30 April 2022, Volume 53 Issue 4
    

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    Focuses & Concerns(The Project of Chongqing Press Fundin 2021)
  • YANG Ye, DING Hongtao, XIA Qianjun, XU Yang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4001-4005. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.001
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    In order to realize the coordination between material and structure and enhance the electromagnetic shielding performance of fabric, taking silver plated fabric as base cloth, introducing magnetic loss material Fe3O4, and using porous structure, silver plated conductive cloth based Fe3O4/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) foaming coating material is prepared by foaming coating method. The effects of Fe3O4 addition on the apparent structure of the coating and the electromagnetic shielding properties of the composites under the synergistic action of electromagnetic materials and cell structure are investigated. The experimental results show that when the amount of Fe3O4 is less than 20%, Fe3O4 has relatively good dispersion in the waterborne polyurethane matrix, the pore size distribution is uniform, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the composite is up to 85 dB in the range of 8.2~12.4 GHz, which is 18% higher than that of the original base cloth.
  • WANG Cong, SHEN Siping, GUANG Shanyi, XU Hongyao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4006-4010. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.002
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    Using Rhodamine B hydrazide as the fluorophore, a fluorescent probe with disulfide bond, RNSS, is designed and synthesized, which can specifically recognize in acetonitrile and aqueous solution (v/v=1∶1) glutathione (GSH). The structure characterization and performance of the probe are analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The experimental results show that when GSH is added to the probe solution, under the excitation of 561 nm light, it has obvious pink fluorescence at 585 nm, and other amino acids have no fluorescence response, indicating that it has good specific selectivity and anti-interference ability. At the same time, the detection limit of the probe for GSH is 6.063×10-6 mol/L, which indicates that it has high sensitivity. The fluorescence spectrum titration curve and Job-plot analysis show that the two are replaced by disulfide bond reaction 1∶1 method to form complexes.
  • ZHU Jie, SUN Yueyin, GU Mingyang, XU Lirui, HUANG Qiong, YANG Bo, ZHAO Yunxia, CHEN Mindong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4011-4019. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.003
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    Formaldehyde (HCHO) is one of the main pollutants in indoor air, which seriously affects the quality of indoor air and endangers human health. Catalytic oxidation at room temperature is an effective method to remove HCHO, which can completely convert HCHO into CO2 and H2O at room temperature. However, noble metal catalysts are the main catalysts at present, which are expensive and not conducive to large-scale production and application. In this paper, TiO2 carrier is prepared by sol-gel method, and MnFeOx is supported by impregnation, evaporation, drying and roasting with manganese nitrate and ferric nitrate as active precursors. Meanwhile, the effects of metal oxide loading, molar ratio, roasting temperature and other factors on the catalytic oxidation performance of catalysts at room temperature are investigated. BET, SEM, XRD, H2-TPR, O2-TPD, in-situ DRIFTS and other techniques are used to characterize and analyze the catalysts. The experimental results show that when MnFeOx loading is 10 wt%, n(Mn)∶n(Fe)=4∶1 and calcination temperature is 350 ℃, the catalyst exhibits the best catalytic oxidation activity at room temperature, and the removal rate of formaldehyde reaches 87.6% within 48 h.
  • HAN Qiuyang, YU Zhaohan, HE Shuai, YANG Weizhong, XIE Kenan, XIE Lu, DENG Yi
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4020-4027. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.004
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    Pathogenic bacteria-induced infections threaten human safety and health throughout the whole world. To address this issue, we devise a novel NIR-triggered heterojunction materials (Bi2S3@CuFe2O4) consisting of Bi2S3 and CuFe2O4 via the electrostatic interaction for the purpose of bactericidal therapy. The photothermal effect of materials is detected by using a thermal infrared camera under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation. The photodynamic effect of materials is assessed by 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). The results show that Bi2S3@CuFe2O4 can yield heat, 1O2 and ·O-2 effectively upon NIR illumination. Then, we employed Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), representatives of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively, to assess the bactericidal capacity of Bi2S3@ CuFe2O4. The results show that Bi2S3@CuFe2O4 possess excellent antibacterial ability towards S. aureus and E. coli under NIR irradiation. Consequently, this research provides a novel method for the purpose of elimination of bacteria, and lays an experimental foundation for expanding the application of new heterojunction functional materials.
