25 August 2011, Volume 42 Issue 08
    

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  • WANG Yongtao;WANG Weiwei;LIU Qingju
    . 2011, 42(08): 1351-1353.
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    The organic-inorganic hybrid films synthesized from polyimide and inorganic silica have a wide range of applications and development potential in catalysis and separation,microelectronics,photoelectrics and thermal insulation because of their excellent comprehensive properties.And there are more and more investigations on hybrid materials,so in this paper,the influence of SiO2 content on the optics,electronics,mechanics and thermal properties of polyimide/silica hybrid films are summarized,and also the basic rules of their properties changed with different content of SiO2 are summarized.
  • GU Yue;CHAO Yuesheng;ZHANG Yanhui
    . 2011, 42(08): 1354-1356.
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    In this article, the application of EET in the study on general materials and nanocrystal soft magnetic alloys are described. It is given that existing questions and some resolutions of EET in the study on nanocrystal soft magnetic alloys. Finally, the using of EET in nanocrystal soft magnetic alloys is prospected in the future.
  • 研究与开发
  • RAN Yingchun;HE Guotian;WANG Jingang
    . 2011, 42(08): 1357-1359.
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    Abstract: The safety of MRF is an important guarantee for its application, so it's of significance to research the conductive properties (insulating properties) of MRF. The aim of this paper is measuring the MRF's resistance with the magnetic field, and anglicizing its electric properties. The article has designed MRF resistors, which is made of metal cylinder containers and filled with magnetorheological fluid. With the magnetic field effect, the magnetic particles between two metal plates connected into chains, which make conductivity between two plates change, causing the decrease of resistance. We deduced resistance expression, and the experimental results matched the expection.
  • GAO Jiacheng;TAN Zun;REN Fuzhong
    . 2011, 42(08): 1360-1363.
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    Kinetics and technology of Ni electroless planting on carbon fibers was studied. The result indicated that with an increase in deposition temperature or pH of the plating bath,or a decrease in stabilizer concentrations,the deposition rate increased but the stability of the bath became worse; There were obvious four stages in the deposition: initiation period, acceleration period, deceleration period, and stationary period. The tumor-like deposition shape formed in the surface of the plating, when the temperature or pH of plating bath was too high, or fibers were plated for too long time. During our study, the rate order of [OH-] and [Na6H5O7] is a= 0.26565 and b=-0.23287 in the reaction rate equation V=K[OH-]a[Na6H5O7]b[[Ni2+]c[H2PO2-]dexp(-Ea/RT),and the surface energy Ea= 61.034KJ/mol.
  • LI Qiang;LI Lei;LIN Hanyang
    . 2011, 42(08): 1364-1367.
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    Polyvinyl choride (PVC)-polyvinyl butyral (PVB) blend ultrafiltration membrane was prepared by using phase-inversion technique. The effects of using three different types of PVB and the contents of the additives, i.e. polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), in the casting solution on the performance of the blend membrane were investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the hydrophilicity and the water flux of the blend membrane are much better than those of the PVC membrane. The performance of the blend membrane was improved significantly by introducing PVB-60T to PVC. The water flux and the rejection of Bovine Serum Albumin(BSA) solution were improved by using PVP and PEG together as additives in the blend membrane. When the contents of PEG and PVP in the casting solution are 5% and 1% respectively, the water flux of the blend membrane can reach 510.1 L?m-2?h-1, and the BSA rejection rate is about 98%.
  • XU Yi;ZHANG Baosen;XU Binshi
    . 2011, 42(08): 1368-1371.
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    A copper nanoparticles/serpentine composite as lubricating material was prepared using mechano-chemical method. The tribological properties of the as-prepared material as oil additive were evaluated by employing an oscillating friction and wear tester. The worn surface was characterized by means of nano-indenter, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS). The mechanism for the friction and wear reducing properties was discussed. Results indicate the composite lubricating material exhibits excellent tribological properties. The friction coefficient and wear rate decrease by 16.4% and 69.2% compared to those of the base oil, respectively. The composite lubricating additive particles have participated in the complex physicochemical interactions at the friction interface and induced the formation of a smooth and compact tribofilm enriched in Fe, Si elements on the worn surface, which possesses high nano-mechanical properties, as improves the wear resistance and results in the significantly reduced friction and wear.
  • SHEN Zhemin;SUN Kening;YAN Yan
    . 2011, 42(08): 1372-1375.
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    Ag-CuO sealing material was used to realize the sealing between the SUS430 interconnect and the NiO-YSZ anode in air. Leakage rate were tested, and SEM and EPMA test were conducted to determine its hermeticity, compatability and thermal cycling stability. Results indicated that Ag-CuO sealing material could realize the seals between the interconnect and the anode effectively, and when the Cu content is 6mol%, the simulating leakage was smallest, lower than 0.001sccm?cm-1.After ten times thermal cycling,the leakage rate kept stable. EPMA analyses proved that no element diffusion occured at the interconnect/Ag-CuO interface.
