30 August 2012, Volume 43 Issue 16
    

  • Select all
    |
    综述
  • ;Qiu-ye LI
    . 2012, 43(16): 1-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Ag-based plasmon resonance photocatalysts attracted much attention because of their special physico-chemical properties in the fields of photocatalytic decomposition of pollutants, water splitting, and biological sensor. Especially for the Ag/AgX(X=Cl,Br,I), they became the hot topic of the visible-light-responded photocatalysis because of their high photocatalytic activity. In this review, the development of the Ag-based plasmon resonance photocatalysts in the recent years was summarised, and the photocatalytic reaction mechanism was discussed in detail. Ag-based plasmon resonance catalysts have the merits of simple preparation, low cost of raw materials, and high photocatalytic activity, so they will have a bright development prospect in the pratical photocatalysis.
  • 研究与开发
  • . 2012, 43(16): 2-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The iron core described in this article was coated with a triple-coated layer. XRD and BH analyzer were applied to investigate the structure and magnetic properties of iron cores. The samples with a triple-Coated layer had a good soft magnetic property with an excellent temperature stability for the initial permeability at the frequency of 1kHz and a lower loss 115.6mW/cm3 at f=1kHz and Bm=1T.
  • WANG Xiao Dan ;
    . 2012, 43(16): 3-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chlorate ([BMIM]ClO3) was synthesized with N-methylimidazolium and characterized by IR, NMR and DSC-TGA. Some physical chemistry properties concerned, such as density, surface tension, viscosity, electrical conductivity as well as electrochemical window, were investigated and solvent performance was also studied. The results show that this kind of ionic liquid is a new excellent electrolyte with low viscosity, high electrical conductivity. All of density, surface tension and viscosity of the ionic liquid decrease with increase of temperature. While electrical conductivity increases with increasing temperature and in accord with Arrhenius equation. In addition, the ionic liquid is soluble in most conventional solvents and some metal oxides have high solubility in it, which lays the foundation of applying it in the fields such as mineral separation and direct electrolysis of metal oxides.
  • ; ;;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 4-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The effect of the photocatalytic degradation of pesticide residues and hazardous chemicals in tabacco using nanomaterial of TiO2-ZnO compound and the affect of the processing time was discussed. The results indicated that the nanomaterial had high activity, the longer the dispose time, the higher degradation rate of pesticide residues and nitrite in tabacco.
  • . 2012, 43(16): 5-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Polypyrrole(PPy) and polypyrrole/graphene(PPy/GNs) electrode composites were prepared via electrochemical polymerization and chemical reduction from pyrrole(Py) and GO(graphite oxide). Fracture morphology and electric performance of the composites are characterized by Scanning electron microscope and VMP2 Electrochemical workstation. It is found that the specific capacitance of PPy/GNs composite electrode synthesized by direct current is 13.5% higher than that of polypyrrole electrode. Comparison of electrochemical performance between PPy and PPy/GNs composites indicates that the PPy/GNs composite synthesized by pulse current(PC) have higher capacitance and better rate capability than that of direct current(DC). The specific capacitance can reach to 280F?g-1 at the 100mV?s-1 scanning rate.
  • Yue-Jun LIU ;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 6-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A novel adipic acid copolymer was synthesized via condensation polymerization with adipic acid, urea and, 1,4-butanediol as the raw materials. The influences of reaction time, catalyst, mass ratio of raw materials and the temperature on the property of copolymer were investigated. The structure, thermodynamic performance and the molecular weights of the copolymer were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H-NMR spectrum, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermogravimeter-differential scanning calorimeter (TG-DSC) respectively. The results show that under the condition of 220 ℃, 10h, the optimal feed molar ratios (1,4-butanediol and urea / adipic acid = 1.16:1, adipic acid / urea =5:1, the amount of catalyst was 0.03wt %), a desired adipic acid copolymer whose weight-average molecular weight reaches 12700 could be obtained. The prepared copolymer has higher thermostability, degradability and good appearance.