  • Review & Advance
  • LI Honglin, SHEN Shusu, WU Yi, ZHANG Ganwei, BAI Renbi
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4028-4038. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.005
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    Metal-organic framework (MOFs) is a new membrane modified material with porous nano-structure, which is widely used in wastewater treatment, such as the membrane technology for water treatment, because of its complex geometry, adjustable window size, high porosity and excellent hydrothermal stability. In this paper, several commonly used MOFs nanoparticles are introduced, and the unique structural characteristics of MOFs are briefly described. The latest application progress of MOFs modified membranes in different wastewater treatment fields is reviewed. By introducing the preparation methods, separation effects and possible separation mechanisms of different MOFs nano-particle modified membranes, their important roles in desalination, heavy metal removal, dye removal and oil/water separation are analyzed. The key problems that need to be solved in the field of wastewater treatment by MOFs modified membrane are put forward, in addition, the future research of MOFs modified membranes is also prospected.
  • ZHAO Xiaojuan, YU Man
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4039-4047. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.006
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    Electrospinning is one of the most effective methods to prepare one-dimensional materials, which is simple and low cost. Nanofibers with various components, structures and properties can be prepared by electrospinning. However, the mechanical properties of electrospun nanofibers are generally weak due to poor orientation of internal components, weak interface interaction and weak contact between fibers, which limits its application in many fields. In recent years, researchers have developed many effective methods to improve the mechanical properties of single fibers and mats, such as nano filling, cross-points welding. In this review, the methods of enhancing the mechanical properties of electrospun fibers are firstly introduced, as well as the strengthening and toughening mechanism and improvement effect. We concentrate on the most relevant examples to highlight the typical applications of electrospun nanofibers, including separation, filtration, electrochemical energy storage and biomedicine. Finally, the factors affecting the mechanical properties of micro/nano- fibrous membrane and the methods to further improve the mechanical properties are analyzed and prospected.
  • WANG Siyue, WANG Xuezhi, KONG Xiangqing, HE Jingjing, XIN Ming
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4048-4057. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.007
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    Graphene (G)/graphene oxide (GO) has shown promising applications in improving the mechanics and functionality of cement materials with its excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal conductivity properties. However, these nanomaterials are difficult to disperse in cement-based materials, which limits their practical application in cement-based composites. In recent years, researchers have begun to mix fibers with these nanomaterials into cement-based materials, and its dispersion performance has been greatly improved. In this paper, the influence of graphene, GO and other fiber mixture on cement-based composite materials is systematically described from five aspects of material dispersion in cement, cement hydration process, mechanical properties, functionality and durability, which has a guiding role in improving the performance of cement-based composite materials in the future.
  • LI Xiaodan, HE Rui, LIU Hongyu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4058-4066. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.008
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    Low dielectric polymer materials are widely used in the electronic device industry due to their low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and good heat resistance and mechanical properties. With the rapid development of 5G communication technology, the traditional preparation methods of low dielectric polymer materials have been eliminated. In this paper, the researches of low dielectric materials at home and abroad in recent years are reviewed. From the basic theory, several main methods to reduce the dielectric constant are listed: the introduction of low polarization groups, the introduction of large molecules or groups, the introduction of porous structures and other methods. And the field of low dielectric materials is also prospected and summarized.
  • CHEN Yinan, ZHONG Shuiping, XIAO Ni, TANG Ding
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4067-4074. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.009
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    With the continuous development of flexible optoelectronic technology, the traditional brittle transparent conductive film material indium tin oxide(ITO) can not meet application requirements. Silver nanowires (AgNWs) transparent conductive film have excellent electrical conductivity, light transmittance and mechanical properties, so it will be widely used in flexible optoelectronic devices. Firstly, this paper summarize the filming process of AgNWs transparent conductive films, including Meyer rod coating, spraying coating, roll-to-roll coating, vacuum filtration and printing technology, etc. Then, the optimization process of AgNWs transparent conductive film properties is discussed from photoelectric performance, stability, mechanical performance and adhesion to the substrate; Finally, the future development direction of the preparation and performance optimization of AgNWs transparent conductive films is prospected.