  • ZHONG Xin;WU Jihuai;FAN Leqing
    . 2011, 42(08): 1376-1379.
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    Abstract: MnO2-CNTs (carbon nanotubes) composite matrial was successfully synthesized by depositing MnO2 nanoparticle onto the surface of CNTs with chemical coprecipitation method. This composite material was characterized by XRD and SEM. The electrochemical properties of MnO2-CNTs composite material were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge. The results show that MnO2-CNTs composite material combines the higher specific capacitance of MnO2 and the electrochemical stability of CNTs. The specific capacitance of MnO2-CNTs electrode reaches 220 F/g. And a MnO2-CNTs/AC (active carbon) asymmetrical supercapacitor was assembled. It was found that, with the mass ratio of positive electrode and negative electrode with 0.75:1, the specific capacitance of the asymmetrical supercapacitor achieved the highest value of 306 F/g which was larger than that of the symmetric supercapacitor, and the asymmetrical supercapacitor has good electrochemical stability.
  • WANG Lingjie;LIN Jinyang;SU Yijing
    . 2011, 42(08): 1380-1382.
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    SnO2 nanomaterials were synthesized by gas-phase oxidation on different substrates, silicon, Au, Cr and stain steel respectively. The morphology of SnO2 were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the field emission properties were characterzed. The results show that when current density reaches to 10uA/cm2, the turn-on electric field of Si, Au, Cr and stain steel are 3.6V/μm,2.3V/ μm,2.45V/μm,1.7V/μm respectively. The results show that the field emission properities of SnO2 on stain steel substrate takes precedence over others, and SnO2 on Si substrate is lousiest.
  • FANG Xi;ZHU Sirong;LI Zhuoqiu
    . 2011, 42(08): 1383-1385.
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    Abstract: Carbon fibers (CF) alignments in the composites matrix have a considerable effect on the self-sensing characteristic to the CF smart composite. The electro-mechanical response of single carbon fiber under off-axis tension is focused on in this wok in micrometer scale. The resistance of CF was tested under off-axis tension. The experimental result indicates that CF resistance change under different angle’s off-axis tension varies nonlinearly. Strain parallel to CF orientation increases resistance of CF, more effective than strain perpendicular to CF does. The angle 62°between CF orientation and loading direction is the critical value for positive and negative electro-mechanical response.
  • WANG Song;HE Guotian;WANG Ping
    . 2011, 42(08): 1386-1389.
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    Abstract: The electrical characteristics of magnetorheological fluid can be widely used in automatic control, medical, automotive, aircraft manufacturing and many other areas . This article have derived the formula of MRF between capacitance and Dielectric constant,made the Capacitors which can load the MRF. And then we measure the change of capacitance when the MRF is seen as a kind of electrolyte during the time of magnetic field change . And we also measure the sensitivity of the dielectric constant of different concentrations of MRF as the magnetic field changes.And at last,we have made the Curve of the capacitance - magnetic induction intensity , capacitance- concentration and Then the experimental results have been analyzed.We have the Conclusion that When the magnetic field increases, the dielectric constant is also larger, resulting in increased capacitance of the conclusions of MRF.
  • KUANG Jingzhong
    . 2011, 42(08): 1390-1394.
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    SrO-Al2O3-SiO2 system glass were investigated. The affect of the thermal history on the transformation kinetics of glass was studied using Ozawa equation, Kissinger equation and the correctional equation JMA. The results showed that for the glass with the same chemical composition, the activation energy of crystallization E, Avrami exponent (n) and the pre-exponential factor of crystallization rate (ν) were distinctly influenced by the thermal history. The results, which were calculated by different methods, were some difference. The experiment of glass crystallization showed that the primary and secondary crystal phase of glass ceramics was not influenced by the thermal history. The effect of thermal history on the crystallization activation energy existed because of the different proportion of the primary and secondary crystal phase precipitated.
  • LI Xiangguo;YUAN Long;MA Baoguo
    . 2011, 42(08): 1395-1398.
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    In this paper, the sintered thermal insulation materials were fabricated by using iron tailings, shale, mica, feldspar and foaming agent. In order to study microstructural characteristics of porous thermal insulation materials containing iron tailings, thermal analysis of ingredients, XRD and SEM of samples were tested. The results show that eutectic temperature and sintered temperature of samples fell with increasing of mica contents of ingredients, plagioclase contents of samples raised and quartz contents of samples decreased when shale contents of ingredients were increased that could promote the sintering reaction of plagioclase, lots of well-proportioned holes could be found in the sample, the diameter of holes are no more than 2mm, there are many pinholes among and in the large-size holes.
