15 July 2015, Volume 46 Issue 13
    

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    研究 开发
  • Synthesis and Scale Inhibition Performance of modified polyethylene succinic acid derivatives
    Xin-Hua LIU ;;Qing-Hui WANG
    . 2015, 46(13): 1-0.
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    Polyethylene succinic acid (PESA)was synthetized through Cyclization and polymerization of Maleic anhydride, and modified polyethylene succinic acid derivatives(CSN-PESA) was prepared with PESA and thiourea. Characterization of the structure of the modified polyethylene succinate derivatives was proved by Infrared spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. Molecular weight was studied in the condition of different proportion of PESA and thiourea. The scale inhibition performance, dispersing iron oxide performance and biodegradability were investigated in aqueous solution. The scale of the crystal Calcium carbonate was studied by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results showed that the molecular weight of CSN-PESA reached 581 when the mass ratio of the CSN-PESA was 8:4, which its scale inhibition and dispersion effect were optimum. When the dosage of polyethylene succinate derivatives is 8 mg?L-1, the calcium ion concentration is 400 mg?L-1 and bicarbonate ions concentration of is 800 mg?L-1 medium, anti-scaling ratio is above 95%; The minimum light transmittance of the clear liquid was 75% when the dosage of polyethylene succinate derivatives is 20 mg?L-1, the concentration of Ca2+ is 150 mg?L-1 and the concentration of Fe2+ is 10 mg?L-1. It is proved that CSN-PESA could distort calcium carbonate crystallite from steady calcite to vaterite, and show good performance of scale inhibition and biodegradable properties .
  • Preparation and tribological properties of lithium grease based on WS2 lubrication additives
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    . 2015, 46(13): 2-0.
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    Three different WS2 powder:95nm, 0.74μm, 1.75μm in diameter were applied as an additive to prepare lithium grease,and their tribological properties were investigated respectively by four-ball tribometer. After that the morphology , elemental composition and chemical state of the worn steel ball's surface were analysed. . The results show that, WS2 powder as grease additive has a very excellent tribological properties, especially 95nm WS2 powder. Studies have also shown that the lubrication mechanism of WS2 powder additives is the interactions of the three elements:adsorbed film, a deposited film and a chemically reactive film, which play diffent roles in differnt lubrication. For example, the WS2 strongly absorbed to the friction pairs is prone to permeating into the inside where oxidation reaction occurs,and a dense WO3 film forms.
  • Research on corrosion behavior of 304L stainless steel in the role of Cl-
    Yu Zhang
    . 2015, 46(13): 3-0.
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    The corrosion behavior of 304L stainless steel in the role of cl- was investigated by electrochemical noise(EN), potentiodynamic method and wavelet transform, as well as noise resistance(Rn). To investigate the effect of chloride ions on the corrosion of stainless steel, as well as the formation of corrosion, characteristics, mechanism. It was revealed that due to the presence of chloride ions, damage to the stainless steel metal passivation film inevitably lead to accelerate ion diffusion rate in the corrosion process, Chloride on the corrosion behavior of 304L stainless steel passivation has a significant role. ions, damage to the metal passivation film inevitably lead to accelerate ion diffusion rate in the corrosion process, Chloride on the corrosion behavior of 304L stainless steel passivation has a significant role.
    • 工艺 技术
  • Preparation of Mn-doped TiO2 Loaded on Bamboo Based Activated Carbon Fibers and Its Visible Light Photocatalytic Properties
    . 2015, 46(13): 4-0.
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    Mn-doped TiO2 loaded on bamboo based activated carbon fibers (Mn/Ti-BACF) were prepared by sol-gel and impregnation method. The effects of Mn doping amount on the structure and visible light photocatalytic properties of Mn/Ti-BACF were investigated by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and UV-vis. The results show that Mn doping could improve the loading rate of TiO2 on the Mn/Ti-BACF surface. It is not found in Mn/Ti-BACF that the carbon net construction was changed due to the Mn doping, and the Mn-O adsorption peak was discovered. With the Mn doping amount increasing, the TiO2 diameters in Mn/Ti-BACF gradually decreased, and the visible light absorption of Mn/Ti-BACF increased and then decreased. When the ratio of Mn to Ti in Mn/Ti-BACF is 1:200, the photodegradation ratio of methylene blue was up to 97.7% under the visible light condition.
