30 December 2020, Volume 51 Issue 12
    

  • Select all
    |
    Focuses & Concerns(The Project of Chongqing Press Fund in2019)
  • MIN Yonggang, CHEN Miaoling, HUANG Xingwen, WANG Lingzhi, LIAO Songyi, LIU Yidong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12001-12008. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Metal sulfides with different sizes,morphologies,and dimensions obtained through various synthesis/preparation strategies were reviewed,as well as their composite materials with graphene/carbon nanotubes,including layered,sandwich,hollow core-shell and/or mixed structures.When applied to the negative electrode of a lithium ion battery,the metal sulfide composite material exhibited excellent electrochemical properties such as higher discharge capacity,good rate characteristics,and stable cycling.In addition,the application and development prospects of metal sulfide composite materials as battery electrode materials were further prospected.
  • WU Wenhao, CHENG Muwen, CHEN Caohong, XU Dong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12009-12014. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.002
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The study of catalysts is one of the most important part of ammonia selective catalytic reduction technology (NH3-SCR).The commercial catalyst(V2O5-WO3/TiO2) has limitations in its application development due to its biological toxicity,high reaction temperature,and poor resistance to alkali metals and heavy metals.As a layered natural clay mineral material,montmorillonite has been extensively studied as a catalyst support in denitrification because of the easy modification,good acidity,cheap and easily available.In this paper,the main research progress of montmorillonite-based catalysts in flue gas denitrification was summarized,and its shortcomings and needs to be improved in the future were pointed out.
  • SHANG Yangyang, ZHANG Kangli, MD MARUF Ahmed, ZHAO Ruihua, DU Jianping
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12015-12019. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.003
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Volatile organic amines are toxic and harmful,which pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and public safety.The rapid detection of organic amines is of great significance for environmental pollution prevention,food safety monitoring and even medical diagnosis.Based on the research progress of tin dioxide semiconductor materials in the detection of organic amine,the formation of heterojunctions between tin dioxide and metal oxides,metal sulfides,carbon materials and organic polymer reported recently,and the effects of heterojunctions on amine-gas sensing performance were summarized.The other materials possessing heterojunctions and their applications in amine-gas sensing fields were prospected.
  • DING Chenyang, SHI Yang, ZHANG Changjun, FENG Yingying, SUN Aorun, MENG Lingkun, MA Wenjun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12020-12023. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.004
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In this paper,the effect of service conditions at different temperatures (77K ~ 773K) on the mechanical properties of entropy alloy in VCoNi was studied.Grain size of VCoNi alloy was adjusted by large deformation rolling and short time annealing.The change rule of material mechanical properties was studied by quasi-static tensile test and the internal mechanism was explained by microscopic observation.At 77 K,a large number of twins and twisted dislocations in the material made the alloy have excellent comprehensive properties.With the increase of experimental temperature from 293 K to 573 K,the elongation and mechanical properties of the materials remained stable.When the experimental temperature reached 373 K,the serrated flow appeared on the stress-strain curve.
  • WEI Xiaobin, LI Dongqing, MING Feng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12024-12035. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.005
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Geopolymer is a new green cementitious material,which has many excellent properties in mechanical properties and durability,but also has some shortcomings.It is a feasible way to overcome the disadvantages of geopolymer by using the advantages of nano materials.In this paper,the influence of nano materials blending geopolymer on the workability,mechanical properties and durability of the mixture was systematically described.The influence mechanism was summarized and the existing problems of nano modified geopolymer were discussed.The future modification research may include revealing the influence mechanism,focusing on the compatibility and synergy between nano materials and other components,accurately designing and developing nano core-shell particles suitable for geopolymer reaction system,and quantificationally evaluating the dispersion of nanoparticles in aqueous solution and colloidal environment.Improving the modification efficiency of nano particles provided a reference for the future research on nano modified geopolymer.
  • Review & Advance
  • LI Hao, WEI Jie, ZHANG Yanan, GU Zhongwei, HU Yubing, JIANG Wei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12036-12044. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.006
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Barrier materials are becoming more and more important in packaging and protection applications,while common barrier polymers,such as polyethylene,polypropylene,polyvinyl alcohol,etc.,generally have the disadvantages of low mechanical strength and poor barrier to small molecules.Therefore,the development of high barrier materials has become a new research direction.Graphene is a two-dimensional layered nano-filler with large aspect ratio and specific surface area,which can build a stable filler network and form a tortuous molecular movement path in the matrix material.There are a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of graphene oxide,which can form a strong interaction with polar molecules,so as to inhibit the migration of small molecules and improve the barrier properties of the composites.In this paper,the barrier properties of graphene and its derivatives were summarized,then the modification of graphene and the preparation methods of graphene nanocomposites were introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages of different modification and preparation methods were compared.Finally,based on the current research on the barrier properties of graphene composites,it focused on its application in the fields of flame retardant and smoke suppression,plastic modification,packaging anticorrosion,separation membrane and molecular filtration,rubber and so on,and looked forward to the research of graphene as filler to strengthen the barrier properties of composites.
