30 November 2013, Volume 44 Issue 22

    

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研究 开发
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  Structural and optical properties of K–N co-doped ZnO films prepared by sol-gel method

  Zhen-Xing ZHANG

  . 2013, 44(22): 1-0.

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  The K-N co-doped ZnO films were prepared on Si(100) substrates by sol-gel method. The structure and the optical properties of the ZnO films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence, and ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometer. The results show that the films exhibit a hexagonal structure. As the concentration of potassium increases, the crystallinity of the films is improved and the grain size increases, showing a preferential growth along c axis. Meanwhile, the increased concentration of K-N doping results in increased oxygen vacancies, enhanced green photoluminescence, and the optical band-gap that increases first and then decreases.
工艺 技术
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  Preparation and Characterization of Antitumor Drug 5-Fluoruracil- Succinyl-Chitosan Coupling Drug-loading Body

  . 2013, 44(22): 2-0.

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  Chitosan coupling drug-loading body (SUCS-5FuOH) was prepared with amber acylation chitosan (SUCS) as drug carriers, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) as drug model and carbodiimide (DCC) as a catalyst. The obtained sample was characterized by Infrared spectroscopy (IR), UV spectrum (UV), 1H-NMR and thermal gravimetric analysis (TG). The study of drug loading efficiency and in vitro releasing performance indicated that SUCS-5FuOH had a good releasing properties and the drug loading of which was 12.7%.
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  Nitrogen-Rich Energtic Zinc Salt On BTATZ:Syntheses and Thermodynamic

  ;Ying-Hui REN ;;;;

  . 2013, 44(22): 3-0.

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  A one-pot approach was used to synthesize the title compound Zn2(C4H2N14)(CH3COO)2is in which 3,6-bis(1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazd-5-ylamino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (BTATZ) and Zinc acetate was mixed in dimethyl formamide (DMF) at 60℃.Its structure was fully characterized by elemental analysis，1HNMR spectroscopy and vibrational spectroscopy (IR). The thermal behavior and thermal decomposition reaction kinetics were also investigated by DSC and TG/DTG methods. The the self-accelerating decomposition temperature (TSADT), critical temperatures of thermal explosion (Tb), thermal ignition temperature (TTIT) and the critical temperature of thermal explosion (tTIAD) were calculated as important information to estimate the thermal stability which indicate the title compound was a kind of potential energetic materials.
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  Studies on degradation characteristic of environmental degradation mulching film in water environment

  ;

  . 2013, 44(22): 5-0.

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  This paper studied on degradation characteristic of environmental degradation mulching film in water environment. Tensile test shows that elongation at break retention of the three group of environmental degradation mulching film increased initially and then decreased eventually. It decreased to 10% in 70 days, 50 days and 40 days for the sample immersed in water, floated on water and covered on ground, respectively. DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) results showed the melting peak of environmental degradation mulching film had no change before and after exposed, but melting enthalpy increased from 118.2 J/g to 125.9J/g, 130.8 J/g and 133.4 J/g; crystallinity increased from 40.33% to 43.59%, 44.63% and 45.51% for the sample immersed in water, floated on water and covered on ground, respectively. Cracks , holes and the fractions peeling off from polymer matrix were observed in SEM graphs.
研究 开发
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  Preparation of Activated Carbon supported Hydroxyapatite and The Removal Performance of Fluorine Ion

  GAN cheng guo;FENG Li

  . 2013, 44(22): 6-0.

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  The preparation and properties study on antiwear and antifriction composite coating Ni-W-P-SiC-WS2

  . 2013, 44(22): 7-0.

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  The functional coating owning high microhardness, wear resistance and low friction coefficient on metal surface can reduce friction power consumption and prolong the service life of mechanical equipment. Ni-W-P-SiC-WS2 composite coatings were deposited on the stainless steel substrate by electroless plating in this paper. Meanwhile, the surface morphology, microstructure, composition, microhardness, tribological properties and corrosion resistance were tested and analyzed. Results show that the surface of Ni-W-P-SiC-WS2 coatings are smooth and composite particles distribute uniformly. The phosphorus content of the coating ranges from 5% to 8% and belongs to medium phosphoric coating . By comparison with Ni-P-SiC-WS2, the microhardness, corrosion and wear resistance of ternary alloy coating Ni-WP-SiC-WS2 are greatly improved because of the co-deposited tungsten. Moreover, the lubricating properties of the coating are more outstanding.
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  Fabrication and Properties of Plasma Polyethylene Oxide

  Jin Wang

  . 2013, 44(22): 9-0.

