15 November 2015, Volume 46 Issue 21

    

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研究 开发
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  Preparation of Co-continuous Fly Ash/Al-alloy Composites and Their Interface Bonding

  ;Hong Yan

  . 2015, 46(21): 1-0.

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  Co-continuous fly ash/Al-alloy composites were fabricated by squeeze casting method. Fly ash ceramic foam and Al-Si alloy were selected as the reinforcement and the matrix material, respectively. The interface bonding of the composites was studied at the factor of different matrix material and pouring temperature. The results show that the composites with well interface bonding can be fabricated as the hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy(ZL101), eutectic Al-Si alloy(ZL102) and hypereutectic Al-Si alloy(Al-23Si) are chosen for the matrix material. A transition zone with compact silicon phase is formed in the interface. The mechanism of the composites’ interface bonding is mixed, it exists mechanical interlock permeating layer and interfacial reaction. The bonding capacity of Al-Si alloy and fly ash ceramic foam increases with the increasing of temperature. Under the condition of the temperature is below to 780℃, the interface is easy to separate. The appropriate pouring temperature is 780℃-810℃.
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  Fluorescence Enhancement Effect of Polystyrene by BSA Isolation Layer at Surface of Ag Nanoparticles

  . 2015, 46(21): 2-0.

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  Spherical silver (Ag) nanoparticles with the average diameter 50-65 nm were synthesized by oxidation-reduction process. The morphology and monodispersity of the Ag nanoparticles was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Ag/bovine serum albumin (BSA) core-shell structure nanoparticles approximately 80.8 nm in effective diameter were fabricated by deposition method and self-assembling onto Ag nanoparticles. The results of SEM, transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence emission spectra (FL) showed that BSA effectively coated on the surface of Ag nanoparticles, and Ag/BSA core-shell structured nanoparticles had good monodispersity. Furthermore, fluorescence intensity of PS enhanced from 100 to 6000 by Ag/BSA core-shell structured nanoparticles. The results showed that BSA isolation layer had significant enhancement effect on fluorescence intensity of PS near the surface of Ag.
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  Effect of high content B2O3 on the structure and properties of silicate glass

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  . 2015, 46(21): 3-0.

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  xB2O3-10SiO2-10Na2O(x=50,60,70,80,90) system glasses were prepared using conventional melt quenching technology. The structure of borosilicate glass was analyzed by IR with different content of B2O3. The thermal expansion coefficient, transition temperature, softening temperature and high temperature viscosity were tested. The results showed that it is difficult for the borosilicate glasses with high content B2O3 to crystallize; with the content of B2O3 increasing, [BO3] and [BO4] increased sharply and the main products were [BO3]; the thermal expansion coefficient presented a S type change, while the transition temperature, softening temperature and high temperature viscosity decreased; both dielectric constant and dielectric loss appeared minimal value (5.19 for dielectric constant and 3.584×10-4 for dielectric loss at 1MHz), the excess content of B2O3 would be counterproductive.
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  Synthesis and properties of the novel Fe3+ fluorescence probe

  Jing-hua DONG

  . 2015, 46(21): 4-0.

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  A novel fluorescence probe 3 has been designed and synthesized. The results showed that a significant fluorescent quenching at 358 nm was observed when Fe3+ was added to the DMF solution of the compound 3 which has strong fluorescence originally. The addition of other metal ions showed no obvious fluorescent quenching,. Therefore, compound 3 is a good Fe3+ fluorescence probe with high selectivity.
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  Influence of low dose Ga+ ion irradiation on texture and magnetic properties of CoFe/ IrMn bilayer

  QI xian jin

  . 2015, 46(21): 5-0.