  • Synthesis of Ag@AgCl/GO composite films by electrostatic self-assembly method and their SERS property
    ;;;Xiao-Qi FU;Juan YangXiao-nong CHENG
    . 2015, 46(13): 5-0.
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    Abstract: In this study, Ag@AgCl nanocomposite colloidal solution is obtained via hydrothermal method, followed by dip-coating with GO solution via electrostatic self-assembly to obtain Ag@AgCl/GO nanocomposite films, which can be used as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. The films are studied by means of SEM, XRD, EDS, UV-vis, and Laser confocal Raman spectrometer. Results showed that the obtained films are surface uniform. Ag@AgCl/GO nanocomposite films have the optimized SERS activity on adsorbed rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules with the maximum enhancement factor value of 1.08×107. Furthermore, as the introduction of AgCl, the system has high efficient and stable photocatalytic activity under visible light, which leads to the recycling of the obtained Ag@AgCl/GO SERS substrates.
  • Preparation and Characterization of Shielding Fabric Coated by Electrical Deposition of Amorphous Ni-Fe-P Alloy
    Xiao-Yi ZHANG
    . 2015, 46(13): 6-0.
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    A flexible shielding fabric with dense uniform coating was prepared after electrical deposition of amorphous Ni-Fe-P alloy on copper-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric. The manufacturing process was studied using orthogonal test with 8 factors and 3 levels. Analyzed the components of the plating solution on the influence of the disposition rate and composition of coating. The morphology, composition, and structure of coating were analyzed by SEM, EDS, and XRD characterizations. The EMI shielding effectiveness was also tested. The results indicate the processing conditions of electrical deposition amorphous Ni-Fe-P alloy coated fabric are: 135g/L NiSO4?6H2O, 105g/L FeSO4?7H2O, 8g/L NaH2PO2?H2O, 24g/L C6H8O6, 36g/L C6H8O7, 22g/L H3PO3, 65℃, pH=1.5, and current density =13A/dm2. The results fabric possesses dense, smooth, and uniform coating, which consists of amorphous Ni-Fe-P alloy with18.67% P (weight percent). The EMI shielding effectiveness of this coated fabric achieves 60.82dB~73.63dB in a broad frequency range between 300kHz~1.5GHz.
  • Effect on hydrophilic chain extenders to film properties of hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane leather finishing agents
    . 2015, 46(13): 7-0.
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  • Preparation and characterization of activated charcoal with super-high specific surface area
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    . 2015, 46(13): 8-0.
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    In this study, the activated carbon with super-high specific surface area was prepared from sapindus residue through microwave carbonization and classic activation method with KOH and K2CO3 as the activator. By investigating the methylene blue adsorption on activated carbon, the orthogonal experiments were applied to determine the optimistic activation condition, including the mass ratio of alkali to carbon, the activation temperature and the hold time. The structure and properties of activated carbon were characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption, XRD and FTIR. The experiments showed that the maximum adsorption value of methylene blue on activated carbon was 595 mg/g where the alkali to carbon mass ratio was 4:1; the activation temperature was 800 ℃ and the hold time was 30 min. In this condition, the produced activated carbon had a large specific surface area (SBET=3479m2/g) and a high adsorption pore volume (V=1.8262cm3/g) with average pore size diameter of 2.0997 nm.
  • Preparation and photo-catalytic performance of Ag/Bi-TiO2 composite catalysts for the degradation of gas-phase toluene
    Meng-Xia LI; ;;;
    . 2015, 46(13): 9-0.