  • ;;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 7-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Triangles and hexagons BN were prepared by using NaBF4 and Na as raw material, NaNH2 or Na as the growth medium at 600 ℃ for 24 h. The identification of BN was studied by using XRD, FITR and XPS. The morphology of phases were characterized with FESEM and TEM. The results showed that triangles BN and hexagons BN can be obtained in the growth medium of NaNH2 and in the presence of NaNH2 and Na respectively. The triangles BN has a length about 400-500nm and 100 nm in height while the hexagons BN has a length at 300-500nm and 100 -150 nm in height. The results indicated that NaNH2 not only act as the nitrogen source but also can be used as the growth medium of BN.
  • Chunming Chen ;
    . 2012, 43(16): 8-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Abstract: Hyperbranched polymer (HBP) was synthesized from phloroglucinol (as the central core), 1,2,4-trimellitic anhydride, and epichlorohydrin, and then hyperbranched polymer electrolytes (HBPE) with terminal alkylimidazolium cationic groups were prepared by using the peripheral chlorine group of synthetic HBP to react with N-methyl imidazole. The chemical structure, thermal behavior, and ionic conductive property of the HBPE were investigated by 1H-NMR, FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyzer, and complex impedance analysis, respectively. The HBPE can achieve an ionic conductivity of 2.3×10-4 S cm-1 at 20 oC. Thermogravimetric result revealed that they have good thermal stability up to about 270 oC
  • ;;Xiao-Lang CHEN;;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 9-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In this work, amorphous PLLA films and crystalline PLLA samples were prepared at different crystallization temperatures (80~160 oC). The crystal modifications and crystallization morphologies of PLLA samples were studied by Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and polarized optical micrographs (POM). The results demonstrated that the change of crystallization temperature has a great effect on the crystal structure, phase transition, and crystallization morphology of PLLA. At crystallization temperature < 100 oC, disorder α′-crystal is mainly produced for the crystal structure of PLLA samples; however, at crystallization temperature ≥ 120 oC, the order α-crystals PLLA are mainly proposed; Whe the crystallization temperature is between 100 and 120 oC, both α′- and α-forms coexist. Besides, the crystal morphologies of PLLA samples were illustrated, and it was found that the crystal size increases and the number of spherulite decreases with increasing the crystallization temperature. It was found that the disorder-to-order (α′-to α-crystalline form) transition occures with increasing crystallization temperature above 120 oC.
  • xia qi bin
    . 2012, 43(16): 10-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In this work, deactivation and regeneration of V2O5/TiO2 catalyst for elimination of NO were studied. The spent V2O5/TiO2 catalyst sample was from a domestic power plant, which had been operated for 20,000 hours. The spent V2O5/TiO2 catalyst was characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and BET techniques to reveal the deactivation mechanism. The regeneration of V2O5/TiO2 catalyst was conducted by washing with aqueous solution of 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 or 0.01 mol/L HF. The results showed that the activity of the spent catalyst dropped greatly in comparison with the fresh catalyst. The reason was that the spent catalyst was heavily covered by ash which blocked the active sites and plugged the pores. After the spent catalyst was washed with aqueous solutions of 0.01mol/L HF, the activity of regenerated catalyst was improved significantly due to effective removal of silicon dioxide covered on the spent catalyst, a main composition of the ash.
