30 March 2016, Volume 47 Issue 3

    

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Focuses & Concerns
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  Microstructure control and hydrogen storage of activated carbon derived from biomass waste

  ZHOU Xiangyang, GENG Zhen, ZHANG Cunman, WANG Dabin, HU Zhenyue

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3001-3006. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.001

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  A series of super activated carbon have been prepared by potassium hydroxide activation of corncob. The as-obtained samples were characterized by TGA together with N₂-sorption and the hydrogen storage performance was investigated. The results show the surface area and total pore volume of the activated carbon were highly depended on the activation temperature and KOH/C ratio, and the ratio of microporous in activated carbon decreases with the increase of activation temperature and KOH/C ratio. The hydrogen uptake results showed the sample achieved the highest hydrogen adsorption (3.21wt% at -196 ℃,0.1 MPa and 5.80wt% at -196 ℃,4.0 MPa) when KOH/C ratio was 4 and activation temperature was 850 ℃. Correlation analysis between the hydrogen storage capacity of the activated carbon and the micropore volume revealed that the most effective pore size for adsorbing H₂ changed at different pressure. High-pressure (4.0 MPa) hydrogen adsorption mainly occurs in the pore size of 0.85-1.5 nm which was different from the ambient pressure (the pore of 1.5-2 nm was in favor of hydrogen adsorption).
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  Study on the preparation and oil absorption of PVA-SbQ/BC composite aerogels

  WANG Jing, WANG Qingqing, WEI Qufu, HUANG Jizhi

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3007-3010. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.002

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  Cross-linked PVA-SbQ/BC composite aerogels were prepared using an environmentally friendly freeze-drying process. The PVA-SbQ/BC aerogel was rendered both superhydrophobic and superoleophilic after being treated with methy methyltrichlorosilane via chemical vapor deposition process. Successful silanization on the surface of the aerogel was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle measurements.The results show that aerogel achieved maximum oil absorption capacities of 55, 52 and 39 g/g of silcone oil, machine oil and bean oil. Stable structure can be used to repeat oil absorption. The aerogel has a certain amount of oil retention capacity. In conclusion, the aerogel will have better application prospects in the area of oily wastewater treatment.
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  Progress of ambient self cross-linkable water-borne epoxy resin nano emulsion

  YUAN Teng, ZHOU Chuang, ZHOU Jian, HUANG Jiajin, TU Weiping, YANG Zhuohong

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3011-3015. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.003

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  The research progress of ambient self cross-linkable modified water-borne epoxy resin nano emulsion were described comprehensively. First, the implement ways of water-based epoxy resin and their characteristics were introduced, including direct emulsification method, phase inversion emulsification method, self-emulsifying method and curing agent emulsification method. Then, the implement ways of ambient self cross-linkable modified water-borne epoxy resin nano emulsion were introduced in detail, including the carbonyl group and hydrazide ambient self-crosslinking, silicone ambient self-crosslinking, the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acid oxidation ambient self-crosslinking, isocyanate group ambient self-crosslinking, crosslinking by michael addition reaction, crosslinking between aziridinyl group or its derivative and carbonyl group, crosslinking of cycllic carbonates with amine, crosslinking between cycloaliphatic diepoxide and carbonyl group, crosslinking by chelation of metal salts with carbonyl and/or sulfo group, ambient multiple self-crosslinking; radiation-curing ambient self-crosslinking, and embedded hardener ambient self-crosslinking technology, and their details mechanism. Finally, some of the basic problems currently existing in the field and some ideas of solutions were advanced and the development trends were prospected.
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  Experimental study on the metastable zone of ZTS solution with the addition of EDTA

  SONG Jie, LI Mingwei, YIN Huawei, KANG Daoyuan

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3016-3020. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.004

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  The effect of ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) on the width of metastable zone of ZTS solution was studied by experiments. The experiments of metastable zone under different saturated temperature, doping concentration (0.15,0.60 and 1.50 g/100 mL) and cooling rate was carried out. The metastable zone width studies were conducted and the nucleation parameters were calculated by the metastable zone width under different cooling rate.
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  Synthesis of polymeric flame retardant containing phosphorus-silicon and the application in polystyrene

  YAN Li, SANG Jimeng, SU Guixian, XIE Jianqiang

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3021-3026. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.005

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  (10-Oxo-10- Hydro-9-Oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-yl) methyl acrylate (DOPO-CH₂O-AA) has been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR. The polymeric flame retardants (PFRs) containing phosphorus-silicon were prepared by free radical bulk copolymerization with DOPO-CH₂O-AA, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570) as fire retardancy units and styrene as the compatibility unit. The influence of DOPO-CH₂O-AA/KH-570 ratio on the thermal degradation was studied experimentally. The PFR with n(DOPO-CH₂O-AA)/n(KH-570)=6/4 presented an optimal charring ability. The 20%-30wt% PFRs were blended with polystyrene,the results of combustion and thermal degradation analysis indicated the condensed-phase effect of PFRs. When 30wt% PFR with n(DOPO-CH₂O-AA)/n(KH-570)/n(St)=48/32/20 was blended in PS, the LOI of flame retarded polystyrene reached to 26.8% with the impact strength 0.92 kJ/m². The thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the temperature of initial decomposition of the flame retarded polystyrene was 350-360 ℃ and the char yields at 600 ℃ of TGA exceeded 20% in air, it implies that there obviously exhibits synergic flame retardant effect between phosphorus and silicon in the condensed-phase.
Review & Advance
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  The development of Fe-based soft magnetic amorphous and bulk metallic glassy alloys

  HAN Ye, ZHU Shengli, INOUE Akihisa

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3027-3032. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.006

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  As guide lines to develop a new soft magnetic material, much attention has been paid to the three development ways by utilizing nonequilibrium phases of amorphous, nanocrystalline and bulk glassy alloy phases. Recently, Fe-based amorphous alloys with excellent soft magnetic properties such as high saturation magnetization, low coercivity, high permeability and low core losses have been synthesized and commercialized. This paper aims to clarify the recent development of Fe-based soft magnetic alloys and bulk metallic glass, to summarize some important research achievement and to prospect the research tendencies for Fe-based soft magnetic amorphous/glassy alloys.
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  Metal-organic frameworks used as delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents

  MA Aihua, HU Tingwei, JIA Qingming, SHAN Shaoyun, SU Hongying, WANG Yaming

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3033-3039. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.007

