Electrodeposited Ni fabricated by LIGA or UV-LIGA, particularly suitable for micro-devices as a structural material. Mechanical properties of materials play an important role in micro-devices design, simulation and the actual use. In this paper, by the use of conventional mechanical testing machine and self-built micro-tensile platform, through a method of uniaxial tensile test, we measured mechanical properties of the UV-LIGA Ni thin films deposited with a current density of 20mA/cm2. The results of three test methods showed a consistent change - and Young's modulus dramatically reduced while strength significantly increased, indicating that UV-LIGA Ni has significantly different mechanical properties comparing with bulk Ni. Through X-ray diffraction spectrum analysis (XRD), we measured the preferred orientation and grain size of the specimen, by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), we observed the surface morphology and tensile fracture surface of the specimen, and preliminarily analyzed the causes of change in mechanical properties of UV-LIGA Ni. The test results provide an important frame of reference for the design and simulation of the micro-devices.

A series of AlxGa1-xN films grown on sapphire were measured applying Spectroscopic Ellipsometry. The films thickness and optical constants in 245-1000 nm range are obtained by fitting. And Al composition is calculated by Effective-Medium-Approximation (EMA) model. With Al composition increasing, the refractive index n decreases, absorption edge shifts to shorter wavelength. The results are in good agreement with that of transmission spectrum.

y

This paper developed a new type technique of material which was used to plant grass and stabilize sands in desertification region.Take the OP-10,Vomit 20 and Vomit 80 to emulsify the discard vegetable oil,which can decompose completely,then carry on a hydrophobicity-modification towards the native soil from desertification region, in the end,mix with the grass seed for making into a stabilizing sands and planting grass material based on hydrophobicity-modified soil particles.According to the analyse of humidity evaporation, planting grass in the synthetic climate box, microstructure,thermoanalysis,aperture-aperture capacity to that material, the results show it has the function of ventilation and water retention and also performs well in the test of planting grass in the synthetic climate box which can imitate surroundings of the desert。The best proportion is that the hydrophobic component is 1:20 （mL∕mL） to water and 3:20 （mL∕g） to soil.

Tea tree essential oil was coated with Tween 80 as surfactant to form an emulsion. Chitosan was used for the substrate and O/W chitosan-based tea tree essential oil emulsive film was prepared with cast method. Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, etc. were used to characterize the film’s structural feature and performance. The results showed that tea tree essential oil in chitosan solution was coated by Tween 80 to form a stable O/W emulsion casting solution. The particles of tea tree essential oil were in spherical form with a diameter of about 1μm in the film. The results of performance test indicated that the the addition of tea tree essential oil greatly enhanced antibacterial effect of chitosan film. Film had good conformability, water absorption, permeability and antibacterial property so that it is expected to be a new type of medical material in the future.

In view of the advantages of cellulose and its various applications, how to obtain cellulose from biomass and make it into a configuration that fits the target application scenario is of great importance. Firstly, the extraction methods of cellulose were summarized, including acid-alkali, ozonolysis, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, organic solvent, and steam explosion. The pros and cons of these extraction methods were compared and analyzed. Secondly, the preparation methods of fibrous membranes were elaborated, including electrospinning, melt spinning and wet spinning. The electrospinning, a simple and cheap technique, is considered to be a commonly used method. More importantly, nanoscale fibers with high specific surface areas can be fabricated by this method and are expected to provide significant contributions to many properties and make a positive impact on the applications. In addition, these recent and excellent applications of fibrous membranes in substance separation, fabrics, photoelectricity and medicine were overviewed. Finally, the perspectives and challenges in cellulose extraction, fibrous membrane preparation and application were outlined.

Novel aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) film has excellent optical properties and low cost, and is expected to replace the mature indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) film. This paper mainly describes the structure and optoelectronic properties of AZO thin films, and focuses on the preparation processes and application fields of the thin films. Finally, the future industrialization of AZO thin films is projected.

Cellulose has the characteristics of renewable, degradable, environmental, pollution-free, etc. Using celluloses as raw materials, the prepared cellulose-based membrane material shows excellent properties of separation, adsorption, conduction, magnetic and stimulus-response, and is widely used in separation, conduction, packaging, adsorption, and other research fields. In this paper, the application of cellulosic materials in the fields of separation film, conductive film, packaging film, and adsorption film was reviewed, and its future development trend was prospected.