  • ; ;
    . 2012, 43(16): 11-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The Cu/AuSn20/Ni (mass percent) joint was prepared by the reflow bonding process, and the microstructure and shear strength of the Cu/AuSn20/Ni joint were investigated. The results showed that, the solder formed a (Au5Sn+AuSn) eutectic microstructure after reflow at 300℃ for a short time, and the cellular-like (Au,Cu)5Sn intermetallic compound (IMC) was formed at the upper Cu/AuSn20 interface, while the flake-like (Ni,Au)3Sn2 IMC was formed at the lower AuSn20/Ni interface. Upon increasing the reflow time, more and more Cu(Ni) atoms from the subtrates diffused into the solder, resulting the shift of chemical composition of the solder. So that the (Au,Cu)5Sn phase at the upper Cu/AuSn20 interface transformed into the ζ(Cu) solid solution. The (Ni,Au)3Sn2 phase at the lower AuSn20/Ni interface grew gradually to form a continuous IMC layer. The eutectic microstructure in the solder vanished and the final microstructure of Cu/AuSn20/Ni joint was composed of the ζ(Cu) solid solution and (Ni,Au)3Sn2 IMC layer.The shear strength of the Cu/AuSn20/Ni joint increased slightly with the incresing of the reflow time.
  • ; ;;;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 12-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In this paper, Mesoporous TiO2 microspheres with high surface areas were prepared by hydrothermal method using titanium sulfate as raw materials in the presence of urea, and were characterized by XRD, FESEM and surface area analyzer. The effect of the added amount of urea on the particle size, surface area and pore size of the mesoporous TiO2 microspheres were investigated. The as-synthesized mesoporous TiO2 microspheres were then used to prepare the TiO2 photoelectrode of the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) by a doctor-blade method. The results indicate that the cell assembled with the TiO2 photoelectrodes fabricated with the mesoporous TiO2 microspheres synthesized with 1.2 g urea shows the light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of 6.2% under illumination of simulated AM 1.5G solar light (100 mW/cm2), which is much higher compared with a commercial Degussa P25 TiO2 nanocrystals photoelectrode (4.24%).
  • . 2012, 43(16): 13-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Abstract: A seres KCl:Ce3+ of phospors were prepared by hydrothermal approach. The VUV excitation and emission spectra were measured at room temperature. The excitation spectra contain two broad band at 149nm and 251nm . The peak at 149nm can be attribute to the host related absorption and that at 194nm,206nm,219nm,233nm,251nm is due to the 4f→5d transitions of Ce3+ .Two emission peaks at about 311nm and 326nm were obsereved and they were ascribed to 5d →4f(2F5/2,2F7/2) transitions of .
  • . 2012, 43(16): 14-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The waste paper pulp /cornstarch-based composites plasticized by a mixed plasticizer of glycerol and urea, strengthened by waste paper pulp were obtained from cornstarch and PVA by means of the melting processing method. The influence of mixed plasticizer content, NaOH concentration, waste paper pulp and water content in the mechanical properties of composites were studied. The results show that mixed plasticizer has an antiplastic effect on the composites. When the glycerol and urea content is respectively15 phr, mechanical properties of composites could get a good performance. Waste paper pulp do improve the mechanical properties of composites,tensile strength of composites has the highest value when waste paper pulp content is 35 phr. Tensile strength of composites is increased with the increasing water content, then it decreased. While, the behavior of elongation at break of composites is contrary. The SEM micrographs of the cornstarch granule, thermoplastic cornstarch plasticized by the mixed plasticizer were observed. The results reveal that the mixed plasticizer could plasticize the cornstarch and the compatibility between cornstarch and waste paper pulp is obviously improved.
  • ; ;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 15-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Based on Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory of the relationship between particle mass fraction and conductivity in suspension, this paper presents a method to determine the stability of nanofluid, and validates it by experiment. In the experiment, nanofluid consisting of deionized water and CuO nanoparticles is made by ultrasonic vibration. Relationship is obtained between mass fraction and conductivity by measuring conductivity. It studies the effects of temperature on the conductivity in the experiment. The result shows that: conductivity increase with the increase of mass fraction, temperature almostly has no effect on conductivity.
