperature
    SUN Xuefeng, WU Yusheng, LI Laishi, WANG Yuzheng, LI Mingchun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9078-9081. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.014
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    Monolithic alumina aerogels were prepared by epoxide-assisted sol-gel method and supercritical drying technique using AlCl3·6H2O as raw material and Sr(NO3)2 as additive. The effects of SrO addition on thermal stability of alumina aerogels was investigated. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption method and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results show that alumina aerogel doped with SrO consist of lamellar and needle-like particles which are overlapped with each other to form a three-dimensional porous network structure. The SrO can obviously inhibit the phase transition of alumina aerogels at high temperature. With the increase of SrO content, the specific surface area of alumina aerogels increase. After calcination at 1 200 ℃, SrO·6Al2O3 phase is found in the aerogel with SrO content of 5 wt%, which preventing the phase transition of alumina aerogel. The surface area of alumina aerogel with 5 wt% SrO is 122 m2/g, which is 113 m2/g higher than that of pure alumina aerogel.
  • Research on 3D gel-printing of Mn-Zn ferrite soft magnetic parts
    HE Jianzhuang, SHAO Huiping, LIN Tao, YUAN Jianyun, ZHOU Yuling
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9082-9086. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.015
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    Mn-Zn ferrite is an important functional material that is widely used in the fields of sensing, communication, switching power supply, audio equipment, etc. With the development of these fields, the Mn-Zn ferrite materials continuously develop towards the direction of complex shape, small size, near net shape and low cost. In this paper, the Mn-Zn ferrite soft magnetic parts were successfully printed by 3D gel-printing method, which realized near net shape of soft magnetic materials without secondary processing, thus reducing the waste of raw materials and the cost to produce. The results show that the solid content of slurry suitable for printing was up to 50vol% and the surface roughness of printed green body was 7.76 μm. After sintered at 1 350 ℃ for 3 h, the surface roughness, density and relative density of sintered samples were 7.10 μm, 4.40 g/cm3 and 91.7%, respectively.
  • Preparation of Cu-Ni functionally graded materials by electrodeposition in NaCl-KCl-NaF-NiO molten salt system
    LI Mengxing, LIU Yabin, MENG Xianghai, ZHANG Hongbo, LI Xin, LI Yungang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9087-9095. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.016
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    In the NaCl-KCl-NaF-NiO molten salt system, nickel plate was used as the anode and copper plate as the cathode. The dense Cu-Ni functionally graded material (FGM) was prepared by electrodeposition. The composition of molten salt, current waveform and current density were studied. The influence of electrodeposition conditions such as molten salt temperature, electrodeposition time on the surface morphology and thickness of the deposited layer was analyzed to determine the best process conditions. The surface composition and fracture morphology of Cu-Ni FGM were also analyzed. The results show that different molten salt compositions have great influence on the surface quality of the electrodeposited layer. The best process conditions for the electrodeposited Cu-Ni gradient material are: current waveform is pulsed current; electrodeposition temperature is 700 ℃; current density is 70 mA/cm2; electrodeposition time is 30 min.
  • Effect of thickness of modified graphene/epoxy coating on its properties
    HAO Songsong, SUN Xiaofeng, SONG Wei, LI Zhanming, QIU Ji
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9096-9100. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.017
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    In order to study the optimal thickness of the organic coating on 7A52 aluminum alloy surface, scratch bar was used to control the thickness of the coating, and modified graphene coatings with different thicknesses were prepared. Through impact resistance test, flexibility test, friction and wear test, AC impedance spectrum and polarization curve test, the impact resistance, flexibility, friction resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating were evaluated respectively and compared with that of coatings without modified graphene. When the thickness of the modified graphene was reduced to 70 μm, the mechanical properties of the coating were improved compared with those of the coating without the addition of the modified graphene. The impact resistance tests of the 70 μm modified graphene coating with positive impact and recoil reached 50 kg·cm without cracks. Friction and wear tests under the same conditions show that the unmodified graphene coating has been worn through but the 70 μm modified graphene coating could still maintain good wear resistance. The AC impedance test also shows that the corrosion resistance of the modified graphene coating was improved. However, when the thickness was reduced to 60 μm, the corrosion resistance of the coating decreased. The corrosion current and corrosion potential of 70 μm modified graphene coating were lower than those of unmodified graphene coating. The corrosion current of 70 μm modified graphene coatings was smaller than that of coatings without modified graphene, but the corrosion potential was higher. The corrosion resistance was better than that of 100 μm coatings without modified graphene.
