30 December 2018, Volume 49 Issue 12
    

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    Focuses & Concerns(The Project of ChongqingPress Fund in 2017)
  • HE Hanbing, MA Xiaopeng, LI Zhongpu, ZHANG Hui, REN Qian
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12001-12006. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.001
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    In this paper, Cox/MIL-100(Fe)(1/4CTAB)(x=1/5, 1/10, 1/20) was obtained by solvothermal method and the Co1/10/MIL-100(Fe)(1/4CTAB) had a more regular appearance whose denitration rate was about 45% at 150 ℃ and 90% at 180 ℃. Cox/MIL-100(Fe)(1/4CTAB)(x=1/5, 1/10, 1/20) was used as precursors to carbonize in different atmosphere and then a series of Fe-CoxOy/C(x=1/5,1/10,1/20) samples were obtained. The physicochemical characterization of the prepared catalyst was carried out. The results showed that Fe-Co1/10Oy/C(CO) has the better low temperature denitrification performance, which was carbonized for two hours at 800 ℃ and an atmosphere of reduction using Co1/10/MIL-100(Fe)(1/4CTAB) as the precursor, with denitrification rate of 85% and 95% at 150 and 180 ℃, respectively.
  • NIU Pingjian, XIE Tian, YUAN An, TANG Hao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12007-12016. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.002
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    The nickel-rich LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 material, which has the advantages of high energy density, relative low-cost, etc. as a cathode material of lithium ion batteries for vehicle application, has attracted intense attention. Recent advances are mainly focused on fixing the issues of poor cycling stability, rate performance and thermal properties of the material. In this paper, the recent achievements of this material in terms of material synthesis, ion doping and surface coating were summarized respectively. The effects of synthesis conditions and post-treatments towards cycling stability, rate performance and thermal properties of the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 material were also discussed.
  • YIN Meng, ZHANG Xiumei, HU Yinchun, WEI Yan, DU Jingjing, LIAN Xiaojie, HUANG Di
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12017-12022. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.003
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    Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit excellent strength and toughness, large aspect ratio and specific surface area, and special mechanical, electrical, magnetic and optical properties. Meanwhile, CNTs show preferable biocompatibility and biofunction. What’s more, CNTs can be easily modified by researchers because of their unique structure. Therefore, excellent CNTs based composites were widely used in the field of biomedical materials. In this present review, the applications of CNTs and CNTs based composites in the field of nerve tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, vascular repair and angiogenesis, and drug or gene carriers were discussed. Moreover, the biosecurity is one of the crucial issues in the field of biomedical materials. It has attracted more attention for the researchers. The progressive directions of the important issues are also discussed and expected.
  • LIU Wanmin, QIN Mulan, DENG Jiyong, GUO Haihua, HONG Tianli
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12023-12031. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.004
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    Nickel-rich LiNiO2-based cathode materials have attracted extensive research interest owing to their high capacity and low cost. However, their poor storage property has not brought to enough attention. In this paper, the progress in recent researches on the storage property of these cathode materials are presented, and the studies for developing nickel-rich LiNiO2-based cathode materials with improved storage property are summarized. Simultaneously, it is also pointed out that the best method of improving the storage property is to prepare coated or gradient cathode materials based on the nickel-rich LiNiO2-based cathode materials as the bulk phase and other electrochemical active materials as the exterior phase.
  • SHI Kai, LI Mengyu, LI Qiaoling
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12032-12038. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.005
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    The PPD/Graphene complexe (PRG) was prepaerd by hydrothermal process with p-phenylenediamine (PPD) as reducer. The effects of PPD content on the morphology, interlayer spacing and electrochemical properties of compound were investigated. The properties of structure and morphology of the compound were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) , atomic force microscope (AFM), X ray diffraction (XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman Spectra, and the electrochemical capability of the compound was tested by three electrode system. The results demonstrated that the thickness and the transverse size of graphene lay of the PRG are 0.4 nm and 1 μm, and the maximum interlayer spacing of compound is0.944125 nm. The composite electrode is characterized by double layer capacitor and pseudo capacitor with a specific capacitance of 320.50 F/g, and the specific retention rate is 92% after 1 000 cycles. The analyses of impedance spectra clearly indicated that compound was ideal than graphene in facilitating the migration/transfer of the charge.