  • YIN Jin;LI Guangming;HE Wenzhi
    . 2011, 42(08): 1399-1402.
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    Electrical and electronic products’ waste rapid growing caused serious environmental problems. The recycling of waste PCBs has been noticed. The possibility of preparation of the renewable composite panels using non-metallic scraps after air sorting of waste printed circuit boards have been studied and the changes of the tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength of the composite material according to different filler particle size, dosage and modifier has been investigated. The research results showed that using maleic anhydride stem grafting polypropylene (MAH-g-PP) as the modifier, taking polypropylene S700 as the substrate resin, and choosing 20% adding dosage of the 0.125~0.3mm non-metal powder fragments, the plate mechanical properties are superior, and the application prospect is widespread.
  • CUI Hongchao;LI Decai;WANG Cui
    . 2011, 42(08): 1403-1406.
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    Fluorocarbon surfactant as a new functional materials possess excellent thermal stability and chemical stability,resist high temperature, acid, alkali and corrosion, with high surface activity and high efficiency and other excellent features. This paper performed experiments on two fluorocarbon surfactants(perfluoropolyether oil (FMY); perfluoropolyether acid (FMS)) and other hydrocarbon and silicone surfactant in the measurement of surface tension, surface tension changes with temperature, surface tension changes built surfactants and viscosity-temperature behavior to obtain optimum conditions of application, so as to determine the preparation conditions of fluorocarbon-based magnetic fluid.
  • ZHANG Bitao;YANG Shiyuan;WANG Junxia
    . 2011, 42(08): 1407-1409.
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    The chemical grafting maleic anhydride onto carbon fibers were adopted. The surface microstructures of carbon fibers treated with various stages were characterized by FT-IR, TG-DSC and Raman. The results indicated that the carbonyl groups were appeared in the infrared spectra; the thermal weightlessness rate was 2.729% after grafting MAH. More oxygen-containing function groups can be grafted onto the surface of carbon fibers by the modification with grafting. The Raman spectra showed that the crystallite size was reduced, and the activity of the graphite crystallite boundary was improved, which may be of great benefit to the improvement of the bonding properties between carbon fibers with resin.
  • LUO Peipei;ZUO Yi;SUN Bin
    . 2011, 42(08): 1410-1414.
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    Microspheres of Isoniazid (INH)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) were fabricated by oil-in-oil (O/O) solvent evaporation method for the treatment of bone tuberculosis. In order to prepare PCL microspheres with high efficiency of drug content, technological parameters such as the concentration of surfactant in continuous phase, the volume ratio and initial viscosity of dispersed phase and continuous phase, the mass of INH added into solvent were investigated systematically. The chemical structure, crystallinity and morphology were characterized by IR, XRD and SEM. The microspheres prepared by optimized conditions display an average particle size of 28.73μm with 2.36wt% drug loading amount and 49.58% entrapment efficiency, presenting spherical shape and porous surface. Meanwhile the INH-loaded PCL microspheres were also prepared by oil-in-water (O/W) solvent evaporation method as the contrast. The results show that O/O solvent evaporation method has better drug loading and entrapment efficiency than O/W method. It is a feasible approach to encapsulate micromolecular and hydrophilic drugs for the releasing therapy of tuberculosis of bones and joints in the future.
  • XIE Ruishi.LIU Lingyun;LI Yuanli
    . 2011, 42(08): 1415-1417.
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    Fe:ZnSe/ZnS core-shell nanocrystals were synthesized by water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsions of cyclohexane/Triton X-100/water/propanol-2. The as-prepared nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminesce (PL) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy. The effect of molar ratio of surfactant to water (R value) on the optical properties of as-synthesized products was investigated, and the underlying mechanisms were discussed.
  • ZI Zhenfa;LV Jianguo;LIU Hongyan
    . 2011, 42(08): 1418-1420.
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    In this paper, Sr0.8La0.2Fe11.8Co0.2O19 ferrite film has been prepared on (001) sapphire substrate via the chemical solution deposition method. Structural characteristics indicate that the film is c-axis oriented and single-phase with the space group P63/mmc. The grains are regular columnar and the sizes are in diameter between 50 and 100 nm by AFM results. The sample possesses high saturation magnetization (130emu/cm3), high coercivity (6.9kOe), and large squareness ratio (0.9) at room temperature, which makes it a promising candidate for application in high recording materials.
  • HUANG Xiaozhong;DU Zuojuan;YUAN Xiaoning
    . 2011, 42(08): 1421-1423.