  • LIANG Ying, QU Junhao, ZHANG Miao, ZHOU Peng, LI Wangnan, LIANG Guijie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4075-4087. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.010
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    Recently, nickel oxide (NiOx) has been using as a promissing hole transport layer (HTL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), due to its low cost, high hole mobility, good chemical stability and low- temperature processability. And the trans perovskite solar cells prepared by NiOx HTL are showing great market application prospects. The preparation and optimization of NiOx HTL are critical to the performance of the photovoltaic devices. Therefore, in this paper, the preparation process and research progress of NiOx thin films in PSCs are systematically introduced. Then the effects of post-treatment methods such as O2-plasma, ultraviolet, and surface passivation on the defect state, surface chemical state and material work function of NiOx thin films are emphatically analyzed. The progress of doping (like transition metal, alkali metal, rare earth element doping and element co-doping) on the optical and electrical properties of NiOx thin films and the optoelectronic properties of devices are summarized in detail. Furthermore, the future development directions of NiOx-based PSCs are prospected.
  • LI Lulu, HAN Lixin, WANG Shuangfang, YAN Cheng, JIANG Ganbing, SUN Jie, YU Kejing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4088-4096. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.011
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    Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber has become one of the ideal reinforcement materials due to its high chemical stability, high mechanical properties and low cost. However, the regular non-polar molecular chain structure results in the UHMWPE fiber with high crystallinity and almost no chemical bond with the resin matrix, so the adhesion to the resin is poor. For this reason, many fiber surface treatments have been carried out, such as ultraviolet radiation, plasma treatment, polymer coating and so on. This article mainly starts from two aspects of wet chemical modification and dry chemical modification, summarizes the current research status of interface modification of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and reveals the interface enhancement mechanism and interface performance from both physical and chemical aspects. The relationship with the mechanical properties of composite materials provides scientific theoretical basis and technical guidance for the design and modification of the interface structure of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers.
  • DOU Jindong, CHEN Longbin, RAO Weifeng, ZHANG Hui , YANG Yaodong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4097-4104. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.012
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    Photocatalytic reaction has important applications in the fields of degradation of harmful pollutants, conversion of greenhouse gases, production of hydrogen, elimination of harmful bacteria and so on. In recent years, ferroelectric materials with spontaneous polarization have been considered as a new candidate. Their spontaneous polarization can produce a built-in electric field and provide a driving force for the transmission of photogenerated carriers. This characteristic is expected to solve the thorny problem encountered in the field of photocatalysis, the recombination of electron hole pairs. Because of this characteristic, the research on the photocatalytic properties of ferroelectric materials mainly focuses on reducing the recombination of holes and electrons. But in fact, to improve the photocatalytic efficiency, we need to consider the whole catalytic process, including three key stages, photon absorption, separation and migration of photogenerated electron holes and terminal reaction. Focusing on the above three stages of photocatalytic process, this paper sorts out the typical achievements in recent years, and combs the effective means to improve the catalytic performance of ferroelectric materials in different stages of photocatalysis. It is hoped that our summary can provide a useful reference for the follow-up research work.
  • Research & Development
  • DU Xu, LI Songbo, AN Shengli, NI Yang, XUE Liangmei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4105-4110. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.013
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    Nb-doped Nd0.6Sr0.4Co1-xNbxO3-δ perovskite oxides are prepared by sol-gel method and used as cathode materials in SOFC field. The microstructure, phase structure and thermal expansion properties of the materials are examined by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and thermal dilatometer. The experimental results show that the original structure changes from orthorhombic phase to cubic phase and the coefficient of thermal expansion decreases with the increase of Nb doping. The conductivity, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and power density of a single cell are measured by electrochemical workstation. The test results show that the electrical conductivity of the original structure decreases with the increase of Nb content. When the amount of Nb doping reaches 0.06, Nd0.6Sr0.4Co0.94Nb0.06O3- δ has the lowest polarization resistance, which is 0.061 Ω cm2 at 800 ℃. Meanwhile, the power density test shows that the power is 167.9 mW/cm2 at 800 ℃. It has well electrochemical performance and can be used as a medium and low temperature SOFC cathode material.
  • HE Xiaoyan, LI Yuquan, QIN Lida, ZHANG Zhixin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4111-4116. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.014
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    In order to understand the law of durability degradation of cement-based composite (CBC) in complex freezing-thawing environment, single side freezing-thawing test is used to evaluate the durability of cement-based composite in water and sodium sulfate solution. The macroscopic properties (spalling capacity, relative dynamic modulus of elasticity) and micropore structure parameters (gas content, bubble spacing coefficient, specific surface area and average chord length of bubbles) are measured. The grey correlation theory is used to calculate the correlation degree between the pore structure parameters and the relative dynamic elastic modulus for evaluating its influence on the macroscopic performance and a prediction model of the relative dynamic elastic modulus based on the pore structure parameters is established.