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  Drug sustained delivery emerging as a class of therapeutics for the particular subsets of cells or tissues, that can show enhanced efficacy, while simultaneously reducing side effects, owing to properties such as less dose, more targeted localization in tumours and active cellular uptake. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess several potential advantages over conventional medicines, notabl they scaled down to nanometer sizes (NMOFs). MOFs have been used as promising drug carriers in biomedical applications due to the high drug loading capacity, intrinsic biodegradability, and versatile functionality. The bulk MOFs can absorb and release large amounts of therapeutic including anticancer and antiviral drugs and anti-inflammatory drugs. In this review, we outline the recent progress of using MOFs as delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents, demonstrate the continuous development and implementation in biomedical toxicology. Although signicant progress has been made in utilizing MOFs for drug delivery, further improvements must still occur before they can be considered for clinical therapeutics.
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  Progress in synthesis and application of styrene-isoprene-butadiene terpolymers integral rubber

  LIU Baoyong, WEI Xuling, WANG Xiaojian, ZHANG Bin

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3040-3046. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.008

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  Styrene-isoprene-butadiene terpolymers integral rubber SIBR is a kind of high-performance green rubber. The concept and structure of integral rubber are introduced in this paper. Furthermore, the synthesis methods of SIBR are discussed in detail, including anionic polymerization, coordination polymerization and free radical emulsion polymerization. Then its application is described in brief. At last, the future developments of SIBR synthesis and application are prospected.
Reseatch & Development
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  The prepartion of sputtered CdS film and its application in CdTe solar cell

  GAO Wenmin, WU Lili, ZENG Guanggen, WANG Wenwu, LI Wei, ZHANG Jingquan, LI Bing, FENG Lianghuan

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3047-3050. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.009

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  CdS thin films with different thickness were deposited on fased sillican and TCO glass using radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. The influence of thickness on the structural and optical properties was studied. CdS films with different thickness were used to prepare CdTe solar cells. The results show that increasing thickness of the film is beneficial to its crystallization. The energy band gap of the film with the thickness 110 nm shows the maximum value of 2.41 eV. As for CdS/CdTe solar cells, the maximumtransfer efficiency reached 11.42% with the thickness 110 nm.
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  The adsorbtion of Cr (Ⅲ) in tanning wastewater by Zr-MMT nanomaterial

  HEI Yani, MA Hongrui, GUO Yingyan, E Tao

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3051-3055. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.010

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  Zr-MMT was prepared by inserting Zr(SO₄)₂ into nano-montmorillonite (MMT), which was used for treating the low concentration Cr (Ⅲ)-containing wastewater. Zr-MMT nanomaterial adsorption mechanism was studied.Zr-MMT nanomaterial was characterized by XRD and SEM.The Results show that Cr (Ⅲ) has been adsorbed on the surface of Zr-MMT,the adsorption process are mainly ion exchange,electrostatic adsorption and surface adsorption; the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model. Under the condition of strong acid and strong alkaline, the instability problems of Zr(OH)₄ and ZrO₂ in tanning waste resourcing were settled and made a stabilized nano-adsorbent.
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  Numerical method investigation of expansion mechanism for balloon-expandable coronary stents

  JIANG Xudong, TENG Xiaoyan, SHI Dongyan, FENG Haiquan

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3056-3063. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.011

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  The numerical model was presented to simulate the free expansion and in-vivo expansion in the stenosed vascular by nonlinear finite element method. Both free expansion and in-vivo performances are analyzed respectively for the S-stent and N-stent with different geometrical link from each other. Effects of different stent designs on the vascular injure are investigated. The numerical result indicates that the S-stent and N-stent are deployed homogeneously in addition that the radical recoil rate and the foreshortening rate of the S-stent are approximate to the counterpart of the N-stent in case of the free expansion. The S-stent and N-stent are provided with good expansion homogeneity, which contributes to expand the stenosed vascular and accurately position the stent. In case of the in-vivo expansion, the radical recoil rate of S-stent and N-stent is higher than that in case of the free expansion while the foreshortening rate is exactly opposite as a result of the interaction of the stenosed vascular. However, the radial recoil and foreshortening for the S-stent are higher than the counterpart for the N-stent. It results in less wall stress level and stress gradient on the stenosed vessel, contributing to the less vascular restenosis resulting from the vascular injure for the S-stent. Therefore this analysis model provides important theory guide to the biomechanical performance evaluation, the optimization design of stents and the vascular injure estimation by stent intervention.
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  An investigation on the microstructure of abnormal impact energy specimens for the post-irradiated A508-3 steel

  WU Lu, TANG Hongkui, PENG Yanhua, ZHU wei, WU Xiaoyong, WEN Bang, WANG Fei, YANG Fan, WU Yongjun, SUN Kai

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3064-3069. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.012

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  The mophology of impact fracture, microstruture, grain size, voids, and secondary phases of abnormal impact energy specimens of post-irradiated A508-3 steel were observed by using optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) with shield in this paper, and the possible reasons also was analyzed. The results indicated that the bainite structure and grain size of the domestic A508-3 steel had no obviously change under this irradiate conditions(neutron fluence2.97×10¹⁹ n/cm², irradiation temperature (290±15) ℃, which was not the main reason causing impact energy abnormally. The direct reason probably was the differences in fraction volume of the detects(voids) in the matrix. In addition, the detects could be divided into two types, one was filled with layer-like Al₂O₃, MnS, and Al-Mg-O tenary secondary phases combining together, and the other was voids. Furthermore, the boundary between these secondary phases and matrix was quite loose, which was easily to cause the toughness decreasing.
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  Influence of nanometer titanium dioxide on optical property of marine solar panel cover-glass

  ZHANG Tian, YUAN Chengqing, ZHANG Yan, YAN Xinping

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3070-3073. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.013

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  Marine solar panels are in the complicated marine environment chronically where is very humid and contains large quantities of corrosive substances, so they are easily corroded. Thereby optical performance and photoelectric conversion efficiency of marine solar panels will be affected to a large extent. Nanometer titanium dioxide coating possesses superior anticorrosion performance, hydrophobicity and certain characteristic of self-cleaning in general environment. If it can be applied to marine solar panels, this problem can be alleviated. In order to apply nanometer titanium dioxide coating to marine solar panel cover-glass, cover-glass samples with nanometer titanium dioxide coating in general environment were prepared using 3 different methods. Then the transmittance of each sample was measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometer. And the results show that cover-glass samples with nanometer titanium dioxide coating which are prepared by method of scrape coating have the best optical property, and their optical property is similar to or even better than general cover-glasses.
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  Influence of crystallization characteristic of LAS low thermal expansion glazes on thermal shock resistance