  • Optical design and thermal stability of NiSiO2 solar selective absorbing coating
    WU Yongxin, WANG Cong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9101-9106. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.018
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    A new Al/NiSiO2(M)/NiSiO2(D)/SiO2 solar selective absorbing coating were carried out by combining experiments with optical simulation. A series of NiSiO2 single layers were deposited by using magnetron reactive sputtering method with different O2 gas flowing rates, and the solar absorbing coating was designed and optimized by using optical software. The result indicates that the coating deposited on the stain steel substrate exhibits high absorptance (0.933) and low emittance (0.14) at 400 ℃. The coating exhibits good thermal stability after aging at 450 ℃ for 100 h in air. After aging at 450 ℃ in air for 100 h, the ratio of absorptance and emittance (α/ε) of the coating increases from 6.66 to 7.62, the result shows that the coating has good thermal stability.
  • Quasi-static compressive performance of porous stainless steel fiber materials
    WANG Jianzhong, AO Qingbo, MA Jun, TANG Huiping, SONG Weidong, LUO Shiming, CHEN Xujun, JIANG Lin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9107-9110. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.019
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    Porous stainless steel fiber materials with porosities ranging from 64.3% to 89.3% were prepared by sintering using 316L stainless steel fiber green felts with fiber diameters of 8 and 20 μm. The quasi-static compressive property of porous stainless steel fiber materials was tested using the INSTRON machine and the stress-strain curves were obtained using the Vic-3D non-contact strain tester. The deformation process was recorded using the high speed vidicon. Effects of the porosity, the fiber diameter, the thickness on the elastic modulus and the energy absorption capacity of porous stainless steel materials were studied systematically. Results show that the quasi-static compressive stress-strain curve of porous stainless steel fiber materials exhibits three unobvious regions, i.e., the elastic deformation stage, the strengthing stage with weak deformation and the strengthing stage with strong deformation. Furthermore, the elastic modulus and the energy absorption capacity increase constantly as the porosity of porous materials decreases. When the porosity of porous materials is 64.3%, the elastic modulus and the energy absorption capacity are 542 MPa and 27.7 MJ/m3, respectively.
  • Study on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by CaTiO3∶Pr3+
    WANG Junlan, YANG Ziqi, LOU Sangang, ZHANG Peicong, QIU Kehui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9111-9114. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.020
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    Praseodymium-doped perovskite Functional mineral material was synthesized via the combustion method. The crystal structure and morphologies were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scannin g electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic performance was studied by the degradation experiment of inferior methyl blue. The results indicate that CaTiO3 has good photocatalytic degradation performance for the inferior methyl blue under UV-irradiation condition and the Pr3+-doping significantly improved the photocatalytic efficiency. The degradation rate of MB decreased with the increasing initial concentration. Furthermore, The degradation rate of MB increased first and then decreased with the increasing concentration of catalyzer.
  • Fabrication of a lyophobic and low adhesive surface to high viscosity liquids
    ZHU Qing, XIE Xiao, ZHENG Baohui, LI Shangbin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9115-9121. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.021
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    High viscosity liquids are frequently used in industry and our daily life. So, it is important to develop a lyophobic and low adhesive surface to high viscosity liquids. Here, lyophobic copper surfaces were prepared by a simple solution immersion process. The copper plate with micro-pillar arrays was immersed in a solution containing NaOH and (NH4)2S2O8 to form the hierarchical micro-/nanostructure, and then immersed in a solution of perfluorosilane to reduce the surface energy. Consequently, the lyophobic and low adhesive surface was obtained. The static contact angles of HTPB and HTPB/Al were all higher than 140°, which indicate good lyophobic properties of the surface to the high viscosity liquids. The hierarchical micro-/nanostructure formed in the solution containing 5 mol/L NaOH and 0.3 mol/L (NH4)2S2O8 for 8 h could efficiently decrease the liquid-solid contact area, and then reduce the adhesion forces between the surface and the high viscosity liquids, e.g., 25.5 μN for HTPB and 42.2 μN for HTPB/Al.