  • WANG Shengbin, ZHOU Shaodong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4117-4120. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.015
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    Taking Cu-Al -Ni- Fe -Mn as the research object,the effects of different aging treatment temperatures on the properties of Cu-Al alloy were studied by changing the aging treatment temperature under the conditions of fixed solution treatment temperature of 900 ℃ and solution time of 1 h.The Rockwell hardness,micro morphology and mechanical properties of copper aluminum alloy were analyzed by Rockwell hardness tester,SEM and electronic universal testing machine.The results showed that with the increased of aging treatment temperature,the hardness,tensile strength and fracture elongation of Cu-Al alloy first increased and then decreased.When the aging treatment temperature was 550 ℃, the hardness of Cu-Al alloy reached the maximum 45.2 HRC,the tensile strength and fracture elongation reached the maximum 895.8 MPa and 2.38% respectively.The morphology analysis showed that with the increased of aging treatment temperature to 550 ℃, the hard phase and second phase particles of Cu-Al alloy increased,the effect of precipitation strengthening increased,the dimple of fracture morphology deepened,and the difficulty of dislocation slip increased,so that the mechanical properties of Cu-Al alloy havd been significantly improved.It can be seen that the optimum aging treatment temperature of Cu-Al alloy is 550 ℃.
  • LUO Junyao, LI Xueying, HOU Li, LU Zhongyuan, LI Jun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4121-4127. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.016
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    Geopolymer has superior properties such as lightweight, high strength, low thermal conductivity, fire resistance and corrosion resistance, which makes it an ideal candidate of inorganic binders in fireproof coating for steel structure. In this study, inorganic fireproof coating is obtained by using metakaolin-based geopolymer binder, and the influence of silica fume on the structures and properties of the coatings is researched. Results show that silica fume could further reduce the dry density and thermal conductivity of fireproof coating, however, mechanical properties and fire resistance are all improved. In addition, the addition of silica fume greatly improves the bonding strength of the fireproof coating, and avoids the surface cracking and peeling problems of metakaolin-based geopolymer thin fireproof coating. Fireproof coating prepared by metakaolin and silica fume with the mass ratio of 1∶1 has optimal comprehensive performance, including 619 kg/m3 of dry density, 0.1388 W/(m·K) of the thermal conductivity, 6.1 MPa of the compressive strength, 0.4 MPa of the bonding strength and below 251 ℃ of the maximum backfire temperature within 1 h flame. Pore size formed by the stacking of submicron silica fume particles is much smaller, and silica fume particles could also fill large pores in geopolymer matrix. On the other hand, silica fume could participate in the geopolymerization reaction to increase the Si/Al ratio of geopolymer gel and the content of gel phase, thus improving the performance of metakaolin-based geopolymer fireproof coating.
  • TANG Yandong, YANG Xiaoli, PAN Yufan, ZHANG Fangdong, HOU Qingxi, PEI Jicheng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4128-4134. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.017
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    Carboxylated chitosan(C-COS) is prepared by selective oxidation of chitosan(COS) using laccase/2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical(TEMPO) system to change its hydroxyl group on C6 to carboxyl group. Free radical-induced in vitro lipid oxidation experiments are performed using lecithin and linoleic acid as the experimental subject. After the addition of COS and C-COS, the inhibitory effect of COS and C-COS on lipid peroxidation is investigated by comparing the production and peroxide value of conjugated diene and malondialdehyde, and the structural changes of fatty acids are compared according to FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra. Results show that the maximum anti lipid oxidation inhibition rate of C-COS is 87%, which is higher than that of COS, and the maximum increase is 55%. The amino and carboxyl groups on C-COS act together to effectively capture free radicals from providing electrons and chelating metal ions, so as to avoid lipid peroxidation.
  • WAN Guangyi, SUN Weiliang, WU Chao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4135-4141. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.018
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    In this paper, Te NRs is synthesized by reducing sodium tellurite with Acinetobacter Pittii under dark aerobic conditions. The synthesized Te NRs are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The antibacterial and catalytic activities of Te NRs are also studied. The results show that the Te NRs synthesized by Acinetobacter Pittii is rod-like, with a maximum absorption peak at about 210 nm, and existed in crystal form. Te NRs treatment can produce obvious bacteriostatic zone, and the bacterial surface depression and rupture are observed under SEM. Te NRs can accelerate the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) by potassium peroxymonosulfate (PMS). In this study, Te NRs synthesized by Acinetobacter Pittii show significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, suggesting that Te NRs could lead to bacterial apoptosis by destroying bacterial cell membranes. In catalytic experiments, Te NRs promote PMS to produce sulfate radical (SO-4·) and hydroxyl radical (HO·), which attacks C=N and C=O bonds and benzene ring, leading to accelerated degradation of RhB.