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  The CoFe/IrMn bilayer was deposited by high vacuum magnetron sputtering on a silicon wafer substrate. The influences of low dose Ga+ ion irradiation on microstructure and magnetic properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). And the magnetic stability of both non-irradiated and irradiated CoFe/IrMn bilayers has been investigated by means of holding the film in a negative saturation field. The distribution of Ga+ ion in the IrMn layer obtained by the stopping and ranges of ions in matter (SRIM) simulation. The results show that the texture of IrMn（111）of the ion irradiated bilayer is the same as the non-irradiated ones. The exchange bias and the surface/interface roughness decreases with increasing ion doses. Furthermore, the magnetic stability decreases after ion irradiation.
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  Research on Methane Adsorption Optimization of Anionic Surfactant with Plant Oil Complex System

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  . 2015, 46(21): 6-0.

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  Abstract: It was a difficult problem to study absorption of methane with the molecular structure of the symmetry. This article selected ordinary solution anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) with plant oil including castor oil, olive oil, and peppermint oil compound solution. The volume fraction of methane absorption was tested by headspace extraction method by head space gas chromatography, meanwhile the quantitative analysis is using the external standard method static headspace, to determine the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent material for methane gas. Comparative analysis showed that SDS system with castor oil absorption effect was best. Also attempts to add decamethylcyclopentasiloxane in compound solution and the result of methane adsorption rate is increased about 4.5%. Furthermore particle size micelles in solution tested via a laser particle size analyzer and find that decamethylcyclopentasiloxane can make the micelle bigger and increase methane adsorption rate.
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  Synthesis of casein-based TiO2 hybrid emulsion and its self-cleaning property

  Qun-Na XU ;

  . 2015, 46(21): 7-0.

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  Casein-based TiO2 hybrid emulsion for coatings with self-cleaning property has been fabricated through double in-situ emulsion polymerization using caprolactam, acrylate and nano titanium dioxide. Structure, morphology of the obtained latex and its film were characterized by TEM, AFM and SEM, while the self-cleaning property was measured by ultraviolet light. In this research, stability of the hybrid emulsion is the biggest technical challenge due to the easy hydrolysis of TBOT. So, a series of casein-based TiO2 hybrid emulsion by TBOT were prepared. The results showed that stability of emulsion was desirable. The particles with core-shell structure have uniform distribution and the formed coatings were endowed with obvious self-cleaning property when TBOT was 2%. More importantly, formation mechanism of resultant particles and its self-cleaning property were proposed accordingly.
工艺 技术
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  Fabricate TiO2-Ag composite coating by Thermal drive Ag doped TiO2 nanotube arrays and its photocatalytic properties

  . 2015, 46(21): 8-0.

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  The amorphous structure of TiO2 nanotube arrays (Titania Nanotube Arrays, TNA) immersed in AgNO3 solution, and then by proper heat treatment, not only can make the crystal structure of TNA transformed into anatase or rutile, also can be made of cavernous TiO2-Ag composite coating. This paper studied the influence effects of concentration of AgNO3 solution, heat treatment temperature on the TiO2-Ag composite coating structure and performance of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The research results show that the concentration of AgNO3 solution has an important effect on TiO2-Ag composite coating morphology and crystal structure. When the concentration of AgNO3 solution is 0.1~0.5 mol·L-1 and heat treatment temperature is 500 ℃, cavernous TiO2-Ag composite coating can be obtained. The coating under ultraviolet visible light illumination conditions, photocatalytic hydrogen production rate achieves 2.14 μmol·cm2-1·h-1.
研究 开发
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  Microstructure and Properties of TiC-Ni(Cr) Cermet Composite Coating Prepared by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis

  ; ;;;

  . 2015, 46(21): 9-0.

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  The TiC-Ni(Cr) cermet composite coating was prepared on 7A52 aluminum alloy by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis(SHS). The microstructure and properties of coating was investigated by means of SEM , EDS , XRD ,micro-hardness measure and thermal shock resistance test. The results show that the coating is consisting of TiC ceramic phase and Ni metal phase. Each phase of coating combines very well. The surface of coating is the high strength metallurgical bonding. The micro-hardness of the coating is about 10 times of the substrate. The result of thermal shock resistance test further validate the binding strength between the coating and the substrate is good. Experimental results show that adding the metallic Cr and Ni , which has a good dissolvability in Al, to transition area of samples, and improved bonding strength of the coating and the substrate preferably.
工艺 技术
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  Preparation and properties of luminescent-paramagnetic CS/GdPO4:Tb bifunctional microspheres

  Yan-Li Wu

  . 2015, 46(21): 10-0.