  • Influence of different sizes on the temperature field of bipolar high-frequency electric knife
    CUI Haipo, HUANG Jiaping, SONG Chengli, ZHOU Yu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9122-9126. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.022
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    Based on the finite element analysis software, the electric-thermal coupling simulation analysis was performed for the temperature field of the bipolar high-frequency electric knife. The effects of 3 different insulation layer thicknesses, 3 different electrode thicknesses and 3 different coating thicknesses on the temperature field of bipolar high-frequency electric knife were studied. The results show that for the 3 electrode thicknesses of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5mm, in 2s for continuous power, the temperature of each part of the high-frequency electric knife is the highest for the thickness being 0.5mm. Furthermore, the temperature of the insulation layer exceededs the thermal deformation temperature of its produced material, resulting in the insulation layer being softened, and affecting the normal use of electric knife. The thickness of the coating is inversely proportional to the temperature of the cardiac tissue, and is directly proportional to the temperature of the insulation layer and the electrode. With the prolongation of the power duration, the influence of the coating thickness on the temperature of the cardiac tissue gradually increases.
  • Study on the IR properties of ITO with (400) preferred orientation prepared
    CHEN Yida, ZHU Guisheng, XU Huarui, DONG Ling, JIANG Xupeng, SHI Zhongfeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9127-9131. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.023
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    In the study, a highly (400) preferred ITO films were prepared on silica substrates by adjusting the oxygen-flow during magnetron sputtering and the films have “oxygen-poor +oxygen-enriched” structure. The microstructure of the thin film was characterized by XRD and SEM, and its visible transmittance and IR reflectivity were studied. The results showed a high (400) preferred ITO film can be obtained from thin oxygen-enriched layer, while the (400) peak intensity decreased with the enlargement of the oxygen-enriched thickness. The fabricated ITO films of 350 nm thickness are columnar crystals. The surface roughness of the ITO thin films is only 2.9 nm, the visible light transmittance can reach the 87%, and the IR reflectivity is 85% from 2.5 to 15 μm wavelength. The resistivity of the film is 1.32×10-4 Ω·cm, and the carrier concentration and migration rate are 1.24×1021 cm-3 and 38.18 cm2/(V·s). The structure of “oxygen-enriched + oxygen-poor layer” is favorable for obtaining ITO films with high visible transmittance and high IR reflectivity simultaneously.The application of ITO film in the field of IR stealth has a new idea.
  • Study on the application of reclaimed cement slurry instead of portland cement
    SHI Hua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9132-9136. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.024
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    In this paper, through the experiment of replacing portland cement with cement slurry (RCPF), the mineralogical and mechanical properties of RCPF substitute for Portland cement paste are studied, and the feasibility of replacing portland cement with RCPF is evaluated. The performance of RCPFF instead of portland cement paste mixture was characterized by hydration kinetics, carbonization kinetics, tensile strength and porosity. The results show that using RCPF as a partial substitute for cement can not provide any additional filling effect and nucleation site in the mixture. On the other hand, the hydration, carbonization, tensile strength and durability of the materials are increased with the increase of RCPF content. Among them, the compressive strength of M100 mortar water treatment for 90 d can reach 7.29 MPa, and the porosity of 28 d is 31%. The final results show that RCPF anhydrous phase has potential reactivity in mortar.