  • CHANG Xiangxiang, LIU Songhui, ZHANG Cheng, FANG Jingrui, LIU Yaojun, ZHAO Songhai, GUAN Xuemao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4142-4149. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.019
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    To produce high-strength prefabricated building materials and reduce their CO2 emissions, a low calcium CO2 sequestration binder (LC-CSB) is prepared by calcining industrial raw materials limestone and sandstone at 1 275 ℃. The influence of cement-sand ratio (1∶0, 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶3) on the carbonation degree and the early carbonation hardening performance of LC-CSB mortar is investigated, and the XRD, TG-DTA, FT-IR, SEM, nano-indentation and mercury intrusion porosimeter are used to study the evolution of mineral composition, porosity and micromechanical properties at the interfacial transition zone between carbonated LC-CSB paste and siliceous river sand aggregate. The results show that with the decrease of cement-sand ratio, the carbonation degree of LC-CSB increases significantly. While the compressive strength of the mortar is the highest at the cement-sand ratio of 1∶1, the compressive strength reaches 46.9 MPa after 24 h of carbonation curing. The carbonation-hardening properties of the mortar decrease with the continued decrease of the cement-sand ratio, which might be related to the enrichment of calcium carbonate crystals in the interfacial transition zone.
  • GU Linran, LIU Wenjuan, XIONG Huan, WU Hanmei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4150-4154. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.020
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    A series ofnano CaCO3 concrete composites are prepared by adding different contents of nano CaCO3 (0, 2 wt%, 4 wt% and 6 wt%) into ordinary Portland cement. The lattice structure, micro morphology, pore distribution, mechanical properties and carbonation resistance of concrete composites are analyzed and characterized, and the mechanism of nano CaCO3 toughened concrete composites is discussed. The results show that an appropriate amount of nano CaCO3 doping makes the hydration products of concrete composites have better crystal form, higher crystallinity, denser and more uniform surface, effectively reducing the proportion of harmful holes and multi harmful holes, and improving the proportion of harmless holes and less harmful holes. When the doping content of nano CaCO3 is 4 wt%, the surface improvement effect of concrete composites is the best, the lowest carbonation depth is 5.91 mm, and the compressive strength and splitting strength reach the maximum, which are 37.92 and 2.37 MPa respectively. It can be seen that the optimum doping ratio of nano CaCO3 is 4 wt%.
  • LIU Jie, DONG Zijing, SONG Jiamin, ZHANG Zhaohuan, CHEN Min, SUN Runjun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4155-4161. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.021
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    With the rapid development of the information age, a variety of electronic products have been widely used in our daily and working life. The electromagnetic pollution has become an increasingly serious problem. Absorbing materials with “thin, light, wide, strong” have been widely concerned. In this paper, BaFe12O19, graphene and SiO2 are mixed by mechanical mixing method to prepare multi-absorbent composite powders. Using waterborne polyurethane as binder, polyamide fabric with multi-absorbent composite coating is prepared by tape casting. The structure, morphology, mechanical and wave absorption properties of the flexible composites are analyzed. The results show that when the absorber component is 0.4(BaFe12O19-Graphene)-0.6SiO2 and the thickness of the absorbing coatings is 1.2 mm, the sample shows the best microwave absorption performance with the minimum reflection loss of -14.58 dB, and the bandwidth with reflection loss below -10 dB of 0.94 GHz (12.91-13.58 GHz). It has the excellent performance of thin coating, high absorption intensity, wide absorption band and light weight.
  • LIU Shuai, XUE Jiale, HAN Wenjing, CHEN Guoxiang, LIU Yinggng, XU Ruojun, YU Lijun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4162-4165. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.022
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    Flexible thermoelectric devices can meet the demand of heat collection and conversion in various environments. However, the energy conversion efficiency of flexible thermoelectric devices is still low, which is mainly due to the strong correlation between the electrical and acoustic transport properties of materials. In this paper, Bi2Te3 flexible thermoelectric thin films are prepared by magnetron sputtering on the flexible polyimide substrate, and the surfaces of the thin films are modified by annealing. The results show that high temperature annealing can induce the porous structure on the surface of Bi2Te3 film, and the density and size of pores can be controlled by annealing parameters. The electrical/acoustic transport properties of the thin films could be synergistic optimized by porous surface. The thermal conductivity of the thin films decreases by about 50% compared with that before annealing, and the ZT value of Bi2Te3 flexible thin film is improved significantly.