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  A novel bifunctional bioinorganic composite combined with the interesting properties of paramagnetism, fluorescence was successfully prepared by encapsulation of GdPO4:Tb nanorods into the chitosan microsphere. The morphology and structure of the composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The results showed that the CS/GdPO4:Tb bifunctional microsphere owned nest-like shape and rough surface with an average diameter of 5 μm, which is different from the pure Chitosan. The formation process was preliminary discussed. Additionally, the photoluminescence spectra and the paramagnetic properties revealed that the as-prepared bifunctional composites exhibited efficient luminescence and paramagnetism that had potential in magnetic resonance and optical imaging. Our results suggested that the obtained functionalized microspheres might be very attractive for biomedical applications.
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  Research on the gas sensing properties of single La3+-doped SnO2 nanobelt in phase space

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  . 2015, 46(21): 11-0.

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  The analysis of response curves in phase space is an effective way to get information on the dynamical evolution of the sensor. In this paper, the response curves of a single La3+-doped SnO2 nanobelt gas sensor in the time domain are transformed into the characteristic curves of it in phase space. The feature parameters are calibrated in phase space and then the gas sensing dynamic behaviors of a single La3+-doped SnO2 nanobelt device are analyzed systematically. The results are as follows: (1) The single La3+-doped SnO2 nanobelt device has good resiliences to acetone, ethanol and ethanediol; (2) It has a high sensitivity and an excellent selectivity especially to ethanediol; (3) The adsorption efficiency behaves insufficiently as the ethanediol concentration increases, but the desorption efficiency is obvious, indicating a repulsive effect, and the device is not an ideal "dependent" gas sensor. The dynamical characteristics and pattern recognition of the ideal sensor are given by the phase space analysis so that the theoretical guidance and judgment are provided to design and prepare the "dependent" gas sensor.
综述 进展
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  Progress of alumina Ceramic Injection Molding

  he peng ;

  . 2015, 46(21): 12-0.

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  The characteristics of CIM technology are revewed by this paper, it describes the key technology such us alumina ceramic feedstock preparation,injection molding and debinding in detail,the development of new process with regard to alumina ceramic injection micro injection process are also introduced. In the end, this paper looks forward to the development of this technology accordingly.
研究 开发
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  Study on Fractal Damage Constitutive Laws of Concrete Based on Najar Energy Method

  . 2015, 46(21): 13-0.

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  Concrete damage model research, in fact is the study of concrete material damage variables influence on its constitutive relationship. Cumulative deformation of material can cause interior damage of structure under exterior load so that the entire structure may collapse due to damage of concrete. In the process of concrete damage, the irregular fracture surfaces and wandering or disorderly cracks are the most direct embodiment and characterization for concrete mechanics performance discretization. In order to accurately describe concrete mechanics performance, the conception of fractal stress、fractal strain and fractal fracture energy are obtained by the fractal characteristics of the fracture surface. According to energy dissipation damage theory by Najar, the uniaxial tensile fractal damage constitutive model is put forward by combining fracture mechanics with continuum damage mechanics. By means of redefined damage propagation law of Weibull probability distribution, a new damage evolution equation considering the fractal characteristics of concrete fractures is proposed.
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  Study of Ultrasonic vibration aided laser injection magnesium alloy solidification structure

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  . 2015, 46(21): 14-0.