  • Investigation on strain rate sensitivity of Ti-13Mo-8Cr-6Sn-5Nb alloys by nanoindentation
    XING Xuegang, XIAO Gesheng, WANG Hefeng, SHU Xuefeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9137-9140. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.025
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    Nanoindentation tests were conducted on titanium alloys to investigate the strain rate sensitivity at room temperature. The indenter was loaded to a fixed maximum load with different loading strain rate. The strain rate sensitivity of hardness and modulus was investigated based on continuous stiffness measurement, and the influence of strain rate on creep displacement was further studied. Results show that the titanium alloys exhibit great dependence on loading strain rate in terms of hardness while no obvious relationship can be observed between modulus and strain rate. In addition, dislocation motion is the main creep mechanism at holding stage, and creep stress exponent decreases with the increase of loading strain rate.
  • Research on mix design parameters of recycled asphalt mixture
    DAI Sheng, YAO Xiaoguang, WANG Yan, ZHANG Zhengqi, LI Peilong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9141-9147. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.026
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    In order to make up for the deficiencies of the design process of recycled asphalt mixtures in the current standard, the mix design parameters of recycled asphalt mixture was researched on the basis of the hot mix plant recycling technology in this paper. According to the burning furnace test results of the reclaimed SBS modified asphalt mixture, it is found that after using a certain number of years, the ratio of oil to stone of the mixture has decreased. The aggregate has the phenomenon of refinement, which the large particle size aggregate is easier to be refined into the medium particle size Aggregate, then medium particle size aggregate slowed down, small particle aggregate is basically unchanged finally. In addition, the size of reclaimed material and the ratio of the best oil to stone are closely related to the aggregate density and the maximum theoretical relative density of the reclaimed material. According to the statistical principle and the large amount of data analysis, it is more realistic that aggregate density and the maximum theoretical relative density are decided by “proportion method” and “process method”.
  • Synthesis and field emission characteristics of C60 microtube/rod arrays
    JIN Tong, LIU Dedi, RAO Li, JIA Hongsheng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9148-9151. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.027
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    C60 microtube\rod arrays were fabricated by a modified solution evaporation method, evaporating a solution of C60 in the mixture of toluene and m-xylene at room temperature. The morphology, size, phase structure and Raman spectrum of samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrograph. The results indicated that arrays constitute of C60 microtube/rod with hexangular morphologies were obtained. The XRD result showed a solvated structure mixed with hexangular and face centered cubic for the as-grown sample. C60 microtube/rod arrays showed good field emission performance.
  • Effect of Al3+ content on luminescent properties of Ce3+ doped high silica glass
    REN Linzheng, REN Linjiao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9152-9155. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.028
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    Effect of Al3+ content on luminescent properties of Ce3+ doped high silica glass were researched by theory and experiment method, to analyze the influence of Al3+ on the Ce3+ luminescence performance and improve the luminescence efficiency of rare earth doped high silica glasses. The influence mechanism of Al3+ concentration on luminescence performance of Ce3+ was also studied with the change of absorption and emission spectra of high silica glasses. Experimental results show that the doping amount of Ce3+ can be obviously decreased, the concentration quenching of rare earth ions can be also reduced and the luminous intensity of Ce3+ can be clearly enhanced by co-doping Al3+, when the pore size of nanoporous glass is 7.74nm. However, the doping amount and luminous intensity of Ce3+ were essentially unchanged when the concentrations of Al3+ were greatly increased. This is due to that the doping amount of rare earth ions from surface adsorption is far less than from diffusion. So if you want to enhance the luminous intensity of Ce3+ by increasing the concentration of Al3+, the specific surface area or surface hydroxyl concentration of nanoporous glass should be increased.
  • Study on hydrophobic properties of graphene
    HONG Yue, LI Duosheng, YE Yin, QIN Qinghua, ZOU Wei, LIN Kuixin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9156-9159. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.029
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    In this paper, graphene was synthesized on sapphire substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and the effect of growth time on hydrophobic properties and microstructure of graphene was investigated. Contact-angle meter, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, Raman spectrometer and field emission scanning electron microscopy were applied to study hydrophobic and microscopic structure of graphene, respectively. It shows that after growing 30 min, maximum contact angle of graphene is 129.96°, it presents hydrophobic properties. Meantime, infrared test shows only carbon-carbon double bonds. Raman analysis also indicates three characteristic peaks of graphene after growing 10-30 min. Larger contact angle makes graphene as a potential hydrophobic material, and it can even be a promising superhydrophobic material by its hydrophobic modification.