  • ;
    . 2012, 43(16): 16-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A synthesise method of highly adsorptive activated carbon from an agricultural by-product (cotton stalk) was developed. The adsorption of the water soluble aromatic contaminations (phenol, aniline and benzoic acid) by cotton stalk activated carbon was investigated under different experimental conditions, including pH, contact time, temperature and initial concentration. Results showed that the kinetic experimental data correlated well with the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption capacity was decreased as the temperature increased and the adsorption pattern on the activated carbon fitted Freundlich isotherms very well. The values of apparent activation energy for the adsorption were calculated, which Ea(phenol) was 15.91 kJ/mol ,Ea(benzoic acid) was 12.56 kJ/mol and Ea(aniline) was 11.16 kJ/mol. The adsorption process was found to be spontaneous, exothermic and entropy reduction. The static saturated adsorption capacity of the cotton stalk activated carbon for phenol, aniline and benzoic acid were 450 mg/g、321 mg/g and 298 mg/g, respectively. Cotton stalk activated carbon has many advantages over conventional activated carbon, which can make it useful in the treatment of aromatic organic pollutants.
  • . 2012, 43(16): 17-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    In this paper, Ni80Fe20/Fe50Mn50/ Ni80Fe20/Cu composite wires were prepared by magnetron sputtering. The influence of the outer layer Ni80Fe20 thickness,driving current、frequency on AGMI effect were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of the outer layer Ni80Fe20 thickness, ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic exchange coupling effect firstly increases then decreases. When thickness of the interlayer Ni80Fe20, Fe50Mn50, Cu were controlled at 0.85、0.5、30μm respectively, the most obvious AGMI could be obtained with the outer-layer Ni80Fe20 of 1.72μm at 1MHz when driving current is 10mA.
  • Shou-Zhen JIANG;Chuan-chao WANG;Bao-yuan MANShi-cai XU;Shan-peng WANG
    . 2012, 43(16): 18-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Room-temperature ferromagnetic Zn0.95Co0.05O thin film with (002) preferential orientation has been grown by pulsed laser deposition at different substrate temperature on n-type Si(111) substrate. X-ray diffraction shows that the growth of thin film was hexagonal wurtzite structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicate that this ferromagnetic behavior is not due to Co microclusters in the film. Zinc interstitials, oxygen vacancies and lattice defects induced by low substrate deposition temperature show significant effect on the ferromagnetic behavior. By changing the substrate temperature to control the amount of zinc interstitials, oxygen vacancies and lattice defects, the ferromagnetism can be tuned significantly as well, which provides a direct evidence that these defects contributed to the ferromagnetism in ZnCoO thin film.
  • Ting-Ting Tan; ;;;;Xie Ben
    . 2012, 43(16): 19-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, elemental analysis and high-resolution transmission electron microscope were used to characterize the surface and fracture feature, chemical composition and graphite microcrystalline structure of three kinds of carbon fibers including Toray T700S, T700G and Toho UT500. The microstructure differences of the three carbon fibers were compared and the effects of these differences in microstructure on mechanical properties of carbon fiber were analyzed. Rustles showed that T700G has a higher carbon content and a lower nitrogen content, larger graphite crystallite size and orientation degree, which are the reasons that it has higher tensile modulus but lower elongation at break than T700S; Surface and fracture feature of UT500 were slightly worse than T700S and T700G and its graphite crystallite size is smaller; However, the diameter of UT500 is a little thinner and the (002) crystal faces in graphite microcrystalline arrange more ordered than T700S and T700G, which cause the comprehensive mechanical property of UT500 is a bit better than that of T700S and T700G.
  • ;;;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 20-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Vanadium contained honeycomb monolithic SCR DeNOx Catalysts were prepared by extrusion molding with TiO2 as support. The catalysts obtained with different introduce way of WO3 in mixing process were comparative researched. The catalysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), FT-Raman and evaluated by catalytic activity test. The experimental results show that: Catalyst made by WO3-TiO2 powders has a higher surface area and a larger porous volume. Catalyst made by ammonium metatungstate has homogeneous microscopic structure. The active species are well dispersed on TiO2. In addition, much more actahedral vanadyl species is formed and tetrahedral wolframyl species is found. It presents a superior activity and has a wide activity temperature window. The NOx conversion is up to 93% in the activity temperature range at the gas hourly space velocity of 10000 h-1, n(NH3)/n(NO)=1.
