30 June 2016, Volume 47 Issue 6

    

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Focuses & Concerns
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  Treatment of toluene/benzene waste gas in an amplified biotrickling filter

  CHEN Yingwen, LI Bing, WANG Xiaojun, NIU Qian, YANG Qian, LI Lin, SHEN Shubao

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6001-6005. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.001

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  In this study, an amplified biotrickling filter (BTF) that had been used to treat toluene previously was established to treat waste gas containing benzene or benzene/toluene. The benzene purification efficiency, benzene degradation ability of different bed, the short-term stagnation,the degradation relation of benzene/toluene waste gas and microbial commumity structure were examined. Results reveals that the benzene purification efficiency was above 80% when the gas flow rate was 8 m³/h and benzene was below0.4 g/m³, the benzene degradation efficiency of the first bed was more than 90% of total bed degradation efficiency. There was no damage effect on the performance of BTF even though the BTF had been stagnated for 1, 2, or 4 d. when the toluene concentration was 0.3 g/m³, a certain inhibiting effect could be examined to benzene. The benzene purification efficiency was maintain 70% eventually, more microorganism species were examined in the surface of volcanic rock.
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  The influence of Bi³⁺-doping on the luminescence properties of (Y,Gd)AG phosphors

  LI Xiaodong, LIU Yuanyi, LI Yanan, JI Chunming

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6006-6009. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.002

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  Bi³⁺-doped [(Y_0.5Gd_0.5-x-0.005)Bi_xCe_0.005]₃Al₅O₁₂ phosphor powders were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method at high temperatures. The synthesized powders were analyzed by XRD, SEM, PL-PLE and FL. The results show that phase-pure garnet (Y,Gd)AG can be obtained upon calcination at 1 400 ℃ for 4 h. The resultant [(Y_0.5Gd_0.5-x-0.005)Bi_xCe_0.005]₃Al₅O₁₂ powders show well-defined morphology and are dispersed. Upon excitation at 469 nm, the phosphor powders show strong yellow emission at 563 nm. When Bi³⁺-doping concentration was 0.001 mol, the emission intensity of the phosphor powder had a maximum value and was improved by a factor of 0.56. The observed emission enhancement can be ascribed to Bi³⁺→Ce³⁺ energy transfer and the improvement of the powder crystallinity upon Bi³⁺-doping. The fluorescent lifetime of the phosphors first increased and then decreased with increasing Bi³⁺-doping concentration.
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  Study on the selective oxidation of the C-6-hydroxyl of chitosan by laccase-TEMPO system to improve antioxidant capability of the product

  PEI Jicheng, YIN Yunbei, HU Wen, BU Xin, SHEN Zhenghui, ZHANG Fangdong

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6010-6015. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.003

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  Research adopting laccase-TEMPO system to selectively oxidise the C-6-hydroxyl of chitosan, the FT-IR, ¹³C NMR, Na⁺ chromatogram and TGA were used to characterize oxidation products, and further to study its antioxidant capability. Results showed that the C-6-hydroxyl of chitosan were selectively oxidised to carboxyl, and other basic structure unchanged, the product is sodium salt of oxidised chitosan; compared to the oxidation product of chitosan with the original, can improve the thermal stability; after standing for 5 min, the oxidation product of chitosan provided an ABTS·⁺ radical scavenging ability of 66.36%, indicate that antioxidant capability of the oxidation product was improved.
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  Synthesis and anticorrosive properties of waterborne isocyanate functionalized graphene/polyurethane nanocomposite emulsion

  ZHU Ke, LI Xiaorui, LI Jingyi, FEI Guiqiang, WANG Jiao

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6016-6021. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.004

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  Waterborne isocyanate functionalized graphene/polyurethane nanocomposite emulsion has been prepared through step by step polymerization reaction, which isocyanate functionalization of graphene is grafted to the water-borne polyurethane chain section. Fourier transform infared spectrometer (FT-IR), atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the structures of GO,IGN, WPU and IGN/WPU; the effect of IGN content on the properties of composite emulsion as metal anti-corrosion coating was systematically studied. The results show that hardness, barrier property to vapor and anticorrosive efficiency of the composite coating increases as IGN content is increasing. When m(IGN)=1wt%, the coating hardness up to 2 h, water vapor transmittance decreased to 51.98 g/(m²·h), anticorrosive efficiency increased by 94.70% compared with blank sample.
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  High and low temperature rheological properties of polyphosphoric acid modified asphalt binder

  LI Chao, WU Di, WANG Zihao, WANG Lan

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6022-6028. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.005

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  Through three index test, dynamic shear rheological test (DSR) and trabecular bending creep stiffness test (BBR), studied different proportion of polyphosphoric acid (PPA) separate modified asphalt the high and low temperature rheological properties, and compared with the matrix asphalt and SBS modified asphalt.The results show that: with the increase of PPA dosage, PPA separate modified asphalt softening point improve, penetration decreases, PPA is improve more obvious to the physical properties of asphalt; DSR tests indicate that, the high temperature performance can use 1%PPA instead of 4%SBS modified asphalt, almost every 0.5% increase in dosage of PPA, the high temperature PG level will raise a level; For PPA modified asphalt performance at low temperature, the trend of temperature in the positive zone can't extension to the negative temperature zone; Ductility test experiments, In the positive temperature zone, with the increase of the admixture of coal with PPA, the negative impact of PPA modified asphalt performance at low temperature increased, the low temperature performance of SBS modified asphalt is better than that of PPA modified asphalt;BBR tests indicate that, In the negative temperature zone, matrix asphalt, PPA modified asphalt and SBS4% modified asphalt in different temperature range of the low temperature resistance to deformation ability is different.
Reveiw & Advance
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  Advance in preparing functional carbon nanomaterials using organic wastes and its electrochemical applications