    • Process & Technology
  • The preparation of silicon-based gold nanoparticles substrate and its application in Raman detection
    YE Qiaoyun, MAN Shiqing, TANG Junqi, GU Ciyong, YAO Xinyan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9160-9163. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.030
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    Monocrystalline silicon is etched by alkaline solution to prepare an ordered pyramid structure. A certain thickness of gold film is plated on the surface of the silicon-based pyramid by magnetron sputtering as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering active substrate. The surface morphology and optical properties of the samples were characterized by SEM and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. With methylene blue as the probe molecule, more Raman characteristic peaks were detected. Raman spectra of melamine and pesticide diphenoquinone were detected by improving silicon fund nanosubstrate. The experimental results show that the prepared silicon fund nanosubstrate has potential application prospects in food safety and pesticide detection.
  • Development and application of conductive polymer composite solid electrolyte with interpenetrating network structure
    LU Sheng, ZHANG Cuiling
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9164-9168. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.031
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    Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTEF) solution was used to pretreat the anodic surface of a Ta porous body formed by a tantalum oxide film (Ta2O5), and non-conductive polymer interpenetrating network with many through holes was formed in the micro porous of tantalum anode. Then the chemical polymerization method was used to polymerize 3,4-ethylene glycol two oxygen thiophene (PEDT) in the interpenetrating network hole, so a conductive polymer composite flexible solid electrolyte layer is formed on the surface of Ta anode. The experimental results show that use 20% volume of PTEF water dispersions, a composite solid electrolyte layer with high mechanical strength would be coated on the surface of the tantalum anode, The average leakage current of the tantalum electrolytic capacitor is less than 15 μA, and the average equivalent series resistance (ESR) value of the product is less than that of 50 mΩ.
  • Study on the preparation technology of chromium contaminated soil-fly ash ceramsite
    YANG Wei, CHEN Yixuan, WANG Haichao, LEI Xiaoling, ZENG Zhen
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9169-9173. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.032
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    The chromium pollution is serious problem in China. The objective of this study is detoxification of chromium contaminated soil with fly ash at high temperatures, and obtain the pottery products in order to realize the utilization of r Cr(VI)esources. The parameters of leaching concentration and ceramsite particle strength were selected to optimize the roasting parameters of ceramsite preparation by using single factor test. The optimum ceramsite products were obtained by orthogonal test. The effect mechanism of sintering process conditions on the properties of ceramsite was analyzed. The results shown that (1) the Ceramsite Cr(Ⅵ) has achieved the good solidification stabilization effect under the test condition; (2) the sintering temperature affect the ceramsite particle strength, apparent density, 1h water absorption rate at significant level; (3) the optimum sintering process condition is the 25% fly ash addition quantity, with the 1 120 ℃ sintering temperature and the 10 min sintering time; (4) the final ceramsite products belongs to the ordinary lightweight aggregate with packing density of 600 kg/m3, and barrel compressive strength of 3.0 MPa; (5) the concentration of Ceramsite Cr(Ⅵ) is 0.042 mg/L, and the total chromium concentration of the leaching liquid is 0.045 mg/L. The safety performance accord with the technical code for environmental protection of chromium residue pollution control (HJ/T301) for the treatment of concrete aggregates with chromium-contaminated soil after detoxification.
  • Preparation and study on xBiInO3-(1-x)PbTiO3 thin films with ferroelectric and dielectric properties
    SUN Kexue, CHANG Yuexin, CHENG Xiefeng, ZHANG Shuyi
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9174-9179. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.033
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    The La-doped xBiInO3-(1-x)PbTiO3 thin films were deposited on single crystal MgO(100) and buffer layer heterostructure substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. By controlling the ratio of target material and sputtering parameters, the loss of Pb and Bi elements of the thin films during sputtering due to heating of the substrate were studied. At the same time, the magnetron sputtering parameters were studied and the optimized sputtering preparation conditions were obtained. Using XRD, SEM, EDS and ferroelectric analyzer, the influence of different BiInO3 components on the properties of the thin films were studied, including the growth orientation, morphology, ferroelectricity, and Curie temperature. At last, the high ferroelectricity and Curie temperature thin films with optimized performance were obtained.
