ZHAO Xue-xia;SONG Jing-jing;YANG Yong-zhen;LIU Xu-guang
. 2013, 44(09): 1332-1337.
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Carbon microspheres (CMSs) were considered as a promising acceptor materials in photovoltaic cells. In order to improve the dispersion of CMSs in organic solvents, their compatibility with donor materials and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level, we systematically investigated functional modification of CMSs by dodecylamine. The CMSs were oxidized by a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid (ratio of 1:3 by volume) in order to improve their surface activity. Then, the oxidized CMSs reacted with dodecylamine to prepare aminated CMSs with N,N'-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC) as condensation agent. The influences of DCC dosage, reaction time and temperature were explored. The morphology and structure of the products were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry and Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry. The results show that the preferable DCC dosage, amination time and temperature were 0.4 g, 24h, 70℃ for 0.2 g of oxidized CMSs, respectively. The surface-aminated CMSs had good dispersion in chloroform,which favors their processability and compatibility with matrix donor material. The results of cyclic voltammetry indicate that the energy levels of aminated CMSs were matchable with the most commonly used electron-donor. The composites from the aminated CMSs would lay the foundation for preparation of polymer solar cells.