  CAO Yue, SUN Han, CHEN Yunzhi, CHEN Xutao, FENG Leiyu

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6029-6036. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.006

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  In recent years, carbon nanomaterials have raised sustained and widespread concern for their unique electronic, optical and mechanical properties. In the field of synthesizing carbon nanomaterials, researchers have been working to seek renewable carbon sources and green preparation routes. So far, it is an emerging strategy to prepare carbon nanomaterial through organic wastes. Based on this method, heteroatoms (N, P and O) abundant in organic waste can be utilized effectively, which will not only improve physicochemical properties of the as-prepared carbon nanomaterials but also make the products show excellent performance in electrochemical applications. In this work, the research progress of the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials using organic wastes, the influence of properties of carbon sources as well as preparation conditions on the carbon nanomaterials were reviewed, then the applications in electrochemical catalysis and storage were briefly introduced, and finally the current research bottlenecks were pointed out and the future research directions were predicted.
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  Research progress of direct solution coating method for CZTSSe thin film preparation

  LI Jiahui, YAO Ruohe, XIONG Chao, LIU Yurong

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6037-6042. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.007

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  As one kind of non-vacuum method, direct solution coating(DSC) is great promising for copper zinc tin sulfur selenium (CZTSSe) thin film preparation since it can readily control the ratio of elements, has high material utilization and facilitates large area preparation. In this paper, the characteristics of DSC are introduced, the methods of slurry, sol-gel, organic-solution and hydrazine-solution for CZTSSe thin film preparation in recent years are reviewed from morphology, residual impurities and phase. Furthermore, different reaction mechanisms of respective methods are analyzed, and the existing problems are discussed. Grain size and density are difficult to improve and phase separation can not be suppressed easily since thin film prepared by slurry method depends on high temperature sintering. Organics that applied to sol-gel and organic-solution methods retard phase transformation and lead to residual impurities.
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  Progress of research on metal oxides morphology control and its effect on performance

  ZHENG Zhilin, HE Xiaowei, ZHAO Jiawei, JI Ting, GENG Wangchang

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6043-6051. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.008

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  In recent years, metal oxide morphology control has made great achievements. It’s vital to control the morphology of metal oxide to improve its performance, which was proved from the application of sensing material, lithium-ion batteries, super capacitors, bio-sensing materials, catalysts, etc. In this paper, the process of the preparation of several typical morphologies and its formation principle was summed up, and an overview of the control methods for general morphology was introduced.
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  Preparation of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation graphite

  LIU Xianjun, CUI Baochen, LIU Shuzhi, MA Qing, WANG Baohui

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6052-6055. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.009

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  Graphene with unique properties and wide potential applications has received considerable attention in recent years. Material preparation is the study of its performance and to explore its application premise and foundation. Liquid-phase exfoliation graphite is one of the most potentially up-scalable motheds for the bulk production of graphene. Here, we introduce the current development present situation and the existing problems of preparation of grapheme by directly liquid-phase exfoliation of original graphite. Particularly, we focus on organic solvents assisted exfoliation and surfactant assisted exfoliation two major classes successful liquid-phase exfoliation methods, to provide references for the successful production of high quality graphene by means of liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite.
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  Characteristics, development bottlenecks and countermeasures of straw-based building materials

  REN Yizhe, GU Yueyan, YANG Xinyi, CHEN Jinxiang

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6056-6062. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.010

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  This essay first briefly introduced the necessity of developing straw-based building material and the production process. Then, characteristics and advantages of straw-based building materials were emphasized: (1) it has good thermal insulation performance so that buildings constructed by it could perform well in thermal insulation and energy saving. It also harbors properties like earthquake-resistance, fire-resistance, noise-insulation and it volatiles less harmful substances; (2) the output of straw is large and it has short production circle and low cost. Meanwhile, straw is widely used and it provides convenience for construction. Thus, propelling straw-based building materials is not only eco-friendly but also provided with attractive social and economic benefits. Finally, where lies the bottleneck of developing straw-based building materials was pointed out and some specific methods were put forward such as beefing up research and development of heat-insulation and environmentally friendly materials with the help of bionic tactics of propaganda along with promoting its development by perfecting purchase, setting up product standards, strengthening the public popularization and propaganda.
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  Synthesis and catalytic applications of metallic hollow nanostructures

  SU Yanqiu, YU Xiaofei, LI Lanlan, ZHAO Jianling

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6063-6070. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.011

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  Due to its unique structures, excellent properties, and wide applications, metallic hollow nanostructures have become one of the hottest fields of research and development of nanomaterials. So far, a lot of fabrication approaches have been reported, and all kinds of metallic hollow nanostructures with special physical and chemical properties have been prepared. Although these reported methods have their advantages to produce metallic hollow nanostructures, most of them have their disadvantages too. Moreover, there are also some unsolved problems and challenges in the synthesis field of metallic hollow nanomaterials. This paper reviews the recent advances of metallic hollow nanostructures, including a variety of preparation methods, and the corresponding principles, advantages and disadvantages. At the end, we close with a brief survey of the application of metallic hollow nanostructures in electrocatalysis.
Research & Development
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  Effect of VGCF on the properties of co-cured composite with nonwoven fabric modified by PVDF

  NI Nannan, WEN Yuefang, YI Xiaosu, XU Yahong

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6071-6075. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.012

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  Nanocarbon materials have aroused great attention due to their unique extraordinary physical properties and electrical and thermal properties. Composites combining nanocarbon materials and resins together exhibit excellent mechanical properties and high viscoelastic damping as a result of more interfaces introduced into composites. The paper was mainly studying the effect of nano-material VGCF on the properties of structural damping composites prepared by the co-cured method with polyamide nonwoven fabric (PNF) coated with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).The effects of VGCF on dynamic mechanical and damping properties of this composites were estimated through dynamic mechanical temperature spectra measured by DMA. In addition, the loss factor under different frequency,the conductive resistance in 3 directions and the impact toughness were studied through forced resonance experiment, electrical resistivity tests,pendulum impact experiments and observation of the microstructure with SEM. Results indicated that the damping and storage modulus could be improved by loading PVDF with VGCF on the nonwoven fabric with improvement of conductivity in 3 directions except impact toughness.
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  Magnonic crystal based on magnetization-modulated cylindrical nanowire