  • Preparation and properties of the superlattice (GDC/YSZ)n electrolyte film
    SU Haiying, JIA Xiaojing, XU Yanbin, LIU Huayan, LIU Chao, DING Tiezhu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9180-9183. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.034
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    Up to now, solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs) have drawn increasing interest, due to their efficiency,and high power density. yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is a superior material as an electrolyte at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1 000 ℃, However, gadolinium-doped ceria (G DC) has a larger ionic conductivity than YSZ at temperatures ranging from 500 to 800 ℃. The superlattice (GDC/YSZ)n electrolyte thin films were fabricated on SrTiO3 (STO) single crystal substrate via pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. By controlling the sputtering time, the thicknesses of the superlattice (GDC/YSZ)n electrolyte thin films were kept at 300 nm. Five different superlattices (GDC/YSZ)n (n=4, 6, 10, 20, 30) electrolyte thin films are fabricated, The characterization of the superlattice (GDC/YSZ)n electrolyte thin films were studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and electrical conductivity measurements. Results show the superlattice (GDC/YSZ)n electrolyte thin films appeared to be homogeneous, uniform and no element diffusion at the interfaces. Electrochemical measurements showed a sizeable increase in conductivity with increasing number of GDC/YSZ interfaces. The observed enhancement in the ionic conductivity was caused by interfacial tensile strain effects rather than to interface spacecharge regions.
  • Preparation and characterization of micron-level TiO2 powders for rutile single crystal growth using verneuil method
    TANG Jian, ZHANG Dong, BI Xiaoguo, NIU Wei, DONG Yingnan, ZHOU Wenping, ZHANG Ruiqing, SUN Xudong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9184-9187. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.035
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    The high purity TiO2 powders were prepared using purified TiCl4 as raw materials, PEG400 as dispersant and ammonia as nucleation agent. The obtained samples were analyzed by ICP, XRD and SEM. The results indicated that after 60 ℃ water bath 2 h, the ammonia solution containing 15 mL PEG400 was joined into TiCl4 solution, and then, calcined under 900 ℃, the high purity TiO2 powders with rutile crystalline phase were obtained. The average particle size of the powders was 70 μm, the morphology was nearly spherical, and the liquidity was good.
  • Rational design of multifunctional luminecent materials based on conjugated organoboron derivatives
    JIN Ruifa, ZHAO Lijuan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9188-9194. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.036
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    Six π-conjugated organoboron molecules have been designed to explore their optical, electronic, and charge transport properties as hole transport and luminescent materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The frontier molecular orbital (FMO) energies, absorption and fluorescent spectra, and charge transport properties have been investigated by applying density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methodology. The FMOs analysis have turned out that the vertical electronic transitions of absorption and emission are characterized as intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). It turned out that the FMO energy levels, band gaps,optical, and charge transport properties are affected by the introduction of different π-spacers. Furthermore, we have also predicted the mobility of the designed molecules. Our results reveal that the designed molecules are expected to be promising candidates for luminescent materials and hole transport materials for OLEDs.
  • Preparation of silicone rubber foams with bi-modal cells
    XIANG Bin, JIA Yalan, LIU Tao, LUO Shikai
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9195-9201. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.037
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    MMT-SiO2/MVQ composite foams were prepared by supercritical CO2 foaming. The effects of MMT on the rheological properties of silicone rubber compound system and the nucleation mechanism were investigated, and the influence of foaming process on the cell morphology of silicone rubber foams was studied systematically. The results show that MMT has a weak reinforcing effect on the silicone rubber matrix. In the matrix, MMT and silica are both used as heterogeneous nucleating agents and heterogeneous nucleation occurs. Thus, silicone rubber foams with a bimodal cell structure is obtained.In addition, better microporous silicone rubber foams can be obtained by optimizing process parameters.