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    Ag/Bi-TiO2 were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, SEM, BET and UV-Vis DRS. Meanwhile, its photo-catalytic capacity of the prepared Ag/Bi-TiO2 catalysts was investigated by gas-phase toluene under visible light. The results show that the Ag/Bi-TiO2 catalysts exhibited smaller crystallite sizes, larger specific surface areas than pure TiO2. Because of the formation of Bi-O-Ti band and Ag impurity leve, the absorb range of solar light can be broaden, thus resulting in the enhanced visible light absorption performance of the Ag/Bi-TiO2 catalysts. In addition, the doped of Bi and Ag can reduce the recombination probability of the electron-hole pairs, which is beneficial to enhance photo-catalytic activity of TiO2. The maximum ratio of degradation of toluene can reach to 77.7% when the calcination temperature is 450℃ and the quantity of the doped Ag is mole fraction 0.1%, Bi is 5%, which is 72.6% higher than pure TiO2.
  • The non-isothermal thermal decomposition kinetics of poly(propargyl modified novolac resin)
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    . 2015, 46(13): 10-0.
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    The non-isothermal thermal decomposition process of poly(propargyl modified novolac resin) (PPN) was studied with TG-DTG technology. The corresponding kinetic parameters such as activation energy (E) and pre-exponential factor (A) were obtained according to the Kissinger and FWO methods. The mechanism of thermal decomposition reaction of polymer was proposed by the model method and the obtained mechanism was further verified applying the non-model method. The results show that the Td5 temperature of the polymer was about 390℃ and the char yield was about 30% at 800℃. The activation energy, the pre-exponential factor and the order of the reaction (n) were about E=92.95 kJ/mol, LgA= 4.71s-1 and n=2. The thermal decomposition reaction mechanism followed the 3D diffusion control and the differential mechanism function , the integral mechanism function . The corresponding reaction function was: .
  • Research on the preparation and properties of ternary compound colloid extinguishing material in coal mine
    . 2015, 46(13): 11-0.
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    Abstract: A novel compound colloid prevention and distinguishing material by cement-fly ash-sodium silicate ternary synergism was prepared with rapid-hardening sulphoaluminate cement and fly ash as aggregate, sodium silicate as binder and adding suspending agent using one-step mixed method. The scanning electron microscopy, setting time, compressive strength, the hydration mechanism and the inhibitor properties of the material were investigated. The results showed that the initial setting time of extinguishing material could be controlled within 1min-30min and with high early compressive strength. The inhibitor properties of the material were about 90% at 60 degrees Celsius, about 80% at 70 degrees Celsius and above 75% at 80 degrees Celsius. A lot of C-S-H gel in the form of flocculent structures and ettringite were founded, and have a clear shape. The gel covered fly ash, and this gave the paste a wonderful dense texture. The results of industrial experiment showed that the obtained material has good fire prevention and extinguishing effect.
    • 综述 进展
  • The research progress of cathode material for sodium-ion batteries
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    . 2015, 46(13): 12-0.
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    Compared with lithium-ion batteries, sodium sodium-ion batteries has the resources is abundant, the price is low wait for an advantage，and is considered to be potential secondary battery of development new energy, realizing large-scale energy storage. Sodium-ion batteries in recent years become the research hot spot, the relevant report also increased year by year. This paper reviews development of the typical compounds in sodium-ion battery cathode material, such as transition metal oxides, polyanionic compounds ; and the effective modification methods adopting by people such as nano-technology, coating, cladding, etc. Then, the research direction and prospects for development of sodium-ion batteries are forecasted.
    • 研究 开发
  • Synthesis and Properties of Polyurethane-acrylate Self-crosslinkable Hybrid Emulsion and Its Films
    . 2015, 46(13): 13-0.