  • Qi-Yan RAN;Hai-yan ZHANG ;;Chun hui LI
    . 2012, 43(16): 22-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A improved Hummers method was employed to prepare graphite oxide using natural flake graphite as raw materials. The graphene oxide solution was prepared by ultrasonic dispersion, and the pH value of solution was changed through adding different volume fraction of hydrazine hydrate. After hydrothermal reduction in autoclave, stable dispersion graphene solutions were obtained. The as prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Atomic force microscope,Zeta potential and optical microscope. The influence of temperature and pH value of the stability of graphene solutions was investigated.
  • Chen Ji;;You-Ping Wu
    . 2012, 43(16): 23-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Stacrh/NaAA/CR water-absorbent composites were prepared by blending polychloroprene with starch, NaAA and vulcanizing agents. The effects of the different swelling mediums on mechanical properties and water absorbent properties of Stacrh/NaAA/CR water-absorbent composites were investigated in deionized water and NaCl solution by changing the swelling medium. And the morphology of the composites before and after water absorption was observed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that after water absorption, mechanical properties of the composites reduced with the increase in water absorbing capacity. The water swelling ratios in deionized water were higher than those in NaCl solution. The composites which have excellent repeatedly used performance can maintain their original water absorbent properties by repeated used. The structure of the NaAA Particles changed greatly before and after water absorption. NaAA was the main water absorbing component.
  • Hua-Lin WANG ;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 24-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Based on the synthesis of a series of hyperbranched PPVs via Gilch polymerization, the polymerization mechanism was discussed. It is a broad consensus that in Gilch polymerizations the 1,4-bis(halomethylene)benzene starting material first changes into an α-halo-p-quinodimethane intermediate which then acts as the real active monomer in the subsequent radical chain polymerization. In this copolymerization reaction, the branched unit cannot be eliminated to form a p-quinodimethane intermediate. The plausible route is a trigonal trianion acting as initiator for an anionic polymerization. If the copolymerization reaction is processed in radical mechanism, it is the key step to form a stable α-halo-m-quinodimethane in the copolymerization. In order to verify the existence and stability of α-halo-m-quinodimethane intermediate, the molecular geometry of 1,3,5- trichloromethyl -2,4,6- trimethyloxybenzene (TCMTMOB) were optimized by DFT methods (B3LYP/6-311G(d)). The results show that the monomer TCMTMOB can eliminate HCl to give a stable α-halo-m-quinodimethane structure; the negative charges on quinodimethane are increased because of the electron-donating effect of the alkoxy groups in the ring, which is in favor of the stability of the corresponding exocyclic double bonds. The intermediate represent the initiators of subsequent bilateral radical chain growth via 1,6-type addition of further p-quinodimethane monomers to form a hyperbranched copolymer. So, the theoretical analysis agrees well with experiment result.
  • ;Da-Wa SHEN
    . 2012, 43(16): 25-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Silica particles encapsulated with corrosion inhibitor sodium tungstate was synthesized through reverse emulsion polymerization. In the emulsion polymerization system, cyclohexane was used as dispersion medium, Span80 and OP-10 was used as emulsifier, TEOS was used as monomer, ammonia was used as catalyst. The polydispersity of the particle’s diameter was characterized with dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The distribution of the corrosion inhibitor sodium tungstate was investigated through Scanning electron microscopy-X ray energy diffraction spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope-X Ray Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (STEM-EDS). The results indicated that the average diameter of the silica is about 600nm, and the corrosion inhibitor was encapsulated in the silica.
  • ;;;Yu YANG
    . 2012, 43(16): 26-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A series of self-assembled Ge quantum dots (QDs) were grown on Si substrate by ion beam sputtering deposition technology. The effects of current density on the size and shape distribution of Ge/Si dots were studied. The measurement of atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the dot density enhanced with current density increased. Meanwhile, the dome dots were transformed to transitional domes with the dot size decreased. The uniformity of size distribution became better at the current density of 0.86 mA?cm-2 compared with the standard deviation of dot diameter. The current density was proportional to the deposition rate of Ge, and it determined the ability to form nucleus from the encounter of ad-atom and other atoms.