  • AO Qingbo, WANG Jianzhong, LI Ye, MA Jun, WU Chen
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12045-12050. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.007
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    This article is a review of four typical kinds of lower frequency sound absorption materials,including perforated plate complex materials,metal foam complex materials,acoustics metamaterials and metal fiber porous complex materials.When perforated plate,metal foam materials and metal fiber porous materials were used alone,the property in middle-high frequency was well,but in low frequency was poor.In order to solve the problem of the noise control in low frequency,a new type of low-frequency sound-absorbing material and structure with excellent low-frequency performance were obtained by using two or more materials for composite and adding air layer,film material and so on.Because the limited space put forward the requirement of small size for the sound-absorbing material,and considering comprehensively the machinability,service life and mass production,the metal fiber porous composite material was the most promising application material for low-frequency noise control.
  • YANG Lei, CHEN Chuntao, SUN Dongping
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12051-12057. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.008
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    As the most abundant natural polymer in nature,cellulose with the advantages of regeneration,degradation and biocompatibility is an excellent biomass matrix material.However,its poor thermal stability,poor compatibility with hydrophobic materials,and susceptible to fungal and bacterial decay were not suitable for the engineering design of high-performance materials.Fortunately,the network structure,high specific surface area and numerous hydroxyl groups of cellulose are conducive to the coating of inorganic substances.Through mineralization,the hygroscopicity of cellulose can be reduced and the decay of fungi and bacteria can be prevented.At the same time,new properties are given to the material,which has significant advantages for expanding the application of cellulose.In this paper,the characteristics of cellulose and its biomimetic mineralization were introduced,the research status of various kinds of mineralized cellulose composites was summarized,and the properties were discussed,and then the research and development prospects of mineralized cellulose materials were prospected.It hoped to provide reference for the preparation of composite cellulose materials with better properties.
  • CHEN Kexin, HE Minjie, ZHANG Jie, PENG Shuming
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12058-12064. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.009
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    As a kind of carbon-rich material with rich surface functional groups and huge specific surface area,biochar can be pyrolyzed under the oxygen-free or restricted conditions.It is a very efficient sorbent for the removal of various pollutants in the environment and is expected to influence the diffusion of pollutants.In recent years,the application of biochar as an adsorbent in water purification has been widely concerned in scientific research and future engineering.In order to prepare biochar with target removal effect,the factors that affect the properties of biochar and the adsorption mechanism of biochar for water pollutants such as heavy metals,inorganic nonmetallic salts,and organics were summarized.On this basis,the limitation of research in using biochar as adsorbent wass discussed,and the development of biochar adsorbent in the future was proposed.
  • ZENG Jiyang, RONG Qian, DENG Xiyu, KUANG Xinya, ZI Baoye, MA Yiwen, LIU Qingju
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12065-12071. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.010
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    With the development of human beings and the progress of society,people pay more and more attention to the environmental problems,especially the detection of toxic and harmful gases.Metal oxide gas sensors can solve this problem.Metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor has been widely studied and applied because of its small size,low cost,convenient use and quick response.Tungsten trioxide (WO3),as a typical n-type semiconductor gas sensing material,has attracted wide attention in the detection of various toxic and harmful gases due to its unique gas sensing properties.The structure and morphology of sensing materials,the exposed crystal facets,the introduction of oxides and noble metals play a key role in improving the gas sensing performance of materials.Therefore,in this paper,the recent studies on the synthesis,interface control,modification methods,gas sensing properties and related mechanisms of one-dimensional,two-dimensional and three-dimensional WO3 materials were summarized,the existing problems in the research process of gas sensor based on WO3 at present were put forward,and its future development trend was prospected.