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    Polyurethane-acrylate self-crosslinkable hybrid emulsion was prepared by isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI), polycaprolactone diol(PCL), 2,2-dimethylolbutanoic acid(DMBA), diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) as main materials by emulsion polymerization. The structure of the polyurethane-acrylate emulsion and films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectrometer, laser particle size analyzer and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA). The effects of DAAM content and n(DAAM)/n(ADH) on the properties of the emulsions and films were studied. The results show that the water resistance, mechanical property and thermal stability of the films were best when the w(DAAM) is 2% and n(DAAM)/n(ADH) is 2︰1.
  • Study on the optical properties of TiO2 thin films by preparation of sol-gel method
    jing YA
    . 2015, 46(13): 15-0.
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    Abstract: Uniform, transparent and crack less TiO2 thin films on K9 glass were prepared by using the sol-gel method. The influernce of absolute ethyl alcohol, coating layers and annealing temperature on optical properties of TiO2 thin films were investigated by orthogonal table-L9(3)4, the transparency of thin film and the degree of microscopic dense as evaluation criteria. Spectroscopic ellipsometer was used to characterize the optical properties of the film and the Cauchy model was presented in fitting spectroscopic ellipsometric data. The results showed that the optimum conditions as follows: absolute ethyl alcohol was 30 mL, coating layers was 2 and annealing temperature was 550°C. Cauchy model could describe optical properties of TiO2 film very well in 300~700 nm waveband. The modified films have a law that with increased the number of layers, the refractive index increased, and the maximum peak transmittance porosity reduced.
  • Biological Activity of Osteoblasts on the Surface of Ti, Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb
    Jing-Ying ZHANG ;
    . 2015, 46(13): 16-0.
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    Objective: the impact on the biological activity of osteoblasts were investigated after Ti, Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb were treated by sand blasting and acid etched(SLA). Methods: The SLA process was sandblasted by Al2O3 particles and acid etched by a mixture of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. The sample surface morphologies were characterized by SEM, the contact angles of the samples were measured by angle measuring instrument. Osteoblasts of 1 × 104cells/mL seeded on Ti, Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb surface were observed by MTT proliferation tests. The morphologies of osteoblasts were by SEM and the ability to differentiate of osteoblasts were observed by alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity experiments. Results: After the process of SLA, the surfaces of the samples were porous of micro meters and hydrophilic surface. Osteoblasts proliferation and adhesion were better after SLA surface modification. Moreover, proliferation, adhesion and differentiation were best on the surface of Ti6Al7Nb than on the surface of Ti and Ti6Al4V. Conclusion: SLA surface treatment can promote biological activity Ti, Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb; Ti6Al7Nb treated by SLA showed better biological activity than that of the Ti6Al4V and Ti after SLA, which is significant for implant surface modification.
  • Molecular dynamics simulation of micro-crack propagation behavior in single crystal gamma-TiAl
    ; ;;
    . 2015, 46(13): 17-0.
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    Abstract: In order to explore the mechanism of crack propagation in the gamma-TiAl from the atomic structure, the effects of temperature on crack propagation of the gamma-TiAl under a constant loading rate is studied in this paper. The propagation process of the preset crack in the single crystal gamma-TiAl is simulated by the method of molecular dynamics, the results show that at room temperature, the crack propagates in a brittle cleavage manner,at the medium or high temperature, the crack launches dislocation during the propagation, and the crack tip blunting and also accompanied by deflection; with the increasing of temperature, the formation of the micro crack growth transformed from brittle cleavage propagation to ductile propagation , the crack growth rate slows down and the plastic of material increases; the dislocation are emitted from the crack tip accumulates near the boundary and the place where the dislocation pile up will initiate the void defect,with the loading continued, the void eventually grows to micro crack and the phenomenon of the boundary cracking is appeared.
  • Properties and Applications of Superhydrophobic Aerogel Powder Coating
    Ning Zhang
    . 2015, 46(13): 18-0.