  • Review & Advance
  • AI Zhiyong, YE Kuai, YU Bo, JIANG Xianglin, WANG Kai, YU Qijun, WEI Jiangxiong, JIANG Jinyang, SUN Wei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12039-12044. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.006
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    Steel corrosion has been a major disease leading to the premature failure of reinforced concrete structures. Using migrating corrosion inhibitors to make rehabilitation and protection for reinforced concrete structures which are being corroded by chloride, is an effective measure to prolong the durability of structures. In this paper, the current states of research and application about some common migrating corrosion inhibitors at home and abroad and the existing problems related were reviewed. On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the advantages and defects of main migrating corrosion inhibitors and the action mechanisms, the new assumptions for designing migrating corrosion inhibitors with high efficiency and performance were proposed. Also, key research direction of migrating corrosion inhibitors using technologies in the future was pointed out.
  • BANG Yu, CHEN Qingchun, LIU Xing, DUAN Longfan, YAN Lean, DENG Huiyu
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12045-12055. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.007
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    Due to its superior characteristics, such as tailoring framework structure, high specific area, high porosity, adjustable chemical and thermal properties, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted much attention in the areas of absorption, sensors, catalyst and separation, etc. Based on the introduction of preparation methods for MOFs and membranes containing MOFs, in the paper, the effects of MOFs, such as functional group, particle size, morphology, pore size, dosage and other influence factors on the performances of the membranes were emphasized. The future research trends of the MOFs membrane were also suggested.
  • LI Chunyan, DING Juanqiang, ZHU Fuping, YIN Jinfeng, WANG Zheng, ZNAO Yanchun, KOU Shengzhong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12056-12061. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.008
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    Thermal spraying technology can be used for surface protection and strengthening, which is widely used in all walks of life. Because the thermal spraying technology has a very fast cooling rate, which meets the basic conditions of forming amorphous, and Fe-based amorphous alloy has excellent properties such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the Fe-based amorphous alloy coating prepared by this technology has excellent performance. This will bring economic benefits to many industries. In this article, the research progress of many method to prepare Fe-based amorphous coatings, such as plasma spraying, high velocity oxy-fuel and other technologies was reviewed.
  • XU Bingjie, CHEN Qi, LIU Pengfei, LU Weihua, HAN Zhao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12062-12070. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.009
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    High emissivity materials are widely used in many fields where heat transfers though infrared radiation. Extensive theoretical and experimental efforts have been made to synthesize and investigate high emissivity materials. In this paper, the progress of high emissivity materials in recent years was reviewed and the radiation of mechanism was briefly summarized. Based on these literature reviews, the prospect will be presented in the concluding remarks.
  • WANG Shuai, WANG Zhen, QIU Junjie, YANG Hui
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12071-12078. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.010
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    CO2 is the main cause of greenhouse gases, but it can be also severed as potential carbon energy. In this paper, the current research progress of nanomaterials include zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterials for the catalytic reduction of CO2was mainly introduced. The recent works from different groups with three dimensional nanostructures for the catalytic reduction of CO2 were reviewed. The material structures, catalytic properties and reaction mechanisms were narrated and the advantages of each type of nanomaterials with different dimensions were summarized. Finally, the development and application prospects of CO2 catalytic reduction were prospected.
  • ZHOU Liucong, LUO Jianlin, LI Qiuyi, CHEN Shuaichao, ZHANG Jigang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12079-12083. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.011
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    PVDF piezoelectric films are widely used in engineering structure monitoring system due to their small size, light weight, high stability, high sensitivity and low production cost. In this paper, the basic feature, function principle, and static/dynamic sensing characteristic of PVDF piezoelectric film are summarized, and the advantages of PVDF film as strain sensor in the local monitoring of engineering structures or components are concluded. The use of PVDF piezoelectric film as a sensing element in the actual monitoring of engineering applications are illustrated, and its application prospects in structural monitoring are also expected.