  LIU Manman, XIAO Hanning, LIU Jingjing, LIN jing, HE Hengping

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3074-3078. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.014

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  Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ system low thermal expansion glazes used on the low expansion cordierite ceramic substrates were prepared by preparation process of raw glaze using spodumene, petalite, feldspar, quartz, clay, talc and calcium carbonate as raw materials. The compositions of crystal phases and microstructure of the glazes with different mole ratio n(Li₂O)/n(Na₂O) and the thermal shock resistance of the samples with the glazes on surface were researched. The formation mechanism of β-spodumene crystals was discussed. The results show that with the increase ratio of n(Li₂O)/n(Na₂O) the crystallization temperature ascends, the content of glass phase in the glaze layer decreases, the main crystalline phases of the glazes changes from β-quartz solid solution into β-spodumene solid solution, and the thermal expansion coefficient of glazes also decreases. The flexural strength of sample with β-spodumene glaze on its surface increases by 20% than the body, and the sample has excellent thermal shock resistance. In the sintering process β-spodumene glaze experienced changes of petalite melt-quartz dissolved-β-spodumene dissolved-β-spodumene melt and β-spodumene solid solution recrystallized at cooling process.
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  Preparation and characterization of PEG-HPMC solid-solid phase change membrane

  CHEN Yaliang, SHAO Ziqiang, LIU Yanhua

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3079-3084. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.015

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  Solid-solid phase change hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) membranes were prepared via blend method using poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) as the additive. The prepared membranes were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG), X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmittance, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mechanical properties.The effect of blend ratio on the membranes properties was evaluated. The results showed that the addition of PEG would affect the thermodynamic performance of solid-solid phase change hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) membranes. With the increase of PEG content, the heat of melting and thermal stability of membranes enhanced, whereas the breaking strength, yield strength and modulus of elasticity decreased.At the same time, the elongation at break of the composite membranes greatly improved, but the tensile strength began to decline when the amount of PEG reached 30wt%. When the addition of PEG was beyond 20wt%, the prepared membranes once transparent precipitately became opaque and opalescent.
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  Solid/liquid interface evolution of the directionally solidified Ni-Si eutectic alloy with electron beam floating zone melting technique

  CUI Chunjuan, YANG Meng, YANG Cheng, XUE Tian, TIAN Lulu, WEN Yagang

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3085-3089. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.016

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  Ni-Ni₃Si eutectic in situ composites were prepared by electron beam floating zone melting technique. The solid/liquid interface at different solidification rates were obtained by zero power method. It was shown that the morphologies of the solid/liquid interface changed obviously. At the low solidification rate(R≤1.0 mm/min), the solid/liquid interface was planar interface. The planar interface was destroyed with the increase of the constitutional undercooling resulted in the increase of the solidification rate, and the regularity of the solidification microstructure was decreased as well. Moreover, the effect of wavelength of the interference wave on the stability of the solid/liquid interface was calculated according to M-S theory, the calculated result was consistent with the experimental result well.
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  Influence mechanism of cement on the strength of foamed asphalt cold recycled mixture

  HAO Peiwen, JIANG He, WANG Hong, LI Zhigang, WANG Chun

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3090-3096. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.017

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  Surface micro-profiles characters of RAP, new material and foamed asphalt mortar were studied by SEM, then quantitative nondestructive detection of CT was adopted to reveal the influence of the cement on internal pore characteristics ofMarshall specimen made by foamed asphalt. The results indicate that cement hydration products in foamed asphalt cold recycled mixture significantly improve the aggregate angularity, therefore the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate increase; composite mastics consisting of cement hydration products and asphalt film form a spatial structural network which had fiber-reinforcement and filling effect in mixture, significantly enhance the overall stability of the foamed asphalt mortar and the strength of the mixture; As a secondary binder, cement hydration products also change the gradation of inner pore, increase the number of micro pores and reduced the average diameter of internal pore, so as to improve the water susceptibility of foamed asphalt mixture.
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  Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles using brick tea for removal of hexavalent chromium

  LIU Qing, ZHANG Mei, ZHAO Guodong, ZHANG Yanxia, CHEN Chunning

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3097-3102. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.018

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  Green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has become a promising field of research in recent years. It has been proved that the simple and cost-effective green synthesis process is environmentally friendly, stable and can be used for large-scale production. In this study, iron nanoparticles were synthesized using aqueous brick tea extracts as both the reducing and capping agent. The prepared BT-FeNPs are amorphous spherical particle with particle size ranging between 20 and 30 nm, and contain Fe⁰, iron oxide and iron hydroxides. In addition, BT-FeNPs are encapsulated by the organic groups of —OH,—NH₂,CO,—CH₂,—CH₃,CN and C—O—C. This was confirmed by UV-Vis,XRD,SEM,TEM,FT-IR and EDX techniques. The removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution by BT-FeNPs was also investigated. The optimum removal conditions were found to be as follows: an initial Cr(Ⅵ) concentration of 20 mg/L, a temperature of 25 ℃, a reaction time of 90 min, pH of 4. At this condition, the removal rates of Cr(Ⅵ) reached 96.3% by BT-FeNPs. The removal of Cr(Ⅵ) and the oxidation resistance property of BT-FeNPs are better than that of NaBH₄-FeNPs prepared by chemical method because the surface of BT-FeNPs is coated by the organic groups in brick tea extract. Finally, the plausible mechanism for the removal Cr(Ⅵ) using BT-FeNPs has been suggested to be the combined action of reduction, adsorption and complexation. Further more, the remoel of Cr(Ⅵ) and the resistance to oxidation of BT-FeNPs are improved by the organic groups.
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  Research on microstructures and properties of Ni-W-Re_xO_y composites coatings prepared by electrodeposition

  ZHANG Xuehui, LI Xiaoxian, CHEN Hao, LI Jinhui, PENG Chao

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3103-3108. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.019