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    Using nitric iron and teos as raws, Fe3O4/SiO2 mesoporous assembly fiber was synthesized through Sol-Gel route. When the Fe/Si was equal to 0.13-0.23 and H2O/Si was1.2-2.1, the stringiness of the sol system is good. The mesoporous assembly fiber was characterized by TGA, IR spectrum, DTA ,XRD, SEM.The result showed that the mesoporous assembly fiber has smooth and compact surface with the diameter about 50μm. The magnetic particles are inlaided in the disordered mesoporous gel network and its size is about 50nm. The SiO2 phase of the fiber mainly was existed as armphous and the magnetic particles was Fe3O4. The magnetic property of the fiber was examined by VSM. The result showed that the saturation magnetization(σs) of the fibre is about 11emu/g and has good soft magnetic characteristics.
  • QIAN Zhiyong;LUO Yanfeng;FU Ya
    . 2011, 42(08): 1424-1428.
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    Abstract: Diamine modified polylactic acid (DMPLA), as a well-established PLA derivative with pendant amino and carboxyl groups, has been confirmed to possess improved hydrophilicity, weakened acidic degradation products and enhanced cytocompatibility. However, the established synthesis technology for DMPLA is complex and usually leads to obvious PLA degradation due to the aminolysis of PLA backbone. In order to overcome the shortcomings, a novel synthesis technology was designed in this study: Firstly, a new monomer maleic hexanediamine acid (HOOC-MAH-HDA-NH2) was synthesized by reacting maleic anhydride (MAH) with hexanediamine (HDA), which was then incorporated onto poly(DL-lactic acid) (PDLLA) backbone by free radical graft copolymerization. Theoretically, the obtained polymer (MHPDLLA) has similar chemical structure to the hexanediame modified PDLLA (HMPDLLA) obtained by the traditional technology. Results from FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and DEPT135 verify the chemical structures of HOOC-MAH-HDA-NH2 and MHPDLLA. Furthermore, the molecular weights detection via gel permeation chromatography with multi-angle laser light scattering (GPC-MALLS) indicates that, the molecular weight loss of MHPDLLA compared to PDLLA was 33-34% while HMPDLLA was 66-68%. This suggests that this new synthesis technology is effective in preventing PDLLA from aminolysis, and may hopefully promote the applications of MHPDLLA as a base material for preparation of bioactive or biomimetic materials.
  • YUE En;TANG Long;LUO Shunan
    . 2011, 42(08): 1433-1435.
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    Abstract: Electroless nickel and nitriding on the surface of iron powder in suspended phase can improve the property of magnetorheological fluid. The antioxidation of iron powder is improved through the electroless nickel and nitriding by SEM、TG、XRD and magnetization characteristic, Fe4N is formed on the surface of iron powder through the nitriding. The wear resistance of magnetorheological fluid is improved through nitriding by friction performance analysis.
  • YU Min;DING Haitao;GUO Dongjie
    . 2011, 42(08): 1436-1440.
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    Ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC) is a new type electroactive polymer material, it has broad application prospects. In order to effectively describe the deformation law of IPMC, an electric-mechanical actuator model for IPMC was proposed in this paper. In this model, force balance equation of hydrated cation was established, and the concentration of water molecules as well as the water content distribution was calculated based on the concentration of hydrated cation distribution and diffusion of water molecules; the relationship between water content and strain was determined by experiments; then the strain distribution along the thickness and the corresponding output displacement of IPMC sample were obtained. The method is suitable for different shapes of IPMC actuators. The results from the simulation and experiment verified that the electric-mechanical actuator model in this paper well expressed the characteristics of the IPMC actuators under a step DC voltage, which proved that the method is correct and feasible.
  • GUO Hongli;LIU Guo;LI Xuedong
    . 2011, 42(08): 1441-1444.
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    The 0.65Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.35PbTiO3(PMN-PT) thin films have been prepared on LaNiO3(100)/SiO2/Si(100) substrate via a rf magnetron sputtering method. The PMN-PT thin films were post-annealed by two-step rapid thermal anneal in different conditions. It was indicated that PMN-PT thin films show highly (100)-orientated. This surface of the thin films by proper two-step rapid thermal anneal was smooth, dense and crack-free, also show excellent ferroelectric properties. The (2Pr) can be up to 24μC/cm2, and the RMS roughness only 7.4nm. Furthermore, dielectric constant (εr)和and loss (tgδ) are 545和0.062, respectively. Keywords: radio magnetron sputtering; PMN-PT thin fims; rapid thermal anneal(RTA)
  • WANG Chuntao;ZHANG Wenkui;HUANG Hui
    . 2011, 42(08): 1445-1447.