In this thesis, the measurement results of ferromagnetic resonance of nickel iron alloy yttrium iron garnet (NiFe-YIG) granular thin films are given in order to study the mechanism of linewidth broadening in the films. The 50 nm thickness of NiFe-YIG granular thin films was prepared by RF magnetron sputtering on silicon subtrate. The out of plane angle ferromagnetic resonance was mainly measured. The linewidth was separated by combining the theories of Gilbert damping, two-magnon scattering (short-range defect excitation) and mosaic effect (long-range defect excitation). It can be found that data of linewidth and field angle are consistent with the theory. When the YIG content is low, the linewidth is mainly composed of Gilbert damping and two-magnon damping linewidth. With the increase of YIG content, the linewidth broadening effect caused by two-magnon scattering and mosaic effect increases, and the relevant basic parameters and defect information are obtained.

A series of lithium-ion sieve precursor membrane with different amounts of spinel-type manganese oxide (Li1.6Mn1.6O4) were prepared by the phase-inversion process. The membrane was treated with HCl solution to extract lithium, resulting in the lithium-ion sieve membrane. The structure and properties of the prepared lithium-ion sieve precursor membranes were characterized by means of SEM, XRD and adsorption experiments. Adsorption experiments show that adsorption capacity of membrane-type adsorbents increase with the amount of Li1.6Mn1.6O4 from 5% up to 15%. Further increasing the amount of Li1.6Mn1.6O4, the adsorption capacity of membrane-type adsorbents decreases. It indicates that the optimal content of Li1.6Mn1.6O4 embedded into the PVDF polymer matrix is 15% with the maximums adsorption capacity of 6.98(102mg/cm2).

Sulfonated polysulfone is a excellent material for the preparation of hydrophilic membrane. In this paper sulfonated monomers 3,3’-disulfonated- 4,4’-dichlo- rodiphenyl sulfone (SDCDPS) was firstly prepared using 4,4’-dischlorodiphenyl sulfone (DCDPS) as raw material, and the best sulphonated conditions was determined. The molar ratio of SO3/DCDPS was 3.5, reaction temperature 110 °C and reaction time 20 h. A series of different sulfonation degree of sulfonated polysulfone membrane material were synthesized via nucleophilic polycondensation reaction using SDCDPS as monomer. Its structure had been characterized by Infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermal analysis experiments showed that the polymer material had a higher molecular weight and thermal stability.

Diabetes, a metabolic disease, can lead to vascular dysfunction and severe wound infection owing to the hyperglycemia in patients, which causes the wounds of diabetic patients prone to pathogenic bacterial infection, leading to the wound difficult to heal. To solve this problem, in this study, a NIR laser/glucose dual-responsive poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) film (PLGA/Ag₂S@LM-GOx) was constructed based on Ag₂S/liquid metal compound and glucose oxidase (GOx) for efficiently eliminating pathogenic bacteria and relieve wound infection. The characterization results of XRD, SEM, EDS and BCA protein detection and analysis proved the successful preparation of Ag₂S@LM compound and PLGA/Ag₂S@LM-GOx thin films. The PL spectrum results indicated that compared with the Ag₂S, the photoexcited electron-hole pairs separation efficiency of the Ag₂S@LM compound is significantly improved. The photothermal experimental results demonstrated that PLGA/Ag₂S@LM-GOx can effectively generated heat under NIR irradiation. Subsequently, photodynamic/chemodynamic results demonstrated that PLGA/Ag₂S@LM-GOx can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under NIR irradiation and glucose environments by NIR laser/glucose dual-responsed, which have the potential to cause oxidative stress to bacteria. Antibacterial experiments showed that the PLGA/Ag₂S@LM-GOx film can effectively eliminate Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), proving that PLGA/Ag₂S@LM-GOx thin film possesses NIR laser/glucose dual-responsed synergistic bactericidal ability. This research not only provides a new method and experimental support for the treatment of wound infection in diabetic patients, but also provides a new idea for designing the novel thin film materials.