  WANG Mengning, LI Zhixiong, TANG Wei, NIE Yaozhuang, GUO Guanghua

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6076-6080. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.013

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  The characteristics of spin waves propagating in magnetization-modulated cylindrical nanowire are studied by micromagnetic simulations. The allowed and forbidden spin-wave bands are observed in the frequency spectra and dispersion curves. They are caused by the Bragg reflection of the spin wave modes at the Brillouin zone boundaries. The bandgaps can be effectively controlled by manipulating the period of magnonic crystal or the magnetization ratio. The results show that the number of bandgaps increases with the increase of the period, the bandgaps shift to lower frequency and the bandgap widths decrease. The enhancement of the magnetization modulation also displaces bandgap position toward the low frequency. While the variation of the bandgap widths displays complicated form and some bandgaps exhibit oscillation characteristic. The results presented here may find their use in designing magnonic devices.
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  Theeffect of rare earth salts on water-based methane adsorption material

  ZHANG Zengzhi, CHEN Xinglong, ZHANG Qi

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6081-6085. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.014

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  The core of the control gas explosion is to solve the problem of methane adsorption. A new material technology had been researched to reduce the concentration of gas then prevent the explosion of gas in this paper. A surfactant named AES mixed with water was determined as good methane absorbent through quantitative analyzing by gas chromatography and comprehensive analysis of the stability of different absorbents. Adding different types of soluble rare earth salts of five kinds of determined concentration into this absorbent,testing the volume fraction of methane in different solutions by using the head space gas chromatography. The experimental results show that the adsorption material had good effect on methane absorption. Meanwhile, the rare earth salts can promote AES solution to improve the solubility methane. And obtain the influence of different rare earth salts on critical micelle concentration of AES solution.
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  AFM morphology and crystalline region distribution of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers prepared by electrospinning

  CUI Xiaochen, YU Meijie, WANG Chengguo, MAO Qiong

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6086-6092. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.015

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  There have been a lot of deep researches about the electrospinning of PAN so far. But the works show different viewpoint about the PAN electrospinning and there is few researches about the ordered structure distribution of electrospun PAN fibers. The effects of electrospinning parameters in a wider range on the morphology and diameters of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers are studied in detail. The result shows that the solution concentration has the greatest effect on the fibers diameter. The fibers’ diameter increases swiftly from 288 to 3 469 nm with the PAN concentration increasing from 6% to 18wt%. Ultrasonic etching method, atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technology have been utilized to verify the nature structure of electrospun PAN fibers. The optimal ultrasonic etching conditions were explored. Combining all the results, it is deduced that there are many grooves arranging nearly perpendicular to the fiber axis on the surface of electrospun PAN fibers. The grooves are the amorphous regions (thickness: 20-35 nm) and the bulges are the relative ordered regions (thickness: 40-190 nm).
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  First principles study of magnetism and damping properties of Fe₂CrAl and FeCrAlSi alloys

  WU Jiayi, YANG Shiqing, TANG Mingjun, LIANG Taohua, HUANG Zhaohua

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6093-6097. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.016

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  The proposed parameters of Fe₂CrAl and FeCrAlSi, electronic density of states, magnetic moment and magnetic anisotropy energy, were calculated by using first-principles of density functional theory (DFT), generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW). The calculation results show that damping category of Fe₂CrAl and FeCrAlSi are ferromagnetic. Ferromagnetic damping comes from spin-orbit interaction and d orbitals hybridization effects between the transition metal atoms. The increase of total magnetic moment and the decrease of coercive force will cause that the ferromagnetic damping of FeCrAlSi was higher than Fe₂CrAl.
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  Hemocompatibility studies of polycaproactone surface grafted with biomimetic (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)

  HE Liu, MA Yuhao, HUANG Lei, ZHANG Songbai, CHEN Yuanwei, LUO Xianglin

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6098-6102. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.017

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  Biomimetic poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (poly(MPC)) brushes with various density were grafted to PCL membranes by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy and water contact angle were used to characterize the modified membranes. Compared with the pristine PCL membrane, the PMPC-grafted PCL membranes showed lower protein adsorption and suppressed platelet adhesion in some degree. At the same time, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) for the modified membranes was slightly increased. These results indicated that the surface biomimetic modification by grafting PMPC brushes rendered the PCL membranes with good blood compatibility.
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  Effect of dimer acid on rheological properties and stability of silicon oil-based magnetorheological fluid

  DING Ding, YAN Hua, YANG Jianjian, HU Zhide, WANG Xuemei, ZHANG Hansong, LIAO Zijun

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6103-6107. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.018

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  A novel silicon oil-based magnetorheological fluids was prepared with carbonyl iron powder for magnetic particles,dimer acids for surfactants. The magnetorheological properties were investigated with a controlled rate magnetorheometer. In addition, The effects of fatty acids on the stability of the magnetorheological fluid were investigated by sedimentation ratio. The results indicated that the dimer acid can not only change the rheological properties of magnetorheological fluid, but also boosts the stability of MRF settlement.
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  The effects ofaminoalkyl phosphates and their modified hydroxyapatites on MG 63 cell functions

  LIU Shuai, SUN Fuhua, JIANG Yirou, XIE Xingyi

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6108-6112. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.019