  • FU Yongjun, SU Haolu, LIAO Qingling, LEI Jialiu, ZHAO Dongnan, ZHANG Yucheng
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12084-12090. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.012
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    It’s difficult to produce high silicon steel with excellent magnetic properties by conventional rolling method because of its room temperature brittleness. There are five preparation technologies of special rolling method for high silicon steel introduced in this paper, such as the method of alloy increasing ductility, embed-rolling, powder rolling, warm rolling and cast-rolling. Definition, production principle, research methods and contents, process parameters and existing problems for each rolling method are given. Main advantages and application fields of high silicon steel are summarized. Development of high silicon steel and research direction of rolling method are prospected. It is analyzed that high silicon steel is the ideal alternative material for common silicon steel especially in high frequency information field at the days growing tension in the energy. High silicon steel will certainly be got the high concern and rapid development as a kind of energy-efficient electromagnetic material. Rolling technology combining cast-rolling method with warm rolling method will be the main research direction for rolling method of high silicon steel in the future.
  • Research & Development
  • ZHAO Binhao, Maihemuti·Maimaiti, Mamatrishat·Mamat, WANG Jiaou, Kurash·Iburash
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12091-12095. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.013
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    A series of ZnS thin films with a thickness of 400 nm were grown on Si substrate by pulsed laser deposition, and an in-situ annealing treatment was performed to obtain a single-crystal zinc blende ZnS thin film. It was reported for the first time that the single-crystal ZnS film with a cubic structure of sphalerite was obtained after in-situ annealing treatment, and the film was preferentially grown along the (111) crystal plane. The relationship between the crystal quality and the annealing process was also studied. The results show that as the annealing temperature increased, the average grain size of the film increased from 13.357 nm at 200 ℃ to 27.232 nm at 400 ℃, while the average roughness of the film decreased from 2.05 to 1.14 nm. The ZnS film prepared by pulsed laser deposition showed excellent single crystal orientation growth and good surface flatness after annealing at 400 ℃, which provided an experimental solution for the study of single-crystal ZnS film.
  • LI Xin, LI Huirong, LI Mengxing, ZHANG Hongbo, HUANG Yongzhi, LI Yungang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12096-12100. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.014
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    The effects of different hot dip temperatures on the element distribution and coating thickness of pure zinc coating and Zn-11%Al-3%Mg-0.2%Si-0.02%RE alloy coating were investigated and the phases in the two coatings were investigated. The effects of different hot dip temperatures on the flexural strength and hardness of the coated samples were also studied. The results show that the thickness of both coatings decreased with the increase of hot dip coating temperature. With the temperature of hot dip coating increasing, the diffusion barrier layer was rapidly destroyed, and the Al content in the alloy coating decreased. According to the XRD results, the interior of pure zinc coating mainly included Zn and FeZn8.75, while the interior of the alloy coating mainly included Zn, Fe4Zn9, MgZn2 and Al5Fe2. The bending resistance test and hardness test results showed that the flexural strength of the two samples decreased with the increase of hot dip temperature. The hardness of pure zinc coating samples decreased with the increase of hot dip temperature, while the hardness of alloy coating samples increased with the increase of hot dip temperature.
  • LI Mengxing, MENG Xianghai, ZHANG Hongbo, LI Xin, LIU Yabin, LI Yungang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12101-12106. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.015
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    In the NaCl-KCl-NaF-WO3 molten salt system, dense Ni-W functionally graded material (FGM) was prepared under pulsed current for 10 min, with molten salt temperature of 700 ℃ and current density of 50 mA/cm2. The influence of the composition of molten salt, current density and other factors on the surface morphology and thickness of the deposited layer was studied. The composition and cross-sectional morphology of the sample were analyzed. The results show that when the molar ratio of molten salt was n(NaCl)∶n(KCl)∶n(NaF)∶n(WO3)=0.3385∶0.3385∶0.25∶0.073 and the current density was 50 mA/cm2, a dense, uniform and metallic Ni-W deposition layer with a certain metallic luster could be obtained.
  • ZHAO Dongmei, BAI Li, LIU Yu, ZANG linlin, LI Jian
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12107-12112. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.016
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    In order to prepare new adsorbent with low cost, strong adsorption, high efficiency and environmental friendliness, the nanofibers were prepared by uniaxial electrospinning with the mixed solution of polymethacrylic acid and cellulose acetate as the spinning solution. TEM, FT-IR and XPS showed that the fibers had obvious core-shell structure. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of the fibers were also characterized. Then, the effects of pH, initial ion concentration, adsorption time and cellulose acetate content on the adsorption of two valence cupric ion on fiber were studied. Finally, the factors affecting fiber reutilization were studied by adsorption and desorption tests. The results show that nanofibers with core-shell structure could effectively adsorb two valence cupric ions, and achieve recycling of materials through repeated adsorption and desorption.