  • ;;mingxin GU;He Guotian ;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 27-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Ionic liquids, as novel "soft" functional materials have become a new hotspot in the research field at present. The research of the refractive index of ionic liquids is important to research structure properties on this new type of optical materials. In this paper, we selected series ionic liquids: [Cnmim]BF4 (n = 6,8,10,12), [Cnmim]PF6 (n = 8,10,12), [Cnmim]I (n = 7,8,10), [Cnmim]Cl (n = 10,12,14), [CnPy]BF4 (n = 9,11,13), tested the index of refraction of ionic liquids in the air and had a theoretical analysis. The results showed that: 1)For anionic BF4-and PF6-, as the growth of cationic side chain the ionic liquids refractive index would linearly increase; If ionic liquids anions are I-and Cl-, the refractive index of ionic liquids would linearly decease with side chain growth. Correlation coefficient R were 0.98854, 0.98004, 0.99942, 0.97888, 0.9793; 2)When the volume of anion is larger, the smaller to the refractive index of ionic liquids;3) With temperature increasing the refractive index of ionic liquid will decrease, and compared to PF6- / BF4- ,the I-/Cl- ionic liquids are more sensitive to the temperature change.
  • Fa-chun ZHONG ;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 28-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A novel quinoline derivative monomer-2-phenylquinoline-4-formic-acrylic -ethylene glycol diester (PQFAED) was synthesized and the copolymer-P(PQFAED/MMA/MAA/BA) was prepared by emulsion copolymerization of PQFAED with acrylate monomers (MMA/MAA/BA). IR, UV, GPC, TGA, PGC-MS and fluorescent emission spectroscopy were used to characterize the copolymer. Furthermore, the fluorescence quenching response of nitro-explosives (TNT, RDX and PETN) vapor to copolymer film was investigated. The test results showed that the fluorescence maximum wavelength is 436 nm, about 36 nm red-shift comparing to the monomer. Fluorescence “Structural Self Quenching Effect”(SSQE) make the fluorescence intensity of PQFAED is dramatically lower than its corresponding copolymer at the same chromophore concentration. The high fluorescence response of nitro-explosives to copolymer film was identified, which also indicated that P(PQFAED/MMA/MAA/BA) film has potential application in nitro-explosives detection.
  • . 2012, 43(16): 29-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The (Li, NH4)-LSX molecular sieves with different Li+ exchange degree were prepared by substituting the NH4+ of NH4-LSX via solid-state ion exchange method. The effects of the exchange temperature,exchange time and the molar ratio of Li+ in LiCl?H2O and NH4+ in NH4-LSX on the ion-exchange properties of resultant samples were investigated in details, and therefore the optimum conditions of the Li+ ion-exchange were obtained. Meantime, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TG and NMR techniques were employed to characterize their structures, then made further exploration of Li+ distribution in the skeleton of the (Li, NH4)-LSX structure with different Li+ exchange degree.
  • ;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 30-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide has been considered as one attractive potential approach for large-scale production of graphene nanosheets, and its exfoliation step has a major influence on the quality of product. In this paper, alternating electric field was used to exfoliate graphite oxide into graphene oxide nanosheets. The result shows that the thickness and lateral size of the graphene oxide nanosheets decrease with increasing voltage, but increase with increasing frequency. If the voltage can satisfied the exfoliation of graphite oxide, the thickness and lateral size of the graphene oxide nanosheets decrease when distance between two graphite electrodes enlarged.