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  Omega-aminoalkyl sodium hydrogen phosphates (AAP-n-Na, n=2-6, representing the carbon number in the alkyl group) can be used to prepare hydroxyapatite (HA) hydrocolloids, which are new surface modifiers for HA and have no cytotoxicity as confirmed previously. In this study, the effects of AAP-n-Na and their modified HAs (Cn-HA, n=2-6) on the functions of human osteoblast-like MG 63 cells were further investigated. The results showed that the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) expressions in cells treated with 0.1% (w/v) APP-n-Na (n=3, 4 or 5) in the culture media were comparable to the expressions in the blank medium (DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum) as a negative control; and all AAP-n-Na’s (n=2-6) did not inhibit the calcium nodule formation. The extracts from corresponding Cn-HAs (prepared at 0.1 g/mL in the cell culture medium) did not significantly alter the ALP expression and calcium nodule formation in MG 63 cells as well, in comparison with the bare HA extract and the blank medium. These results imply that AAP-n-Na’s and their modified HAs are safe when used in bone grafting materials.
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  Preparation and performance study of double-layer cement-based absorbing materials

  ZHANG Xiuzhi, ZHANG Guodong, ZHOU Zhiliang, ZHOU Zonghui, CHEN Xin

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6113-6118. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.020

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  Double-layer cement-based absorbing materials were prepared by using expanded perlite as the impedance matching layer, carbon nanotube and ferrite as absorbing agent and performance of the absorbing materials was studied by space method and the far field (radar cross section) RCS method. The experimental results showed that: transmission efficiency of matching layer increases with the increase of dosage of expanded perlite and within the scope of the 8 to 18 GHz, transmission efficiency of samples mixed with 20% expanded perlite is ranged from 20%-60%; the absorbing performance of double-layer absorbing materials is superior to single-layer absorbing materials with the same thickness; When the dosage of expansive pearlite increases, wave absorption performance also increases; absorbing layer mixed with 0.15% carbon nanotubes and 10% FP type ferrite has excellent absorbing performance, and the best ratio of thickness of matching layer and absorbing layer is 3:1; When absorbing layer is mixed with 0.75% carbon nanotubes and 30% FP type ferrite, absorption performance of double-layer absorbing materials is worse than the same thickness of single-layer absorbing materials and the best ratio of thickness of matching layer and absorbing layer is 3:1, the peak of reflectivity is -31.0 dB, bandwidth below -7 dB is 10.66 GHz.
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  A study on the effects of degradation performance of magnesium alloy in Hank’s solution by anodization treatment

  ZHANG Chunyan, LIN Panni, YANG Mingbo, XU Chaoling

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6119-6124. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.021

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  The degradable performances of magnesium alloy in Hank’s solution after anodization treatment at different voltage were measured by electrochemical measurement technology and immersion test.The morphologies and chemical component of the anode oxide film before and after immersion in Hank’s solution were analyzed by SEM and EDS to discuss the degradation behavior in simulated body fluid. The results indicate that the average size of the pores on the oxide films were increased with the applied voltage, the film ablated with loosen and uneven surface when the voltage reached to 110 V. Anodize oxidation treatment increased the corrosion resistance of Mg substrate signicantly. Sample at 100 V anodization treatment exhibited largest coating resistance (R_f) and 90 V anodized sample has the highest charge transfer resistance (R_t) and polarization resistances (R_p). The anodized samples could postpone the degradation of magnesium alloy substrate about one week’s in Hank’s solution, whereafter the hydrogen evolution rates somewhat increased. The corrosion potential (E _corr) of the 110V anodized sample was more negative than the Mg substrate and the hydrogen evolution rates was higher than that of other coated samples after one week’s immersion. During the immersion, calcium phosphate was formed with the slow dissolution of anode oxide layer due to the Ca²⁺,HPO^2-₄ and PO^3-₄ deposition on the coated surface. The reaction products entered the pores of the coating and formed the non-porous surfaces.
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  Study on adsorption of uranium by immobilized Deinococcus radiodurans and volume reduction

  QIN Yilin, DONG Faqin, NIE Xiaoqin, ZHANG Wei, ZHOU Xian, XIE Jingyi

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6125-6129. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.022

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  Sodium alginate(SA) immobilized live Deinococcus radiodurans beads were used to investigate the adsorption and elution for uranium as well as the volume reduction by ashing and the chemical speciation of uranium in ashing. Results showed that the rate of adsorption would reach above 95% when the addition of SA immobilized D. radiodurans was 25 g/L, temperature was 25 ℃, pH was 3.5, and the initial uranium concentration of 50 mg/L. The maximum adsorption capacity of 103.82 mg/g (dry weight) when the initial uranium concentration of 100 mg/L. It could also be repeatedly used in multiple adsorption-desorption cycles that treatment by HCl adsorption capacity maintained after three cycles. The volume reduction results showed the SA immobilized D. radiodurans beads had a great weight reduction ratio by ashing process, which could reach about 254.4 times. The ashes were testing by SEM, EDS and XRD, It’s crystalline material, including CaCO₃, Ca(UO₂)(PO₄)·3H₂O and (Ca,U)(PO4)·2H₂O. Showed that uranium mainly combined with the phosphorus which in immobilized D. radiodurans cells and form clusters flocculent substance, after ashing it formation of crystalline phosphate of uranium.
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  Tribological behaviors of titanium alloy surface with different wettability in different mediums

  LIAN Feng, XIANG Qiukuan, ZANG Luping, ZHANG Huichen

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6130-6135. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.023