  • XIU Huijuan, CHENG Rui, LI Jinbao, SONG Te
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12113-12117. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.017
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    Second fiber was epoxidated by using epichlorohydrin as etherifying agent. Effects of reaction time and reaction temperature on degree of substitution and epoxy value of the modified fiber were studied.It was indicated that they increases with prolonging of reaction time or increment of reaction temperature under 70 ℃. The characteristic absorption peaks of epoxidated fibers were observed from IR spectrum, which showed a lot of hydroxyls on the fiber surface were replaced by the methyl epoxy group of epichlorohydrin. The calculations based on XRD photo showed the crystallinity was reduced to 21.40% with the increased gap between molecular chains of modified fiber. TGA analysis indicated that thermal stability of fibers decreased slightly after modification. It was concluded in this paper that the rate constant of epoxidation of second fiber was ordered by 0.11, 0.25, 0.35 under reaction temperature of 60,70 and 80 ℃, respectively. Activation energy of fiber epoxidation was 48.14 kJ/mol.
  • ZHU Qin, JI Jingou, WANG Dan, GUO Yuanyuan, LIU Yuehua, HAO Shilei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12118-12122. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.018
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    In order to achieve the entrapment of hydrophobic drugs and hydrophilic drugs, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)/polyisopropyl acrylamide (PNIPAm) hydrogels were prepared by free radical polymerization and physical cross-linking. Methotrexate (MTX) and calcium folinate (CaF) were selected as model drugs. The physicochemical properties of the hydrogels and their release behaviors in vitro were investigated by using phase transition analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV). The results showed that the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the hydrogel was 32.6 ℃. The hydrogel was connected to a 3D porous structure with a pore size of 30 to 80 μm. The addition of HPMC helps to entrap the hydrophobic drug. The addition of HPMC facilitates the entrapment of hydrophobic drugs and the sustained release of the drug. In vitro release showed that the release rate of CaF was slightly higher than that of MTX. When MTX was released, part of CaF was already present in its surrounding environment, indicating that the hydrogel may have better effects of preventing serious adverse reactions caused by excessive MTX or high-dose application.
  • YE Xiaoai, ZHANG Jiali, GUAN Tingting
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12123-12128. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.019
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    To improve the sensitivity of sensor of CuO, the carbon matrix composite(rGO/NPAN) was electropolymerized on a glassy carbon electrode at first with the functioned NAN and GO as raw materials, and then the CuO/rGO/NPAN sensor was fabricated for the determination of NO2- by cycle voltammetry in the presence of PBS in this work.The strong adsorption of N-substituted carboxylic polyaniline, great surface area and high conductivity of reduced gaphene oxide can make copper dioxide loaded well and improve electrocatalytic properties of CuO/rGO/NPAN sensor. The structure of the composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the factors, such as pH values and scanning rates were discussed in terms of electrochemical activity and electrocatalytic activity. The electrochemical properties of the CuO/rGO/NPAN sensor were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, chromatography and electrochemical impedance. Experimental results show that the modified electrode had good catalytic effect to nitrite oxidation. Compared with copper dioxide modified electrode, CuO/rGO/NPAN modified electrode had lower detection potential, higher response current and sensitivity to nitrite. The linear range was (0.5×10-6)-(7.4×10-3)mol/L and (7.4×10-3)-(22.9×10-3) mol/L, the sensitivity was 32.317 μA/(mmol·L), and the detection limit of 0.15 mol/L (S/N=3). The prepared sensor was successfully applied for the determination for NO2- in practical samples and the recovery ranged from 99% to 112%.
  • GUO Weiwei, ZHOU Qilin, LU Weili
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12129-12136. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.020
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    Formaldehyde is the main gas of the indoor air pollution, which seriously damages people’s health. Currently, SnO2 is the main gas sensor materials. In this work, SnO2 nanocubes with various Ni-doped concentrations were successfully fabricated by one-step hydrothermal method. Technologies of XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, BET, and UV-Vis were used to characterize the morphological and structural properties of the products, while the corresponding gas sensing properties were determined by using formaldehyde (HCHO) as the target gas. The results revealed that Ni doping into SnO2 nanocubes improved its gas sensing performance efficiently and the optimal Ni doping concentration in SnO2 was 4at%, but further increased doping concentration was adverse to the gas sensing performance of SnO2. Finally, the gas sensing mechanism of Ni doped SnO2 was proposed from the aspects of structural and surface defects. Ni doped SnO2 increased the specific surface area, providing more pores and intervals, which were beneficial for the adsorption and desorption of the gas molecules. Meanwhile, the band gap of SnO2 was narrowed and more oxygen vacancies were produced, which reduced the working temperature and give rise to absorbed oxygen, so the gas sensing performance of SnO2 were optimized.