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    I-doped TiO2 nano-size powder was synthesized using sol-gel method, I-doped TiO2/ITO was prepared by spin-coating method, and annealed under the temperatures of 300 ~ 600 ℃. The microstructure, chemical composition and optical and of as-formed films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-vis absorbance spectra. The photoelectrochemical property was tested by amperometric i-t curves of transient photocurrent generated under Xe light irradiation. The results showed that the absorbance edges of I-doped TiO2 were red-shifted to visible zones of 450 ~ 600 nm and exhibited a noticeable photoelectrochemical property.
  • WANG Chuansheng;ZHANG Dewei;BIAN Huiguang
    . 2011, 42(08): 1448-1452.
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    Mixing parameters are important parameters of manufacturing short fiber-rubber composite material. They influence the mixing process and performances of mixed rubber greatly. The influence of mixing parameters including Filling Factor, Ram Pressure, Cool-water Temperature, Rotor Speed and addition of short fibers on mixing process and performances of mixed rubber was studied by the experimental study. And the experimental results indicates that along with the increasing of Filling Factor, Ram Pressure, etc, the maximum power, unit consumption of energy, etc, will increase. While the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanized rubber will get best values. And the proper mixing parameters of short fiber-rubber composite material are following, Filling Factor is 0.6, Ram Pressure is 0.6MPa, Cool-water Temperature is 40℃, Rotor Speed is 70 rpm and addition of short fibers is 3.
  • YE Jingyun;ZENG Rong;TU Mei
    . 2011, 42(08): 1453-1456.
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    Abstract: Chitosan physical hydrogels were obtained by replacing 1,2-propanediol with alkaline solution, and the effect of the concentration of alkali and ionic crosslinked pretreatment with tripolyphosphate(TPP) on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of hydrogels was investigated. The microstructure of hydrogels showed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) was a three-dimensional network full of nano-fibers. The internal structure of the hydrogels could be affected by ionic crosslinked pretreatment. The mechanical properties characterized by unconfined compressive test and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis showed that the mechanical properties of hydrogels without ionic-crosslinked increased with the increasing concentration of NaOH solution, the value of which was not more than 4 mol/L, and the concentration of NaOH solution for the best mechanical properties is 4mol/L. The crosslinking of chitosan with TPP caused some decrease of mechanical properties of the hydrogels, and the mechanical properties of hydrogels got the best mechanical properties at 2mol/L. The two kinds of physical crosslinking methods used in this experiment had a competitive relationship.
  • LI Yuan;WANG Wenwen;ZHANG Junying
    . 2011, 42(08): 1457-1460.
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    Tungsten-doped indium oxide (In2O3:W, IWO) films were prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering. The effects of oxygen partial pressure and sputtering time on surface morphology and photoelectric properties of IWO films were investigated. The result showed that the film surface morphology was closely related with the photoelectric properties. It was found that photoelectric properties of films were sensitive to the oxygen partial pressure because oxygen partial pressure could significantly influence the surface morphology of films, meanwhile sputtering time also significantly affected photoelectric properties of films: With oxygen partial pressure and sputtering time increased, the resistivity of films were decreased first and then increased. When oxygen partial pressure was 2.4×10-1Pa, the arrangements of the films surface crystal grain were most compact, The as-deposited IWO films at optimum resistivity 6.3×10-4Ω?cm were obtained with the Hall mobility up to its highest value34cm2V-1s-1 and the average transmittance about 85% in the visible light region from 400 to 700nm and over 80% in the near-infrared region from 700 to 2500nm.
  • ZHANG Zuli;LI Wei;WANG Hua
    . 2011, 42(08): 1461-1462.
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    ABSTRACT: In order to Satisfy the demand of the sensor that feels the electromagnetic induction , a kinds of simple and cheap sheathed electric cable are designed to in the environment of the high temperature and is used to the sensor that feels the electromagnetic induction .It is made by two string line,and satisfy the demand of the sensor that sub winding feels the electromagnetic induction of primary winding and are adopted to judge the steel impurity to sure fine steel. Experiments explain that we research to manufacture a kinds of electric cable that sheathed and is used to the sensor that feels the electromagnetic induction can work stably and credibly .
  • XI Yu;HE Chunli;YANG Sang
    . 2011, 42(08): 1467-1470.
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    Acrylic acid (AA) was grafted onto the surface of polyethene (PE) films to improve their hydrophilicity and anti-clotting properties. The grafting reaction was performed using a benzoyl peroxide (BPO) initiator. Effects of such conditions as BPO concentration, monomer concentration, the optimum temperature and polymerization time on degree of grafting was systemically investigated. The structure and hydrophilicity of ungrafted films and grafted films have been characterized by FTIR and surface water contact angle test respectively. The results showed that acrylic acid was successfully grafted onto the surface of PE films by BPO, the hydrophilicity of grafted PE films were improved significantly. Three commonly used intuitionistic methods were employed to evaluate the blood compatibility of ungrafted films and grafted films. The results showed that PE-g-AA films have very slight interaction with blood cells. The grafted films can remarkably postpone the activation of coagulation factors and intrinsic coagulation system, and can effectively resist the intrinsic coagulation route, it means anti-clotting properties of grafted films were much improved than that of the ungrafted films.