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  Ti6Al4V alloy surface with different wettability was built by modification with low surface energy and coating Nano-SiO₂ powders. Tribological performance was studied by SR-2M high speed reciprocating friction test machine in water (distilled water), seawater (artificial), and oil (hexadecane). It is shown that Ti6Al4V alloy surface can change from hydrophilic to hydrophobic by low surface energy modification or coating nano-SiO₂ powders, while the surfaces coated nano-SiO₂ contact angles and smallerroll have greater angles, and reduce the friction coefficient and wear loss (volume) more significantly. Friction coefficients reduced by 13%, 14% and 23%, and wear losses (volume) reduced by 65%, 24% and 76% respectively in water, seawater, and oil. Specimen in oil has the smallest friction coefficient and wear loss. The friction coefficient of specimen in seawater is smaller than that in water while the wear loss has the opposite phenomena. Friction coefficients and wear losses decrease as the increment of the friction velocity.
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  Effect of holes position on single crystal γ-TiAl alloy crack propagation based on molecular dynamics simulation

  LUO Dechun, RUI Zhiyuan, CAO Hui, CHEN Wenke, YAN Changfeng

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6136-6141. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.024

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  Molecular dynamics method has been applied to the research on the process of crack propagation of single crystal γ-TiAl, the atomic trajectory figure, energy evolution and the relationship between stress and strain were obtained after the holes position effect had been studied. The results indicate that the crack propagates quickly in the form of brittle cleavage until the material fractures when there is no hole model in the material and only one wave crest could be discovered in the energy curve; In the case of L=1.6 nm, the crack propagates in the form of brittle cleavage at first. Then, the propagation was inhibited by the hole, and dislocations emit around the hole. Next, micro cracks grow up by void nucleation. Finally, the coalescence and link-up between micro cracks and the main crack would turn into the main form of cracks propagation, and more wave crests could be discovered in energy curve; As for L=4.8 nm, the initial process of cracks propagations similar to the L=1.6 nm, but void nucleation, growth, coalescence and link-up with the main crack could not appear at the later stage; also, the emission direction of the first dislocation is different when crack tips have a different distance from holes.
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  Effects of aging temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg93Zn6Y1 with I phase

  WAN Diqing, LI Zhumin, YE Shuting

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6142-6145. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.025

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  The methods of optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,X-ray and spectroscopy analyzer were applied to study the microstructure of as-cast,solid solution treated,aging Mg93Zn6Y1 alloy The results show that the microstructure of as-cast Mg93Zn6Y1 consists of α-Mg phase and quasicrystal phase.After solid solution treatment,quasicrystal phase was fused and turn into particle from continuous network structure.After aging,quasicrystal particle precipitated in the grain boundary and quasicrystal particle appeared in the α-Mg grain.With aging temperature elevated,quasicrystal particle grown in the α-Mg grain,gradually become fishbone-like or multilateral shape.When the aging temperature was 300 ℃, most of quasicrystal phase particle uniformly distribute in the matrix.Through the measurement of hardness and anti-corrosion, it was found that the hardness and anti-corrosion performance rised through aging treatment.When the aging temperature was 300 ℃,the effect was best.
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  Study on MgO doped/composite Ba_0.55Sr_0.45TiO₃ ceramics

  ZHANG Mingwei, XIN Le

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6146-6151. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.026

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  MgO-doped Ba_0.55Sr_0.45TiO₃ ceramics were prepared by solid-state reaction technique and their phase compositions, microstructure and dielectric properties were syste matically characterized. Their dielectric peaks were markedly suppressed, broadened, and shifted to low tempe ratures with increasing MgO content, indicating that certain amount of Mg²⁺ incorporated into BST lattice. The reason why the loss tangent at microwave frequencies increased with the addition of MgO at low concentrations was identified. The decrease in loss tangent at microwave frequencies of the samples with high contents of MgO was resulted from the ‘composite’ effect of the dielectric component. Raman spectra analysis clearly indicated that the incorporation of Mg²⁺ degraded quality factor (Q value) of BST, which was ascribed to the deterioration of B-site ordering of the ABO₃ perovskite structure. It was found that Q value was strongly correlated with the Raman peak width of A1(TO) stretch modes in perovskite materials. Also oxygen octahedron played an important role in determining the material’s microwave performance.
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  Preparation of nanoporous Co-Ni-B/Cu-BTC composite and its application for catalyzing the hydrolysis of NH₃BH₃

  CHENG Jun, ZOU Yongjin, XIANG Cuili, ZHENG Liangjun, SUN Lixian, XU Fen, LIU Shusheng

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6152-6157. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.027

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  In this paper, nanoporous Co-Ni-B/Cu-BTC catalyst has been firstly prepared by in-situ chemical reduction under sonication. After the introduction of Cu-BTC particles in Co-Ni-B alloy, the specific surface area of the composite was substantially improved. The morphology was also changed from aggregated nanoparticles to nanoporous structure. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of composite was enhanced greatly for the hydrolysis of NH₃BH₃. A high rate of hydrogen generation has been monitored at 2 670 mL/(min·g) at 30 ℃ in NH₃BH₃ solution. The activation energy of the hydrolysis 22.4 kJ/mol is obtained. The preparation of composite has good chemical stability and has also been explored.
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  Effect of the bentonite on properties of magnesium-phosphate cement

  WANG Hongtao, ZHANG Shihao, DING Jianhua, DAI Fengle, JIANG Zichao

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6158-6162. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.028

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  By the way of replacing magnesium phosphate cement with bentonite, effect of the bentonite on the fluidity, setting time strength, hydration heat, early shrinkage and hydration products of magnesium phosphate cement was studied in this passage. The results show that the bentonite reduces the fluidity, setting time and strength of magnesium phosphate cement, to ensure the operability of construction, its content should be controlled within 10%; Bentonite effectively reduced the heat release rate, heat quantity and the early shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement; The hydration products of magnesium phosphate cement that is mixed with bentonite have montmorillonite and quartz ; Bentonite affects hydration process, the amount of hydration products and crystallization degree.
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  Study on the preparation and performance of iron-cerium mixed oxide catalyst