As exotic states of quantum matter, topological insulators have been widely used in the field of next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Due to the co-existence of metal surface states and a narrow gap of 0.3 eV, ultrafast charge transport capability and infrared light absorption capability are both observed in Bi₂Se₃, making it a research hotpot for new optoelectronic devices. In this paper, Bi₂Se₃ thin films were electrochemically deposited on ITO substrates in an acidic electrolyte solution by the potentiostat deposition method. The growth conditions of Bi₂Se₃ thin films were determined by the control variable method as pH 0.2-0.8, deposition potential -0.15 V vs. Ag/AgCl, and deposition time 1 h. Meanwhile, the structure and morphology of Bi₂Se₃ thin films were studied by field emission transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, and other characterization techniques. Finally, the photoresponse characteristic of Bi₂Se₃ thin films was studied, and the influence of the annealing process on its photoelectric characteristic was investigated. The test results show that the annealed Bi₂Se₃ thin film has good photoelectric performance in the near-infrared band. The responsivity and specific detectivity are about 6.3×10^-5 A/W and 2.9×10⁶ cmHz^0.5/W, respectively.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is a natural polymer material with renewable and degradable properties. In this current study, based on the outstanding physical properties of graphene oxide (GO), CNCs-GO highly ordered layered structures are prepared by vacuum filtration method to improve the mechanical strength and hydrophobic properties of CNCs films. The experimental results show that when the mass fraction of graphene is 4%, the tensile strength of CNCs-GO layered film reaches a maximum of 204.4 MPa, which is 58.8% higher than that of the original CNCs film. The elastic modulus of layered films increases first and then decreases with the increase of GO mass fraction. The accuracy of mechanical test results is verified by analyzing the microstructure and dynamic thermo-mechanical properties of layered films. The contact angles of CNCs films and CNCs-GO layered films are measured, and it is found that the hydrophobic properties of the layered films are significantly improved due to the interaction between the hydrogen bond network of CNCs and the free hydroxyl groups on the GO surface.

A series of poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ) containing pendant phenyl groups (PPES-P) were synthesized from 4-(3-phenyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-phthalazin-1-one, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-phthalazin-1-one and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone. Sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone) containing pendant phenyl groups (SPPES-P) were prepared from PPES-P with concentrated sulfuric acid as the sulfonating agent. The ion exchange capacity(IEC) of SPPES-P was obtained by titration method and theoretical calculation. The chemical structure of PPES-P and SPPES-P were characterized with 1H-NMR and FI-IR. SPPES-P proton exchange membranes with different IEC values were prepared. SPPES-P membranes exhibited moderate water uptake and low swelling. SPPES-P membranes showed high oxidative stability and low methanol permeability. The methanol permeability values of SPPES-P membranes ranged from 7.34×10-8 cm2?s-1 to 1.2×10-7 cm2?s-1, which were much lower than that of Nafion117 membrane (1.04×10-6 cm2?s-1) under the same test condition. The proton conductivities of SPPES-P membranes increased with the increase of IEC and temperature. The proton conductivity of SPPES-P100 membrane reached 1.4×10-2 S?cm-1 at 95 oC.

Fuel cells have potential application in the areas of transportation, stationary and distributed power generation, and portable power sources. In response to environment pollution and limited natural resources, new alternative energy conversion mode has been developed in fuel cells. However, traditional proton conducting materials, such as inorganic acid and organic molecule, generally have low temperature conductivity, high humidity dependence, ambiguously structure-property relationship. The development of fuel cell has been seriously limited because of these deficiencies. Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) are a new kind of porous crystalline materials with many advantages such as designable structure, modifiable skeleton, large specific surface area and adjustable porosity. Owing to these excellent properties, MOFs show outstanding performance and potential application in the field of proton conduction. In this review, the research progress of high performance proton conduction of MOFs is discussed. Two conduction mechanisms as Grotthuss and Vehicle are introduced. The Grotthuss mechanism is based on the proton transferring process. Hydrogen network has been fabricated through water molecule and provides as pathway to transfer proton. Whereas, the Vehicular mechanism should be ascribed to self-diffusive transport of proton carrier molecules. According to the operating conditions, proton-conducting MOFs can be divided into two types. One works under humidity condition. Proton conduction MOFs based on oxalic acid, carboxylic acid, phosphonic and sulfonic acid have been systematically described. Several strategies can be exploited such as modifying MOFs with functional groups. The high conductivity could be obtained. The other part employs at anhydrous environment. Organic heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen are loaded into the MOFs channel. The conductivity and work temperature could be improved through this method. Finally, the current issues of high proton conduction MOFs materials is summarized and discussed. The future development is also prospected. This review will provide reference for the design and synthesis of proton conduction MOFs materials with excellent performance.