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  The Ni-W-CeO₂ (Dy₂O₃) composite coating on 45^# steel substrate was prepared by direct current electrodeposition process. The microstructure and morphology of the composite coatings were analyzed by SEM and EDS. At the same time, the thickness, tungsten content, microhardness and corrosion resistance of the coatings were measured. Results show that the addition of rare earth oxide particles can significantly improve the cathode polarization effect and refine the grain structure. Furthermore, with the increasing of the addition amount of the rare earth oxide, the microstructure of the coating is changed from crystalline to amorphous structure, and the tungsten content, microhardness, corrosion resistance of the Ni-W-CeO₂ (Dy₂O₃) composite coating increased gradually. When the addition amount is 16 g/L, the comprehensive performance of the composite coating is best.
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  Mechanism for the effect on synthesis of AlN from Al₂O₃+C activated by plasma assisted ball milling during solid-state reaction

  DAI Leyang, GUO Xueping, YAN Jin, ZHANG Baojian, LIU Zhijie, WANG Wenchun

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3109-3114. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.001

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  Synthesis mechanism of AlN by Al₂O₃+C powders through carbothermic reduction reaction was investigated, in which the Al₂O₃+C powders was activated by plasma assisted ball milling (PM) or by conventional ball milling (CM). The results indicate that Al₂O₃+C powders activated by 30 h of plasma assisted ball milling can be converted to AlN totally through carbothermic reduction reaction when annealed at 1 400 ℃ for 4 h in N₂. It is solid state reaction mechanism for the carbothermic reduction reaction of Al₂O₃+C powders after plasma assisted ball milling. Compared to Al₂O₃ powders, the time for activation of Al₂O₃+C powders by plasma assisted ball milling is reduced 10 h mainly because a homogeneous miscible mixture was formed between Al₂O₃ and C phases. As a result of the cooperation of plasma and ball milling, the subsequent carbothermic reduction reaction of Al₂O₃+C in solid state is promoted kinetically due to the homogeneous composite structures which increase the reaction diffusion channels and shorten the average diffusion length significantly.
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  Influence of —COO^-1/—SO^-1₃ ratio to polycarboxylate dispersants on dispersity of CWS

  WANG Rui, ZHANG Guanghua, ZHU Junfeng, HE Zhiqin

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3115-3119. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.021

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  Using methacrylic acid (MAA), allyl sulfonate (SAS) prepared five kinds of anionic CWS dispersants PMAS, with different —COO^-1/—SO^-1₃ ratio.Their structures, molecular weights and distributions were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The relation between —COO^-1/—SO^-1₃ ratio with apparent viscosity, zeta potential and stability of the slurry were investigated, when the dispersants were used for Binchang coal to prepare CWS with 65wt% solid content and 0.4wt% dosage solid content. And the effect of pH on coal water slurry applications.was discussed. It showed the synthesized PC dispersant under the —COO^-1/—SO^-1₃ ratio of 3.238, the CWS exhibited optimized apparent viscosity and stability,zeta potential can reach -38 mV. The coal water slurry apparent viscosity gradually reduced with the increase of pH, and went to stability when pH greater than 10.
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  Research on the preparation of S and La co-doped nano-TiO₂ and its photocatalytic properties of degradation for formaldehyde

  ZHANG Lan, YANG Ruixian, DING Wuxiu

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3120-3124. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.022

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  S-La-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method. The nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, XRD and UV-Vis etc, and the results showed that the crystal form of S-La-doped TiO₂ was single anatase, and the adulteration of S and La induced the granularity decrescence of the nanoparticles. The photodegradation of formaldehyde using the TiO₂ nanoparticles was studied and the results of photocatalytic test showed that the S-La co-doped nano-TiO₂ had good photodegradation property for formaldehyde under ultraviolet and visible radiation. Compared with pure TiO₂, the activities of photocatalytic degradation for S-La co-doped nano-TiO₂ was more obvious. The activity of the photocatalyst firstly increased and then decreased with the increasing of S doping amount while La doping amount fixed. S-La co-doped nano-TiO₂ showed the best performance of photodegradation for formaldehyde when the molar ratio of each element in the photocatalyst sample (n(S)∶n(La)∶n(Ti)) was 1∶0.01∶1.
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  Effect of Si₃N₄ whisker on the properties and microstructure of TiC_0.7N_0.3-WC-TaC-Mo-(Ni,Co) cermet

  LIU Bing, ZHANG Qian, JIANG Shan, LEI Yu, TU Mingjing

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3125-3128. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.023

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  Ti(C,N)-based cermet with different content of Si₃N₄ whisker were fabricated by powder metallurgy process. The density tester, Transvers rupture strength (TRS) tester, Vichers hardness (Hv) tester, X-ray diffraction (XRD) tester, and Scanning electric microscope (SEM) tester were used to study the effect of Si₃N₄ whisker on the microstructure and properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermet. The results shows: All the compositions added into Ti(C,N)-based cermet powder can be dispersed fully by selected ball milling process. The addition of Si₃N₄ whisker can strengthen and toughen the Ti (C, N)-based cermet matrix by the mechanism of whisker pull-out and bridging. However, the high length-diameter ratio of whisker will increase the porosity in ceramic matrix which have an adverse effect on material properties.
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  Biomimetic mineralization of collagen fibers regulated with “soft template”

  LI Na, LUO Xueshi, YE Bihua, LI Zhiwen, WU Di, LI Lihua, LI Hong, ZHOU Changren

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3129-3135. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.024

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  In this paper, polyacrylic acid (PAA) and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) were applied as “soft template” which simulated respectively as the N- and C-terminal domains of the non-collageneous proteins DMP-1 in vivo to control the mineralization process of type Ⅰ collagen. Experimental pH was settled at 7.4 and β sodium glycerophospate was applied as the phosphorus scource. Nano-hydrixyapatite (HAp)/collagen scaffold (n-HA/COL) was fabricated in this experiment. In addition,human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) were selected to study the effects of the materials on the cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Results showed that self-organization and minimization of the collagen fibers were simultaneous. The aging process contributed to the growth of HAp. Self-assembled HAp nanoparticles depositedboth on the external collagen fibres and the terminal of microfibrils. Nano-calcium phosphate crystals were distributed along the cylindrical surface of the collagen microfibrils. Cell culture showed that n-HA/COL did not significantly promote the proliferation of hUMSCs cells but can induce osteoblast differentiation and to promote AKP expression. Also, the osteogenic effect was more significant when n-HA/COL combined with OICM. This “bottom-up” method of deep mineralization provides a novel approach for preparation of bone compositescaffolds, and the n-HAp/collagen composite is expected to be used for bone repairing and regeneration.
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  Synthesis and performance study of two electrochromic polymers composed of benzoselenadiazole unit