  LIU Zhaogang, ZHANG Rui, LI Mei, HU Yanhong, WANG Mitang, ZHANG Xiaowei

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6163-6166. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.029

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  The preparation process of catalyst composited with Fe-Ce oxides was studied by improved co-precipitation. The optimum conditions were determined by L₁₆ (4⁵) orthogonal test. The effects of different calcination temperature on SCR of Fe-Ce catalyst were studied, and also the materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, particle size and specific surface area. The results show that the final pH of the reaction is the most important factor for Fe-Ce catalyst precipited from bicarbonate-ammonia system. Reaction temperature is the secondary factor. The denitration experiments showed that catalyst prepared by roasting at 400 ℃ for 5 h with smaller particle size, wider distribution, larger specific surface area and the highest SCR denitration activity. The activity was 93.8% at 250 ℃.
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  Microstructure and properties of laser cladding Al_xCrFeCoCuNi high entropy alloy on AISI 1045 steel substrate

  ZHENG Biju, JIANG Yehua, HU Wen, LIU Hongxi

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6167-6172. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.030

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  The Al_xCrFeCoCuNi high entropy alloys (HEA) were prepared by laser cladding. Al contents were adjusted for further investigating the effect on wear resistance of sample. The microstructure, chemical composition and phase analyses of the cladding layer were studied by scanning electron microscopy, EDS analysis, and X-ray diffraction measurement. The result shows that, Al_xCrFeCoCuNi HEA samples consist of the cladding zone, bounding zone and heat affected zone. The bounding between cladding layer and the substrate of a good combination; the cladding zone is composed mainly of axis crystal and columnar crystals. The Al_xCrFeCoCuNi HEA coating phase structure simple (FCC and BCC structure) due to high-entropy effect. The surface microhardness of Al_xCrFeCoCuNi HEA samples up to 758 Hv, about 3 times as the substrate, and the hardness increases with increasing Al content. The high Al content gives a large improvement in wear resistance due to its high hardness. So the coating can play a good protective role on substrate AISI 1045 steel.
Process & Technology
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  Effect of riblet geometry on drag reduction of bionic riblet film

  FENG Beibei, CHEN Darong, LIU Zhiyong, JIANG Shengyao

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6173-6175. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.031

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  In order to increase the drag reduction rate of riblet film fabricated based on birds’ feather, we investigated the effect of riblet geometry parameters d,α,γ on wall pressure distribution、pressure drag coefficient and friction. Research results indicated that: there is a significant influence of riblet geometry parameters on wall force. Especially, an obvious reduction of pressure value of high pressure center and low pressure center was observed. While the flow rate Ma was certain, an optimized riblets would lead to the maximum drag reduction.
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  Preparation of antibacterial composite porous scaffolds by homogeneous self-foaming method

  LI Gen, LI Limei, JIANG Jiaxing, LI Jiongjiong, ZUO Yi, LI Yubao, ZOU Qin, ZHANG Li, LI Jidong

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6176-6180. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.032

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  Infection associated with implanted bone repair materials is still a challenging issue in clinic. The bone repair materials with local drug-delivery capacity have drew much attention in susceptible bone defect repair recently. In the present study, Ag₃PO₄ was selected as an antibacterial agent and incorporated into the nano-hydroxyapatite/polyurethane (nHA/PU) composite, which have been proved to be a biocompatible materials with good osteogenesis. Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) was add into the nHA/PU composite and served as foaming agent. Under certain condition, the crystalline water can release from DCPD and react with isocyanate(—NCO)to generate CO₂, resulting in the homogeneous self-foaming of the composite. The results revealed that the porosity and compressive strength of fabricated Ag₃PO₄ loaded nano-hydroxyapatite/Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate/polyurethane (Ag₃PO₄-nHA/DCPD/PU) composite scaffolds can reach 80.7% and 95.45%, respectively. The fabricated Ag₃PO₄-nHA/DCPD/PU scaffolds also can prevent bacteria adhesion on the material surface effectively and bacteriostatic rate can reach 95.45% after incubation the bacteria with the materials for 24 h. The resultant Ag₃PO₄-nHA/DCPD/PU composite scaffolds with high porosity, uniform porous structure and interconnectivity as well as strong antibacterial properties fabricated by such a facile method have a great potential to be applied in the fields of bone repair.
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  Preparation and dye separation of CaAlg/CMWCNT composite hydrogel nano-filtration membrane

  XU Anhou, GUO Jie, ZHAO Kongyin, ZHANG Xinxin

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6181-6184. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.033

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  Calcium alginate/arboxyl multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CaAlg/CMWCNT) composite hydrogel nano-filtration membranes were prepared. The mechanical properties, anti-fouling properties and dye rejection of the CaAlg/CMWCNT nano-filtration membrane were investigated. The results showed that the tensile strength increased first and then decreased in the wet state with the increase of CMWCNT content. When the proportion of CMWCNT in sodium alginate was 1wt% the maximal tensile strength was reached, with a value of 1.83 MPa. The protein flux of CaAlg/CMWCNT composite filtration membrane was 97.3% of pure water flux, indicating that the membrane had excellent anti-fouling performance. The rejection of the brilliant blue and Congo red reached over 99% with a flux of 19.56 L/(m²·h).
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  Influence of spraying distance on microstructure and corrosion behavior of amorphous alloy coatings by thermal spraying

  WANG Gang, CHEN Jing, HUANG Zhongjia, ZHU Xiebing

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6185-6189. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.034

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  Fe-based alloy coating has been deposited by high velocity oxy fuel spraying. Morphology, microstructure, precipitated phase and corrosion resistance of Fe-based alloy coating have been studied by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrochemical corrosion with different spraying distance. The morphology and microstructure are seriously influenced by spraying distance. Neither too long nor too short are unfavorable to the formation of amorphous coating. Corrosion behavior of Fe-based amorphous alloy coating has been examined in simulated seawater solution. The results show that the amorphous coating possesses well corrosion resistance. SEM observation of corroded surface shows that the corrosion products get thicker with the increase of spraying distance, and accompanied by the emergence of a large number of corrosion pit.
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  The effect of solid carburization on microstructure and hardness of CuCoCrNiFe high entropy alloy