  • Research & Development
  • TAO Tao, XIAO Yao, HU Yuxin, DU Qinxi, HUANG Qiong, CHEN Mindong, HUANG Wei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12072-12079. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.011
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Pollution of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs),such as formaldehyde and benzene,has become one of the major environmental problems for the broad masses of the people in our daily life and production.The major methods used to purify VOCs in the room are as follows:adsorption,photocatalytic oxidation,low temperature plasma and catalytic oxidation.In particular,catalytic oxidation at ambient temperature has got more attention due to the advantages of high purification efficiency and stability,no secondary pollution,and wide availability.Therefore,MnCeOx was used as the active component,and palygorskite and kaolin with a lot of pores were used as supporters to develop MnCeOx/palygorskite and MnCeOx-palygorskite catalysts in this work.Meanwhile,the effects of loading amount,preparation,composition and structure on the catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde at room temperature were investigated.It was found that the oxidation activity for the supported MnCeOx/palygorskite catalyst increased with the increasing of the loading amount,and the best method was hybrid method with solutions.In addition,the oxidation activity depended on the types of mixing components for the integrated MnCeOx-palygorskite catalysts.Among them,attapulgite or aluminum hydroxide showed a preferable performance for catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde at room temperature.
  • ZHANG Jingjing, YANG Wendi, SHI Dongjian, CHEN Mingqing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12080-12087. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.012
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Polylactic acid (PLA) can be compounded with polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) to prepare polylactic acid/polydopamine (PLA/PDA NPs) composites.However,due to the poor dispersion and compatibility of PDA NPs in the PLA matrix,the mechanical properties of composites are not good.In order to improve its properties,polydopamine nanoparticles were used to polymerize cyclic lactide (LA) to prepare polylactic acid-grafted polydopamine composite nanoparticles (PDA-PLA NPs).Polylactic acid/polylactic acid-grafted polydopamine (PLA/PDA-PLA) composites were prepared by solution casting using polylactic acid-grafted polydopamine composite nanoparticles (PDA-PLA NPs) as nanofillers.The results show that the PDA-PLA100 composite nanoparticles could reduce the cold crystallization temperature (Tc),and increase the crystallinity (Xc) of the composites.At the same time,the PDA-PLA100 composite nanoparticles had a certain strengthening and toughening effect on PLA,and its tensile strength and fracture elongation were up to (78.37 ± 0.54)MPa and 58.33% ± 4.5%.Moreover,due to the improvement of compatibility and dispersion and the formation of ordered crystal regions,the addition of PDA-PLA100 composite nanoparticles significantly improved the UV shielding performance of the composite material.The shielding ratio of composites to UVA and UVB were as high as 92.02% and 94.41%,respectively,which was more than twice of pure PLA.After further increasing the content of the PDA-PLA100 composite nanoparticles to 1 wt%,the shielding ratio of the composite material to both UVA and UVB were greater than 99%.
  • CHEN Zuguo, YANG Fuxin, LI Shaojing, YANG Jinghui, WANG Jinyang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12088-12093. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.013
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In order to study the effect of the addition of different mass fractions of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on the easy oxide residues and physical properties in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films,HPMC,as a modifier,was added to the PVA solution to make a film with ratios of 0,0.3%,0.6%,0.9%,1.2% and 1.5%.The effects of HPMC on the easy oxide residue,mechanical properties,barrier properties,optical properties,microstructure,hydrophobic properties,and thermal stability of PVA films were studied.The results show that when the modifiers were added with an amount of 0.6% and 0.9%,the residual amount of easy oxides in the film was the minimum.When the additive amount was 0.9%,the film had better barrier properties,hydrophobic properties and thermal stability,and could be used for packaging of foods or pharmaceutical.
  • ZHONG Dan, ZHANG Xinhua, XIONG Houfeng, HUANG Haifeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12094-12100. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.014
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Four different types of transition metals (Sr,Cr,Ce,and V) doped manganese oxide octahedral sieves (OMS-2) were prepared by one-step reflux heating method and used in dichloromethane (DCM) combustion.Their physicochemical properties were investigated in detail by X-ray diffraction,N2-physisorption,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,and Raman spectroscopy analyses.The results showed that DCM could be completely converted between 150 ℃ and 450 ℃ on these investigated catalysts,and the main chlorinated products were HCl,trichloromethane (TCM),carbon tetrachloride (CTC) and also a little amount of Cl2 aroused from Deacon reaction.However,their relative activity and the products selectivity were far from identical.The high selectivity of HCl was observed when DCM combustion on the Cr doped OMS-2,meanwhile,the polychlorinated byproducts such as TCM and CTC were deeply restrained.On the contrary,these troublesome byproducts generated easily when DCM converted on the other OMS-2 doped with Sr,Ce and V.The high oxygen vacancy defects concentration on the Cr doped OMS-2 benefited the adsorption and exchange of oxygen from air as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy analyses,thus,this sample showed excellent low-temperature combustion activity and good HCl selectivity when DCM combustion on it.