  CHENG Qing, WEN Qingzhen, ZHU Jinhua

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3136-3139. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.025

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  Two organic conjugated monomers were prepared via the Stille coupling reaction, conductive polymers were prepared by electrochemical method, structure and photoelectric properties of monomers and polymers were investigated. ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR of monomers were consistent with the theory, FT-IR showed electrochemical polymeric site was α-position of thiophene. When applied voltage was from 0 to 1.2 V, both of the polymer films showed electrochromic performances. Compared with P1, P2 had better electrochemical stability and thermal stability due to the stronger force effect by repeated cyclic voltammograms and TGA. The above conclusion proved that the P2 based on benzoselenadiazole was a more promising material in the electrochemical field, meanwhile, it showed that the monomer structure had greatly impact on the performance of polymer.
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  Study on the effect of wear conditions of reciprocating sliding wear test on drug releasing behavior of UHMWPE loaded with alendronate sodium

  WANG Jing, QU Shuxin, TONG Qilei, CHENG Xiang, WENG Jie

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3140-3145. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.026

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  In our previous study, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) loaded with alendronate sodium (ALN) for anti-osteolysis was developed. The application of UHMWPE-ALN has always been accompanied by friction and wear. However, the influence of friction and wear on drug release of UHMWPE-ALN is still unclear. So the aim of this study is to use a computerized reciprocating ball-on-plate sliding wear apparatus to investigate the effect of different tribological parameters including counterface material, normal load and lubricant on the in vitro drug release and tribological behavior of UHMWPE-ALN. The results showed that during the UHMWPE-ALN wear process the drug release curve of ALN was consistent with zero-order release kinetics. Normal load and counterface material had a greater influence on the drug release behavior of ALN than that of lubricant. The release of ALN was positively correlated with volumetric loss according to the results of tribological properties.
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  Study on the electronic structures andphase properties of wurtzite Be_1-xMg_xO alloy

  ZHENG Shuwen, ZHANG Tao, ZHANG Li, CHEN Zhenshi

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3146-3150. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.027

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  The electronic structures and phase properties of wurtzite(w) Be_1-xMg_xO alloy are investigated by the first-principles method based on the density functional theory. The calculated results show that the bandgap of w-Be_1-xMg_xO is determined by O2p and Mg3s states. The bandgap of Be_1-xMg_xO alloy becomes smaller and its ionic character is enhanced with the Mg content x of Be_1-xMg_xO is increased. There is a strong lattice vibration effect in the w-Be_1-xMg_xO structure, which chiefly originates from the large difference in the average bond length between Be—O and Mg—O. w-Be_1-xMg_xO alloy is likely to form disordered structure because the formation energy of its disordered phase is lower than its ordered phase, so it is necessary to prepared the w-Be_1-xMg_xO alloy with higher growth temperature.
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  Experiment and calculation of residual load bearing capacity of hybrid fiber reinforced self-consolidating concrete simply supported beams after fire exposure

  ZHANG Cong, DING Yining, CAO Mingli

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3151-3157. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.028

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  In recent years, the building fire occurs very frequently. With the widely use of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) in construction engineering, studying the fire resistance of SCC and fiber reinforced SCC has become particularly important. Focusing on the fire resistance property, the influence of steel fiber, macro PP fiber and micro PP fiber on the load capacity of SCC simply supported beams after fire exposure was investigated in this paper. Meanwhile, a calculation method for load capacity of SCC beams was proposed by taking the effect of hybrid fibers into consideration. It is hoping to provide a reference to the maintenance and reinforcement of structures after fire exposure by quantifying and predicting the residual load bearing capacity of fiber reinforced SCC beams.
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  Research of a shell-focused transducer based on 1-3 piezoelectric composites

  WANG Kexin, HE Min, HAO Qi, LIU Yang, ZENG Deping

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3158-3162. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.029

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  To solve the problems that current piezoelectric ceramic focused transduce- rs have the high impedance, narrow bandwidth and low electro-acoustic conversion efficiency, this paper used 1-3 piezoelectric composites as the focused ultrasound transducer materials to design and produce a new type of shell-focused transducer. By researching the new transducer’s frequency characteristics,electro-acoustic conversi- on efficiency and compared with the currently applied PZT shell-focused transducer, we proved that the impedance of 1-3 shell- focused transducer is low, the relative bandwidth is 61%. The relative bandwidth of 1-3 shell-focused transducer is PZT piezoelectric ceramic shell-focused transducer 3.39 times. The electro-acoustic conve- rsion efficiency η of 1-3 shell-focused transducer is 54%. It is PZT piezoelectric ceramic shell-focused transducer 1.68 times. Besides, by compared the result of actual sound field test with the simulation of acoustic field in Matlab of transducer, we can conclude that the transducer in this study has a great acoustic field characteristics and focusing effect. It provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the realization of high performance focused transducer.
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  Formation and long-term aging nucleation mechanism of previous particle boundaries (PPBs) of spray forming LSHR alloy

  GUO Lei, XU Yi, WU Chaochao, FANG Pengjun, YIN Hangboce, ZHAOAnlong, SUN Chuanshui

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3163-3169. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.030

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  Previous particle boundary (PPB), as a kind of main defects, is widely researched in P/M superalloy. In this paper, PPB microstructures of spray forming LSHR alloy are observed by SEM and OM. The eliminating method about PPB is studied, the PPB and carbides morphology evolution are discussed, and strengthening phase characteristics are analyzed at 704 ℃ during long-term aging of 100, 200, 500 and 800 h, respectively. The results show that PPBs of spray forming LSHR alloy are composed of carbonitride, borides and a few large γ′ particles. The carbide forming elements, such as Ti, Al, C, B and so on, segregate along the surface of single chilled droplets. Abundant PPBs can be eliminated underwent high temperature solution treatment, meanwhile, grain boundary strength reduced because of high temperature. Carbides and γ′ phases occurs to nucleate and grow up lead to PPB increases further.
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  Thermal analysis of aphanitic graphite/PVA composites