A novel photoresponsive SP-COOH/PAN fiber material for regulating humidity was prepared by physically doping N-carboxyspiropyran (SP-COOH) with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and electrospinning technique. The wettability and surrounding humidity of electrospun films could be reversibly adjusted by alternating UV-visible light irradiation due to the photoisomerization of spiropyran molecule. Under UV light irradiation, spiro C-O bond would be broken and SP-COOH molecules exhibited a colored polar ring-opened status, which were easy to form electrostatic attraction with water molecules. Whereas under visible light irradiation, the spiro C-O bond reunited, presenting a colorless, non-polar ring-closed molecule that was less attracted to water molecules. Such polarity transition could reversibly manipulate the wettability of the material surface and then be applied to regulating surrounding humidity. The results show that the variation range of the wettability of the fiber material under the ultraviolet-visible alternating irradiation had a positive relationship with the range of humidity adjustment, and they both became larger as the doping amount of SP-COOH increased. When the doping amount of SP-COOH was 4%, the wettability of the material surface could only change about 3.6° and the range of humidity adjustment was about ± 2.2%. However, the wettability of the material surface could change about 16.0 ° and the range of humidity adjustment was about ± 6% when the doping amount of SP-COOH was 10%. In addition, electrospinning technology was versatile, easy-to-operate and applicable to large-scale surfaces, which was advantageous for the application of such film materials in actual life.

The diamond-graphene hybrid/composite materials have both the excellent properties of diamond and graphene, and are importantly applied in the fields of energy storage, optoelectronics, and biosensors. In recent years, a lot of researches have been devoted to the formation process of such materials, but the growth mechanism remains unclear. In this paper, nitrogen-doped ultra-nanodiamond-graphene hybrid films were prepared by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) method using small organic molecule diisopropylamine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. The micromorphologies and phase compositions of the hybrid films were analyzed in detail by means of SEM, TEM, Raman, and XRD. Combined with the in-situ monitoring of the changes of group species and content during growth by plasma emission spectroscopy (OES), the possible growth mechanism was proposed, which provides a theoretical basis for regulating the microstructure and properties of nitrogen-doped ultra-nanodiamond-graphene hybrid films.

The hydrophilic and oleophobic materials have better separation effect for low concentration of oil-bearing wastewater. Superhydrophilic and underwater superhydrophobic PVDF/polydopamine/diethyltriamine (PVDF/PDA/DETA) membranes were prepared by impregnating hydrophobic PVDF membranes with a certain mass ratio of dopamine hydrochloride (DA)/diethyltriamine (DETA) mixed solution.The modified membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that PDA and DETA had been successfully loaded onto the PVDF membrane surface. The influences of impregnation time and mass ratio of DA to DETA on the surface wettability of the modified membrane were investigated, and the pure water flux, oil-water separation efficiency, repeat utilization rate and stability of the modified membrane were tested. The results showed that when the impregnation time was 12 h and the mass ratio of DA to DETA was 1∶1, the modified membranes had the best superhydrophilic and underwater superhydrophobic properties.The contact angle of underwater diesel oil and n-hexane reached 146.1°and 151.6°, respectively. Compared with the pristine PVDF membranes, the pure water flux increased by 12.67 times, showing excellent separation performance for various oil-water mixtures. After 5 times of oil-water separation, the separation efficiency can still reach over 95%. After soaked in solutions with different pH values for 12 h, the contact angle of underwater diesel was still greater than 140°, showing excellent reusable performance and stability.

Ordered porous carbon membrane materials (OPCM) were prepared by using mesoporous molecule sieves SBA-15 as template and polyimide as precursor via a combined process involving the blending, membrane-forming, pyrolysis and template removal steps. The thermal stability of precursor, functional groups on membrane surface, structural morphology and microstructure were respectively characterized by the techniques of thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The microstructure and morphology of membranes before and after SBA-15 removal, as well as the gas separation performance of OPCM, were investigated. Results have shown that the gas separation factors significantly exceed the Knudsen diffusion, when the OPCM was fabricated under the condition of pyrolysis temperature of 650 ℃ and the content of SBA-15 of 1%.