  • SONG Yuehong, DAI Weili, ZHAO Jinzhe
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12101-12106. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.015
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Ag/Bi12O17Cl2 nanocomposites were prepared by a simple liquid phase precipitation method.X-ray diffraction (XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and solid ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer (Uv-vis) were used to characterize the crystal phase and morphology of the products.The effect of different molar amount of Ag on the photocatalytic activity of Bi12O17Cl2 was studied,and the photocatalytic mechanism was explored.The experimental results showed that when the amount of Ag added was 0.3 mol/L,the photocatalytic performance of Bi12O17Cl2 sample was the best.After 2 hours of light exposure,the photocatalytic degradation rate of Rhodamine B (RhB) could reach 97.14%.
  • ZHANG Jinwei, WANG Yao, WEN Yonghan, SUN Hongbin, YU Guoshu, CHEN Wuyong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12107-12112. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.016
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In order to prepare concentration nano-silver with proper stability,UV-Vis,dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscope were used to character the influence of benzalkonium bromide (protecting agent) dosages on nano-silver particle size and stability.Then,the most stable nano-silver with high concentration was mixed with isothiazolinone to prepare nono-silver antibacterial agent,and antibacterial ability of the agent was also evaluated.The results indicated that low concentration benzalkonium bromide was not able to load with nano-silver and too high concentration also had negative effect on nano-silver stability.The nano-silver solution with uniform particle size and excellent stability was prepared under proper benzalkonium bromide.The nano-silver with silver concentration of 2.4×10-4 g/mL (10 times higher than prior) was produced when benzalkonium bromide dosage was 8×10-3 g/mL,in which nano-silver particle size was around 30 nm and the solution was stable enough.The obtained nano-silver was mixed with isothiazolinone based on weight ratio 100∶0.8.The nono-silver antibacterial agent had effective and broad antimicrobial ability.The minimal inhibitory concentration for Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Aspergillus niger was 1.0,2.0,4.0 and 4.0 μg/mL respectively.Increasing benzalkonium bromide (protecting agent) dosages could promote nano-silver concentration.Consequently,it would benefit for nano-silver antibacterial agent industrialization and marketization.
  • HUANG Fengping, ZOU Zhengbo, ZHOU Xinmin, LI Chunhua, LIU Boxue, DING Li
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12113-12119. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.017
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Using hydrothermal method,ZnO/Cu2O composite photocatalysts with different molar ratios were prepared by adjusting the molar ratio of Zn2+ to Cu2+.Combined with XRD,SEM,XPS,EDS and other characterization methods,the crystal structure,element composition and shape of ZnO/Cu2O composite material were researched,and then morphological analysis was used to characterize the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under visible light.The results show that when the molar ratio of Zn2+ and Cu2+ was 3∶1,the hydrothermally synthesized ZnO/Cu2O composite photocatalyst exhibited the best photocatalytic performance for methyl orange,and the degradation of MO reached 93.8% within 90 minutes.After five cycles of degradation experiment,the degradation rate of methyl orange by the sample could still reach 88.2%.In addition,the composite structure formed between ZnO and Cu2O could effectively inhibit the Cu2O photogenerated electron-hole recombination,thereby making the effect and stability of ZnO/Cu2O composite photocatalyst catalyzed be significantly improved.
  • LI Wenjie, GAO Jianming, ZHAO Qian, GUO Yanxia
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12120-12125. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.018
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Using LiOH·H2O,MnO2 and Fe2O3 as raw materials,spinel Li1.33Mn1.67-xFexO4 with ferromagnetic properties were synthesized by the solid state reaction method,and magnetically recyclable Fe-doped lithium ion sieves were prepared after acid solution treatment.The effects of calcination temperature,calcination time and iron doping amounts on the adsorption performance and dissolution loss of as-synthesized manganese-based lithium ion sieves were systematically investigated.The results show that as the calcination temperature and time increased,both adsorption capacity and manganese dissolution loss of as-prepared lithium ion sieves gradually decreased.Iron doping could effectively reduce the manganese dissolution loss,however,the lithium adsorption capacity decreased with the iron doping amount increasing.When the calcination temperature and time were 450 ℃ and 6 h respectively,the adsorption capacity of the as-synthesized lithium ion sieve with the iron doping amount of 0.05 was 25.2 mg/g,and the Mn dissolution loss decreased from 6.8% to 0.69%.The as-prepared lithium ion sieve could be separated and recycled under external magnetic field,and the adsorption capacity could remain 18.8 mg/g after five cycles.