  LI Zhe, ZHANG Weiqiang, SUN Riwei, FU Huameng

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6190-6193. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.035

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  A high entropy alloy CuCoCrNiFe was treated at 850 ℃ for 5 h by solid carburization. SEM, EDS, EPMA and XRD were employed for microstructural characterization and phase indentification. The measurement of hardness of the carburized sample was performed.The results show that after carburization, a large number of carbides precipitate in the sample. Near the sample surface, the carbides are fine and aggregated. As the distance from sample surface increasing, the intensiveness of carbides gets lower, whereas the size increases.The hardness of sample surface rises to 240 HV, which has been improved greatly compared to that of the substrate.
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  Preparation and antineoplastic activity of functionalized carbon nanotubes as drug carriers

  ZHONG Xinxian, LIN Youcheng, ZENG Jianqiang, PENG Yan, HUANG Yufeng, ZHAO Haiyuan, FENG Qipeng, LI Qingyu

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6194-6199. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.036

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  In this paper, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as substrates were oxidatized by mixed acid, and were further grafted by tryptophan (Trp) and phosphate (P) for preparing modified carbon nanotubes materials with better water solubility (Trp-P-ox-CNTs and Trp-ox-CNTs). Then the modified carbon nanotubes were recombined with honokiol (HK) and magnolol (M), respectively. These drug carriers based on carbon nanotubes were obtained. The morphology and microstructure of the modified carbon nanotubes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These drug carriers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and their in vitro antitumor activity and cell toxicity were analysed by MTT assay. These results showed that the functionalized carbon nanotubes have good solubility in water. After covalent bonding with phosphate, tryptophan the toxicity of CNTs to normal cells is,reduced significantly, their biocompatibility is observably improved,and these combination drug carrier materials exhibit good anti-tumor activity.
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  Research on the modification of foam concrete

  WANG Difei, WANG Luming

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6200-6204. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.037

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  Made experiment to promote the performance of foam concrete by adding SBR, SAE, silica fume, fly ash, and rubber powder to the foam concrete respectively and simultaneously. The results show that, add silica fume and SBR to foam concrete simultaneously can improve early strength significantly and reduce water absorption, while adding 4wt% silica fume and 12wt% SBR to foam concrete, the water absorption of concrete reduced by 17%, 7 day strength increased 0.5 MPa. SBR had a limited role in promoting the early strength of foam concrete, SAE had difference on the strength of concrete,silica fume and fly ash increased water absorption,crumb rubber could not be used as the modified material of concrete.
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  Study of FA/OⅡ chelating agent on BTA removal in post-CMP cleaning

  DENG Haiwen, TAN Baimei, ZHANG Yan, GAO Baohong, WANG Chenwei, GU Zhangbing

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6205-6208. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.038

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  In the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process, benzotriazole (BTA) was used as corrosion inhibitor in the copper CMP. The insoluble Cu-BTA passivation film was one of the main targets in post-CMP cleaning. FA/OII chelating agent was the main component of the cleaning liquid, which was used in this paper. Contact angle measurements and atomic force microscope was used to monitor the removal of BTA. By varying the concentration of chelating agent, a series of experiments were performed to determine the best cleaning results. When the concentration of chelating agent between 1.50×10^-4 and 2.00×10^-4, the pH value was higher than 10, can effectively remove the Cu-BTA passivation film and other organic residue and the contact angle decreased to 29°. The surface roughness was better. The proposed cleaning solution showed good ability in removing BTA from the copper surface.
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  Preparation and performance of hydrophobic silica aerogel millimeter-beads by dropping method

  LI Hongwei, JIA Niannian, HE Pei, LU Panyan

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6209-6213. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.039

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  Preparation and performance of silica aerogel millimeter-beads by dropping method were studied in this paper. The silica aerogel powder (hydrophobic angle -126°) was paved evenly on the plane as the prefabricated platform. Water glass (n=1.8-2.3) was made into silica sol by ion exchange, and sol which was adjusted the pH value was dropped dispersedly on the platform, which remained sol millimeter-beads. After the gelation, the millimeter-beads was aged in the ethanol, then via solvent exchange and surface modification, the hydrophobic SiO₂ aerogel millimeter-beads were prepared finally by ambient pressure drying. The diameter of the SiO₂ aerogel beads was about 1-2 mm with an excellent spherical morphology at the macro and rolling well; BET analysis indicates that its surface area was above 730 m²/g, and the hysteresis loop of adsorption-desorption curves indicates that its microporous structure was nearly elongate cylindrical bore, and the average pore diameter was 7-10 nm; SEM indicates that its microstructure has continuous network with nano-porous; FT-IR shows that it has a good hydrophobicity because it was grafted —CH₃ during its preparation; DSC-TGA analysis indicates that it has a good thermal stability below 1 000 ℃.
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  Synthesis of sodium maleic hemihexadecylester propylsulfonate and its application in surface sizing of fiber

  LI Ping, ZHOU Zhiping, MA Weiwei

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6214-6218. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.040