  • QIAN Huijin, ZHAO Weifeng, LI Jiaojiao, ZHANG Gai, MA Aijie, ZHOU Hongwei, CHEN Weixing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4166-4172. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.023
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    Sphere-shaped supramolecular aggregates of melamine and cyanuric acid complex (MCA) are prepared by self-assembly of them via hydrogen bond interaction in DMSO solution. Then MCA are compounded with AgNO3 and calcined at high temperature to prepare Ag@g-C3N4 heterocoupling porous microsphere composites (Ag-MCA-CN). The samples are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet visible diffuse reflectance (UV-vis DRS) and fluorescence spectra(PL). The photocatalytic activity of Ag-MCA-CN composite photocatalyst is investigated under visible light irradiation by employing methyl orange (MO) as the target pollutant. The results show that compared with the pure g-C3N4 porous microspheres (MCA-CN) obtained by direct calcination of MCA, Ag-MCA-CN has further increased specific surface area, reduced band gap, stronger UV and visible light absorption properties, reduced recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes, and significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity. The surface area of Ag-MCA-CN can reach 74.8 m2/g, the degradation rate of MO can reach 98% within 25 min under visible light irradiation, and the degradation rate constant is about 2.9 times that of MCA-CN.
  • ZHU Qi, LI Qiushi, YAO Maolian, SUN Yu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4173-4181. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.024
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    In order to explore the microscopic modification mechanism of SMC normal temperature modified asphalt, analysize the influence of different dosage of SMC modifier on high and low temperature performance of matrix asphalt and optimize the best low temperature evaluation index of SMC normal temperature modified asphalt, in this paper, the synthesis route and IR spectra of SMC are studied to explore the modification mechanism. The high temperature stability of SMC modified asphalt with different dosage is evaluated by temperature scanning test. Then based on BBR test, the creep stiffness modulus(S), creep rate(mc), low temperature comprehensive compliance(JC), and a new low temperature evaluation index based on Burgers model of SMC modified asphalt with different additives are compared at different temperatures. The main curve and glass state transition temperature (Tg) are determined by frequency scanning test and time-temperature equivalence principle, in order to study influence of modifier content on low temperature flexibility. Finally, the effectiveness of different low temperature evaluation indexes (S, mc, JC and Tg) is verified combined with low temperature trabecular bending test of mixture. The results show that the modification mechanism of SMC is similar to that of surfactant, which can achieve the purpose of mixing at room temperature by changing the surface tension of asphalt molecules. The addition of SMC has a negative effect on the high temperature performance, and the negative effect is more obvious with the increase of the dosage. It is found that SMC modifier can improve the low temperature performance of asphalt, and the improvement effect becomes more significant with the increase of SMC modifier content, and the correlation between low temperature comprehensive compliance (JC) and bending failure strain (εB) of the mixture is the highest, which is the best low temperature evaluation index of SMC normal temperature modified asphalt.
  • MA Xiao, ZHOU Mingyue, JIA Ling
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4182-4186. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.025
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    It is important but challenging to develop single component organic white light emitter with high luminous efficiency which is easily synthesized. In this work, a simple pyridinium salt-based single component white light emitter with high luminous efficiency is synthesized from 4′-(Pyridin-4-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine. Based on the measurement of luminescence properties, it is found that this material exhibits nearly pure white light with high quantum yield of up to 22.4%. More interestingly, the single component white light emitter exhibits excitation-dependent color-tunable emission from white light to yellow light. Moreover, this study reveals that the counter anion has an important influence on the emission property of the corresponding organic ionic compound, on the other hand, modifying the counter ion is an effect strategy to enhance the emission property of the organic ionic compound. In view of those good performances, this sample pyridinium salt-based emitter may be applied to white devices or information anti-counterfeit.