  XIE Wei, ZHOU Yang, PENG Shunwen, KUANG Jiacai, ZHENG Yaya, YI Shihe, DENG Yingjun

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3170-3174. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.031

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  This paper takes the aphanitic graphite/PVA thermal conductive composite as the research object, and analyzes the factors influencing the thermal conductivity, and puts forward a mathematic model of thermal conduction. The results show that the factors that influence the aphanitic graphite/PVA composites thermal conductivity include the content of impurities, grain size and thickness. Its thermal conductivity increased with the increasing of graphite content and grain size, the decreasing of graphite impurities and the coating thickness. The values calculated with the measured thermal conductivity close to the mathematical model of the percentage of Aphanitic Graphite/PVA composites thermal conductivity, the minimum relative error is 0.935%, while the maximum relative error is 12.558%. The results of the study will provide a reference for the follow-up study.
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  Study on microstructure and properties of Ti-35Nb-7Zr/10CPP biocomposite

  HE Zhengyuan, ZHANG Yuqin, ZHOU Rong, JIANG Yehua

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3175-3180. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.032

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  With addition of bioactive ceramic powder of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP), as 10wt% of titanium matrix, the Ti-35Nb-7Zr/10 CPP composite was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology. The study was focus on phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties and bioactivity of the composite. The results showed that the composite was consisted of a β-Ti phase matrix, a little residual α-Ti phase and metal-ceramic phases (CaO, Ti₂O, CaTiO₃, CaZrO₃ and Ti_xP_y). The composite appeared low elastic modulus of 46 GPa and high compressive strength of 1 434 MPa, revealing a good mechanical compatibility. Compared to Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy, the surface of composite was deposited lots of bone-like apatite after soaking in SBF for 7 d, which showed a good bioactivity.
Process & Technology
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  Adhesive and tribological properties of boron-doped diamond films on cemented carbide

  TANG Xiaolong, XU Feng, XU Junhua, YE Peng, WU Haibing, ZUO Dunwen

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3181-3185. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.033

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  Diamond coated cutting tools have wide application potentials in the high-performance machining of difficult-to-machine material such as carbon fiber composites. In this paper, boron-doped diamond films were prepared on WC-Co cemented carbide inserts using hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) technique in the mixture of B₂H₆, H₂ and CH₄. The surface morphology, quality and adhesive strength of BDD films were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra and Rockwell-C indentation, respectively. The tribotests were carried out to study the coating coefficient of friction and the wear rate under different temperatures. The proper boron level will refine the diamond grain size. The adhesion between coating and substrate can improved at the B/C ratio of 3×10^-3. Furthermore, the friction coefficient can be reduced and the wear resistance can be improved at this boron concentration. The wear rate increases with increasing temperature under an appropriate boron doping level.
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  Influence of different heat treatment on the properties of drill pipe material ceramic coating

  HUANG Bensheng, CHEN Xiang, PENG Cheng

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3186-3190. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.034

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  In order to study the influence of different heat treatment on the properties of drill pipe material ceramic coating, the surface morphology and composition analysis of ceramic coating samples after heat treatment were investigated using scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy dispersive spectrum. And the MLS-225 type wet sand rubber wheel abrasion tester was used to analyze the wear resistance of samples. Combined with the analysis of mechanical properties of the ceramic coating sample, the best heat treatment process can be selected. The results show that: compared with samples ｛GZ(R),JZ(R)｝ with heat treatment process of normalized processing, ceramic coat processing and the tempering heat treatment, the samples ｛GR(R),JR(R)｝ with heat treatment process of ceramic coating processing and the tempering heat treatment have good comprehensive mechanical properties and wear resistance, GR(R) and JR(R) can replace the wear-resistant belt of the drill pipe and satisfy the requirement of the operation condition of the drill pipe. Quenched-tempered heat treatment has a great influence on the abrasion resistance of the compound film.
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  Preparation of Mn-Zn ferrite flake absorber by self-reactive spray forming technology

  GAO Haitao, WANG Jianjiang, XU Baocai, CAI Xudong, HOU Yongshen

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3191-3195. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.035

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  Fe,MnO₂,Fe₂O₃ and ZnO as the reaction system, Mn-Zn ferrite flake absorber was prepared successfully by self-reactive spray forming technology. Enthalpy (H) and adiabatic temperature (T_ad) of system are calculated to analyses the formation mechanism. SEM and XRD were used to characterize the pattern and phase of sample. According to the excess, T_ad is 2 055 K, self-propagation reactive can be ignited and products can be melted, the product molten drops impacted onto cupreous plate to achieve flattening. The results showed that most of absorber were flake with diameters of 150 μm long and 20 μm thick, constituted by Mn_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄ phase and few Fe₂O₃ phase with spinel crystal structure. Absorption test showed that absorber had one absorbent peak, the maximum value of microwave reflection loss was -14 dB and the frequency range was 5 GHz where the microwave absorption values are less than -10 dB. The results showed the Mn-Zn ferrite flake absorber provided with preferable property, is worthy of further study.
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  Characterization of cuprous oxide prepared by double rosin based double quaternary ammonium salt as a template

  WANG Jinpeng, SHI Xiaomeng, YU Zhe, SONG Zhe, QIN Chengcheng, HAN Shiyan

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3196-3199. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.036

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  The 0.05 and 0.1 g/mL NaOH solution were selected to prepare two cuprous oxides A1 and A2 under the85 ℃ by reducing method which treated copper sulfare as raw material and regarded double rosin based double quaternary ammonium salt as the formwork. The A1, A2 were analyzed and compared to the four cuprous oxides A3,A4,A5 and A6 which were prepared by adding CTAB and without the surfactant. The morphology, crystal form, structure and the forbidden band width of the six cuprous oxides were characterized by ways of SEM,XRD,XPS and UV-Vis; the A1, A2 had highest degradation efficiency which were 74.64% and 88.84% respectively among the six cuprous oxides, the experiments were regarded Rhodamine B as degradation simulation objects and conducted for 4 h by ultraviolet light catalytic degradation. The results of the analysis showed that the morphology, crystal form and catalytic degradation rate of the prepared cuprous oxides which regarded double rosin base pairs of quaternary ammonium salt as template were superior to others.
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  Effect of carbon nanotubes on WC grains and strength of cemented carbide