  • ZHAO Huanhuan, DING Chengli, YUE Pan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12126-12134. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.019
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    ZnFe2O4 was loaded onto cellulose hydrogel based on the principle of co-precipitation by one-pot method,and the freeze-drying technology was adopted to form cellulose @ZnFe2O4 composite aerogel as well,which was placed in a tube furnace for calcining at 600 ℃ for 2 h to obtain cellulose-based @ZnFe2O4 carbon aerogel nanocomposites.The morphology and structure of the prepared material were analyzed by means of FT-IR,XRD,SEM,XPS,VSM and BET and so on.The results of characterizations demonstrated that cellulose based @80%ZnFe2O4 carbon aerogel nanocomposites exhibited rising specific surface area (117.68 m2/g) and superparamagnetic properties.Employing methylene blue (MB) as a pollutant,the xenon lamp was utilized to simulate sunlight to test the material's functions.Performance testing experiments showed that there were good adsorption and photodegradation of synergy effect for the cellulose based @ 80% ZnFe2O4 carbon aerogel nanocomposites.Meanwhile,the material was more suitable for photodegradation in alkaline condition.It was effective for 0.1 g cellulose based @ 80% ZnFe2O4 carbon aerogel nanocomposite to remove MB of 100 mg/L solution,whose degradation rate was 93.6%.After four cycles,the removal rate of MB solution of 40 mg/L still reached 97.3%.
  • LYU Qingfeng, CHEN Yi, ZHAO Yanxu, SHAN Xiaokang, GU Liuyang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12135-12141. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.020
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    X ray diffraction (XRD),Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),mercury intrusion test (MIP) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to study the influence mechanism of chloride ion on sulfate ion in alkali activated polymer.The test shows that when the content of sodium sulfate was constant,the unconfined compressive strength of polymer 28d decreased with the increase of sodium chloride content.Chloride could inhibit the formation of ettringite (AFt) in fly ash base polymer,and sodium chloride solution mixed with paste could rapidly generate Friedel salt (FS).With the continuous increase of NaCl,micro cracks increased,pore diameter increased and pore volume increased.The strong peaks in the NMR spectra gradually moved to the right.The structure of the silicon oxide polyhedron network of the fly ash vitreous body was partly increased without decreasing the Q0 of the oligomeric silicon tetrahedron structure,and the Q4 of the tetrahedral structure of the high silicon polysilicon increased.The chloride ion in the fly ash based geopolymer had a certain inhibitory effect on sulfate ion.
  • CHEN Xiaolang, BAI Zhuyu, WU Yifan, CHEN Shaopeng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12142-12146. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.021
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    PLA is an ideal substitute for thermoplastic due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,but its poor crystallinity and low heat resistance limit its development.In this work,PLLA/PDLA-PEG-PDLA blends were prepared by solution blending using poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) as polymer matrix and poly(D-lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D-lactide) (PDLA-PEG- PDLA) triblock copolymer as the modifier.The influences of block ratio of PDLA-PEG-PDLA on the structure,crystallization behavior and crystal morphology of PLLA-based blends were studied by FTIR,XRD,DSC and POM.The results show that the PLA stereocomplex was formed due to the addition of PDLA-PEG-PDLA triblock copolymer,and its crystal structure,crystallization behavior and morphology were significantly different from that of pure PLLA.Moreover,the change of block ratio of block copolymer also had great influences on the structure,crystallization behavior and morphology of PLLA/PDLA-PEG-PDLA blends.
  • JIAN Shouwei, HUANG Weichao, LI Baodong, GAO Xin, GAO Wenbin, YANG Xin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12147-12154. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.022
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In engineering,flocculating materials are usually used to improve the dewatering effect of the sludge.The difference in organic content of sludge leads to different dewatering effects of flocculating materials in different sludges.In this paper,organic sludges with three contents were used as the research object,and four flocculating materials were used for experiments.Based on the settlement column curve,turbidity,SRF,and floc water content,the type and content of flocculation materials that match different organic content of sludge was obtained:for high organic sludge,using CPAM and the best content of 250 mg/L;for medium organic sludge,using PAC and the best dosage of 200 mg/L;for low organic matter sludge,using PFS and the best dosage of 100 mg/L.After matching,the specific filtration resistance of high,medium and low organic sludge was decreased by 46.8%,69.4%,65.4%,and the water content of flocs was decreased by 15.1%,35.9%,and 32.3%.Compared with the original sludge,the dewatering effect was significantly improved.The mechanism of the flocculation material was researched by Zeta potential.The results showed that the high organic content sludge had a high Zeta negative potential,and CPAM with high molecular weight should be used to enhance the adsorption of electricity and adsorption bridging role.In medium and low organic sludge,PAC and PFS greatly promoted the flocculation of sludge,but when the concentration of flocculation material was too large,the flocs was difficult to aggregate into agglomerates.This study had guiding significance for the selection of flocculating material types and dosage in the sludge dewatering process.