  • LIU Yonghong, WEI Yuxi, WANG Ning, GUO Yirui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4187-4192. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.026
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    In this paper, polyaniline (PANI)/porous bio-gel (PBG) composites are prepared by in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization and its morphology and structure are characterized. The effects of different conditions on the adsorption of acid red G (ARG) by PANI/PBG composites are explored. On this basis, the kinetic and isotherm models are established. The regeneration performance of the composites is also investigated. The research results show that the optimum dosage of PANI/PBG composites to adsorb ARG is 8 g/L, and the adsorption removal rate is above 90% when the pH is 1-5. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of PANI/PBG increases slightly with the increase of temperature, reaching 228.50 mg-ARG/g-PANI, and the adsorption equilibrium time is only 30 minutes. The adsorption process of ARG by PANI/PBG composites conforms to the Pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, which indicates that the adsorption process is single-layer chemical adsorption, and the maximum adsorption Qm of fitting is 368.59 mg/g. PANI/PBG composites still have good adsorption performance after 6 cycles of regeneration experiments.
  • WU Chenjie, WANG Dezhi, MA Zhipeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4193-4198. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.027
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    In order to study the effects of ultrafine fly ash and recycled fine aggregate on the performance of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), the compressive strength, tensile strength and microstructure of UHPC studied by workability test, axial tensile strength test, axial compressive strength test and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The UHPC strength prediction model based on the influence of ultrafine fly ash and recycled fine aggregate established. The results show that the UHPC expands and flows well, the compressive strength decreases and the tensile strength presents an upward trend with the increase of ultrafine fly ash contentThe compressive strength of UHPC could be improved to 115.36 MPa when ultrafine fly ash content is less than 10%. With the increase of recycled fine aggregate content, the working performance of UHPC becomes worsen, but the compressive strength and tensile strength increase gradually. SEM test that fly ash Ca(OH)2 to produce more C-H-S gel, making the structure more dense internally. Based on the improved theoretical model of compressible stacking, a UHPC strength prediction model of ultrafine fly ash modified reclaimed fine aggregate established.
  • ZHU Shanshan, LIN Huan, ZHANG Man, DONG Hua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4199-4204. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.028
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    In this experiment, the thermal conductivity of polyimide fibers at different temperatures is obtained by using transient electrothermal technology in order to explore the rule and cause of the variation of the thermal conductivity of polyimide fibers with temperature. The experimental results show that when the temperature is in the range of 10-290 K, with the decrease of temperature, the thermal diffusion coefficient of polyimide fiber increases gradually, and the thermal conductivity decreases gradually. In this paper, we start from the lattice vibration (phonon) thermal conductivity, and study the relationship between temperature and lattice vibration, phonon concentration, phonon mean free path and other experimental parameters. After excluding the influence of macroscopic defects such as pores, it is concluded that the crystallization rate is the main factor affecting the thermal conductivity of polyimide fibers near the glass transition temperature while the lattice vibration is the main factor affecting the thermal conductivity of polyimide fibers near the Debye temperature. Therefore, polyimide fibers can be prepared by changing the crystallization rate and improving process conditions to meet the needs of different life, production and scientific research.
  • Process & Technology
  • TAN Jinhong, YANG Qun, PEI Liujun, ZHANG Hongjuan, WANG Jiping, DAI Zhengwei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4205-4210. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.029
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    Poly n-isopropyl acrylamide (PNIPAM) modified graphene oxide complex (PNIPAM-GO) is treated on cotton fabric by dip-drying layer group firstly, then it is in-situ reduced by hydrazine hydrate to prepared composite conductive fabric (PNIPAM-rGO/C). The prepared conductive fabrics are characterized and tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy and electrical resistance. The results show that the PNIPAM-GO is in-situ reduced to PNIPAM-rGO and adhered to the surface of the cotton fibers. The resistance of the conductive fabrics PNIPAM-rGO/C decrease with PNIPAM-GO concentration and the number of layer groups increasing. The resistance is (908.3±32.8)kΩ at a PNIPAM-GO concentration of 5 g/L and a number of dip-drying 5 layer groups, while the resistance is (9.4±3.6)kΩ at a PNIPAM-GO concentration of 15 g/L and a number of dip-drying 15 layer groups. Besides, the conductivity of the PNIPAM-rGO/C fabric has temperature-sensitive effect. When changing the testing temperature above or below the LCST of PNIPAM-GO, respectively, the resistance value of the PNIPAM-rGO/C fabric changes reversibly.
  • WANG Han, TONG Zhi, CUI Shuangke, GUO Lei, LYU Xiangyu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4211-4215. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.030
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    With loess and fly ash as basic aggregates, nano-TiO2 as sintering aid and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as binder, ceramic membrane supports are prepared by extrusion molding and solid particle sintering. The pure water flux, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, flexural strength, apparent porosity, crystal phase composition and surface morphology of the supports are characterized, and the effects of nano-TiO2 addition on the performance of ceramic membrane supports are investigated. The results show that nano-TiO2 addition could promote the sintering and densification of the support. At the sintering temperature of 1 050 ℃ and nano-TiO2 content of 5%, the flexural strength, the pure water flux, porosity, and the acid-base corrosion rate of the support are 2.874 MPa, 2667.94 L/(m2·h·MPa), 53.473%, 5.196% and 0.355%. Nano-TiO2 as sintering aid can produce ceramic membrane support with excellent effect.