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  Abstract: The polyethylene oxide like (PEO-like) film prepared by plasma polymerization has high hydrophilicity and anti-bioadhesion, which can be used to modify the biomaterial surface to improve the inhibition of protein adhesion, platelet adhesion and anti-bacterial adhesion. The PEO-like films on stainless steel (SS) substrates were prepared by radio frequency plasma polymerization technique with tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (EGDME) as the precursor．The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the PEO-like film could keep part of ethylene oxide unit, and especially the EO content of PP-PEO-1 film fabricated under 5W power was 35.86%. Compared to the SS, there was more hydrophilic for the PEO-like films. The PEO-like films exhibited the swollen stripes, but the spalling and rupture could not be found. The PEO-like film prepared under 5W and 10W had certain properties to prohibit the adhesion of platelet. But the evaluation of in vitro smooth muscle cell (SMC) cultured for 3 days indicated that three kinds of PEO-like films had not shown the significant prohibition of SMC.
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  Preparation of SO42- Modifying Co-TiO2 and Its Photocatalytic Activity of Hydrogen Production for Splitting Water

  ;;;

  . 2013, 44(22): 10-0.

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  Preparation and Characterization of High-Iodine Activated Carbon from Waste Almond Shell

  Cheng-Yu MA;

  . 2013, 44(22): 12-0.

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  In this study, activated carbon was prepared from waste almond shell, using two –step phosphoric acid activation. Setting iodine number as response value, the optimum preparation condition was obtained by orthogonal experiment with charring temperature of 250℃, charring time of 0.5h, phosphoric acid concentration of 60 vol.%, activation temperature of 900 ℃ and activation time of 1h.The sample’s iodine number reaches as high as 1354 mg/L. Nitrogen isotherm adsorption-desorption experiment indicates that the high-iodine activated carbon prepared is microporous. The total volume of micropore is 0.4201 cm3/g and the Langmuir specific surface area is up to 1339 m2/g.SEM and XRD are employed to analysis the surface morphology and crystal structures of activated carbon.
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  Removal of Methylamine from NMP Solution with Three Acidic Ion Exchange Fibers

  Siguo yuan

  . 2013, 44(22): 13-0.

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  The paper systematically studied the adsorption properties of three acidic ion exchange fibers（IEF）for methylamine in NMP solution and the effect of temperature, methylamine content and water contenton the adsorption capacitywere investigated. The results showed thatPP-ST-DVB fiber was the suitable adsorbent to treat industrial NMP，and the adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous. Furthermore, the adsorption could be best described by the pseudo second order kinetic model. The dynamic adsorption capacity of PP-ST-DVB IEF for methylamine could reach 110mg/g.30adsorption and regeneration experiments were conducted, and the results showed that the adsorptioncapacity was almost invariant during these tests.Results of pilot scale test indicated that the industrial NMP solventcould be treated effectively by PP-ST-DVB fiber. Methylamine content and water contentof the treatment solution could satisfythe requirements of electronic grade NMP.
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  The effect of preheating temperature on microstructure and absorption property of Fe doped β-SiC powders by combustion synthesis

  ;Xiao-Lei SUJie Xu ;Xin-Hai HE;

  . 2013, 44(22): 14-0.

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  Fe-doped β-SiC powders have been synthesized by overall preheating combustion synthesis under different preheating temperature, using silicon powders and carbon black as the raw materials, iron powder as dopant and PTFE as the chemical activator, respectively. The microstructure of prepared powders has been characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS. The electric permittivity of prepared powder has been determined and the microwave absorption property has been calculated in the frequency range from 8.2GHz to 12.4GHz. Results show that the lattice constants and dielectric property of the prepared β-SiC decrease with increasing preheating temperature. The SiC powder synthesized under preheating temperature of 1300℃ with 2mm matching thickness presents the best microwave absorption property in the X-band.
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  Measurement of internal stress in glass-coated amorphous microwires by means of small-angle magnetization rotation

  Kai-Huang LIU ;;

  . 2013, 44(22): 15-0.