With the advantages of negative electron affinity energy, high thermal conductivity and extreme chemical inertness, diamond thin films have attracted much attention as field emission materials. This paper reviewed the classification of diamond films, introduced the negative electron affinity properties of hydrogenated diamond films, analyzed the factors affecting the field emission characteristics of diamond films, listed the optimization direction of field emission characteristics, and summarized the performance of field emission cathode obtained by diamond films combined with other materials reported in the literature. It is of great significance to analyze and improve field emission performance of diamond thin film devices.

When polymer materials contact with blood, thrombus is formed on the surface of the material, and the requirements of anticoagulation cannot be met. Heparin or heparin-like substances can be immobilized on the polymer materials by appropriate methods to improve the antithrombogenicity of the materials. In this paper, the methods for improving the blood compatibility of polymer materials were summarized, and the characteristics and strengths of heparinized/heparin-like polymer membrane materials were described. The paper focused on the introduction of the research progress of the heparinized/heparin-like anticoagulant polymer membrane materials on its preparation and production methods, and the further research direction of heparin-like polymer membrane materials was prospected.

The CNC/PAN composite nanofiber film with high porosity and pure water permeability was prepared by simple electrospinning technology, using concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolyzed skim cotton with high mechanical strength and crystallinity as the reinforcing phase, and combining with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with good thermal stability and chemical stability. The effect of CNC addition on the properties of the film was investigated through various characterizations, and the results showed that compared with pure PAN, the CNC/PAN composite nanofiber film had good thermal stability, better mechanical properties and hydrophilicity. The changes of thickness, porosity and permeation flux of pure water before and after the use of the film were explored, the oil-water separation performance of the film was analyzed, and its application in the field of water treatment was expanded.

To measure the heat flow signal of the high temperature aeronautics and astronautics irregular surface, a flexible atomic layer thermopile heat flow sensor was proposed. MgO thin films with inclined texture were grown by inclined substrate deposition technique, and thermoelectric YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ thin films were successfully epitaxial grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique. Its thermoelectric performance was tested by pulsed laser, and the response time reached 196 ns.

FeCoNiMnY films were prepared by electrochemical deposition. Their properties were characterized by XRD, VSM, and VNA. The effects of different Y element concentrations on the phase change, soft magnetic properties, and noise suppression were studied. The results show that element Y increases coercivity (from 12.09 kA/m to 21.7 kA/m) caused by grain growth. In addition, the lattice distortion induced by the addition of element Y increases the resistivity of high-entropy films (up to 336 μΩ mm). The maximum power loss ratio of FeCoNiMnY high-entropy films could reach 0.84 at 6.1 GHz. The above results indicate that the FeCoNiMnY noise suppression sheet has great potential in anti-EMI applications at gigahertz frequencies.

Using carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and polyethylene glycol as raw materials, a porous network structure was formed through cross-linking and gel, and a pH responsive gel membrane was prepared. The sample obtained antibacterial properties by soaked in tannic acid solution, and the microstructure, swelling properties, in vitro drug release, antioxidant properties, and antibacterial properties of the antibacterial membrane were characterized. The results show that the prepared antibacterial membrane has a good porous structure. The carboxyl group on carboxymethyl cellulose sodium endows the antibacterial membrane with certain pH responsiveness, which makes it exhibit anisotropic swelling and drug release in vitro at different pH values. After drug loading, the antioxidant capacity of the sample increases to 91.33%, and the antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reaches more than 90%. This antibacterial film has great application prospects in drug sustained-release dressings and other fields.

To achieve high electromagnetic shielding performance while reducing reflection is the current pursuit of electromagnetic shielding materials. The Fe₃O₄ nanosheet with the transverse size of 30-40 μm, the thickness of 70-200 nm was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, finding that Fe₃O₄ nanosheet have a good crystallinity. By changing the content of Fe₃O₄ nanosheet, the reflection value of Fe₃O₄/MXene/WPU composite film prepared by spraying was as low as 4.3 dB, the reflection power (R) was reduced from 0.81 to 0.63, and the transmission power (T) was only 10^-3 orders of magnitude. Fe₃O₄ nanospheres with a diameter of 180-200 nm was prepared by using a hydrothermal method and had a good dispersion. The longitudinal comparison under the same Fe₃O₄ content demonstrated that the electromagnetic shielding performance of the composite film containing Fe₃O₄ nanospheres was slightly higher than that of the composite film containing Fe₃O₄ nanospheres.