  • LUO Dandan, YUAN Jinhai, ZHOU Jing, XI Rui, AO Liuyan, NING Junjie, XU Jing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12155-12160. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.023
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In this paper,barium ferrites were prepared by sol-gel self-propagating combustion method.The morphological structure,energy gap and magnetism were characterized by SEM,XRD,FT-IR,UV-vis,magnetic measurement system,etc.The efficiency of UV photocatalytic degradation of 1,2,4-acids was investigated by using barium ferrite-coupled hydrogen peroxide as a system.The results showed that the prepared barium ferrite were hard magnetic materials with a energy gap of 1.89 eV.When the amount of barium ferrite was 2 g/L,the amount of H2O2 was 1 mL,and the wastewater pH was 10.13,the catalytic degradation rate of 1,2,4-acid (10 mg/L) was 94.51%.
  • Process& Technology
  • ZHU Junfeng, GAO Weichun, JI Yong, WANG Jing, GE Lei, NIU Yuhua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12161-12166. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.024
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A new soil remediation material with humic acid (BC-HA/WV) loaded with wood vinegar modified biochar was prepared,and the effects of its composition,dosage and aging time on the remediation of naphthalene were studied.The results showed that the curing rate of naphthalene in wood vinegar modified biochar powder loaded with humic acid reached 68.63%,which was 18.92% higher than that in biochar powder loaded with humic acid.The optimal application amount of 1 kg contaminated soil was 25 g.The curing rate was in direct proportion to the aging time,and the longer the naphthalene was in contact with the soil,the lower the efficiency of its migration in the soil.Through analysis of FT-IR,UV,XPS,GC-MS and so on,it was found that wood vinegar solution could promote the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bond between repair materials and naphthalene,and enhance the curing ability of repair materials.
  • SONG Yanhui, DONG Lingyu, ZHANG Tuodi, GUO Pengran, ZHANG Ting, WANG Yi
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12167-12173. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.025
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A series of three-dimensional attapulgites were prepared by using toluene diisocyanate (TDI) as a coupling agent and diols with different chain lengths as bonding agents.The effect of the length of the diol segment and the molar ratio of TDI to diol on the adsorption of malachite green by three-dimensional attapulgite was analyzed.The thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of three-dimensional attapulgite adsorption of malachite green were studied.The results show that with polyethylene glycol 600 as the bonding agent,when the molar ratio of TDI to polyethylene glycol 600 was 1:0.5,the prepared three-dimensional attapulgite had the best adsorption performance on malachite green.The adsorption process was consistent with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation.The enthalpy change and entropy change were 5.14 kJ/mol and 41.40 J/(mol·K),respectively,which showed spontaneous physical adsorption and followed a quasi-second-order kinetic equation.
  • HUANG Lihua, HUA Jian
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12174-12179. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.026
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The surface property of activated carbon is modified by nitric acid and urea.The effect of surface property of activated carbon on denitration and sulfur resistance performance of supported cerium based catalyst is studied.N2 adsorption-desorption,XRD and XPS technologies are used to characterize the structure and performance of catalysts.The results show that activity and sulfur resistance performance are related to surface acidity,the type and quantity of surface functional groups.After the activated carbon is pretreated with nitric acid,the surface acidity,interaction between activated carbon and CeO2 are improved.Accordingly,the dispersity of CeO2,the ratio of surface adsorbed oxygen and Ce3+ are also increased,significantly enhancing de-NOx and anti-SO2 performance of catalysts.The amount of oxygen and N-6 basic functional groups are increased after treated by urea.A large amount of oxygen and N-6 functional groups lead to increase of unstable groups and surface acidity of activated carbon,respectively.The combination of the two factors weaken the interaction between activated carbon and CeO2,resulting in decline of CeO2 dispersity,Ce3+ ratio and surface adsorbed oxygen.At last,activity and sulfur resistance performance of catalysts are descended.
  • FAN Shaohua, ZHAO Hongfeng, LIANG Wenxin, KANG Jiashuang, XIE Qingyun
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12180-12183. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.027
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    SnO2 pressure-sensitive ceramics is a new type of high-nonlinear and high-gradient pressure-sensitive ceramics.It has good stability in both acidic and alkaline environments,making it ideal for outdoor work.However,the comprehensive performance of SnO2 varistor is not comparable to that of mainstream ZnO varistor,especially the non-ohmic characteristics need to be further improved.In this paper,based on the basic formula of SnO2·CoO·Nb2O5·Cr2O3,different contents of Y2O3were added to explore the SnO2 varistor with better comprehensive performance through traditional sintering process.The formation mechanism of SnO2 varistor electrical characteristics was studied by SEM,E-J,C-V and X-ray diffraction.Results show that when adding 0.02mol% Y2O3,samples of the electrical properties of the best (voltage gradient of 763 v/mm,leakage current of 10.3 Ч A/cm2,nonlinear coefficient of 47.5).This study had important reference value for SnO2 rheostat with high nonlinear and low leakage current.