  YUE Lifu, SUN Xiaogang, PANG Zhipeng, CHENG Xiaoyuan, LIU Zhenhong, WU Xiaoyong, NIE Yanyan

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3200-3204. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.037

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  A kind of cemented carbide was fabricated by the vacuum sintering process using multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)as the reinforcing phase and WC-10Co as the matrix. The MWCNTs and WC-10Co composite powder were mixed by wet-process ball-milling. The distribution of MWCNTs in cemented carbide matrix and the microstructure of sintered cemented carbide were observed by SEM. The results show that the carbon nanotubes were inserted in the WC grains boundary. This inhibited the growth of WC grains and finer grains were gained. The transverse rupture strength increased 7.8% and reached 1 780 MPa.,
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  Fabrication of semiconducting Cu/Cu₂O dispersive composite thin films with metallic resistivity and the bias voltage effect

  LIU Yang, MA Ji, TANG Bin, JIANG Meiping, SU Jiangbin, ZHOU Lei

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3205-3209. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.038

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  Cu/Cu₂O dispersive composite thin films were successfully fabricated on glass slides using direct current-balanced magnetron sputtering technology by changing the substrate bias voltage. Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, four-point probe instrument and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer were applied for a detailed characterization. It was found that as-prepared composite thin films show an intriguing combination of metal and semiconductor characteristics with resistivity of (5.23-9.98) × 10^-5 Ω·cm and bandgap of 2.23-2.47 eV. It was also found that the substrate bias voltage influences the morphology, structure, electrical and optical properties greatly. Especially, when the substrate bias voltage was -100 V, as-prepared composite thin film presents a condensed morphology and a well-crystallized structure with the lowest resistivity and the narrowest bandgap. Further, the bias voltage effect during balanced magnetron sputtering deposition was studied and two new mechanisms which differentiate from the traditional bombardment and re-sputtering mechanisms were also proposed.
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  Preparation, characterization and application performance of the surface sizing agent for papers based on collagen from leather wastes

  WANG Xuechuan, SHANG Yuemei, REN Longfang, ZHANG Sufeng, WANG Qun

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3210-3214. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.039

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  The gelatin was hydrolyzed by using trypsin to prepare collagen, and then the collagen reacted with MA. Finally, ammonium persulfate was as initiator, MA-collagen reacted with styrene and ethyl acrylate monomer, a new surface sizing agent for papers was prepared in acquous phase. The grafting rate and precipitation rate of the product were as indexes, the preparation conditions of product were optimized by single factor experiments. The product was characterized by FT-IR, particle size analyzer and XRD. The sizing performance of the product was also studied. The results showed that hydrolyzed collage reacted with styrene and ethyl acrylate monomer. The grafting rate was about 60%. The size distribution of product was uniform and the average diameter was 0.318 μm. The product was used in paper sizing alone, the tensile strength, ring crush strength and water resistance of the papers increased respectively for 35.27%, 95.43% and 25.36%. When the product and styrene acrylic emulsion together were used in the sizing of paper, their optimal proportion was 8∶2.
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  Effect of preoxidation on sulfidation resistance of Fe-Cr-Al porous materials

  TAN Ping, CHEN Jinmei, WANG Jianyong, GE Yuan, LI Zengfeng, KANG Xinting, YANG Baojun, HE Weiwei

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3215-3221. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.040

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  Fe-Cr-Al alloy are regarded as the optimization materials for the cleaning coal gasification in high temperature purificatory, due to their good mechanical property, oxidation resistance and sulfide resistance at high temperature. This paper discussed the effect of pre-oxidation on sulfidation resistance of Fe-Cr-Al porous materials. It has formed continuous and compact Al₂O₃ countercheck film in Fe-Cr-Al alloy surface after preoxidation,which can be prevent the diffusion between S and metal ionic and improved the sulfide resistance greatly.
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  Preparation of BaCo_0.7Fe_0.2Nb_0.1O_3-δ asymmetric oxygen permeable membrane

  LIU Yinhe, DING Weizhong, JIANG Lan, YANG Gonghui, ZHANG Xingxing

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3222-3226. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.041

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  This paper focuses on the preparation of asymmetric membrane based on BCFN. Three different forming methods were used to prepare the porous support. Then, the porous support has been characterized in terms of gas permeability and pore distribution. On consideration of mechanical strength and permeability,the property of porous support obtained by dry pressing was better than those prepared by other forming methods. In addition, the thickness and quality of the dense layer can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of the suspension slurry. When the precursor was dipped into 20wt% aqueous slurry, followed by drying and co-firing, thus, dense layer (thickness: about 30 μm) with high quality surface and no cracks was acquired. And it was found that the asymmetric structured membranes with the porous support showed remarkably higher oxygen permeability as compared with a conventional sintered disk-type membrane, which was as about 3 times high as the symmetric membrane. The fabricated asymmetric can be used steadily for a long time at 850 ℃.
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  Prepraration of copper nanoparticles in microemulsion by semi-continuous process

  CHEN Guangyan, LONG Qin, XIE Kenan, WANG Hu, FU Zhiqiang, XIAO Huanhuan

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3227-3231. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.042

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  Using a microemulsion as reactor, sodium borohydride as reducing agent, copper nanoparticles were synthesized by semi-continuous process at room temperature. Through single factor experiment, various factors(dispersant, water-oil ratio and the initial concentration of copper ions) which may affect the particle size and morphology during the preparation process were optimized. The product was characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM and TEM show that the copper nanoparticles are spherical and its average diameter is 5-10 nm approximately. XRD reveals that the products are pure. This method making organic solvents and surfactant reused has improved the yield of copper nanoparticles by microemulsion more than three times and reduced production costs.
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  Preparation and characterization of fluorocarbon-multiwall carbon nanotube composite coatings

  LI Juan, FENG Lajun, LI Guangzhao, YAN Aijun

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3232-3236. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.043