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  A novel reactive emulsifier of sodium maleic hemihexadecylester propylsulfonate (SMHP) was synthesized via catalysis action of homemade solid catalyst S₂O^2-₈/ZrO₂-SiO₂. The catalytic effect of S₂O^2-₈/ZrO₂-SiO₂ was compared with that of sodium ethanoate and p-toluenesulfonic acid. The resultant reactive emulsifier was applied to styrene-acrylic microemulsion polymerization, and compared the emulsifying ability with the traditional emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and another reactive emulsifier ammonium sulfate allyloxy nonyphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy)(10)ether (DNS-86).The results show that the solid acid catalyst S₂O^2-₈/ZrO₂-SiO₂ has the best catalytic effect, and its proper content is 0.6wt%. The resultant reactive emulsifier has a better emulsifying ability than SDS and DNS-86, it also can lower the surface tension effectively, and its optimum content was 4.5wt% in microemulsion polymerization. The emulsion emulsified by the prepared reactive emulsifier has a larger size of emulsion particles and higher electrolyte stability. The raw paper was sized by such surface sizing containing SMHP, its degree of sizing was improved from 5 to 78 s, and the application fields can be extended to textile, coating, automotive and other industries.
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  Preparation and third-order NLO properties of P3HT/Fe₃O₄/CdS magnetic nanocomposites

  DONG Yanmao, LIU Juan, ZHOU Xing

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6219-6224. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.041

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  Polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) having excellent third order nonlinear properties can be prepared using Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and semiconductors as materials,due to the combination of the properties of both organic and inorganic materials. In this work,the Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-Fe₃O₄/CdS (P3HT-Fe₃O₄/CdS) PNCs have been prepared by in-situ one-pot method. The products were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), XRD, TEM, SEM and HPPS. Results show that,P3HT-Fe₃O₄/CdS as prepared exhibits excellent magnetic property and the Fe₃O₄ and CdS particles are about 2-4 nm. The optical properties were studied by UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy (PL) and Z-scan measurements, respectively. P3HT-Fe₃O₄/CdS exhibit excellent third-order NLO properties due to the n₂ and χ⁽³⁾ are 1.36×10^-9 esu and 9.76×10^-12 m²/W,respectively. These magnetic PNCs show a potential application in the optical, electric and magnetic nanocomposites because they can help build orderly micro-nano structural materials in the magnetic field or electric field.
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  Influence of annealing temperature on microstructure and magnetic properties of Ni_51.33Mn_33.23In_15.43 magnetic shape memory thin film

  XU Jie, GAO Li, MA Junchi, SONG Qiuhong, WANG Haohui

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6225-6227. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.042

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  Polycrystalline Ni_51.33Mn_33.23In_15.43 thin film was deposited by the R.F. magnetron sputtering on well-cleaned substrate of Si(100). The influence of annealing temperature on the microstructure and magnetic properties of deposited Ni_51.33Mn_33.23In_15.43 thin film are investigated. The increase of annealing temperature decreases the particle size of the surface of Ni_51.33Mn_33.23In_15.43 thin films. The analysis of annealed thin films show that crystallization was fully completed when annealed at 873 K and all the annealed thin films are consisted of parent phase and 14M modulated martensite phase. And the lattice parameter and cell volume increase with annealing temperature. The initial magnetization curve manifests that the Ni_51.33Mn_33.23In_15.43 thin films was ferrimagnetism. With the increase of annealing temperature, the initial magnetization enhances firstly and then decreases, and reaches the maximum value when annealing temperature is 973 K. The hysteresis loop indicates that Ni_51.33Mn_33.23In_15.43 thin films present the typical soft magnetic.
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  Preparation and characterization of thermosetting moulding grinding wheel with tannin-furanic-isocynate resins matrix

  ZHANG Jun, DU Guanben, LIANG Jiankun, XI Xuedong

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6228-6234. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.043

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  A new nature renewable grinding wheel, based on the tannin-furanic-isocyanate (TFI) resin and the aluminum oxide particles was prepared. Meanwhile the thermal properties of resin, mechanical properties of grinding wheels were studied. The results show that the new cured resin possesses high glass translation temperature and excellent Brinell hardness. The compression of new grinding wheel is higher than that of phenolic resin grinding wheel, which were made in the same process. Moreover, compared the commercial grinding wheel of Taber Calibrate wheel H-18, the new grinding wheel shows an outstanding abrasive property. Thus, it is possible to replace the resin using nature renewable TFI grinding wheel.
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  Controllable fabrication and photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanorods on steel mesh

  ZHAO Yanru, MA Jianzhong, LIU Junli, BAO Yan, ZHANG Yonghui

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6235-6240. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.044

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  ZnO nanorods have been successfully synthesized through a simple seed-induced method on steel mesh substrates. The surface morphology of these samples was characterized by SEM and XRD. Photocatalytic degradation performance of the obtained materials was studied with methyl orange solution as model wastewater, and the effects of growth conditions on the photocatalytic degradation property were discussed in detail. The results showed that the ZnO nanorods exhibited the excellent photocatalytic activity while the concentration, temperature and the growth time were 100 mmol/L, 80 ℃ and 4 h respectively. The degradation rate of methyl orange solution could reach 99% over 2 h and the samples had good reusability.
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  Nanoscale porous graphite carbons prepared by coordination-pyrolysis method and their capacitive properties

  SUN Li, SONG Weiming, JIANG Yan, CHEN Wenlong, LI Ying, FENG Jian, DENG Qigang

  功能材料. 2016, 47(6): 6241-6246. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2016.06.045

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  To obtain excellent electrode material with high capacitive property, the nanoscale porous graphite carbon was prepared via a sample coordination-pyrolysis method from renewable biomass starch. The nanostructure of the PGC-based materials were characterized by XRD, Raman, TEM and BET methods. The result exhibits that PGC has high BET surface area (S_BET=1 187 m²/g) and superior graphitization. While being adopted as a supercapacitor electrode, PGC shows excellent electrochemical performance: a high specific capacitance of 249 F/g, outstanding cycle durability over 99.97% after 5 000 cyles, an high energy density of 46.79 Wh/kg at a high power density of 10 500 W/kg. Thus, the synthesized PGC material was very promising as an electrode material for high-power supercapacitors.