  • QIAO Hongxia, LI Jiangchuan, WEN Shaoyong, WANG Penghui, GUO Xiangke
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12137-12143. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.021
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    In order to solve the corrosion problem of reinforcement in magnesium chloride cement concrete, the accelerated corrosion test of magnesium chloride cement coated reinforced concrete was carried out by solution immersion, according to the natural environment in the saline soil area in Western China. The corrosion polarization curve of bare steel bar and coated steel bar in magnesium chloride cement concrete was measured by electrochemical test. The corrosion degree of the steel surface was analyzed, and its products were analyzed by SEM and XRD micro test. Finally, it is concluded that the coating could protect the steel bar from corrosion in different environment by analyzing the open circuit potential, corrosion rate and corrosion current density. After the final corrosion was stable, the corrosion current density of the coated steel bar was 1/20 of that of the exposed steel bar, and the corrosion rate was consistent with the change of the corrosion current density, thus the coating had a good anticorrosion effect on the reinforcement in the concrete of magnesium oxychloride cement.
  • ZHANG Yi, GAO Yuanyuan, ZHANG Hao, LIU Di
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12144-12147. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.022
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    In the experiment, corn starch was used as raw material to prepare two kinds of modified starch as additives for wool oil. The grafted acrylamide carboxymethylated composite modified starch was prepared by grafting two steps of acrylamide and carboxymethylation, so that the modified starch had the properties of both acrylamide grafted starch and carboxymethyl starch. The cross-linked starch prepared by using sodium trimerate as a cross-linking agent could increase the viscosity stability and adhesion of the starch. The prepared modified starch was subjected to infrared spectrum analysis, gel permeation chromatography analysis, and determination of solubility and other physical and chemical properties, which provided theoretical and experimental references for the industrial application of starch-based polymer surfactants in wool spinning processing.
  • WU Chuanbao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12148-12152. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.023
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    During preparing YBa2Cu3O7-x (Y123) films using chemical solution deposition, temperature and oxygen partial pressure are important factors affecting film orientation. However, the Y123 film with the a-axis preferred orientation is difficult to achieve by altering only the both parameters of temperature and oxygen partial pressure, when the metal ion ratio of Y∶Ba∶Cu in the film is 1∶2∶3. The main reason is that the influence of the film composition on its orientation is neglected. In this paper, the effect of copper content in Y123 precursor solution on the orientation evolution of Y123 film was investigated. The study found that the Cu content in the precursor solution has a great influence on the orientation of the film. In the obtained film component, if the Cu content is excessive, the a-axis orientation is favored; if the Cu content is insufficient, the c-axis orientation is favored. With the increase of Cu content in the Y123 precursor solution, the growth window of the a-axis oriented film has an increasing tendency. When the metal ion ratio Y∶Ba∶Cu is 1∶2∶4, the degree of a-axis orientation of the film reaches a maximum, and the maximum value is about 70%.
  • Process & Technology
  • WANG Qinggang, YAN Shu, MENG Wenqing, RONG Yedong, ZHANG Shuhao, YANG Jinlong
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12153-12160. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.024
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    After mixing gangue powder and bentonite powder in different propertions and adding binders to ball milling, coal gangue/bentonite composite microspheres were prepared by spry drying method and calcination subsequently. The effects of calcining temperature, composite microsphere dosage, contact time, concentration of dye and copper ions on the adsorption properties of methylene and copper ions were investigated systematically. Results show that coal gangue/bentonite composite microspheres were porous structure and have complete spherical structure. When the composite microsphere with the compounding ratio of 1∶1 were calcined at 600 ℃, the adsorption and removal efficiency of 80 mg/L Cu2+ at the dosage of 2 g/L were 39.94 mg/g and 99.85%, and 7.85 mg/g and 47.07% of 100 mg/L methylene blue at the dosage of 6 g/L, respectively.The adsorption process could be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Composite microspheres were easy to adsorb and the adsorption process was monolayer. The composite microspheres had a significant adsorption effect on copper ions, and a certain removal effect on methylene blue as well.