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  Based on the CA method, a grain growth model for simulation of microstructure evolution was established, and the influence of grain growth of magnesium alloy melt with different amplitude of ultrasonic vibration was studied in this paper. The results show that with the increase of ultrasonic amplitude, melt undercooling increases as power function, when the melt of undercooling is very small, the melt hardly no nucleation, while the undercooling reaches a certain value, the nucleation rate increases dramatically. When amplitude is 10 micron, the undercooling induced by ultrasonic vibration is 32.23K, and the nucleation rate for the melt is 353 times that of the melt without ultrasonic vibration. Under the ultrasonic vibration the alloy melt undercooling increases, the melt nucleation rate increases, the grain size becomes smaller and more uniform. The simulation results are well in agreement with experimental results, which ensure that the simulation can guide the application of laser injection aided by ultrasonic vibration in industrial production.
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  Effect of the dilution ratio of STF/abs on the high-speed impact property of the STF/UHMWPE materials

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  . 2015, 46(21): 15-0.

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  To explore the high-speed impact of STF composited with fabrics influenced by the dilution ratio of STF, STF was diluted by the absolute ethyl alcohol at the dilution volume ratios of 1:1、1:2、1:3、1:4. And then four groups of STF/UHMWPE material targets were prepared. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the surface of fabrics before and after composited and watch the fibers of the broken fabric. High-speed tests were used to measure the high-speed impact property of STF/UHMWPE material targets. The results show that shear thickening behavior happens at the broken place of STF/UHMWPE materials. What’s more, the STF/UHMWPE material targets whose dilution ratio is 1:3 have the best high-speed impact property.
工艺 技术
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  Fractal characteristic of the fracture morphology and crack propagation of a ceramic tool material

  Guang-Ming ZHENG ;;

  . 2015, 46(21): 16-0.

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  A Si3N4 ceramic tool material with high mechanical properties was prepared by hot-pressing sintering process. The phase identification, fracture surface microstructure and crack propagation path were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By means of image processing technique and fractal theory, the fractal dimension of fracture morphology and crack propagation path was calculated, and the fracture mechanism of the ceramic material was revealed. The results show that the Si3N4 ceramic material shows a mixed fracture mode of transgranular and intergranular, and the main mode of the crack propagation is deflection and bridging. The fracture morphology and crack propagation path of the material have an apparent fractal characteristic. With the increase of the fractal dimension, the fracture morphology shows more complex, and then the crack propagation path is more irregular. It is indicated that the complexity of microstructure and the irregularity of crack propagation can be described by fractal dimension.
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  Preparation of the Magnetic Microbeads with Amino Groups and Its Adsorption Properties for Acid Orange 7

  ;;;;;Guang-Ming Qiu

  . 2015, 46(21): 17-0.

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  Magnetic microbeads (MM) were synthesized by suspension polymerization and then reacted with ethylenediamine to yield magnetic microbeads with amino groups (MM-EDA). The final product was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), BET surface area, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). MM-EDA were used to adsorb acid orange 7 (AO7) from aqueous solution. Effect of initial concentration, pH, coexisting ions and contact time on adsorption amount of AO7 was investigated. The experimental results indicated the highest adsorption capacity of AO7 was around pH=3. At room temperature, the adsorption of AO7 on MM-EDA reached equilibrium within 120 min and saturated adsorption capacity for AO7 was approximately 300 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm can be well described by the Langmuir equation and the adsorption kinetics fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic process with increased entropy, and higher temperature would benefit the adsorption. The adsorbent can be repeatedly utilized with no significant loss of adsorption capacity.
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  Analysis on crumb rubber modified asphalt and its aging characteristics on microscale

  . 2015, 46(21): 18-0.