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  To enhance the service lifetime of Q235 substation grounding grid steel, fluorocarbon-multiwall carbon nanotube composite coatings deposited onto grounding grid substrates were prepared by brushing method. Various techniques such as resistivity, polarization curve, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and thermal gravimetric analysis were applied to characterize the properties of the composite coatings. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of Q235 substation grounding grid steel improved after prepared the composite coatings on its surface. When the content of the added multiwall carbon nanotube ranges from 0.5wt% to 2wt%, the corrosion rates of the composite coatings were two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the Q235 substation grounding grid steel. The resistivity of the composite coatings first decreased and then increased with the increase of multiwall carbon nanotube content. The resistivity of the composite coatings reached a minimum value of 4.5×10^-4 (Ω·m) when the content of multiwall carbon nanotube was 1.5wt%. The composite coatings were extremely stable below 300 ℃, and the multiwall carbon nanotube formed network structure, which could meet the corrosion resistance demand of substation grounding grid completely.
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  The relationship between the mechanical properties and microstructure changes of welded Al-Zn-Mg alloy joints

  QIN Fang, MENG Lichun, YANG Xiubo, LIU Cong, CHEN Jianghua, LIU Chunhui, LIU Jizi

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3237-3242. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.044

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  Al-Zn-Mg alloy parts joined by metal inert-gas welding (MIG) are widely applied in high-speed trains as important structural components. In the present study, the joints of a T4-treated Al-Zn-Mg alloy plate with a T5-treated extrusion profile fabricated by MIG welding were studied to reveal the relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure changes of the welded joints, by means of electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Vickers hardness test and fatigue test. The results show that the impacts of the heat inputs, introduced during welding, on the T4-treated plate, are rather different from that on the T5-treated extrusion profile section: There is a softened zone in the later part, and the softened zones are widened with the increase of number of repair welding, and the precipitates in the heat-affected zones are changed significantly, whereas the hardness of the HAZ of the former part remains nearly the same. Furthermore, fatigue life expectancy of the welded joints decreases slightly after repair welding. Pores and inclusions introduced by repair welding increase the uncertainty of fatigue performance.
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  Synthesis of Fe doped modified HMS molecular sieve and its adsorption desulfurization performance

  FAN Jungang, LI Ping, TIAN Xinyao, CHEN Renyan, ZHANG Zhigang, LI Wenxiu

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3243-3246. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.045

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  Metal Fe doped modified Fe-HMS molecular sieve was synthesized by sol-gel method, using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silicon source, ferric nitrate as iron source and dodecyl amine (DDA) as template. The Fe-HMS molecular sieve was characterized by X-ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and NH₃ temperature programmed desorption technology. The results showed that the Fe-HMS was mesoporous molecular sieve, and Fe doped into HMS zeolite frameworks resulting in specific surface area and pore volume decreased, but the material’s surface acidity increased. The adsorptive desulfurization performance of modified Fe-HMS was evaluated by model fuel (MF) containing thiophene and its derivatives through static and dynamic adsorption. The optimum synthesis conditions of Fe-HMS were under the mole ratio n(Fe)∶n(Si)=1∶50, the mole ratio n(DDA)∶n(TEOS)=1∶5, and the calcination temperature for template removing was 550 ℃. Thiophene and benzothiophene adsorbed on Fe-HMS can be well described by first order and second order kinetic model, which illustrated the adsorption process including both physical and chemical adsorption. Fe-HMS adsorbed different thiophene structure sulfur compounds through the adsorption capacity order: thiophene＜3-methyl thiophene＜2,5-dimethylthiophene＜benzothiophene.
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  Preparation and heat storage performance investigation of expanded graphite/octahydrate composite solidified phase change material

  LENG Congbin, JI Xu, LUO Xi, LI Ming, YU Qiongfen, LI Haili, SONG Xiangbo

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3247-3252. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.046

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  The expanded graphite/octahydrate composite solidified phase change material was prepared through adding the nucleating agent of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the thermal conductivity material of expanded graphite to the octahydrate by utilizing the vacuum adsorption method. The thermal performance of the expanded graphite/octahydrate composite solidified phase change material was tested and investigated with the methods of cooling curve and calorimetry analysis. The results indicated that when the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.5%-2% was added, the supercooling degree of octahydrate decreased from 11.4 ℃ to within 0.5 ℃,and the supercooling degree could be reduced to 4 ℃ by adding 1%-3% expanded graphite. The optimum composition of composite phase change material was 93% Ba(OH)₂·8H₂O + 6% EG + 1% KH₂PO₄, the latent heat of the phase-change material was up to 248.3 kJ/kg. When compared with the pure substance, the heat storage time could be shortened by 45.1%, the release heat could be shortened by 54.5%, and there were no liquid phase change produced in the phase change process, which was a novel solid-solid composite phase change material.
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  Preparation and properties of nonwoven composite modified by bacterial cellulose

  ZHANG Xueting, CHU Minglei, LIU Sa, LI Lifeng, LI Weichang, WANG Lin, REN Li

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3253-3257. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.047

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  Bacterial cellulose/nonwoven composite was prepared by biological composition method. The structure, moisture content, moisture loss rate and mechanical properties were studied. Besides, biological safety was also studied by L929 cell culture in vitro. And the antibacterial BC/N-Ag composites were prepared by in situ composite. The results showed that bacterial cellulose (BC) and nonwoven (Non) achieved good composite. And the moisture content of bacterial cellulose/nonwoven composite increased from 410% to 1 018%, the water loss rate decreased from 82.39% to 48.07%. The composite enhanced the moisture content and water holding capacity of bacterial cellulose/nonwoven composite. And both tensile strength and elongation at break were higher than BC and Non. MTT showed that BC/N had good biocompatibility. Antibacterial results showed that BC/N-Ag had excellent antibacterial properties, and the highest antibacterial rate against escherichia coli staphylococcus aureus reached 99.96% and 99.93% respectively. Therefore, this material was expected to be widely used in the field of medical dressing.
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  The study on the dispersion and stabilities of nano-titanium dioxide

  HU Ri-Le-Chao-Ke-Tu, YANG Shangyuan, CHANG Fei, SUN Baoyun

  功能材料. 2016, 47(3): 3258-3262. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.03.048

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  This paper presented the investigation of the dispersion and stability of rutile TiO₂ nano-powder in pure aqueous media where sodium carboxyl-methyl cellulose (CMC-Na) was used as dispersant before oral administration to mice. The results of UV-Vis absorption spectra for both upper layers and lower layers, and dynamic light scattering study showed that the dispersion and stability of TiO₂ suspension have relationship with the amount of TiO₂ powder and the concentration of surfactant in aqueous solution. Better dispersion and stability were got when the concentration of CMC-Na was less than 1.5% and the amount of TiO₂ was less than 2.012 mg/mL.