  • YANG Ziming, LI Puwang, YANG Zhuohong, LI Sidong, TAO Jinlong, WANG Chao, LYU Mingzhe, ZHOU Chuang
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12161-12165. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.025
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    In this paper, firstly, the methyl eleostearate (ME) was prepared via transesterification of tung with methanol, then epoxidized methyl eleostearat (EME) was synthesized via the reaction of methyl eleostearate with hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid under the catalysis of concentrated phosphoric acid. Finally, the tung oil based polyol (TO-based polyol) was acquired through the reaction of EME with diethanolamine (DEA) using cationic photoinitiators (triarylsulfonium salts) as catalytst via ultraviolet photocatalysis. The products were confirmed by the characterization results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results showed that TAS could catalyze the ring-opening reaction of EME with DEA under UV irradiation, and the hydroxyl value of TO-based polyol was 599.54 mg KOH/g and the average relative molecular mass was 544.
  • YE Changmei, TIAN Yabin, WANG Zhaowen, YANG Shaohua
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12166-12169. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.026
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    The electrochemical reduction mechanism of Ta5+on the tungsten electrode at1 073 K was studied through the methods of cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry using NaCl-KCl and K2TaF7 as molten salt and raw material. The results showed that the electrochemical reduction of Ta5+ on the tungsten electrode is a five-electron transition process by one step in 49wt%KCl-51wt%NaCl-5wt%K2TaF7 molten salt at 1 073 K. The electrode reaction is Ta2+ + 5e- → Ta and the reduction potential of Ta5+ is at around -1.6 V on a tungsten electrode as compared with a platinum electrode. During depositing process, the nuclear polarization phenomenon is observed. The depositing process of Ta is an quasi-reversible reaction. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry indicated that the reduction of Ta5+ on tungsten electrodes process is controlled by the diffusion step of ions and the diffusion coefficient is calculated to be 7.48806×10-5 cm2/s in 49wt%KCl-51wt%NaCl-5wt%K2TaF7 molten salt at 1 073 K.
  • SU Jingxin, ZHANG Yiying, WU Xinxin, LUO Chen, YANG Yongjin, ZHAN Zhongwei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12170-12174. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.027
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    The influences of different chemical conversion processes on the properties of TC4 titanium alloy, including the film morphology and composition, the paint adhesion, the galvanic corrosion coupled with aluminum were studied. Different films were formed on the surface of TC4 titanium alloy by following conversion process (BAC5861) from Boeing company and the other two RT5-1 and RN5-1 conversion processes developed by Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, differently. The galvanic corrosion was tested by using the relevant equipment. The film adhesion was checked through cross cut tests. Results showed that the film formed by BAC5861 was consisted by Na3TiOF5. The adhesion level of the paints that deposited on the films by using BAC5861, RT5-1 and RN5-1 were level 9, level 10 and level 6, and the galvanic corrosion resistance level coupled with aluminum alloys were level D, level D and level C, respectively. The adhesion property of the paints could be much improved either by using RT5-1 process or BAC5861 process, while the galvanic corrosion resistance could be enhanced by either RT5-1 process or RN5-1 process. Combining adhesion property and galvanic corrosion resistance, RT5-1 process was the optimal process compared to RN5-1 process and BAC5861 process.
  • HE Ting, TANG Donglin, WEI Yanhong, FENG Chuangui, LI Ruihai
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12175-12178. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.028
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    A simple Schiff-based coordination compound (L2Cu) based on 1, 8-naphthalimide derivatives was evaluated as a fluorescent transducer for the detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Its structure was characterized by using IR and 1H NMR. The behavior of L2Cu towards H2S was investigated by UV spectrum and fluorescence spectroscopy in DMF. The fluorescence spectrum of L2Cu showed a weak fluorescence, and a strong fluorescence recovery was recorded with the addition of NaHS, which indicated the feasibility of detection for H2S. The response for H2S initiated in 20 s and completed in 2 min. In addition, a concentration response curve of L2Cu was obtained with a red-shift in fluorescence spectrum. All the results showed that the L2Cu may be applied to detect H2S rapidly and sensitively, and the limit of detection was 1.68 μmol/L through the calibration curve. A series of properties of the L2Cu indicated a potential application in reversible fluorescent transducer for detection of H2S.