The work aims to explore the effects of microcrystalline cellulose/gelatin on heat sealing, mechanics and thermal stability performance of starch composite films with a view to improving the comprehensive properties of starch-based films. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose/gelatin (MCC/GL) was used as enhancement phase to prepare microcrystalline cellulose/gelatin/starch film (MCC/GL/ST) by solution casting method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermo gravimetric analysis (TG) were used to analyze the films of apparent morphology and thermal stability, and the mechanical properties and heat sealing properties of starch films were characterized by heat sealing instrument and universal material tension. The result shows that compared with that of microcrystalline cellulose/starch film (MCC/ST), in microcrystalline cellulose/gelatin (2∶8)/starch film (MCC/GL/ST-2), heat sealing strength was increased by 352.9% and tensile strength was increased to 9.12 MPa. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows that there is a hydrogen bond interaction between MCC and GL, and the film barrier performance improves with the decrease of gelatin addition. The DSC and TG curves show that MCC/GL/ST-2 has good thermal stability, which can meet the heat sealing processability and ensure its stable performance.

Supramolecular liquid crystalline polymeric complexes have been obtained by the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the benzoic acid (6OBA) and the pyridyl moieties (6SzMA). After mixing with 20 wt% crosslinking agent (C6H), polymer membranes with regularly ordered channels are obtained by in-situ photopolymerization under planar alignment condition. The polymer membrane could be applied for anhydrous proton conduction since the regularly ordered hydrogen-bonding channels are beneficial for the transportation of protons. Furthermore, the proton conductivities could be significantly enhanced by introducing H₃PO₄. The hydrogen bonds, liquid crystalline properties, microstructure and anhydrous proton conductivities of the functional membranes are characterized by FT-IR, POM, TGA, DSC, 2D-SAXS, high-resolution TEM and EIS. The results show that the formation of hydrogen bonds between 6OBA and 6SzMA molecules induces smectic phase, and the addition of the crosslinking agent has no significant effect on the liquid crystalline phase. After polymerization, the layered structure is fixed and the regularly arranged nano-scale ordered channels are obtained. The proton conduction is along the hydrogen bonding networks, achieving 7.1×10^-9 S/cm at 170 ℃ under anhydrous condition. H₃PO₄ is induced into the membrane to improve the proton conduction. 6SzMA is protonated by H₃PO₄ and new hydrogen bonding networks are formed, which facilitates the transportation of the protons. The sufficient proton source and the enhanced hydrogen bonding networks make the conductivity significantly improve by over 4 orders of magnitude, reaching 3.2 × 10^-4 S/cm at 170 ℃.

A perovskite solar cell absorbing layer CH₃NH₃PbI₃ thin film was prepared using a one-step spin coating method. Urea was added during the preparation of the absorbing layer, and the effect of urea doping on the phase structure and microstructure of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ thin films was studied, as well as on the photoelectric performance of perovskite solar cells assembled. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis, PL and J-V curves. The results showed that the addition of appropriate amount of urea increased the crystallinity of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ film, improved its orientation and coverage, and reduced the number of pores and cracks. When the doping amount of urea was 10 mol%, the grain size of the film was the most uniform and the crystallization performance was the best. All CH₃NH₃PbI₃ thin films have absorption edges around 780 nm and a bandgap width of 1.5 eV. The addition of appropriate amount of urea improved the absorbance and emission peak intensity of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ film. With the increase of urea doping amount, the absorbance and emission peak intensity of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ film first increased and then decreased. When the doping amount of urea was 10 mol%, the absorption property of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ film was the best, and the emission peak intensity was the highest. 30 perovskite solar cells were assembled using CH₃NH₃PbI₃ thin films with different levels of urea doping, and the J-V curves were tested. When the doping amount of urea was 10 mol%, the cell had the best photoelectric performance, and its solar-cell efficiency reached the maximum of 20.61%. The above analysis shows that the optimal doping amount of urea is 10 mol%.