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    A superhydrophobic aerogel powder coating was developed to improve the corrosion resistance of building surface, which involved modifying hydrophobic SiO2 aerogel powder by trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) then dissolved in acetone. The effects of temperatures on aerogel hydrophobicity, the preparation conditions of the coating, and the durability resistance of water in brushing were studied. Chemical groups and micro morphology were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope respectively. Experiment results show that the aerogel is superhydrophobic under 250℃, while the hydrophobicity will decline significantly with temperature increasing. Brushing times are related to the mass of aerogel in the dispersion system. The coating changes from superhydrophobicty to hydrophobicity in brushing process, then remain unchanged after a long period of brushing, water immersion doesn’t change the superhydrophobicty.
  • Effect of modification on physicochemical properties of clinoptilolites and nitrogen and phosphate removal performance as well as sterilization
    . 2015, 46(13): 19-0.
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    Natural clinoptilolite was modified by NaCl firing, LaCl3 regulation, and loading the silver ions to produce composite clinoptilolite. The study found that the ammonia-nitrogen and phosphates removal rate of composite zeolite reached to 91.66% and 90.09%, antibacterial rate reached to 96.58%. And on this basis , the effect of modification on physicochemical properties of clinoptilolites and nitrogen and phosphate removal performance as well as sterilizationthe were further explored by SEM, EDS, IR, CEC and N2-porosimetry analysis, respectively. Results showed that after modified, the channel got broaden; pore volume and specific surface area increased compared with the natural one. The Na ion content, La ion content and the Ag ion content of composite zeolite increased while the Ca ion content decreased. In addition, the cation exchange capacity of both the modified zeolite and the composite zeolite improved compared with natural zeolite.
  • Effect of dendritic segregation on the damping property of MnCu alloy
    Jin-Wu Xie;;;
    . 2015, 46(13): 20-0.
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    Through the sand mould casting mechod to control the solidification process, MnCu alloy can gain significant composition segregation of dendritic structure, which can further promote spinodal decomposition in the process of aging. Therefore,the sand mould casting method is an effective way to improve the damping property of MnCu alloy. In the present work, the effect of composition segregation of dendritic structure on the damping property is investigated systemly by Torsion pendulum,OLYMPUSMicroscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Results show that, casting M2052 alloys in as-cast condition has a small amount of twin martensite and damping performance. When aged at 435?C for 4 hours, the damping performance of the casting M2052 alloy is improved obviously（δ=0.26）, even more than forging M2052 alloy performance（δ=0.2）. In the procces of aged treatment, the Mn-rich area of the dendritic structure further promotes the formation of high rich Mn area in nanoscale, and the Ms point is improved remarkablely (Ms=85?C). The more twin martensite is generated during the cooling process, so that the casting M2052 alloy have excellent damping performance.
  • Influence of wave-transparent layer thickness to the absorption peak of the absorbing structure composite materials
    Chun-Qi wang
    . 2015, 46(13): 21-0.
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    The affection of thickness to the absorption peak of the absorbing structure composite materials were studied by arch method. The results showed that the thickness of wave-transparent layer had a significant effect on the performance of the absorbing structure composite materials at the range of 4 ~ 18GHz. While the thickness were 0.95mm, the highest absorption peak were obtained and up to -22.6 dB. With increasing of the wave-transparent layer’s thickness, the max absorption peak were enhanced firstly, and then gradually weaken. It could be characterized by quadratic polynomial. At same time , the absorption peak positions were drift to the low-frequency band and the pattern of drift displacement and wave-transparent layer’s thickness meet the first-order equation
  • Microstructure, phase composition and hydrophilic properties of nano TiO2 film prepared by Electron Beam Evaporation
    . 2015, 46(13): 22-0.