  • ZHI Xinxin, WEI Xinying, QI Haoran, WU Hao, ZHANG Yan, LIU Jingang, LIU Yangai
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12184-12191. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.028
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    1,3-Dimethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (MCBDA) was prepared by the ultraviolet (wavelength of 365 nm) irradiation photo-addition procedure with methyl maleic anhydride (MMA) as raw material and ethyl acetate as the solvent.Two organo-soluble polyimide (PI) resins,PI-1 (MCBDA-133APB) and PI-2 (MCBDA-BDAF) were prepared via a two-step chemical imidization procedure by the polymerization of MCBDA and aromatic diamine monomers,including 1,3-bis(3-aminophenoxy) benzene (133APB) and 2,2′-bis[(4-aminophenoxy) benzene]hexafluoropropane (BDAF),respectively.The MCBDA-PI resins showed good solubility in polar aprotic solvents,such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP).Colorless and transparent PI films were successfully prepared by the PI/NMP solution.Effects of the alicyclic structure on the heat resistance and optical properties of PI films were studied.The measurement results indicated that the MCBDA-PI films showed good thermal stability with the thermal decomposition temperatures (T5%) of 436.0 ℃ for PI-1 and 450.9 ℃ for PI-2,respectively.Meanwhile,the MCBDA-PI films exhibited excellent optical transparency in the visible region (400-700 nm).The transmittance of the PI-1 and PI-2 films at the wavelength of 400 nm was 76.0% and 86.0%,respectively.The yellowness index (b*) of the PI films was 2.06 and 1.64 for PI-1 and Pi-2,respectively.The haze values were all lower than 1.0%.The liquid crystal minicells were successfully assembled with PI-1 and PI-2 as the alignment films for liquid crystal molecules.The test results indicated that the rubbed MCBDA-PI alignment films could induce a pretilt angle of 1.3° and 4.4° for PI-1 and PI-2,respectively.The liquid crystal minicell fabricated with PI-1 alignment film showed a high voltage holding ratio over 98.00%.
  • CHEN Hongbing, ZHAO Rui, WANG Congcong, GONG Yutong, LI Baowu, SUN Junhui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12192-12197. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.029
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In this paper,a phase change microcapsule was prepared by in-situ polymerization with docane as core and titanium dioxide as shell.By DSC test,it was found that adding 5% mixture of liquid paraffin wax,the highest value of the phase change latent heat could be achieved.The phase change latent heat value in rising temperature was 174 J/g,and phase transition temperature was 45.5 ℃,while in exothermic phase,the phase change latent heat changed to 178 J/g and phase transition temperature was 35.5 ℃.Its various performance could meet the requirements of phase change microcapsules core material in this article.Phase change microcapsule microstructure electron microscopy test showed that the particles size of the phase-change microcapsule prepared in this paper was between 2~5 μm,which was spherical in shape with complete structure,smooth surface and good dispersion,where no damaged or larger agglomerated particles existed.The surface chemical elements of the phase change microcapsule only contained two chemical elements,Ti and O.The titanium dioxide completely covered the docosane without other impurities.It provided a favorable theoretical basis and data support for the application of phase change microcapsules in the heat carrying fluid of solar PV/T collector system in the future.
  • ZHANG Zengping, SUN Jia, WANG Feng, PENG Jiang, CHANG Pengtao, LIU Yichen
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12198-12203. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.030
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In view of the defects of poor flexibility of epoxy asphalt and easy cracks of asphalt pavement at low-temperature,in this study,epoxy resin (EP),polyurethane (PU) and No.90 base asphalt were selected to prepare EP/PU composite modified asphalt,and AC-13 asphalt mixture was prepared by using this binder.The reaction mechanism and microstructure of EP/PU composite modified asphalt were analyzed by Fourier infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and atomic force microscope (AFM).The high-temperature stability,low-temperature crack resistance and water stability of EP/PU composite modified asphalt mixture were studied by rutting test,trabecular bending test,immersion Marshall test and freeze-thaw splitting test,and compared with the performance of epoxy asphalt mixture and PU modified asphalt mixture.The results show that the epoxy group,acid anhydride carbonyl group C=O,-NCO and -OH could undergo chemical reactions during the composite modification process to form ether bond C-O-C and ester group C=O.Compared with the base asphalt,the "bee-shaped"structure in the composite modified asphalt was not obvious,the continuous phase and the dispersed phase were blurred,and the surface roughness and the contact area with the aggregate increased.EP/PU composite modified asphalt mixture had good road performance.The high-temperature stability and water stability of EP/PU composite modified asphalt mixture were slightly lower than that of epoxy asphalt mixture,but the low-temperature crack resistance was improved.