  • Ning-Ning Wu ;;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 31-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    This paper study of the VC content effects on battery’s cycling performance under high temperature and its consumption procedure, Result is that batteries perform the best 60℃ cycling performance when VC contents is 3%wt . EIS shows that the resistance of the anode’s solid electrolyte interface(SEI)accrescents as the VC content increases and rises to the top when it reaches 3%. It also discoveries that VC will always be used up after certain cycle number no matter how much VC electrolyte contents. This indicates that VC has effect on the repair of SEI in former time not latter one. But the life cycle curve does not appear sudden drop, it indicates that the effects VC made on battery mainly forms before the forming process, once the SEI has formed , VC will do little benefit.
  • 综述
  • ;
    . 2012, 43(16): 32-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Graphene is on the front line of the researches on electrochemical nanomaterial at present. The properties of grapheme are quite different due to different preparation methods used. This paper summarized the research findings about the electrochemical property of Graphene obtained through different kinds of preparation methods prevalent at present, and analyzed the effect of different preparation method and preparation condition on the electrochemical property of grapheme.
  • 研究与开发
  • Chun-Rong WEI ;;;;
    . 2012, 43(16): 33-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Using self-design the section 30 cm × 30 cm gas explosion experiment pipe and data acquisition system, experimental study the effect of restrain gas explosion of the different parameters foam iron nickel metal materials, combined with material characteristics, analysis the mechanism of inhibition explosion. The results show that the foam iron nickel metal materials inhibition explosion effect is good, the maximum attenuation rate of overpressure gas explosion in pipe can reach 73.8%, the maximum attenuation rate of flame temperature can amount to 70.7%. Three-dimensional breakthrough pore structure of foam metal can quenching out explosion flames, it’s good to attenuation the explosion of overpressure and acoustic wave.
  • sun jian chun
    . 2012, 43(16): 34-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    High-energy shot peening technology was used to make pure iron surface self nano-crystallization (SSNC), The grain size was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). And then Ni was diffused to iron on the Gleeble 1500 thermal simulation testing machine. The SEM was used for spectrum analysis to compare the proliferation effect of samples before and after SSNC. The results showed that the surface of pure iron was nano-structured after the shot peening treatment. Diffusivity of Ni under the same conditions on the surface of specimen was bigger at the shot peening side than the side without shot peening.
  • Chen WANG
    . 2012, 43(16): 35-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Cationic fluorocarbon emulsifer-free emulsion (CFE) was prepared with the emulsifier-free copolymerization of 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (FA), methacrylatoethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC), styrene (St) and butyl acrylate (BA) via method of adding organic cosolvent. The emulsion stability, particle size and morphology of CFE were characterized by the coagulation ratio, precipitation ratio, dynamic laser light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively; the latex film surface properties were investigated by contact angle and water absorption ratio. The results showed that when the content of fluorinated monomer increased, the coagulation ratio rised apparently, but the precipitation ratio decreased slightly. Meanwhile, the latex particle size increased and the transition of particle size distribution was from mono-dispersion to multi-dispersions. At the same time, the latex film surface performance was greatly improved. When w(FA) was 20.14%, the water absorption ratio and the latex film surface free energy could be low to 3.26% and 21.11 21.11 mJ?m-2 respectively.
  • ma-tai DING;
    . 2012, 43(16): 36-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    A highly branched liquid polycarbosilane (LPCS) was mixed with a solid polycarbosliane (PCS) to give a polymer blend. It was then melt-spun into precursor fibers, oxidation-curd in hot-air, and converted into silicon carbide fibers by pyrolysis under nitrogen. I was found that the addition of the LPCS resulted in a significant drop on the spinning temperature from 285℃ (solid PCS) to 225℃ (with 15% LPCS), while the spinning ability and fiber’s surface of the polymer blend was also markedly improved over the solid PCS. Furthermore, the LPCS enhanced the oxidation curing, reducing the curing temperature and hence the tendency for fiber partial melting and sticking. Although the strength of silicon carbide fibers decreased owing to the presence of the LPCS, the oxidation resistance was improved. The strength of fibers with LPCS maintained the same after treatment in air in 1400℃, and the solid PCS fibers reduced to half the original.