  • Tribology performance of dialkyl dithiocarbamic borate ester
    ZHAO Yongtao, SUN Jianlin, TANG An, WANG Chenglong, ZHANG Hongsong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9202-9206. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.038
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The work aims to study tribology performance of dialkyl dithiocarbamic borate ester. A new extreme pressure and anti-wear additive of dialkyl dithiocarbamic borate ester(CNSB) was synthesized. When dialkyl dithiocarbamic borate ester was added to the base oil in proper proportions, the result was lubricating oil. Tribology performance of various lubricating oil was investigated by using a four-ball tester. Surface topography of wear scar was observed through scanning electron microscopy. By observing wear scar diameter, friction coefficient, maximum nonseizure load and surface topography of wear scar, the tribology performance and friction mechanism was investigated. With the increase of quality fraction of additive CNSB, friction coefficient, wear scar diameter and friction coefficient decreased rapidly, but the maximum nonseizure load increased significantly. The wear scar diameter of oil samples with 1.5% additon amount of CNSB decreased by 28.95%. The friction conefficient of oil samples with 2.0% additon amount of CNSB decreased by 34.48%. The maximum nonseizure load of oil samples with 2.0% additon amount of CNSB increased by 539 N. In the course of friction, the synthetic CNSB was decomposed. The appeared active S elements and a small number of N and B elements formed lubrication protective film, resulting in lower friction coefficient and good wear resistance.
  • Synthesis and electrochemical performance of MoS2/graphene composite
    BAI Lizhong, LI Fang, WANG Yanhui, ZHU Yening, AN Dong, ZHANG Zhiyi
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9207-9211. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.039
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    MoS2/graphene composites with different content of graphene were prepared by a hydrothermal method using ammonium molybdate, graphite oxide(GO) and thiourea as raw materials. The morphology and structure of the obtained materials were examined by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron Microscopy and transition electron microscopy. Electrochemical properties were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicate that GO and Mo2O72- in reaction solution have been reduced to MoS2/graphene composites. The obtained MoS2 nanoflakes are deposited on the surface of graphene. The composite containing 800 mg GO exhibited the best performance, which showed the specific capacitance of 310 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g and it remained 230 F/g after 500 cycles. The results indicate that the intercalation of graphene prevents the aggregation of MoS2 nanoflakes effectively, resulting in large specific surface area. The capacity and stability of the composites are greatly increased by the addition of graphene.
  • Preparation and application of metallic nanoparticles modified graphene materials
    WANG Entong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9212-9215. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.040
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In this paper, the Pt nanoparticles supported by graphite oxide(GO-Pt) were prepared by amide method (Imide activation), and the catalytic activity and stability of the electrochemical catalysts for 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution were studied. The physicochemical properties of Go-Pt nanoparticles were studied through various characterization techniques: the average particle size of Go-Pt nanoparticles was 2.6 nm, its adhesion was strong, and Pt nanoparticles were highly dense dispersed deposited on the amide go. The cyclic voltammetry shows that the catalyst can significantly improve the catalytic activity and long-term stability in the process of electrochemical oxidation of the amine in a strong acidic solution compared with commercial Pt/C and Pt metal electrodes. These enhanced electrochemical properties are attributed to the large amount of electrochemical active surface area formed by small size and highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles deposited in amide go.
  • Study on the rutile titanium dioxide on ZrO2-CeO2 coating
    DUAN Haiting, HOU Qinglin, SUN Zhuolin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(9): 9216-9220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.09.041
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    Taking rutile titanium dioxide as raw material and the slurry concentration, the stirring velocity and the coating agent ratio of zirconium and cerium as influencing factors, the L9(34) orthogonal experiment is conducted to study the optimum technical conditions for zirconium and cerium dualistic coating on the rutile titanium dioxide. The optimal condition is determined through Zeta potential analyzing, and the structure and performance of the obtained base material and the coated sample are characterized by sedimentation experiment, scanning electron microscope(SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM), etc. The results show that a relatively stable coating layer was formed. The optimum process conditions of the rutile titanium dioxide ZrO2-CeO2 coated was obtained.
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