  • CHEN Li
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12204-12208. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.031
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Porous SiC ceramic membranes were prepared by oxidation sintering process with SiC powder as raw material,alumina (Al2O3) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) as additives,and graphite powder and polymethylmethacrylate (PMAA) as pore forming agents.The phase composition and microstructure of porous SiC ceramic membrane were analyzed by XRD and SEM.The effects of pore forming agent on porosity,pore size distribution and flexural strength of porous SiC ceramic membrane were studied.The results showed that the p-SiC ceramic membrane prepared by PMAA as pore forming agent had good porosity,pore size distribution and flexural strength.The porosity could reach 51 wt%,the average pore size was 0.69 μ m,and the flexural strength was (28.04±0.48) MPa.The results of XRD and SEM showed that the main crystalline phases of p-SiC ceramic membrane were SiC,Al2O3 and YAlO3,SiC crystal in p-SiC ceramic membrane was mainly spherical particles with uniform spacing.The particles were combined with each other to form a firm porous structure,and the particle diameter was larger than the pore size.The results of oil-water separation test showed that the membrane flux decreased rapidly in the first 10 min of the test,and stabilized and reached equilibrium after 50 min of the test.When the emulsion flow rate was 2 L/min and the pressure was 2.0 bar,the steady-state membrane flux of P-SiC ceramic membrane was 726 L/(m2·h),and the retention rate was 86.5%.
  • ZHANG Wenhao, CHEN Lejian, CAO Jinle, WU Lizhi, SHEN Ruiqi, YE Yinghua, ZHANG Wei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12209-12214. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.032
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The black silicon material with high-efficiency anti-reflection microstructure has important application value in the field of optoelectronics.In this paper,two-step metal-assisted chemical etching was used to prepare the "pyramid"silicon and "pyramid-nanowire"micro-nano composite black silicon materials.The field emission scanning electron microscope,near-infrared spectrometer and Raman spectroscopy were used in turn to characterize the microscopic morphology,reflectivity and structural properties of the samples.The quantum confinement model (QCM) was used to explain the mechanism of the obvious enhancement of the Raman spectrum scattered light intensity of black silicon,and the light trapping model and multilayer film interference theory were used to analyze the anti-reflection mechanism of the black silicon microstructure.The results show that the average reflectivity of the black silicon material,with the micro-nano composite structure,in the band of 900 nm~1 700 nm was 11.94%,which was reduced by 77.32% and 54.95% compared with the pyramidal silicon and the polished silicon wafer,respectively.The analysis of Raman spectroscopy shows that there was no change in the black silicon material compositions before and after etching.It was still single crystal silicon wafer.The nano-scale microstructure on the surface of the black silicon increased the intensity of the Raman spectrum scattered light.The decrease in reflectivity of black silicon was due to the fact that the incident light was repeatedly reflected inside the micro-nano structure.Also,the refractive index gradient layer was established between the micro-nano structure to reduce the reflection caused by the sudden change in refractive index.The research conclusion had reference value for improving the laser absorption efficiency of functional materials in the near-infrared band.
  • SHUAI Huan, DU Gaoxiang, WANG Jiao, LI Ning, MIAO Qian
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2020, 51(12): 12215-12220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.12.033
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    As a new type of environmental treatment technology,TiO2 photocatalysis technology can be applied to sewage treatment,air purification and other fields.TiO2 has the advantages of non-toxic,harmless,economical,high photocatalytic efficiency and no secondary pollution,but the catalytic efficiency is not high.The efficiency of the photocatalyst can be effectively improved by loading and doping.In this paper,using TBOT as the titanium source,carbonized glucose as the carbon source,and refined diatomite as the carrier,TiO2-C@diatomite composite photocatalyst was prepared by the sol-gel method and the in-situ carbonization method.The experimental results show that the best preparation process was C loading of 20%,loading method was first loading C and then loading TiO2,and calcination method was calcination in isolation of air.The degradation rate of the composite photocatalyst obtained was 96.4%.After recovered and continued to degrade 5 times,the degradation rate of the composite photocatalyst obtained was 86.3%.