  • SI Haien;ZHU Zhongqi;ZHANG Jin
    . 2011, 42(08): 1471-1473.
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    Abstract: Mesoporous material for its excellent physical and chemical properties is widely used in adsorption separation, fine chemicals, chemical catalysis, petroleum and chemical industry. In this paper, orthogonal experimental method is adopted to prepare orderly mesoporous SiO2. At Si in the CTAB ratio 0.14, the crystallization time 48h, crystallization temperature 100℃, the calcination temperature 600℃, orderly mesoporous SiO2 were prepared and the average pore diameter is 3.80nm, the average surface area is 962.78m2/g, the total pore volume is 0.92cm3/g. This method can be used in industrial production for the simple equipment requirements and short production cycle.
  • YANG Xiaojiao;LIU Ying;LI Jun
    . 2011, 42(08): 1474-1477.
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    The nickel citrate precursor fibers were prepared, using citric acid and basic nickel carbonate as the raw materials by the Sol-Gel method. The nickel fibers were derived from thermal decomposition of the precursors in argon gas atmosphere. The morphologies, thermal decomposition process and structure of the nickel fibers were characterized by FE-SEM/EDS、DSC-TG、XRD、FT-IR and XPS, respectively. The experimental results indicated that the nickel appeared when the heat treatment temperature was 300℃, and there was no nickel oxide existed during the whole process of the thermal decomposition. So the nickel fibers could be formed directly by the thermal decomposition of the precursor fibers, without the process of nickel oxide reduction.
  • WANG Haifeng;WANG Shulin;JIAN Dunliang
    . 2011, 42(08): 1478-1481.
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    ZnO nanorod arrays were prepared by chemical solution deposition on pre-modified FTO substrate with ZnO nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the ZnO nanorod arrays. The as-prepared ZnO nanorods are hexagonal wurtzite single-crystalline structure and grow along c-axis. The individual ZnO nanorod is about 40nm wide and 900nm long. The nanorod arrays are dense arranged and consistent oriented. Using the ZnO nanorods array film sensitized by eosin Y as the photoelectrode, we fabricated dye-sensitized solar cell device, which exhibits an open-circuit photovoltage of 0.418V,a short-circuit photocurrent density of 0.889mA/cm2, and an overall conversation efficiency of 0.133% under an AM-1.5 illumination at 100mW/cm2.
  • LEI Yongpeng;WANG Yingde;XUE Jingen
    . 2011, 42(08): 1482-1484.
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    Hydrolysis of a novel poly(alkylaminoborazine) (PPAB) to boron nitride in air and its effect on PPAB’s pyrolysis product in Ar were investigated by using FT-IR, TGA, XRD and EDX. The results show that B-N units in PPAB were sensitive to vapor in air and B-O bonds formed during hydrolysis. Hydrolysis accelerated with increasing temperature and time. The ceramic yields of PPAB before and after hydrolysis were 45.9% and 56.4% at 1000℃ in Ar, respectively. In addition, pyrolytic residue of hydrolyzed PPAB in Ar was a mixture of BN and B2O3. While products obtained from PPAB is BN in which B/N was nearly stoichiometric without B2O3.
  • HE Xinhai;QI Lehua;WANG Junbo
    . 2011, 42(08): 1485-1488.
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    Biological tubular SiC porous ceramics are prepared from ramie fibers as the template material by sol-gel and carbothermal reduction methods. Phase composition, holes characteristics and microstructure of the specimens have been studied. Combined with the thermodynamic analysis, the reaction mechanism of the material preparation has been also discussed. The results show that carbothermal reduction of SiO2 gel and C derived from ramie is mainly the solid-solid reaction of SiO2 and C, including the local gas-solid and gas reactions of SiO and C or CO. SiC porous ceramics have inherited the hollow tracheid structure of ramie fibers, and the major phase is β-SiC. Compared with the samples derived from ramie without degumming, the samples derived from degummed ramie shows the more integral hollow structure of fibers, the major pore structure is slit type, BET is 12.97 m2/g, BJH is 9.6 nm, the pore volume is 0.037731 cm3/g when P/P0 = 0.97 and pore size distribution presents the multi-stage characteristics.
  • HAO Huiying;LI Weimin;ZENG Xiangbo
    . 2011, 42(08): 1489-1491.