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  The small-angle magnetization rotation technique has been shown to be applicable for measuring the internal stress in glass-coated amorphous microwires that was difficult to determine experimentally. The internal stress is obtained by measuring magnetoelastic anisotropy field while considering its distribution. The method was used to measure the internal stresses of Fe45Co20Ni10Si9B16 glass-coated amorphous microwires annealed at different temperature with metallic core diameter of 46.5 μm and glass cover thickness of 8.7 μm. The results show that the internal stresses of as-prepared microwires with glass cover decrease from 385 MPa to 120 MPa after being annealed at 460℃, then to 27 MPa after glass removal. The maximum experimental error of the measurement is estimated to be about ±7%. The obtained method is important for scientific researches and technological applications of glass-coated amorphous microwires.
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  Effects of the electrochemical polarization on the characteristics of noble electrodes in YSZ oxygen sensor

  . 2013, 44(22): 17-0.

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  The effects of polarization on the common noble metal electrodes of YSZ oxygen sensor were studied through two electrochemical polarization modes, and the anodic and cathodic polarization model were proposed. The study indicates that with a controlled temperature of 500℃ and ambient air condition, the Ag and Pd showed excellent electrochemical activity since the efficient transference of oxygen atoms by direct bulk diffusion and producing metal oxides; by the introduction of oxygen anion conductor YSZ, the effective reactive interfaces were greatly enlarged, so the activity of electrode was increased; the Ag-2%Pt electrode showed lower activity than the Ag electrode, but it present better anodic performance compared with the Pt electrode; while the Au electrode was polarized, the oxygen atoms were transferred only by adsorption, desorption and diffusion, that result in the low transferring efficiency, and especially the cathodic activity was very low.
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  Microstructures prepared with a femtosecond laser on medical 316L stainless steel surface and the blood compatibility study

  WU BO;Zhou Ming ;;

  . 2013, 44(22): 18-0.

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  Microstructures with a good blood compatibility on the surface of stainless steel were prepared by using a femtosecond laser. The mechanism of the blood compatibility improvement was analyzed from the wettability of the microstructure perspective. With laser fluence increasing, we fabricated single typical laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on the submicron scale and double-scale structure: periodic ripples and periodic cone-shaped spikes on the micron scale, both covered with LIPSS. After silanized, the apparent contact angles of these microstructures become larger than 150°, which meets the superhydrophobic performance requirements. With the laser fluence increasing, the apparent contact angles increase, and especially the contact angle of the cone-shaped double-scale structure reaches as high as 163.8 °. The blood compatibility of the microstructures was evaluated with 3 conventional evaluation methods. The results show that the blood compatibility of the microstructures was significantly better than that of the polished surface, and that with the contact angles of the surface increasing, the blood compatibility can be further improved.
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  The Study of Ultrafast Dynamics of Cobalt Films on Different Substrates

  Xiaofang Xu ;;;Zhou Ming ;;

  . 2013, 44(22): 19-0.

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  Cobalt films were deposited on silicon substrates, K9 glass substrates and Tou glass substrates, separately, by magnetron sputtering technique. The ultrafast dynamics of Co films were studied by using femtosecond laser pump-probe technology. The results show that, when the pumped power of femtosecond laser pulse was 80 mW, and both the substrates and the thickness of cobalt films were not the same, the heating time of electrons in films was equal, was 0.1344 ps; However the thermalized time of electrons in films was diverse, it was relative to the thickness and the substrates of Co films. Besides, when the substrates of Co films were changed, during the nonequilibrium lasting time of electrons, the transient reflectance curves were different.
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  Synthesis of OCPs Composite Spheres Using Core-shell PS templates with microchannels in shell

  Hong-Yu LI ;;

  . 2013, 44(22): 20-0.

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  In this paper, organic conductive polymers(OCPs)-coated polystyrene (PS) composite particles were synthesized using an uniquely core-shell structured PS latexes template with microchannels in shell under capillary force. The overlayers of the core-shell composite spheres have diverse surface morphology.
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  Preparation of high Nb-TiAl alloy by gelcasting method

  . 2013, 44(22): 22-0.