  • HE Chang’an, WANG Qingguo, QU Zhaoming, LU Pin, WANG Yan
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12179-12183. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.029
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    In order to reveal the field-induced phase transformation of VO2 thin films and guide the industrial scale production and application of vanadium oxide, VO2 thin film was prepared on a sapphire substrate by magnetron sputtering DC sputtering process. XRD and SEM measurements were performed on the films. The effects of sputtering partial pressure of oxygen, sputtering temperature and sputtering pressure on the crystal structure, grain growth trends and crystal surface structure were analyzed. The field transition characteristics of VOx thin films were tested and studied and the switching characteristics of VOx thin films were analyzed. The influence of sputtering oxygen-argon ratio on the critical field interval and the multiple of conductivity change was summarized. It is concluded that the substrate temperature has a great influence on the film-forming speed, grain size and the grain clearance. The effect of the sputtering pressure on the crystal growth of the film is significant. The oxygen Fractal pressure is an important factor affecting the film component. The oxygen argon ratio will affect the variation of the conductivity of the film and the critical phase variable voltage range.
  • WEI Xianxian, WANG Xiaoxiao, CAO Yanzhi, GAO Libing, GUO Shaoqing
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12184-12189. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.030
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    The high performance mesoporous TiO2 material were synthesized through a solvothermal method with tetrabutyl titanate as the precursor. The impact of preparation conditions and surfactants on the texture of TiO2 were investigated. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photodegradation of Rhodamine B under simulated sunlight irradiation. The sample P123-150-24 exhibits superior photocatalytic activity towards the photodegradation of Radanmine B, which owns an enhancement in photocatalytic rate of up to 1.69-fold higher than that of P25 catalyst. The reaction mechanism is a direct semiconductor photoexcitation process and the main active species during the photodegradation process are photogenerated holes (h+), ·OH radicals (·OH), electrons (e-) and superoxide radical anions (·O2-) in turn.
  • FAN Jinshi, LEI Dong, DUAN Jiaxin, XU Guiyun, ZHU Haitao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12190-12194. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.031
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    A series of modified mesh were prepared by dipping coated method with chitosan and nano-titanium as raw material and stainless steel mesh as substrate. The influence of concentration of chitosan, concentration of nano-titanium and different dipping orders on hydrophilicity/oleophobicity underwater of modified meshes was studied. These modified stainless steel meshes were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and contact angle tester. And the separation efficiency was tested. The results demonstrated that when the outside was nano-titanium and the concentration of nano-titanium was 2wt%, the underwater oil contact angle was as high as135° and the separation efficiency was 99.02%. When the outside was chitosan and the concentration of chitosan was 0.36wt%, the underwater oil contact angle was as high as133° and the separation efficiency was 99.43%. When blending chitosan and nano-titanium, the optimizing blends condition was 0.09wt% chitosan and 2wt% nano-titanium. In this condition, the underwater oil contact angle was as high as138° and the separation efficiency was 99.13%. The modified stainless steel meshes prepared had excellent hydrophilicity/oleophobicity underwater property for oil-water separation.
  • SONG Meihui, TANG Yali, LU Lixin, WANG Jun, QIU Xiaolin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12195-12199. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.032
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    In this paper, waxy superhydrophobic coatings were prepared by ultrasonically dispersing hydrophobic nano-silica in a carnauba wax/ethyl acetate suspension. The superhydrophobic coatings were prepared on the surface of the glass sheet by a dip-coated method. The effects of the concentration of carnauba wax in ethyl acetate, the addition amount of hydrophobic nano-silica and the drying method on hydrophobic of superhydrophobic coatings was studied by single factor experiment. The contact angle, rolling angle and anti-adhesion performance under different factors were analyzed. The results showed that when the concentration of carnauba wax in ethyl acetate was 4 g/100 mL, the amount of nano-silica added was 1/2 of the mass of carnauba wax, and naturally dried at room temperature, the hydrophobic of the coatings was optimum. In this condition, the contact angle and roll angle of the hydrophobic coatings was 150.60 and 6°, respectively. Moreover, the coatings are applicable onto different substrates (e.g., glass slide, PE film, BOPP film and aluminum-plastic composite film) .Through the test of adhesion to yoghurt, it was found that the coating exhibited good anti-adhesion properties on various substrate surfaces, and the yogurt could roll freely thereon. Using the heat-sealing time as an index, the heat-sealing property after application of the coating was tested. It was found that the application of the coating did not affect the heat-sealing property of the high-temperature resistant material such as the aluminum-plastic composite film.