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    A series of transition films from amorphous to microcrystalline silicon was successfully prepared by very high frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (VHF-PECVD). Effects of gas pressure on the microstructure, photoelectric and transport properties of the films were investigated. The results indicate that increase of gas pressure improve the photosensitivity and deposition rate, while the order degree of the microstructure and transport properties get worse.
  • SU Qingmei;ZHONG Guo;LI Jie
    . 2011, 42(08): 1492-1495.
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    Fe/Fe3C-filled carbon nanotubes were prepared by a chemical vapor deposition process in which ethanol was used as carbon source, ferrocene was used as the catalyst precursor and dichlorobenzene was used as the additive. The morphology and microstructure of the synthesized products were examined using SEM, XRD, HRTEM, and so on. The results show that dichlorobenzene is critical for the filling of CNTs, and the filling ratio of Fe/Fe3C nanowires is as high as 33%. When the thickness of the CNTs absorber is 2 mm, there is a peak of reflection loss at 4.5 GHz. The peak of the reflection loss shifts to lower frequency when the thickness increases, showing that the as-grown CNTs is promising as an effective absorber in low frequency.
  • ZHANG Yongai;LIN Jinyang;WU Chaoxing
    . 2011, 42(08): 1496-1499.
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    Surface-conducted field emission cathode with ZnO nanowires (ZnO-SCFE) has been successfully fabricated on the glass substrate by thermal evaporation and screen printing and its field emission (FE) characteristics were aslo investigated. SEM shows that the diameters of aligned and quasi-perpendicular ZnO nanowires synthesized on the glass substrate at reaction temperature of 550℃ for 30min under a flow rate of 60SCCM of Ar and 1SCCM of O2 were scattered in a range of 80-200nm and the length up to 7μm. FE indicates that its turn-on voltage was approximately 70V and electron emission efficiency was around 26.2% which was more higher than that of surface-conducted emission display (SED) when the gate and anode voltage was 96V and 2000V, respectively, at the anode-cathode spacing of 500μm. In addition, the emission current of ZnO-SCFE cathode was about 135μA after aging for 80min. Moreover, it exhibited a stability without a great degradation, which indicates the ZnO-SCFE cathode has a stable and efficient FE properties.
  • YI Chengjian;PENG Xianghe;SUN Hu
    . 2011, 42(08): 1500-1503.
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    Taking into account the effects of the magnetic saturation and non-linear magnetization, a finite element analysis is performed for the magnetic-mechanic responses of a single chain in a magnetorheological fluid (MRF). The effect of the number of the particles in a chain on the shear resistance is investigated. Making used of a statistical approach, the critical shear stress of MRFs are obtained, and the results are identical with the experimental results. It is found that finite element method can be used to describe the response of MRFs, which may be of help for the initial design and optimization of high-performance MRFs.
  • XIONG Chenxi;PENG Xianghe;YI Chengjian
    . 2011, 42(08): 1504-1507.
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    The effects of oleic acid and lauric acid on the stabilization of magnetorheological fluids (MRF) were investigated experimentally. Several groups of samples were prepared, with both lauric acid and oleic acid as additives. The variations of the zero-field viscosity, mechanical property and sedimentation rate of these samples against time were tested, and the effects of volume fractions of lauric acid, oleic acid and carbonyl iron on the stabilization and mechanical property of the MRF samples were studied. The results indicate that the proper addition of lauric acid and oleic acid could significantly improve the mechanical property of magnetorheological fluids.
  • LIU Qi;CHEN Demao;LIU Yan
    . 2011, 42(08): 1512-1515.
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    In this paper aimed the trait of tail gas of diesel vehicle,The integrated structure of DOC and CDPF was introduced,The four-way-catalyst for tail gas filter of diesel vehicle was devised and it’s properties was tested, Combining the XRD,BET,DTA measurement, effects of intrinsic textural and structural properties,Research of the surface active agent and thixotropic agent as well as its effects on coat properties. Decontamination effect of four-way-catalyst for tail gas filter of diesel vehicle was tested using FGA-4100(5G) tail gas analytic instrument, Analysis results show that CO and HC emissions are reduced outnumber 90%, NO xemissions are reduced about 60%, a solid content about 90 % are filtered.
  • MA Ligang;MA Shuyi;CHEN Haixia
    . 2011, 42(08): 1516-1519.
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    The Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films with different Al contents were deposited on ZnO buffer layer by reactive RF magnetron sputtering technology. The microstructure, surface morphology, luminescence properties of the AZO thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, respectively. The results revealed that the preferred orientation of ZnO films became with increasing Al doping concentration. And as Al doping concentration was 0.81at% the ratio of intensity of (002) to other peaks attained maximum, which indicated that appropriate Al-doping can improve the preferred orientation of ZnO films. The average transmittance was above 70%in the visible range. Two Blue peaks located at 444nm (2.80eV) and 483nm (2.57eV) and weak green peak located at about 521nm (2.38eV) were observed from the PL spectra of the four samples and the mechanism of luminescence was discussed.