  • LIU Zhifeng, FANG Xun, GUO Shaobo, TANG Bo, JI Xiaohui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4216-4223. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.031
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    Core-shell nanoparticles Au@Ag composite is synthesized by loading Ag on the surface of nano-Au as the core. The properties of the Au@Ag coreshell NPs are characterized by TEM, EDX and UV-vis. The catalytic hydrogenation activity of the material is studied with methyl orange as the target pollutant, and its catalytic mechanism is preliminarily discussed. The photoinhibition activity and antibacterial mechanism of the bacteria are studied using Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as the model bacteria. The results indicate that compared with nano-Ag, the degradation rate of nano-Au@Ag for methyl orange is more than 99% within 8 min, and the hydrogenation products are sodium p-aminobenzenesulfonate and p-diaminobenzene. The antibacterial experiments show that compared with the dark environment, the nano-Au @Ag under 300 W illumination had stronger antibacterial properties. At the concentration of 300 μg/mL, the antibacterial efficiency is higher under the illumination of 8 min. The effect on the growth stages of bacterial retardation and logarithmic phase is obvious, and the cell wall of E. coli is seriously damaged.
  • ZHU Yuan, SHENG Shaoding, PAN Yusong, PAN Chengling
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4224-4229. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.032
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    Here, with bismuth nitrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) as the source of bismuth, tungsten acid sodium (Na2WO6·2H2O) as tungsten sources and alkaline titanium carbide (Ti3C2-OH) as catalyst promoter, auxiliary by CTAB with simple hydrothermal method, we have succeeded in preparation of the composite photocatalyst Ti3C2-OH/Bi2WO6 with the photocatalytic properties. In under the irradiation of visible light (300 w xenon lamp), the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) dye solution is used to assess the photocatalytic performance of the catalyst, and its degradation mechanism is finally analyzed. The results show that the degradation efficiency of pure Bi2WO6 on pollutants reaches 60.8% after 20 min of visible light irradiation, while the photocatalytic performance of the complex is significantly improved after supporting the catalyst Ti3C2-OH. Specifically, when the load of Ti3C2-OH is 20 mg, the degradation efficiency of RhB by the composite catalyst 20 mg-Ti3C2-OH/Bi2WO6 (short for 20 mg-TB) reaches 96% within 20 min, and the photodegradation performance is significantly better than that of pure Bi2WO6. Kinetic analysis shows that the Changshu kinetics of pure Bi2WO6 is k=0.0262 min-1, while that of 20 mg-TB is k=0.1239 min-1, 4.72 times of that of pure Bi2WO6. Furthermore, the crystal structure and microstructure of the catalyst are thoroughly analyzed. In order to clarify the mechanism of photodegradation, we have carried out the capture experiment of active species, and the results show that the species that play a major role in the degradation of organic matter is h+.
  • CHEN Ye, ZHANG Yi, LIU Xupo, GAO Shuyan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2022, 53(4): 4230-4236. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2022.04.033
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    Supercapacitors have attracted a wide attention because of the large capacity, fast charge and discharge speed, long cycle life, high power density, low environmental pollution, and wide operating temperature range. They can be used in many scenarios, such as storage of regenerative energy, backup batteries, and alternative power sources, revealing huge application value and market potential. However, the low energy density of existing supercapacitors limits their application prospects. For this reason, researchers have proposed a scheme of optimizing electrode materials to increase their energy density. Based on this, this study has employed biomass——pinus tabulaeformis as carbon sources to prepare the multi-pore carbon materials with excellent performance through the high-temperature carbonization and potassium hydroxide activation. Performance testing confirms that the material has excellent electrochemical performance (capacitance of 532.0 F/g, energy density of 12.5 Wh/kg, power density of 5 245.6 W/kg). The research results show that the high specific surface area (3 948.6 m2/g), hierarchical pore structure, uniform pore size distribution, and heteroatom doping are beneficial to increase the specific capacitance of carbon materials. This work provides a technical guidance for the selection and preparation of electrode materials for supercapacitors.