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  High Nb-TiAl alloys were prepared by gelcasting method and sintering in argon atmosphere from Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-0.2B-0.2W-0.1Y spherical prealloyed powder and mixed element powders Ti+45%Al+10%Nb (at.%). The results show that the slurry of spherical prealloyed powder has better rheological properties，and the solid loading of former slurry is up to 70 vol.%. The dried bodies using the non-aqueous system gelcasting were sintered at 1480 °C for 2 hours in argon atmosphere. The relative density of sample with solid loading at 70 vol.% from prealloyed powder reaches to 99.1 %, much higher than relative density 85.5% of the mixed element powder (solid loading at 50 vol.%). The microstructure of the sintered high Nb containing TiAl was analyzed by using electronic microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show the sample from prealloyed power consists mainly of γ-TiAl and β-Ti2Al; the element power is mainly composed of γ-TiAl and a small amount of α and β with fine lamellar microstructure. After the prealloyed powders were gelcasting and sintered at 1480 °C for 2 hours, high Nb-TiAl alloys with high density and fine microstructure could be obtained and with the compressive strength of 1715 MPa and the relative compressive ratio of 1.85 %.
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  Study on the relationship between the preferred orientation of CrCuN films and valence electron structure

  TAN Shu-Yong ;

  . 2013, 44(22): 23-0.

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  The valence electron structure and electron density of CrN and Cu phases existed in CrCuN films are calculated based on the Empirical Electron Theory in Solid and Molecules (EET). The relation between the electron structure and film growth orientation is analyzed. CrN(100)/Cu(111) could be in the films due to its lower electron density. When the copper content is high enough, copper grows as (111) preferred orientation and thus CrN nucleates as (100)CrN/(111)Cu. Therefore, the increase of Cu content contributes to the increased CrN [200] orientation, which verifies the experimental results and makes a preliminary exploration for the study and design of Cr-N nanocomposite films.
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  Study on the magnetic properties and coercivitymechanism in the (Nd0.7Pr0.3)60-xFe30Al10Dyx (x=0, 1, 2)bulk amorphous alloys

  ;Hui XU

  . 2013, 44(22): 24-0.

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  Bulk amorphous (Nd0.7Pr0.3)60-xFe30Al10Dyx (x=0, 1, 2) alloys of 2 mm in diameter were prepared by argon arc melting and suction casting the molten alloy into a copper mould. The magnetic properties of the alloys, including major hysterisis loops, the field dependence of the irreversible susceptibility, exchange coupling curves (?M-H plot) and the temperature dependence of the coercivity, were investigated by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The results indicated that each alloy sample exhibited hard magneitc behavior. With increasing Dy content, the residual magnetisation and saturation magnetisation changed slightly while the coercivity was enhanced apparently. The exchange coupling interactions in these alloys were confirmed by the ?M-H plots. The temperature dependence of the coercivity was well explained by Gaunt’s strong pinning model of domain walls. The hard magnetic behavior of bulk amorphous (Nd0.7Pr0.3)60-xFe30Al10Dyx (x=0, 1, 2) alloys may be attrituted to the effect of exchange coupling interaction among clusters and the strong domain wall pinning mechanism.
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  Effects of Bi-N co-doping on the electronic structures and optical properties of anatase TiO2

  . 2013, 44(22): 25-0.

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  Using the first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave method based on density functional theory，The lattice parameters，electronic structures，charge populations，absorption spectra，and the band edge position of anatase TiO2 before and after Bi-N co-doping were calculated. The results indicate that the lattice distortion gives rise to the octahedral dipole moments when the crystal is doped. The dipole moment of Bi-N co-doping is more slightly than that of Bi/N single doping， which is very effective for the separation of photo-excited electron-hole pairs and the improvement of the photo-catalytic activity of TiO2. With the valence band and the conduction band toward the lower energy direction in Bi-N co-doping model，the valence band broadens. It is beneficial to the mobility of photo-generated carriers； On the other hand，the band edge position of co-doping anatase TiO2 changes significantly and manifests more excellent redox capacity than that Bi/N single doping. Moreover the shallow impurity energy levels of acceptor level and donor level have formed between the valence band maximum and the conduct band minimum. These doped levels are more favorable to the separation of photoelectron-hole pairs，and reduce the rate of recombination. In the same time，these impurity energy levels can act as the “transitional bridge” for the electrons from the valence band to the conduction band，thereby these levels decrease the exciting photons' energy and improve the responsive range of the visible light. Therefore，the co-doping of anatase TiO2 with Bi and N can effectively improve the photo-catalytic performance of TiO2 and enhance the utilization of the solar light.
综述 进展
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  Progress in Research on the Interpore Distance of Anodic Aluminum Oxide

  ;Liang-Fang LI

  . 2013, 44(22): 26-0.