  • HUANG Zhifen;CHEN Yungui;WU Chaoling
    . 2011, 42(08): 1520-1523.
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    Abstract: NH3BH3-NaH composites were prepared by high-energy ball milling process with NaH as hydrolysis inductor. The phase and morphology of the as-milled composites were characterized and their hydrolysis behaviors were investigated. It is found that there is a chemical reaction occurred between NH3BH3 and NaH in the process of ball milling, with a new phase NaBH4 generated. Besides, a large change takes place in the morphology of compounds in comparison with NH3BH3, in which the NaH and generated NaBH4 are tightly surrounded by NH3BH3. The results of hydrolysis experiments suggest that the addition of NaH can induce the hydrolysis of NH3BH3 effectively. When the ratio of NH3BH3 and NaH is 2.5:1, this composite releases 125ml hydrogen (10.2wt%H2) within 10min at 60℃ which is the highest in this work.
  • NIU Xinshu;CUI Tianlu;LU Xin
    . 2011, 42(08): 1524-1526.
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    Abstract: The WO3 material with interwoven meshwork conformation was successfully prepared using eggshell membrane as template by an aqueous soakage technique followed by calcination treatment. The phase composition and microstructure of the prepared nano-material were characterized by XRD and SEM. The sensitivity to H2S sensing properties was measured, the effects of calcination temperature, sensor operating temperature and concentrations of H2S gas on the sensitivity were investigated.The results show that the sensitivity of material calcinated at 700℃ to 30ppmH2S reaches 687 with a short response time and there has a good linear between sensitivity and concentration.
  • PENG Yongbo;R.Ghanem;LI Jie
    . 2011, 42(08): 1527-1532.
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    Performance of magnetorheological fluid suspensions including bidisperse and monodisperse suspensions under external magnetic fields with different magnitudes and steady shear fields is investigated using a molecular dynamical simulation technique. Numerical simulations are performed employing the large-scale atomic/molecular massive parallel simulator (LAMMPS). We investigate four kinds of typical characteristics of microstructural evolution of magnetorheological fluid, i.e. phase transition of structures, statistics of chain size, structural anisotropy of aggregates and fluctuation of suspensions. It is noted that the higher the magnitude of external magnetic fields, the shorter the time of phase transition comes through, and more obvious the cluster phase appears. Magnetic dipolar particles, moreover, have some structured behavior that they tend to cluster into sheets along particular directions, even under conditions of uniform initial configuration and steady external magnetic field. The investigation of statistics of chain size indicates that bidisperse suspensions have a higher tendency to form straight chains than monodisperse suspensions under lower magnetic field, while the reverse is true under medium and high magnetic fields. Besides, we observe that the suspensions with presence of shear flow submit to the flow field, and connect to form long sheets along flow direction towards restraining the transportation of the shear flow.
  • HU Fan;CHEN Yungui;WU Chaoling
    . 2011, 42(08): 1533-1535.
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    Heat treatment process is common means to change the microstructure and properties of metal, the paper investigated the annealing and quenching and tempering after quenching on the cycling performance of hydrogen storage alloys V-60% (TiCrFeMn) prepared by use of FeV80 master alloy instead of pure vanadium. Compared with annealing, the initial amount of hydrogen absorption and desorption plateau pressure both have a decrease for the quenched alloy, but the capacity retention of alloy has improved.Although the composition uniformity of the quenched alloy is improved,the highly thermodynamic stable TiH2 phase appeared in the quenched alloy results in the decrease of its hydrogen desorption amount.The hydrogen storage performance of the quenched alloy can be improved to a certain extent after tempering.
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  • SUN Xuetong;JIANG Hongjie;YANG Menglei
    . 2011, 42(08): 1539-1542.
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    Two surface oxidation methods, i.e., low temperature chemical oxidation in H2O2+HCl solution and thermal oxidation at 500℃ were used to treat porous NiTi alloy for surface modification. The morphology, Ni/Ti atomic ratio and growth kinetics of the oxide films formed on porous NiTi alloy through two oxidation techniques were compared and analyzed. The characteristics of the oxidations on the surface and inside the pores of porous NiTi alloy were discussed. The results show that the two oxidation techniques bring about the formation of the oxide films depleted in Ni. The Ni content on the pore wall is lower than that on the surface of porous NiTi alloy, which indicates that the conditions inside the pores inhibit the oxidation of Ni due to the low oxygen affinity. The growth rate of the oxide film inside the pore is lower than that of the oxide film on the outmost surface of porous NiTi alloy.