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  In order to analyze the crumb rubber modified asphalt and its aging characteristics on microscale, asphalt-rubber(AR) and desulfurized rubber asphalt(DRA) were produced, first the two kinds of rubber particle characteristics were analyzed both before the crumb rubber modified asphalt were made and after, then the relationship between molecular weight distribution of the two kinds of crumb rubber modified asphalt and their road performance was established by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) test, at last their aging characteristics were researched based on both technique index results and Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR) Spectroscopy semi-quantitative analysis. The result showes that, after high speed shearing process desulfurized rubber particles were dispersed into minimal ones in the asphalt, but the ordinary crumb rubber also kept their particle cores after sheared; AR has the largest proportion of large molecular size(LMS) correspond with the best road performance at high or low temperature; AR continues in a strong swelling in TFOT short-term aging, while oxidation aging is dominating in PAV long-term aging, but to DRA oxidation aging is dominating both in TFOT short-term and PAV long-term aging; the aging resistance of AR in TFOT short-term aging is better than that of DRA.
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  Glass Fiber Reinforced Starch/Polylactic Acid Composite—Effect of Fiber Content on the Properties

  ZUO Yingfeng; ;

  . 2015, 46(21): 19-0.

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  Glass fiber reinforced starch/polylactic acid (PLA) composites were prepared by melt extrusion with corn starch and PLA as raw materials and glycerol as plasticizer. The effect of glass fiber content on the fracture morphology, mechanical properties, water resistance and melting properties of composites were studied. The results show that, with the increasing of glass fiber content, mechanical interlocking between fiber and the matrix of composites was result in the roughness of fracture surface. When fiber content was more than 4%, the entanglement between the fibers was generated. Then the enhancement effect for composite matrix was weakened, which made the roughness of fracture surface was decreased. Affected by the enhanced effect of glass fiber to matrix, the tensile strength, blending strength and breaking elongation of composites were increased along with the increasing of fiber content, but decreased gradually for water absorption rate. Glass fiber in an amount of 4% was reached the threshold. The storage modulus of composites was increased with the increasing of glass fiber content, but melt index and complex viscosity were decreased.
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  Preparation of Different Morphologies SnO2 Nanomaterials Based Electrospunand its Formaldehyde-Sensing Properties

  haiying Ying DU;

  . 2015, 46(21): 20-0.

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  SnO2 nanomaterials were synthesized using different organic solvents (PVP, PMMA) based in electrospinning method.After annealing at temperature of 600 ℃, different morphology SnO2 nanomaterials (SnO2 nanofibers and SnO2nanoparticles) were obtained. The morphology and structure of SnO2 nanomaterials were analyzed by using XRD, SEM and TEM. The specific surface area and pore distribution of SnO2 nanomaterials were analyzed by BET. The SnO2 nanoparticles using organic solvents PMMA based in electrospinning showed more pores and bigger specific surface area than SnO2 nanofibersusing organic solvents PVP based in electrospinning. The gas sensing properties of the SnO2 nanomaterials to formaldehyde were measured in formaldehyde concentration range of 0.5 ppm ~ 50 ppm. The SnO2 nanoparticles sensor exhibited low operating temperature，large response valuesand slowly response and response recover time. Cross-responses of the SnO2 nanomaterials sensors were tested.The SnO2 nanoparticles sensor and SnO2 nanofibers sensor both showed well cross-responses. The sensing mechanism of the SnO2 nanomaterials gas sensor treated by oxygen plasma was briefly analyzed.
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  The preparation and properties of modified hydrogenated , The preparation and properties of modified hydrogenated

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  . 2015, 46(21): 21-0.