  • ZHANG Changsong, ZHAO Kedi, CHEN Boxin, LEI Chunyao, SHI Yujie
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12200-12204. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.033
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    The BaTiO3 flake crystallites were prepared by ion-exchange using Ba4Ti13O30 as an intermediate product prepared by a two-step molten salt method. The crystal structure and microstructure of the molten salt reaction product were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results show that when NaCl molten salt is used at 1 050 ℃ for 3 h and the mass ratio of molten salt to the total reactants is 1∶1, pure BaTiO3 crystallites can be prepared. The grain size is 16 μm, the thickness is 1 μm, and the dispersibility is good. The XRD pattern shows that the grains exist as pure BaTiO3 phase. Tabular grains synthesized by this method can be used as a template for textured ceramics.
  • XU Baosong, CHEN Qi, QIU Ben, XU Bingjie, HAN Zhao
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12205-12210. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.034
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    Nano-silicon powder was prepared by mechanical ball milling using deionized water, n-hexane and absolute ethanol as process control agents. The effects of polar solvent and non-polar solvent as process control agents on the chemical composition, particle size, morphology, dispersibility and phase composition of nano-silicon powder prepared by ball milling were investigated. The results show that when anhydrous ethanol and deionized water are used as process control agents, the hydroxyl group can effectively improve the agglomeration of the powder. However, as the silicon powder is refined to the nanometer level, the hydroxide ions in the water convert some of the nano silicon powder into silanol, thereby aggravating agglomeration. When the amount of ethanol is 3 mL/g, after ball milling for 48 h, it is possible to stably prepare a nano-silica powder with a particle size distribution of 30-50 nm, good dispersibility, no X-ray diffraction pattern, and steady state SiOx layer with spherical shape and a surface of about 2 nm. Compared with the gas phase synthesis of nano silicon powder in the industry, in this study, the feasibility of physical synthesis of nano silicon powder is explored.
  • DING Houyuan, SHANG Shaoming, GU Dan, QIN Gaomin, LIU Hao, ZHAO Beibei
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12211-12216. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.035
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    Submicron tetragonal barium titanate with good uniformity was prepared by low temperature solid state reaction using alpha titanic acid and barium hydroxide octahydrate as raw materials. Effect of calcination process (calcination temperature, calcination time, heating rate and calcination method) on microstructure, crystal phase content, grain size and crystal phase transition temperature of barium titanate were studied. The as-prepared barium titanate samples were characterized by SEM, XRD and Raman, etc. The results indicate that tetragonal barium titanate with submicron grain size can be transformed from the metastable cubic barium titanate at 300 ℃. The barium titanate is mainly in the grain shape of a cube at 600 ℃ and composed of tetragonal barium titanate at 700 ℃. So both the crystal phase transition temperature and the calcination temperature are significantly lower than the conventional temperature.
  • CHEN Meiyu, LAN Lin
    Journal of Functional Materials. 2018, 49(12): 12217-12220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2018.12.036
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    Method for the determination of silicon in high performance ceramic was established by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Several influencing factors were studied, including the flux for fusion sample preparation, the dilution ratio between flux and sample, the mold release, the fusion temperature and time. Besides, the mechanism of the factors wasalso discussed. It was found that the sample could be well prepared under the following conditions: the mass ratio of anhydrous lithium tetraborate, lithium carbonate and sample was 8.0∶1.5∶0.2, the fusion temperature was 1 050 ℃, the prefusion time was 5 min and the fusion time was 10 min. The developed method was linear over the range assayed with determination coefficient of 0.9997, when the mass concentration of silicon was between 55% and 70%. The detection limit of the method was 0.81%. Recovery study was performed at 0.02 g for silicon, and the recoveries ranged from 98.5% to 99.0%. The method has been applied to the detection of daily ceramic samples.