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  The relationship between the interpore of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template and the influencing factors of electrolyte, temperature and oxidation voltage etc. was researched and summarized in this paper. It was pointed out that the interpore was influenced mostly by electrolyte type and oxidation voltage, and least by the electrolyte concentration and oxidation temperature. The interpore of AAO template increases with the oxidation voltage increases. By adjusting the electrolyte and oxidation voltage, a desired interpore of template can be acquired. To acquire a large interpore template can use electrolyte of phosphoric acid under a comparatively higher oxidation voltage. To acquire template with interpore less than 10nm can use sulfate electrolyte under a comparatively lower oxidation voltage，but the oxidation reaction can’t work with small voltage, with the help of higher pulse voltage the problem will be solved. Alternatively, oxidizing with a mixed electrolyte of H2SO4 and Al2 (SO4)3 and small voltage or higher pulse voltage.
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  DSPM-type mass transfer model and its development for charged nanofiltration membranes

  Zhao WANG;; ;

  . 2013, 44(22): 27-0.

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  Nanofiltration is a very useful separation process having many industrial applications. The prediction of separation performances requires the understanding of the various physical phenomena governing the mass transfer through the membrane. It remains as a challenge in the field of nanofiltration to develop a practical model for the retention of ions that describes the fundamental physical phenomena of nanofiltration process. This paper summarizes the DSPM-type mass transfer model which is based on the extended Nernst-Planck equation, which was constructed for the prediction of the separation efficiency with a minimum of characterization experiments. As the supplement of DSPM, CP-DSPM which involved a concentration polarization layer, DSPM&DE which concerned dielectric exclusion, and PPTM which considered the above two factors are reviewed. In addition, the numerically simulated results of ion rejections under conditions of different water fluxes by means of the above-mentioned four models are compared. Lastly, the development tendency of the nanofiltration science and DSPM model is presented.
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  The Progress of Phase Change Materials Applied in Battery Thermal Management

  Yan-Hong WANG ;;;;

  . 2013, 44(22): 28-0.

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  As is well known, the electric vehicle is a very important alternative transportation and gains more and more attentions due to the shortage of conventional fossil energy. Recently, some self-ignition accidents of the electric vehicles happened in last two years make the people recognize the importance of the safety of the battery. Therefore, the safety of the battery is the key for practical application of the electric vehicles, and therein the thermal management of battery is very important. In last decade, the thermal management system employing a novel phase change materials (PCM) has been designed and researched for lithium-ion battery. Compared to conventional thermal management systems, e.g. air/liquid-cooling, the PCM-based system has more advantages: compact, high efficient, energy conservation, little temperature variation, preventing thermal runaway etc. But the shortcomings of low heat conduction coefficient and difficultly compositing with other materials restrict the application of the PCM. Extensive efforts have been undertaken to improve the PCM performance. In this review, we introduce the recent development of the PCM-based thermal management system, and especially present the new researches in improving the thermal conductivity of the PCM by using the wax/graphite matrix. In the last, we give the conclusion and outlook, and think that the composite PCM microcapsule with high heat conduction and complex structure is the future trend.
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  Research Progress on Near-infrared Absorbing Croconaine Dyes for 1064nm Laser Protection

  . 2013, 44(22): 29-0.

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工艺 技术
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  Application of Sol on Material Surface Protection

  ;GOU Yin Ning

  . 2013, 44(22): 31-0.

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  The sol-gel technology developed in the nineteenth century is a new technical, and it occupied an important position with its unique advantages in the chemical industry, biological medicine, surface protection, material preparation and so on. In this paper, the single component and composite component sol in material surface protection are introduced, especially on the preparation of the sol, film formation and its role characteristics. Finally the development of the sol-gel film are previewed.