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  Modified TiO2（KH550-TiO2）was prepared by silane coupling Agent KH550 and TiO2. Hydrogenated castor oil and modified titanium synthesized Hydrogenated castor oil/silane coupling Agent KH550 modified titanium nanocomposites (SSF/KH550-TiO2) by in-situ method. Finally SSF/KH550-TiO2 was applied in fatliquoring of goatskin garment and properties of the fatliquored leather were tested. KH550-TiO2 was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermo gravimetric analysis（TGA). dynamic SSF/KH550-TiO2 was characterized by FT-IR, dynamic laser scattering（DLS), UV spectrophotometer (UV) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Mechanical properties, flexibility and anti yellowing properties of the fatliquored leather were tested, meanwhile fibers were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD, TGA and FT-IR results showed that KH550 could successfully modify TiO2, crystal form of modified TiO2 did not change and KH550 coating rate was 2.27-2.72% on surface TiO2. DLS, UV and TEM results showed emulsion particle diameter SSF/KH550-TiO2 was obviously decrease and ultraviolet absorption was obviously heighten, after KH550-TiO2 was introduced. Meanwhile KH550-TiO2 cloud evenly distribute in the SSF/KH550-TiO2. Crust leather results indicated that anti yellowing, softness and thickening were improved with KH550-TiO2 increased. However, mechanical property the fatliquored leather was reduced. SEM results indicated that KH550-TiO2 cloud enters among collagen fibers. , Modified TiO2（KH550-TiO2）was prepared by silane coupling Agent KH550 and TiO2. Hydrogenated castor oil and modified titanium synthesized Hydrogenated castor oil/silane coupling Agent KH550 modified titanium nanocomposites (SSF/KH550-TiO2) by in-situ method. Finally SSF/KH550-TiO2 was applied in fatliquoring of goatskin garment and properties of the fatliquored leather were tested. KH550-TiO2 was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermo gravimetric analysis（TGA). dynamic SSF/KH550-TiO2 was characterized by FT-IR, dynamic laser scattering（DLS), UV spectrophotometer (UV) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Mechanical properties, flexibility and anti yellowing properties of the fatliquored leather were tested, meanwhile fibers were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD, TGA and FT-IR results showed that KH550 could successfully modify TiO2, crystal form of modified TiO2 did not change and KH550 coating rate was 2.27-2.72% on surface TiO2. DLS, UV and TEM results showed emulsion particle diameter SSF/KH550-TiO2 was obviously decrease and ultraviolet absorption was obviously heighten, after KH550-TiO2 was introduced. Meanwhile KH550-TiO2 cloud evenly distribute in the SSF/KH550-TiO2. Crust leather results indicated that anti yellowing, softness and thickening were improved with KH550-TiO2 increased. However, mechanical property the fatliquored leather was reduced. SEM results indicated that KH550-TiO2 cloud enters among collagen fibers.
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  Synthesis of conductive silver films by particle-free silver ink

  yukuan SHEN;ZHEN liu

  . 2015, 46(21): 22-0.

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  The silver conductive ink was prepared by dissolving Silver citrate and monoethanolamine in 2-methoxyethanol. Silver citrate, 2-methoxyethanol and monoethanolamine, were used as precursor metal compounds, protective solvent, and organic complexing agent, respectively. The silver films were synthesized on glass substrates through spin-coating followed by a post-annealing process. For the sample treated at 250°C for 20min, a high-quality silver film was formed with uniform grain size. The resistivity is about 2-4 times of the typical bulk value. Using the same prepared silver ink, conductive silver wires with widths of 100μm, 200μm, 300μm and 400μm, were printed with a FujiFilm Dimatix DMP 2381 inkjet printer, respectively. The printed silver wires have a sheet resistance of about 3Ω/□.
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  Influence of additives on the water stability of asphalt mixture in salty and humid environment

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  . 2015, 46(21): 23-0.

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  The basalt fiber, polyester fiber, lignin fiber, AMR, TJ-066 and hydrated lime were selected to produce asphalt mixtures and the specimens were shaped. Dry-wet cycles of specimens in 10% NaCl solution were carried out to speed up the erosion of salty and humid environment, and then the Immersion Marshall Test, freeze-thaw splitting test, dynamic water scouring and splitting test and Hamburg wheel tracking test in water were carried out. The test results show that the residual stability, freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio and scouring and splitting strength ratio of asphalt mixture all increase at certain degrees after mixed six kings of additives. Different additives can increase the failure number, delay the appearance of spalling phenomenon and reduce the spalling rate of asphalt mixture. The effect of basalt fiber in improving the water stability of asphalt mixture is best, followed by hydrated lime, and the effect of two anti-stripping agents is relatively poor. The basalt fiber is recommended to improve the water damage resistance of asphalt mixture in salty and humid area.