Anti-freezing additive is a kind of admixture which has the function of removing snow and ice in the asphalt pavement instead of the mineral aggregate with different particle size in the asphalt mixture. Domestic similar products fall short of slow release performance, and generally lack of long-term effect. In order to enhance the sustained release effect of anticoagulant ice cream, in this experiment, the technology of pesticide and chemical fertilizer coating were used. The conditions of coating method, dilution ratio, particle size of large salt and curing temperature were studied, and the following conclusions were drawn: large grain salt with particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm, the dilution ratio between epoxy resin and cyclohexanone of 4∶1, epoxy resin of 30% as curing agent, and curing at 100 ℃. The solution was not add modified salt storage carrier but particle surface was coated with a layer of modified storage carrier. The anticoagulant ice agent prepared under these conditions had a good sustained release effect.

Starch is a natural polymer material composed of α-glucose molecules with a wide range of sources, and mainly in the roots and stems of plants. It is inexpensive, renewable and biodegradable. The preparation of natural degradable plastic films from starch is of great significance to solve the problem of environmental pollution. Compared with starch-based materials, synthetic thermoplastic polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene have disadvantages such as irritating odor, non-biodegradable and polluting the environment. Biodegradable thermoplastic materials made from starch have become a hot research topic for researchers. In this paper the structure and properties of starch is described, together with the plasticization methods, the ways to improve the barrier and mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch. Also the research progress and the outlook of thermoplastic starch-based materials are summarize.

In this research, surface modification of CNC was carried out to improve the interfacial bonding between CNC and keratin. The aldehyde group was introduced into CNC by sodium periodate oxidation method. Aldehyde group was introduced into CNC to react with amino group on keratin, thus establishing crosslinking bonds between CNC and keratin. The enhanced interfacial interaction between filler and matrix resulted from chemical bonding between DCNC and keratin molecules also played an important role in improving the performance of the nanocomposites, which led to a more effective stress transfer at the interface. The drug release profiles of the obtained DCNC/keratin composites were also investigated. It was found that the pure keratin film showed a burst release of the loaded drug, which was not suitable for use as drug carrier. However, DCNC/keratin composites showed a sustained release of drug, which could be an ideal drug carrier to be used as wound healing patch.

In order to ensure the normal operation and safety at work of electronic equipment, the research on thermal management of electronic components has continued increasing in recent years. Graphite film produced with polyimide (PI) as the substrate is an important thermal conductivity material, and its thermal conductivity can be improved through doping modification. Compared with solid thermal conductive filler, ionic liquid has better compatibility with polyimide matrix, and has been commonly used in gas separation membrane, colorless polyimide (CPI) and other applications. This article used 4, 4′-diaminobenzoylanilide (DABA) and 3, 3′, 4, 4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) as monomers, and modified PI films by using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide(IL) that had the characteristic of multiple hydrogen bond sites. Then, high thermal conductivity graphite film was prepared by graphitization. The research results show that when the IL content is 5.0 wt%, the grain size of the graphite film is 78.417 nm, the degree of graphitization reaches 88%, and the thermal conductivity reaches 770 W/mK, which is 1.53 times that of the pure PI cornerstone ink film.

In this paper, the first principle method based on density functional theory is used to calculate the electronic structure, magnetic moment, and charge density and differential charge density of the thin film growth system whose epitaxial relation is CoSi (001)//MgO (001). The results show that when the lattice constants a and b of CoSi crystal are set as 0 .84224 nm and C =0.28135 nm, the energy of the system is the lowest and the most stable equilibrium state is reached. It can be seen from the spin polarization band diagram, total electron state density and fractal density that the guide band bottom and valence band top of the CoSi epitaxial film overlap significantly, thus showing the gold property and producing obvious spin cracking phenomenon near the Fermi level. The valence band top is mainly composed of THE 3d⁷ state electrons of Co, while the conduction band bottom is mainly composed of the 3p state electrons of Si. At the same time, it can be seen from the state density that the phenomenon of pseudo energy gap is generated. The Co-3d state electrons not only mainly contribute to the state density, but also are speculated to be the main factor for the magnetic generation of the film. According to the calculated Mulliken charge and charge density, electrons are transferred from Si to Co, and Co ACTS as the electron acceptor, forming an anti-bonding state between Co and Si, and forming a covalent bond structure between Co and Si. The CoSi under this epitaxial relationship is ferromagnetic and the total magnetic moment is 0.52 μB.

The plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings (PEO coatings) with corrosion protection and insulation properties were prepared on copper alloy by aluminate electrolyte system. The microstructure and structural composition of the PEO coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffrotometer (XRD). The corrosion protection of the PEO coatings were evaluated by electrochemical and salt spray corrosion test. The leakage current and voltage of the PEO coatings under AC and DC conditions were measured by puncture tester. The results show the PEO coatings on copper alloy surface tends to grow outward in form of electrolyte deposition. As the oxidation voltage increased, more of the copper alloys were oxidized, and the PEO coatings was thicker. The corrosion current density decreased by 3 orders of magnitude compared with copper substrate, and no obvious corrosion products were found after 732 h neutral salt spray test. The breakdown voltage in DC and AC modes were increased to 750V and 600V respectively. The PEO coatings prepared in high voltage had higher growth rate and showed excellent corrosion resistance and insulation performance.

Single-ion conductor lithium poly (4-styrenesulfonyl (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide) (LiPSTFSI) was synthesized through a series of reactions using sodium 4-styrenesulfonate as raw material. Then it was blended with PEO according to different EO/Li⁺ to synthesize single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte membrane. The results show that PEO/LiPSTFSI electrolyte membrane has good thermal stability at 270 ℃. At 60 ℃, the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte membrane (EO/Li⁺=16) is 1.94 ×10 ^-5 S/ cm, and the Li⁺ transference number is more than 0.85, which is close to the lithium single ion conductor. At the same time, the electrolyte membrane showed good electrochemical stability and interface performance.

Proanthocyanidins (OPC) extracted from natural plants was used as free radical trapping agent and blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The PVA/OPC composite films were produced by solution casting. The thermodynamic stability of the composite films was measured by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). The properties of UV shielding and light transmission were investigated using double-beam UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis). And the crystalline properties were characterized using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results show that the addition of OPC inhibited the crystallization of PVA, the thermal stability and the melt processing window of the composite films were effectively improved by adding 1.0%-2.0% OPC. And the PVA/OPC composites films exhibited excellent mechanical properties, light transmittance and UV shielding properties.

Transition metal-carbon/nitride (MXene) is a two-dimensional nano-layered material with high electrochemical activity, high conductivity, high bulk density and excellent mechanical flexibility, which makes it widely used in the field of supercapacitors. However, Mxene is prone to self-stacking, which affects its performance as an electrode material. In this paper, persimmon tannin (PT) was doped into Ti₃C₂T_x Mxene through solvent heat treatment, suction filtration and other steps to prepare Ti₃C₂T_x/PT composite film material, and its morphology, structure and electrochemical performance were characterized in detail, which proved that a little PT doping can effectively improve the stacking property of Ti₃C₂T_x, make electrolyte ions diffuse rapidly, and is conducive to the improvement of composite film capacitance. However, the excessive introduction of PT will reduce the capacitance performance. The electrochemical test results show that when the current density is 1 A/g, the mass-specific capacitance of the Ti₃C₂T_x/PT_0.01 composite film electrode reaches 448 F/g, which is 23.8% higher than that of the undoped Ti₃C₂T_x film and shows better rate capability. The PT doping strategy proposed in this paper is proven as an effective means to improve the performance of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene capacitors. This strategy is expected to be further extended to other similar two-dimensional nanomaterials in the future.

A colorless and transparent crosslinked polymer film with high elastic state is quickly prepared by polyethylene glycol 2000 diacrylate (PEGDA-2000) and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) onto POSS-SH via click reaction using UV initiator. The polymer film has certain absorbability for some solvents, and its absorbability rate are calculated. Its thermal stability T_d5% reaches 300 ℃. The polymer is a hydrophobic and oil-philic film with better stability and durability in neutral and acidic environments. The critical point of oil flux of the hydrophobic and oil-philic composite press cloth appears at 17 s, at which the average oil flux before the critical point of oil-water mixture is 15 651 L/(m²·h), and the separation efficiency reaches 96%.