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    The nano TiO2 films were prepared on glass substrates and Si <100> substrates by electron beam evaporation. The effect of substrate temperature and annealing temperature on the microstructure, phase composition and hydrophilic properties of the TiO2 film were systematically investigated. The results showed that, with the substrate temperature from 40 to 240 ℃, the structure of TiO2 films fabricated on glass substrate was amporphous, while that prepared on Si <100> substrate was rutile, and the above two kinds of TiO2 films had poor hydrophilic properties. The annealing temperature had a remarkable effect on the phase composition and hydrophilic properties of the TiO2 films. After 550 and 650 ℃ annealing treatment, the phase compositon of the TiO2 film prepared on glass was changed to single anatase phase, and they had very good hydrophilic properties. After 550-950 ℃annealing treatment, the phase composition of TiO2 film prepared on Si <100> with substrate temperature of 40 ℃ was changed to single anatase phase, and its hydrophilic properties got worse with the increasing annealing temperature. However, the phase composition TiO2 film prepared on Si <100> with substrate temperature of 240 ℃ was changed to mixed rutile and anatase phase, and the content of anatase phase increased and its hydrophilic properties got better with the increasing annealing temperature.
  • Effects of Compound Admixtures on the Properties of Ferrochrome Slag based Composite Materials
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    . 2015, 46(13): 23-0.
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    Abstract: In this paper, the influence of fast-setting/early-strength agents and water-reducing agent on the properties of ferrochromium slag based composite materials. The effects of the amount of early-strength agents such as NaCl（NC）、Na2SO4（NS）、NaF(NF) and Al2(SO4)3(AS) was studied respectively by single-factor experiment. And the optimal composition of compound admixture was obtained by orthogonal experimental, which are NC:0.6%, NF:0.6%, NS:1.2%, AS:0.7%, CL:0.25%. The phase composition and morphology of ferrochrome slag based composite materials were characterized by means of XRD and SEM. It was showed that the hydration process of composite materials was accelerated and the porosity was reduced after adding the compound admixtures. So the compound admixtures had double effects to reduce the water demand and increase the early strength. The compressive strength at 3 days and 28 days could reach 37.44MPa and 66.29MPa, and increased by 46.6%, 18.4%. The inorganic early-strength agents and the water-reducing agent were meanwhile used in the system of ferrochromium slag based composite materials, not only played a role for the high-early strength, but also made up for the deficiency of latter stage strength of early strength agent.
  • Synthesis and characterization of MWCNTs/MOF-5 hybrid
    . 2015, 46(13): 24-0.
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    In this study，the MWCNTs/MOF-5 hybrid materials have been synthesized by an improved method via one step at room temperature. The resulting samples were characterized and analyzed by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, FESEM and the specific surface area and porosity analyze, respectively. The results show that the presence of MWCNTs do not affect the origin structure of MOF-5 in MWCNTs/MOF-5, the resulted MWCNTs/MOF-5 exhibits the “penetration” structure which MWCNTs is penetrated through the MOF-5 plate, the specific surface area (BET) of MOF-5 and MWCNTs/MOF-5 are 2435 m2/g and 1866 m2/g; the maximum N2 adsorption capacity are 873 cm-3/g and 743 cm-3/g at 77 K and 100 K Pa.
  • Preparation of Fe3O4-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Polyethyleneimine and its Adsorption for Pb (II) Ion
    Ji-Guo ZHANG;;;
    . 2015, 46(13): 25-0.
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    The Fe3O4-hydroxyethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine (Fe3O4-HEC-PEI) was successfully prepared as a magnetic adsorbent by crosslinking hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) with glutaraldehyde, then coating magnetic Fe3O4 in an aqueous medium. The obtained Fe3O4-HEC-PEI was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The adsorption of Pb(II) ion on Fe3O4-HEC-PEI was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was found that HEC and PEI were successfully crosslinked and assembled on the surface of Fe3O4 particles, the saturation magnetization of Fe3O4-HEC-PEI was 52.59 A?m2/kg. The Fe3O4 in Fe3O4-HEC-PEI still maintained an inverse spinel structure. The adsorption of Pb(II) ion reached equilibrium after approximately 120 min, the adsorption kinetics followed the mechanism of the pseudo-second-order equation. The adsorption data was fit better with Freundlich equation. The negative values of Gibbs free energy (ΔG0<0, ΔH0=-8.83 kJ?mol-1 and ΔS0=-18.29 J?mol-1?K-1) suggest that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic with a reduced entropy.
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